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A new species of the genus Monokalliapseudes (Crustacea: Tanaidacea:
Kalliapseudidae) from French Guiana
David T. Drumm*, J´
erˆ
ome Jourde, and Pierrick Bocher
(DTD) EcoAnalysts, Inc., Moscow, Idaho 83843,
e-mail: ddrumm@ecoanalysts.com;
(JJ, PB) UMR7266 LIENSs CNRS/University of La Rochelle,
2 rue Olympe de Gouges 17000 La Rochelle, France;
(JJ) OBIONE Biodiversity observatory, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
Abstract.—A new species, Monokalliapseudes guianae, is described from
French Guianese estuaries. It is distinguishable from its only congener most
notably by lacking an exopodite on pereopod 1 and by the nature of the basal
article of the uropod. The inner distal corner of the basal article is only slightly
produced and lacks a rounded lobe. The bases of pereopods 2 and 3 lack
numerous long setae. Sexual dimorphism is observed in the antennule,
cheliped, and pereopod 1. Depending on size, males can exhibit two forms of
chelae. A new diagnosis is presented for the genus Monokalliapseudes.
Keywords: Tanaidacea, Kalliapseudes, Monokalliapseudes, French Guinea.
The genus Monokalliapseudes Lang, 1956
is easily distinguished from its confamilials
by having a short and heavily setose
dactylus on pereopod 6, resembling the
dactyli of pereopods 4 and 5. It was
originally considered a subgenus of Kalliap-
seudes Lang, 1956 but was subsequently
raised to full genus rank (Gutxu2006).Itisa
member of the subfamily Kalliapseudinae,
which is distinguished from other kalliap-
seudids by having long plumose setae on the
chelipeds, maxillipeds, and mandibular
palps. Only one species has been described
until now, Monokalliapseudes schubarti
(Man´
e-Garz´
on, 1949), distributed from
southeastern Brazil to Uruguay (Drumm
& Heard 2011, Freitas-J ´
unior et al. 2013). It
has been shown to be an important compo-
nent of estuaries in southern Brazil, where it
can reach high population densities and is a
major food item of fish, crustaceans, and
birds (Bemvenuti 1987, Leite 1995, Rosa-
Filho & Bemvenuti 1998, Montagnolli et al.
2004, Ferreira et al. 2005, Barreiros et al.
2009, Contente et al. 2009, 2012).
The ECOCOT project has been imple-
mented in order to explore French Guiana
intertidal mudflat ecosystem structure and
functioning. As part of this project, the
monitoring survey of benthic communities
from intertidal mudflats led to the discovery
of a new species of Monokalliapseudes,in
addition to the only two local tanaid
species, Halmyrapseudes spansii Ba
˘cescu &
Gutxu, 1975 and Discapseudes surinamensis
Ba
˘cescu & Gutxu, 1975. We herein provide
an illustrated description of the new species
and present a new diagnosis for the genus.
The genus is restricted to waters of the
western Atlantic off South America.
Materials and Methods
Samples were collected in the infralittoral
area of a bare mudflat bordered by
mangroves and the Sinnamary River (Fig.
1) at low level of spring tide using a
* Corresponding author.
DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X-128.1.86
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
128(1):86–97. 2015.
sediment hand-corer (150 mm diameter) at
20 cm depth, sieved on a 0.5 mm mesh size
and preserved in 70%ethanol solution.
Specimens were examined and dissected in
glycerol. All drawings were prepared using
a drawing tube on a Wild M12 microscope.
Specimens were measured from the tip
of the rostrum to the posterior end of the
pleotelson. Body width was measured on
the widest part of the carapace. Terminol-
ogy follows Larsen (2003). Type material is
deposited at the National Museum of
Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,
Washington,D.C.(USNM)andthe
Mus´
eum National d’Histoire Naturelle de
Paris (MNHN).
Systematics
Family Kalliapseudidae Lang, 1956
Subfamily Kalliapseudinae Lang, 1956
Genus Monokalliapseudes Lang, 1956
Diagnosis (modified after Drumm &
Heard 2011).—Rostrum rounded. Pleo-
telson with simple setae on lateral and
posterior margins. Antennule with biar-
ticulate inner flagellum, showing sexual
dimorphism in first peduncle article
shape and number of aesthetascs. Anten-
na peduncle with five articles, last pe-
duncle article with double row of
plumose setae. Labium palp long and
narrow, about 2.5 times as long as broad.
