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. Sistemática y antigüedad de Paramyocastor diligens (Rodentia, Caviomorpha, Myocastoridae).
... The fossil record of Echimyidae is known essentially from southern South America because of the biased distribution of fossil-bearing deposits from the Oligocene to Pliocene (Verzi et al. 2018c). In southern South America, Myocastorini is the tribe (sensu Fabre et al. 2017) with most abundant fossil records during the Plio-Pleistocene (Verzi et al. 1995(Verzi et al. , 2002(Verzi et al. , 2018cTauber 2000;Candela and Noriega 2003;Olivares et al. 2012Olivares et al. , 2017Kerber et al. 2014;Olivares and Verzi 2015). Myocastor coypus is the only extant semiaquatic echimyid and the only survivor of a wider radiation that includes at least two extinct genera, Paramyocastor and Tramyocastor (Verzi et al. 2002(Verzi et al. , 2018cCandela and Noriega 2003;Candela et al. 2007;Candela and Rasia 2012;Nasif et al. 2013;Olivares et al. 2017). ...
... In southern South America, Myocastorini is the tribe (sensu Fabre et al. 2017) with most abundant fossil records during the Plio-Pleistocene (Verzi et al. 1995(Verzi et al. , 2002(Verzi et al. , 2018cTauber 2000;Candela and Noriega 2003;Olivares et al. 2012Olivares et al. , 2017Kerber et al. 2014;Olivares and Verzi 2015). Myocastor coypus is the only extant semiaquatic echimyid and the only survivor of a wider radiation that includes at least two extinct genera, Paramyocastor and Tramyocastor (Verzi et al. 2002(Verzi et al. , 2018cCandela and Noriega 2003;Candela et al. 2007;Candela and Rasia 2012;Nasif et al. 2013;Olivares et al. 2017). The oldest record of M. coypus comes from the 'ossiferous conglomerate' of the Ituzaingó Formation (Late Miocene), Entre Ríos Province, Argentina (Candela and Noriega 2003;Nasif et al. 2013). ...
... The oldest record of M. coypus comes from the 'ossiferous conglomerate' of the Ituzaingó Formation (Late Miocene), Entre Ríos Province, Argentina (Candela and Noriega 2003;Nasif et al. 2013). Paramyocastor diligens, in particular, is known from scarce specimens recorded in Mio-Pliocene sediments in central northern and eastern Argentina: Monte Hermoso and Chapadmalal formations, Buenos Aires Province (Verzi et al. 2002), Andalhuala and Corral Quemado formations, Catamarca Province (Marshall and Patterson 1981;Esteban et al. 2019), and Ituzaingó Formation and basal levels of the Punta Gorda Group, Entre Ríos Province (Candela et al. 2007). ...
Full text available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/QDADZK58JIY7GMATNUVG/full?target=10.1080/08912963.2019.1657860 ---- Abstract: We describe the first fossil record of Paramyocastor diligens (Echimyidae, Octodontoidea) from the Pliocene of Las Cañas Formation (western Santiago del Estero Province, Argentina). The new record of this species increases its geographical distribution, previously known from Catamarca, Entre Ríos, and Buenos Aires Provinces. The examined materials correspond to a fragmentary hemimandible with m2-m3 and an isolated lower molar, which provide information on the occlusal morphology of Paramyocastor diligens in early ontogenetic stages.
... Echimyids recorded in southern South America since the latest Miocene are related to species that currently occupy Chacoantype open environments in the Cerrado and Caatinga biomes (except for myocastorines; Reig, 1986;Verzi et al., 1994Verzi et al., , 1995Verzi et al., , 2002Verzi et al., , 2014Vucetich, 1995;Cartelle, 1999;Hadler et al., 2008;Olivares et al., 2012a;Olivares and Verzi, 2015). Systematic and phylogenetic studies of these southern late Miocene echimyids have suggested their relationship with the living fossorial euryzygomatomyines (sensu Emmons, 2005) and terrestrial 'eumysopines' (Reig, 1986;Verzi et al., 1995;Vucetich, 1995;Olivares et al., 2012b). ...
