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Abstract
This research sheds light on the non-intrusive traits of mobile devices (Electronic Guidebook, Rememberer, I-Guides and eXspot) deployed in Exploratorium for enhancing visitor experience via case studies. In an interactive exhibition environment, non-intrusiveness was the key to supporting the immersive experience and meaning-making for visitors. The usability of hand-held devices directly impacted on the non-intrusiveness, thereby reshaping the form-factors of mobile devices. The change in from-factor has also minimized the functions of devices as the remember of museum experience. Furthermore, the role of mobile devices, which turned from a supposed multi-media guide to a mere rememberer, made them virtually impossible for realizing the "seamless visiting model" originally planned. An array of projects carried out in Exploration have achieved some degree of success such as increasing viewing time as well as reinforcing post-visit activities. However, taken from musicological perspective, increase in viewing time is by all means insufficient to be taken as proof since it is assumed to be achieved by photo-taking (i.e. MyExploratorium) rather than by interacting between visitors and exhibits. This issue --increased viewing time -- needs to be analyzed in depth. All in all, mobile devices used in Exploratorium can be defined as a learning tool/educational supporting medium based on personalization for (visitors`) optimizing extended museum experience.
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We report on our experiences implementing and testing Rememberer, a tool for recording visits to museums. We describe field
trials at the Exploratorium, an interactive science museum in San Francisco. This challenging environment enabled us to verify
that Rememberer interferes little with the social, hands-on nature of Exploratorium visits and has promise as a vehicle for
post-visit reflection and communication.
Museums are excellent locations for testing ubiquitous systems; the Exploratorium in San Francisco offers a unique and challenging environment for just such a system. An important design consideration is how users switch between virtual and physical interactions.
This paper reports findings from a study of how a guidebook was used by pairs of visitors touring a historic house. We describe how the guidebook was incorporated into their visit in four ways: shared listening, independent use, following one another, and checking in on each other. We discuss how individual and groupware features were adopted in support of different visiting experiences, and illustrate how that adoption was influenced by social relationships, the nature of the current visit, and any museum visiting strategies that the couples had. Finally, we describe how the guidebook facilitated awareness between couples, and how awareness of non-guidebook users (strangers) influenced use.
Science museum visitors are often pressed to attend scheduled events and to see as many exhibits as possible in a single visit, leaving little time to experiment, learn, and reflect upon deeper ideas and science concepts behind an exhibit. We have developed a museum-based application that uses a low-powered, wireless RFID transceiver called 'eXspot' that is intended to support, record, and extend exhibit-based, informal science learning at the Exploratorium, an interactive hands-on museum of art, science, and perception located in San Francisco. In this demonstration we will show a typical exhibit and how a visitor would interact with it to extend his/her museum experience.
How should nomadic web content be designed to improve and transform user experiences in a hands-on museum? In this study, 15 users were studied while using an electronic guidebook designed to augment user experiences via wireless technologies at the Exploratorium, an interactive science museum. Several recurring themes emerged from the analysis, such as users' sense of isolation and users' attempts to make a seamless transition between real-place and virtual contexts. This paper shares a preliminary framework for organising user interactions with handheld devices, user experiences based on interviews and insights regarding the role of nomadic web content.
Ubiquitous computing applications often use a user's context to automatically adjust their behavior to the situation. We have developed three types of wireless sensor nodes that can be worn, carried, or embedded in the environment that can provide interesting contextual information: a rich multi-sensor node to infer human activity that can be worn by a person or be part of a sensing environment, a portable wireless node for reading and writing short-range radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags, and a small wrist-watch-sized wireless display device that can serve as an easily accessible and 'glanceable' user interface. We report on our experiences in building these platforms and using them in some initial applications. We conclude with suggestions for future work in creating platforms that help blend sensor networks into ubiquitous computing.
We describe I-Guides, an information technology research project in progress at the Exploratorium, a hands-on museum of science, art, and human perception. Building upon the findings from the Electronic Guidebook Project [Hsi, 2003], various configurations of RFID technologies, handheld computers, and network-based applications are being developed to support nomadic inquiry and extend the museum experience for two different audiences: museum visitors and museum educators. For museum visitors, this project is exploring ways to enable visitors to intentionally capture their museum experiences for later reflection and investigation of personally relevant science ideas via the Web. For museum educators, this project is designing a wireless handheld Web resource and digital library infrastructure to support educators in making effective uses of exhibits and exhibit-based content for inquiry-based teaching. An overview of research as well as planned design studies, working prototypes, and evaluation activities are described.
Mobile telephony's technical and market success in Europe attracted researchers' interest in mobile systems. Some researchers began investigating appropriate architectures for providing information services to cellular mobile telephony users, and the quest for the "killer" third-generation (3G) mobile telephony application dominated the EU Information Society Technology research program. Dozens of projects launched to pursue this aim, and we were intimately involved in several of them. We report here on lessons learned during our involvement in this research and suggest how pervasive computing might benefit from this experience. Although some business and practical challenges exist, mobile phones could serve as information service end points, control devices for ubiquitous systems, network hubs for personal and body area networks, and ID tokens.
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