Inner endite of maxillule with three
setulate and one simple seta. Chelipeds
showing strong sexual dimorphism; exo-
podite absent. Pereopod 1 exopodite
present or absent. Pereopods 2 and 3
with proximal lobe of dactylus bearing
several setae. Pereopod 6 basis with
plumose setae on entire dorsal margin;
dactylus short with numerous distal
setae, very similar to dactylus of pereo-
pods 4 and 5. Uropod basal article inner
distal corner extended and bearing a
simple seta.
Fig. 1. Map showing collection sites and type locality (star) of Monokalliapseudes guianae.
VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1 87
Monokalliapseudes guianae, new species
Figs. 2–6
Type locality.—Sinnamary estuary
(5827052.7 00 N, 53800021.200 W), French Gui-
ana (Fig. 1).
Material examined.—Holotype (Entr´
ee
Fleuve, sample 66): 1 ovigerous /
(USNM 1273026) from type locality, 7.4
mm, 0 m, coll. P. Bocher, 27 May 2014.
Allotype (Entr´
ee Fleuve, sample 67): 1 ?
(USNM 1273027), 7.0 mm, 0 m, coll. P.
Bocher, 27 May 2014. Paratypes (Entr´
ee
Fleuve, sample 66): 1 ovigerous /(dis-
sected), 9.0 mm; 3 ??,6.3mm,7.6mm
(dissected), 8.1 mm (USNM 1273028), 0
m, coll. P. Bocher, 27 May 2014; (Entr´
ee
Fleuve, sample 67): 1 preparatory /,5.8
mm; 1 ?(USNM 1273029), 7.5 mm, 0 m,
coll. P. Bocher, 27 May 2014. Paratypes
(Entr´
ee Fleuve, sample 65): 2 //,7.9
mm, 6.7 mm (complete specimens)
(MNHN-IU-2013-18560), 0 m, coll. P.
Bocher, 27 May 2014; (Entr´
eeFleuve,
sample 66): 1 ovigerous /,8.6mm
(complete specimen) (MNHN-IU-2013-
18561), 0 m, coll. P. Bocher, 27 May
2014; (Entr´
ee Fleuve, sample 67): 1 /6.7
mm (complete specimen) and 1 ?7.6 mm
(one cheliped missing) (MNHN-IU-2013-
18562), 0 m, coll. P. Bocher, 27 May 2014;
(Entr´
ee Fleuve, sample 68) 2 ??,5.6mm,
5.5 mm (complete specimens) (MNHN -
IU-2013-18563), 0 m, coll. P. Bocher, 27
May 2014.
Diagnosis.—(Female) Pereopod 1 lack-
ing exopodite; pereopods 2 and 3 lacking
long dorsal setae on basis; inner distal
corner of uropod slightly extended. (Male)
Pereopod 1 with long plumose setae
dorsally on basis, merus, and carpus.
Description of holotype female.—Body
(Fig. 2A): length approximately 7.4 mm,
7.5 times as long as broad.
Carapace (Fig. 2A) slightly longer than
broad, one pair mid-lateral setae; rostrum
rounded.
Pereonites (Fig. 2A) 1 and 6 shortest
and subequal, about 2.5 times as long as
broad; 2–5 subequal, about 1.2 times as
long as broad; each with one pair antero-
lateral setae; hyposphaenia absent on all
pereonites.
Pleon (Fig. 2A) with pleonites subequal;
epimera rounded, with several plumose
setae (only setae bases are shown for
pleonites 2–4); hyposphaenia absent. Pleo-
telson shorter than last three pleonites
combined, narrowing posteriorly to a
rounded tip, with simple setae on entire
lateral and posterior margins.
Description of dissected paratype female
(9.0 mm).—Antennule (Fig. 2B) first pe-
duncle article approximately 2.1 times as
long as second and third articles combined
and approximately 2.2 times as long as
maximum width, with some simple setae on
inner margin and several simple and broom
setae on outer margin. Second peduncle
article 2.9 times shorter than first article,
with several simple and broom setae. Third
peduncle article slightly longer than fourth
article, with several distal simple setae.