... The morphological phylogenetic analysis of extinct and extant octodontoids is largely based on the matrices in Olivares and Verzi (2015) and Verzi et al. (2016). In addition, we add 10 new characters (characters 83-92; Supplementary Data 1, Appendix S1) resulting from the morphological revision of the new material PVSJ 24, the nominal species y'Eumysops' intermedius MACN-Pv 8378 (late Miocene, Argentina;Olivares et al., 2012b), yParamyocastor diligens (Pliocene, Argentina; Verzi et al., 2002), and two living species of the cursorial genus Thrichomys, namely, T. laurentius and T. apereoides. This matrix includes a total of 73 taxa and 92 characters; Dasyprocta (Cavioidea) was included for rooting purposes. ...
Online access available at http://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/WwqYDYYiXszZmBDVv7V2/full
ABSTRACT—A new genus of echimyid rodent, Ullumys, from the uppermost Miocene of northwestern Argentina is described. It includes two species, U. pattoni sp. nov. and Ullumys intermedius nov. comb. Ullumys pattoni is known from a skull fragment and the corresponding right hemimandible coming from levels of Loma de Las Tapias Formation, underlying a tuff dated at 7.0 + - 0.9 Ma (Huayquerian age, San Juan Province). Ullumys intermedius is represented by a left hemimandible from the ‘Araucanense’ of Valle de Santa Maria (Huayquerian age, Catamarca Province). A phylogenetic analysis in the context of octodontoids linked Ullumys to the clade subtended by the extinct echimyids Pampamys and Eumysops and the living Thrichomys. Ullumys has a peculiar craniomandibular morphology, shared only with Eumysops among the Octodontoidea, involving specializations to open environments such as large and posteriorly extended orbits and related low mandibular condyles. Phylogenetic relationships of Ullumys support the hypothesis that echimyids recorded since the latest Miocene in southern South America, and linked to those currently inhabiting Brazilian open biomes, represent a marginal sample of the great diversity evolving primarily in northern tropical areas.
... In contrast, the paleoecological significance of a series of other species from FMH, also considered to be indicators of chacoan environment (Chani, 1976;Pascual, 1984;Scillato-Yan e, 1986;Pascual et al., 1996;Ortiz-Jaureguizar and Cladera, 2006;Tomassini et al., 2011), is more problematic. These include a bufonid toad considered to be closely related to Rhinella schneideri (D Bufo paracnemis of B aez, 1986), a snake with doubts assigned to the Boinae genus Boa (Albino, 1992), anteaters attributed to an extinct species of the extant genus Myrmecophaga (Scillato-Yan e, 1986;McDonald et al., 2008), and some fossil hystricognathi of the Echimyidae (Eumysops and Paramyocastor) and Dinomyidae (Telicomys) clades (Verzi et al., 2002;Deschamps et al., 2012;Olivares et al., 2012;Tomassini et al., 2013). ...
... Among hystricognathi Echimyidae, the sister taxon of Eumysops, the living ground-dwelling Thrichomys is found in bushlands of the cerrado and the pantanal (Fabre et al., 2012;Verzi et al., 2014). Paramyiocastor is closely related to the extant coypu Myocastor (Verzi et al., 2002), a large, herbivorous, semiaquatic rodent with a broad native distribution in South America south of 23 S latitude (Carter and Leonard, 2002). The single living species of Dinomyidae, Dinomys branickii, is a poorly known, herbivorous, medium-sized rodent that inhabits humid forested areas of the eastern Andes in northwestern South America (Saavedra-Rodr ıguez et al., 2012). ...
I describe a new fossil species of the extant anuran genus Lepidobatrachus from late Miocene-early Pliocene sediments of central Argentina. This species was erroneously attributed to the living species L. laevis in prior studies. However, reanalysis of the fossil material demonstrated that some anatomical structures, as well as their taxonomic significance, were misinterpreted. The description and comparative analysis presented here demonstrate that this specimen represents a new fossil species of Lepidobatrachus. Although it possesses most of the possible synapomorphies of Lepidobatrachus, some features of the architecture of the skull of the specimen, specifically the relationships of the palatal surface of the maxilla with the surrounding bones, resemble the skull of another ceratophryid genera. Additionally, the new species differs from all ceratophryids in the absence of a supraorbital shelf. The paleoenvironmental significance of this discovery is also discussed.