Fourth peduncle article with several simple
and broom setae near inner flagellum
insertion. Outer flagellum shorter than first
peduncle article, with eight articles, one
aesthetasc on articles three, four, and six.
Inner flagellum biarticulate, each article
with one distal inner broom seta.
Antenna (Fig. 2C) first peduncle article
with two simple setae on outer distal
corner and medial extension bearing six
plumose setae and short hairs on margins.
Second peduncle article naked, squama
bearing four simple setae. Third peduncle
article with one simple seta on inner distal
corner. Fourth peduncle article naked.
Fifth peduncle article nearly same length
as flagellum, with double row plumose
setae and three broom setae proximally on
outer margin. Flagellum with six articles,
pectinate setae on articles 2–4, at least one
plumose seta on articles 2–5, distal article
with three terminal simple setae.
Labrum (Fig. 2D) slightly indented
distally, finely setose. Clypeus with one
pair of long simple setae.
88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 2. Monokalliapseudes guianae. Ovigerous female. A, Holotype, (USNM 1273026), habitus, dorsal
(only setae bases are shown for pleonites 2–4); paratype, (USNM 1273028), B, antennule; C, antenna; D,
clypeus and labrum; E, left mandible. Scale bars: A ¼0.5 mm; B–D ¼0.01 mm; E ¼0.05 mm.
VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1 89
Fig. 3. Monokalliapseudes guianae. Ovigerous female (USNM 1273028A). A. right mandible; B, labium;
C, maxillule; D, maxilla (anterior); E, maxilla (posterior). F, maxilliped. Scale bars: A, F ¼0.1 mm; B–E ¼
0.05 mm.
90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 4. Monokalliapseudes guianae. Ovigerous female. (USNM 1273028). A, cheliped (outer). B, chela
(inner). C, pereopod 1 (outer). D, pereopod 1 distal articles or carpus, propodus and dactylus (inner). E,
pereopod 2 (outer). Scale bars ¼0.1 mm.
VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1 91
Left mandible (Fig. 2E) incisor process
and lacinia mobilis each with seven teeth;
spine row with at least eight pectinate setae.
Right mandible (Fig. 3A) incisor process
with six teeth; spine row with about 10
pectinate setae. Palp uniarticulated with row
of long plumose setae. Molar process (not
illustrated) with typical grinding surface.
Fig. 5. Monokalliapseudes guianae. Ovigerous female. (USNM 1273028). A, carpus and propodus of
pereopod 2 (inner); B, pereopod 3 (inner); C, pereopod 3 (outer); D, pereopod 4 (inner); E, pereopod 4
(outer); F, pereopod 5 (outer); G, pereopod 5 (inner); H, pereopod 6 (outer). Scale bars ¼0.1 mm.
92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 6. Monokalliapseudes guianae. Ovigerous female. (USNM 1273028). A, pleopod; B, uropod (ventral).
Large male, (USNM 1273028). C, antennule; D, cheliped (outer); E, pereopod 1 (inner). Small male, (USNM
1273028). F, cheliped (outer). Scale bars: A–C, E, F ¼0.1 mm; D ¼0.2 mm.
VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1 93
Labium (Fig. 3B) with hair-like setae on
anterior and outer margins. Palp about 2.5
times as long as broad, with long hair-like
setae on margins.
Maxillule (Fig. 3C) inner endite bearing
three setulate setae and one short simple
seta, hair-like setae distally on outer and
inner margins. Outer endite with 11 long
and one short spiniform setae, one pecti-
nate subterminal seta and dense rows of
hair-like setae on outer margin.
Maxilla (Fig. 3D, E) with inner lobe of
fixed endite bearing one posterior pectinate
spiniform seta and with long anterior row
of 20 plumose setae. Outer lobe of fixed
endite with five thick pectinate setae, one
long simple seta, several blunt-tipped
setae, and one pectinate seta proximally
on posterior face. Inner lobe of moveable
endite with several blunt-tipped setae.
Outer lobe of moveable endite with three
pectinate and two setae bearing proximal
setules and distal denticles. Outer margin
with short hair-like setae.
Maxilliped (Fig. 3F) basal article
fringed with plumose and hair-like setae
on outer margin, inner margin naked. First
article of palp with one subdistal simple
seta. Second article with one simple seta on
outer distal corner. Last three articles of
palp with double row of long plumose
setae on inner margin. Endite with several
pappose setae, hair-like setae on distal
margin, inner margin with three coupling
hooks. Epignath not illustrated.
Cheliped (Fig. 4A, B) exopodite absent.
Basis with two short simple setae on
ventral margin. Merus longer than broad,
with three simple setae. Carpus approxi-
mately 3.3 times as long as broad, with
double row of long plumose setae ventrally
and a row of simple setae dorsally.
Propodus approximately 1.4 times as long
as broad (excluding fixed finger), with
diagonal row of plumose setae on inner
face, several simple setae distally on inner
and outer surfaces and near dactylus
insertion; fixed finger with two ventral
simple setae; cutting edge with about 18
spinules. Dactylus with three long pecti-
nate setae on inner face and several short
simple setae on inner and outer faces;
cutting edge with eight teeth.
Pereopod 1 (Fig. 4C, D) exopodite
absent. Basis with four simple setae.
Ischium naked. Merus approximately two
times as long as broad, approximately 1.8
times as long as carpus, with several simple
setae ventrally and dorsally. Carpus with
two ventrodistal and one dorsodistal spini-
form setae and with several simple setae.
Propodus shorter than carpus, with seven
ventral and two dorsodistal spiniform
setae; outer surface with several simple
setae; inner surface with one subdistal
pectinate seta; one broom seta on middor-
sal margin. Dactylus with numerous distal
‘sensory’ setae and inner surface with two
proximal simple setae.
Pereopod 2 (Figs. 4E, 5A) basis approx-
imately 2.3 times as long as broad, one
broom and several short simple setae on
dorsal margin, three ventral simple setae.
Ischium with one simple ventrodistal seta.
Merus same length as carpus, with several
simple setae and one spiniform seta
distally on inner surface. Carpus approx-
imately 1.9 times as long as broad, with
four spiniform setae on outer surface and
one spiniform seta on inner surface;
several simple setae. Propodus shorter
than carpus, with five spiniform setae on
outer and inner surfaces, several simple
setae, and one broom seta midway on
outer surface. Dactylus long and slender,
shorter than basis, with one subdistal seta
and two setae two-thirds length of dacty-
lus; proximal lobe present, with ten setae.
Pereopod 3 (Fig. 5B, C) similar to
pereopod 2. Ischium with two setae.
Carpus with eight spiniform setae. Dacty-
lus with three subdistal and one proximal
setae; proximal lobe with six setae.
Pereopod 4 (Fig. 5D, E) basis approx-
imately 2.2 times as long as broad with two
proximal broom setae and three short
subdistal simple setae. Ischium with three
simple setae. Merus subequal to carpus,
94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
with two spiniform and several simple
setae. Carpus with eight spiniform setae
on outer and inner surfaces; four simple
setae. Propodus with seven inner and seven
outer spiniform setae and one terminal
spiniform seta; one terminal pectinate seta;
two simple setae and one broom seta
proximally on outer surface. Dactylus with
15 distal setae.
Pereopod 5 (Fig. 5F, G) similar to
pereopod 4. Carpus with six outer and
nine inner spiniform setae.
Pereopod 6 (Fig. 5H) smaller than the
other pereopods. Basis approximately 3.8
times as long as broad, with 14 long plumose
setae on dorsal margin and eight plumose
setae on ventral margin. Ischium with four
ventrodistal simple setae. Merus shorter
than carpus, with three plumose setae on
dorsal margin and five plumose setae on
ventral margin. Carpus subequal to propo-
dus, with six plumose setae on dorsal margin
and seven plumose setae on ventral margin.
Propodus with seven thick spiniform setae
and about 24 smaller pectinate setae. Dac-
tylus short, similar to dactylus of pereopods
4 and 5, with 11 distal setae.