... In contrast, the paleoecological significance of a series of other species from FMH, also considered to be indicators of chacoan environment (Chani, 1976; Pascual, 1984; Scillato-Yan e, 1986; Pascual et al., 1996; Ortiz-Jaureguizar and Cladera, 2006; Tomassini et al., 2011), is more problematic. These include a bufonid toad considered to be closely related to Rhinella schneideri (D Bufo paracnemis of B aez, 1986), a snake with doubts assigned to the Boinae genus Boa (Albino, 1992), anteaters attributed to an extinct species of the extant genus Myrmecophaga (Scillato- Yan e, 1986; McDonald et al., 2008), and some fossil hystricognathi of the Echimyidae (Eumysops and Paramyocastor) and Dinomyidae (Telicomys) clades (Verzi et al., 2002; Deschamps et al., 2012; Olivares et al., 2012; Tomassini et al., 2013). ...
... Among hystricognathi Echimyidae, the sister taxon of Eumysops , the living ground-dwelling Thrichomys is found in bushlands of the cerrado and the pantanal (Fabre et al., 2012; Verzi et al., 2014). Paramyiocastor is closely related to the extant coypu Myocastor (Verzi et al., 2002), a large, herbivorous, semiaquatic rodent with a broad native distribution in South America south of 23 S latitude (Carter and Leonard, 2002). The single living species of Dinomyidae, Dinomys branickii, is a poorly known, herbivorous, medium-sized rodent that inhabits humid forested areas of the eastern Andes in northwestern South America (Saavedra-Rodr ıguez et al., 2012). ...
Remains of a Miocene anuran referable to Ceratophryidae, the clade of South American horned frogs, are described. This material is especially relevant because few pre-Pliocene fossils have been ascribed to Ceratophryidae and, in most cases, their taxonomic allocations are controversial. As far as the preserved bones can be evaluated, the fragmented Miocene fossil described here exhibits all the phenotypic synapomorphies proposed for Ceratophryidae. The remains also share some features with various recent ceratophryid species. Additionally, they possess a series of characters not observed in other Ceratophryidae. The exclusive combination of character states observed in the fossil material indicates that it represents
a new species. However, the species cannot be named until relationships among ceratophryid frogs are resolved and the position of the fossil within the clade can be assessed; it is possible that it might be nested in an extant genus.
... The lower molars are subquadrangular and tetralophodont, different from those in the most of extinct southern Echimyidae that are trilophodont (see Verzi et al. 1994Verzi et al. , 1995Verzi et al. , 2015Verzi et al. , 2018Vucetich 1995;Olivares et al. 2012aOlivares et al. , b, 2017Candela et al. 2020). The extinct Paramyocastor (see Verzi et al. 2002) and Tramyocastor (see Rusconi 1936), and the extant Myocastor coypus also have tetralophodont molars, with the mesolophid as a complete crest. In contrast, the m1-3 of Paralonchothrix gen. ...
Echimyidae is the most widely diversified family among hystricognath rodents, both in the number of species and variety of lifestyles. In the Patagonian Subregion of southern South America, extinct echimyids related to living arboreal species (Echimyini) are recorded up to the middle Miocene, whereas all the known southern fossils since the late Miocene are linked to terrestrial and fossorial lineages currently inhabiting the Chacoan open biome in eastern South America. In this work, we describe a new genus of echimyid rodent, Paralonchothrix gen. nov., from the late Miocene of northwestern Argentina and western Brazil. Its single recognised species, Paralonchothrix ponderosus comb. nov., is represented by two hemimandibles. One of them comes from a level of Loma de Las Tapias Formation, underlying a tuff dated at 7.0 ± 0.9 Ma (Huayquerian age, late Miocene); the other specimen comes from the 'Araucanense' of Valle de Santa María (type locality, Huayquerian age, late Miocene). A phylogenetic analysis linked Paralonchothrix to Lonchothrix, both being the sister group to Mesomys. Thereby, for the first time, an echimyid linked to living Amazonian arboreal clades is recognised for the late Miocene of southern South America. Paralonchothrix gen. nov. thus represents an exceptional record that raises the need to review the postulated evolutionary pattern for echimyids recorded at high latitudes since the late Miocene. The new genus provides a minimum age (ca.7 Ma) in the fossil record for the divergence between Mesomys and Lonchothrix. The palaeoenvironmental conditions inferred for the late Miocene in western and northwestern Argentina suggest savanna-type environments, with areas with more closed woodlands in peri-Andean valleys. The record of Paralonchothrix gen. nov. supports the hypothesis that this area would have maintained connections with tropical biomes of northern South America during the late Miocene.