Pleopod (Fig. 6A) basal articles with five
plumose setae. Exopodite with 22 and
endopodite with 25 plumose setae.
Uropod (Fig. 6B) basal article approx-
imately 2.1 times as long as broad, with
inner distal corner slightly produced and
bearing one simple seta. Exopodite with
three articles, last article longest and
bearing three simple setae. Endopodite
with 13 articles.
Male.—Very similar to female but with
following differences:
Antennule (Fig. 6C) first peduncle arti-
cle long and narrow, approximately four
times as long as broad. Outer flagellum
with nine articles and six aesthetascs.
Cheliped (Fig. 6D, F) basis massive,
with two short simple setae on ventral
margin. Carpus approximately 2.8 times as
long as broad, with double row of plumose
setae ventrally and several simple setae on
dorsal margin. Cheliped of male 7.6 mm in
length (Fig. 6D) merus with large distal
projection; propodus approximately 2.7
times as long as broad, with one large
proximal and distal tooth on cutting edge;
distal claw absent. Cheliped of male 6.3
mm in length (Fig. 6F) with distal projec-
tion of merus not as large; propodus
approximately 1.7 times as long as broad;
cutting edge with one large proximal tooth
and seven spinules; distal claw present.
Pereopod 1 (Fig. 6E) basis, merus, and
carpus with dorsal row of long plumose
setae.
Etymology.—The specific name refers to
the region where it was collected, Guiana.
Distribution.—French Guiana estuaries
(Fig. 1).
Discussion
The new species is placed in the genus
Monokalliapseudes, even though it lacks an
exopodite on the first pereopod, because
this character was shown to be homoplas-
tic (Drumm & Heard 2011). It also shares
several synapomorphies with Monokalliap-
seudes schubarti; for example, a pleotelson
with simple setae along the lateral and
posterior margins, a long and narrow
labium palp, an inner endite of the
maxillule with three setulate setae and
one simple seta, the short dactylus of
pereopod 6, and the male cheliped with a
massive basis. The clypeus (plate-like
structure of cephalon, anterior to labrum)
is rarely described in tanaidacean taxono-
my, but its systematic importance has been
shown in Kalliapseudidae (Drumm &
Heard 2011). The genera Cristapseudes
Ba
˘cescu, 1980 and Phoxokalliapseudes
Drumm & Heard, 2011 possess cusps on
the clypeus (erroneously stated as on the
labrum in Drumm & Heard 2011). The
clypeus of M. guianae has a pair of long
simple setae. If shown to be present in M.
schubarti, this would be another synapo-
morphy of the genus.
VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1 95
Besides lacking an exopodite on the first
pereopod, Monokalliapseudes guianae can
be distinguished from M. schubarti by the
inner distal corner of the basal article of
the uropod being only slightly produced
and lacking a rounded lobe, and the bases
of pereopods 2 and 3 lacking numerous
long setae.
Aspects of the biology and ecology of
Monokalliapseudes schubarti have been
intensively studied and have been shown
to play an important ecological role in
estuarine environments (Freitas-J´
unior et
al. 2013 and references therein). Since M.
guianae also occupies similar habitats and
is common and abundant, it is reasonable
to suspect that it also plays a similarly
important role.
Acknowledgments
This is part of the program ECOCOT
(Fonctionnement de l’´
ecosyst`
eme cˆ
otier
guyanais) funded by theEuropecommu-
nity and the R´
egion Guyane through
FEDER funding. The OBIONE Biodi-
versity Observatory is financially sup-
ported by the R´
egion Poitou-Charentes
through CPER funding, University of La
Rochelle and CNRS. We are grateful to
Antoine Gardel and the CNRS Guyane
for providing facilities for sampling on
French Guiana mudflats. We gratefully
thank C´
eline Artero, Vietkuong (Toni)
Bui, Alexandre Carpentier, Christine
Dupuy, Christel Lefran¸cois, and Pierre-
Yves Pascal for their help during sam-
pling. We are also grateful to Brendan
‘‘Chip’’ Barrett (EcoAnalysts, Inc.) for
reviewing an early draft of the manu-
script.
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VOLUME 128, NUMBER 1 97