... Other frequent taxa include Actenomys priscus, Paramyocastor diligens (see Verzi et al., 2002), Paedotherium bonaerense, Paedotherium typicum, Tremacyllus impressus, Doellotatus inornatus, Eoauchenia primitiva, Pseudotypotherium sp. and ...
Resumen. Este volumen está dedicado a la Dra. Mirta Elena Quattrocchio, una de las investigadoras más destacadas en el campo de la Palinología a nivel nacional e internacional. Consta de ocho contribuciones, cuyas autorías corresponden a algunos de los investigadores que fueron orientados por la Dra. Mirta Quattrocchio, durante distintas etapas de su carrera. En la primera parte se incluyen tres artículos en depósitos mesozoicos, uno en la provincia de Chubut y dos en la Cuenca Neuquina. En la segunda parte se incluyen cuatro trabajos realizados en depósitos del Cenozoico, dos en la provincia de Buenos Aires y dos en Tierra del Fuego. La contribución invitada sintetiza y actualiza la biocronoestratigrafía de la provincia de Buenos Aires a partir del registro de vertebrados.
Abstract. This volume is dedicated to Dr. Mirta Elena Quattrocchio, one of the leading researchers in the field of Palynology. It includes eight contributions, whose authorship corresponds to some of the researchers who were oriented by Dr. Mirta Quattrocchio, during her career. The first section includes three articles from Mesozoic deposits, one in Chubut Province and two in the Neuquén Basin. The second part includes four articles associated with Cenozoic deposits, two in Buenos Aires Province and two Tierra del Fuego. The guest contribution summarizes and updates the biochronoestratigraphy of the Buenos Aires Province based on vertebrates record.
... Other frequent taxa include Actenomys priscus, Paramyocastor diligens (see Verzi et al., 2002), Paedotherium bonaerense, Paedotherium typicum, Tremacyllus impressus, Doellotatus inornatus, Eoauchenia primitiva, Pseudotypotherium sp. and Plohophorus figuratus (Fig. 7). See complete list in Appendix 1. ...
... Other frequent taxa include Actenomys priscus, Paramyocastor diligens (see Verzi et al., 2002), Paedotherium bonaerense, Paedotherium typicum, Tremacyllus impressus, Doellotatus inornatus, Eoauchenia primitiva, Pseudotypotherium sp. and Plohophorus figuratus (Fig. 7). See complete list in Appendix 1. ...
The knowledge of the vertebrate systematics and bio-chronostratigraphy of late Cenozoic from the southwest of the Buenos Aires Province is updated. The study is focused on 12 localities that encompass the latest Miocene to the Holocene. Biochronologic units were identified and correlated to those of other areas of the Pampean Region. Farola Monte Hermoso, Bajo San José and Playa del Barco outstand because they yielded a large amount of fossil remains. In turn, the quarries near Grünbein allowed refining the age of “Huayquerian” faunas and their relationship with “Montehermosan” ones. The localities Cantera Seminario, Barrancas de Sarmiento, Cantera Vialidad, and Cantera Relleno Sanitario are assigned to the latest Miocene-earliest Pliocene; Farola Monte Hermoso and Las Oscuras, to the Early Pliocene; Bajo San José to the Middle Pleistocene; Puesto La Florida, Chacra Santo Domingo, and García del Río to the Late Pleistocene–Holocene; Playa del Barco to the Late Pleistocene; Pliocene s.l., and Pleistocene–Holocene levels are exposed at Balneario Saldungaray.
PALABRAS CLAVE. Biostratigraphy. Mammals. Late Miocene–Holocene. Buenos Aires Province. Argentina.
Resumen. VERTEBRADOS DEL CENOZOICO TARDÍO DEL SUDOESTE DE LA REGIÓN PAMPEANA: ACTUALIZACIÓN SISTEMÁTICA Y BIO-CRONOESTRATIGRÁFICA. Se realiza una actualización del conocimiento de la sistemática de los vertebrados y la bio-cronoestratigrafía del Cenozoico tardío del sudoeste de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. El trabajo se enfoca en 12 localidades que abarcan desde el Mioceno más tardío hasta el Holoceno. En ellas se identificaron unidades biocronológicas que se correlacionan con otras áreas de la Región Pampeana. Se destacan Farola Monte Hermoso, Bajo San José y Playa del Barco como las localidades más fosilíferas. Por su parte, las canteras cercanas a la localidad de Grünbein se destacan por permitir la aproximación a las edades de faunas “huayquerienses” y su relación con las “montehermosenses”. Las localidades Cantera Seminario, Barrancas de Sarmiento, Cantera Vialidad y Cantera Relleno Sanitario se asignan al Mioceno más tardío–Plioceno más temprano; Farola Monte Hermoso y Las Oscuras al Plioceno temprano; Bajo San José al Pleistoceno medio; Puesto La Florida, Chacra Santo Domingo y García del Río al Pleistoceno tardío–Holoceno; Playa del Barco al Pleistoceno tardío; en Balneario Saldungaray afloran niveles asignados al Plioceno s.l. y al Pleistoceno–Holoceno.
PALABRAS CLAVE. Bioestratigrafía. Mamíferos. Mioceno Tardío–Holoceno. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Argentina.
... Myocastor paranensis y M. obesus pueden referirse sin dudas a Myocastor tal como lo propuso Ameghino (1885), ya que no muestran diferencias significativas con la especie viviente M. coypus y por presentar los siguientes caracteres (ver Verzi et al., 2002): molariformes alargados, más largos que anchos, los cuales se incrementan en tamaño posteriormente; origen de la cresta masetérica igualmente abrupta; extremo anterior de la fosa masetérica igualmente alta y profunda y de contorno agudo (sólo observable en M. paranensis); incisivo extendido posteriormente hasta la base del m3 (rasgo inferido a partir del grado de curvatura de este diente). En general, en ambas especies, la morfología de los molariformes inferiores es esencialmente idéntica a la de M. coypus. ...
Caviomorph rodents have a very rich fossil record that provided good bases for understanding the major pathways of their evolution, at least in southern South America. The evolution of caviomorphs in intertropical South America is less known, although the knowledge of the Quaternary record has been improved in recent years. In this chapter we analyze this record and describe the most important features of their evolutionary history. The caviomorph ancestors probably entered South America during the middle Eocene by rafting from Africa, and the first steps of their evolution occurred in intertropical areas. The evidence strongly suggests that the initial radiation of caviomorphs was more complex than hitherto postulated, with the differentiation of some taxa that cannot be assigned to any of the major clades in which caviomorphs are classically divided (the superfamilies Octodontoidea, Erethizontoidea, Cavioidea, and Chinchilloidea). Caviomorphs arrived in Patagonia during the latest Eocene or early Oligocene, and by the late Oligocene they were highly diversified, with representatives of the four main lineages. A great morphological disparity, at least in tooth morphology, was then acquired mainly by the development of hypsodonty in several lineages. The early evolution of each of the major clades was also more complex than previously proposed, especially for chinchilloids and octodontoids. The first stages of the evolution of cavioids are more obscure because they are recognized through the relatively derived Deseadan species of Cavioidea s.s. Moreover, the steps that led to the differentiation of Dasyproctidae, Cuniculidae and some Oligocene - Miocene forms (e.g., Neoreomys), are not known or not well understood yet. One of the most outstanding features of caviomorphs, the development of large size, appears as a complex phenomenon. Large size evolved independently in multiple lines, in what looks to be a coeval coordinated phenomenon.
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