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A New Combination in Morella (Myricaceae) in Mesoamerica
Abstract
While completing the account of Myricaceae for Flora Mesoamericana it was discovered that a new combination was necessary in the genus Morella: M. lindeniana. It is here provided along with a short synopsis of the distribution of the species and its differences from the widespread Morella cerifera.
... Posteriormente Verdcourt y Polhill (1997) propusieron conservar el nombre genérico de Myrica L. escogiendo como lectotipo a M. cerifera, con la finalidad de evitar que casi 40 especies de Myricaceae tuvieran que cambiar su nombre al transferirlas a Morella; no obstante, dicha propuesta fue rechazada por el Comité para las Espermatofitas (Brummitt, 1999), por lo que el uso de Myrica quedó restringido a dos especies que habitan en los Estados Unidos. Algunas de las transferencias nomenclaturales de Myrica a Morella fueron hechas por Wilbur (1994Wilbur ( , 2001, Parra-O (2001Parra-O ( , 2002, Knapp (2002) y Herbert (2005). Cuando Wilbur (2001) publicó las nuevas combinaciones de cinco especies neotropicales, concluyó que todos los miembros de la familia Myricaceae conocidos de México, Centroamérica, Sudamérica y Asia que poseen drupas cubiertas con cera, pertenecen al género Morella. ...
... Posteriormente Verdcourt y Polhill (1997) propusieron conservar el nombre genérico de Myrica L. escogiendo como lectotipo a M. cerifera, con la finalidad de evitar que casi 40 especies de Myricaceae tuvieran que cambiar su nombre al transferirlas a Morella; no obstante, dicha propuesta fue rechazada por el Comité para las Espermatofitas (Brummitt, 1999), por lo que el uso de Myrica quedó restringido a dos especies que habitan en los Estados Unidos. Algunas de las transferencias nomenclaturales de Myrica a Morella fueron hechas por Wilbur (1994Wilbur ( , 2001, Parra-O (2001Parra-O ( , 2002, Knapp (2002) y Herbert (2005). Cuando Wilbur (2001) publicó las nuevas combinaciones de cinco especies neotropicales, concluyó que todos los miembros de la familia Myricaceae conocidos de México, Centroamérica, Sudamérica y Asia que poseen drupas cubiertas con cera, pertenecen al género Morella. ...
... This proposal was rejected by the Committee for Spermatophyta, as reported by Brummitt (1999), and recommended retention of Myrica for the temperate deciduous species and referred the tropical evergreen species to Morella. Subsequently, new combinations of names in Morella have been made for most of the tropical species by Killick et al. (1999), Turner (2001), Wilbur (2001), Knapp (2002), Parra-Osorio (2002), Hertbert (2005) and Iturralde & Hidalgo (2011). ...
Myrica integrifolia is the first Myrica sensu lato species described from India by Roxburgh in 1832. The specific identity
of M. integrifolia has been lost due to vague morphological species boundary between M. integrifolia and a closely related
species, M. esculenta (≡ Morella esculenta). A detailed morphological analysis carried out on the living specimens of these
two species which co-occur in Meghalaya, India and their type materials revealed that M. intergrifolia is a distinct taxon.
M. integrifolia is distinguished from M. esculenta by indumenta of twigs, petioles and leaves, colour and micromorphology
of peltate trichomes, staminate and pistillate inflorescences, infructescences and fruit characters. We, therefore, reinstate the
specific status of M. integrifolia and reassign it in the genus Morella. A new combination of name, Morella integrifolia is
thus proposed for M. integrifolia which is also designated with a lectotype and an epitype for the basionym.
... The correct name for this small genus is not Gale, as assumed by Hylander (1945), who mi stakenly thought that Myrica cerifera L. is the type species of Myrica (see Elias, 1971, p. 309), but Myrica, because the type of the genus is actually Myrica gale L. Elias (1971) recognizes sections Gale and Morella as sections of Myrica, but more recent workers have raised these sections to genera. Morella is being recognized by taxonomic workers (Knapp 2002), and in floristic treatments such as Killick et al. (1998) and Goldblatt and Manning (2000). Although in many families , wood features may follow ecological adaptations primarily, and relatively few criteria are present in wood features for generic distinctions, that proves not to be true in Myricaceae. ...
Wood anatomy of the single species of Canacomyrica (hitherto not studied) shows that it belongs in Myricaceae, although it differs from other genera in several respects (axial parenchyma grouped in bands or columns as well as diffuse; Heterogeneous Type I rays; more numerous bars per perforation plate). The latter two features are primitive for the family. The four genera (Canacomyrica. Comptonia, Morella, and Myrica s.s.) differ from each other not only by qualitative features but by quantitative features (feature means in genera mostly non- overl apping). Wood of Comptonia and Myri ca s.s. lacks chambered crystals in axial parenchyma and ray crystals. Wood of Myrica s.s. has tracheids in latewood but fiber-tracheids in earl ywood. Diagnostic generic summaries are presented. Features of Myricaceae such as scalarifom perforation plates, presence of (true) tracheids , ray types , chambered encapsulated crystals in axial parenchyma, and bark anatomy correspond with character states and expressions in Betulaceae, Casuarinaceae, Corylaceae, Juglandaceae (including Rhoipteleaceae), Ticodendraceae and, to a lesser extent, Fagaceae and Nothofagaceae. This grouping of families can be found as Fagales in recent DNA trees. The predominance of tracheids in basal Fagales such as Myricaceae and Ticodendraceae suggests that origin of vasicentric tracheids which occur in combination with libriform fibers in Fagaceae is the product of tracheid dimorphism. Low imperforate tracheid length to vessel element length ratios (FN ratios) in Myricaceae are a probable indication of wood primitiveness. Quantitative vessel features of Myricaceae, as combined in Mesomorphy Ratio values, characterize wood of Myricaceae as a whole, but at the species level such values correspond to respective habitats; notably high vessel density in Comptonia may represent greater conductive safety appropriate to relatively dry habitats.
... Después de la decisión del Comité para Espermatófita, es claro que M. gale debe ser el lectótipo de Myrica y esto debe ser considerado como la solución definitiva a este problema; por lo tanto, los cambios nomenclaturales necesarios deben ser realizados lo más rápido posible. Hasta el momento se han efectuado los cambios nomenclaturales de las especies que crecen en Africa (Killick et al. 1998), Centroamérica y las Antillas (Wilbur 2001, Knapp 2002 y Sudamérica (Parra-O. 2002). ...
Se presenta la revisión taxonómica de la familia Myricaceae para Colombia. Se incluyeinformación sobre los recientes cambios nomenclaturales en la familia según loscuales solamente el género Morella está representado en el país. Se elabora unaclave para diferenciar las especies colombianas, así como las descripciones, lossinónimos, la variación morfológica observada, la distribución geográfica enColombia, los aspectos ecológicos relevantes, las relaciones taxonómicas y losusos dados por el hombre para cada una de estas especies.
The molecular support for current generic concepts in Myricaceae has made it necessary to make new combinations in Morella. Morella comprises approximately 47 species found in the Old and New World tropics. Three new combinations are made here: Morella adenophora, M. nana, and M. punctata. Morella nana is lectotypified, and a new species, M. rivas-martinezii, is described.
Based on collection activities over the past 25 years, a revision of literature, and unpublished materials, an annotated checklist of trees and arborescent species found in and reported from El Salvador, Central America is presented. This is the second of three volumes covering 29 angiosperm plant families (Magnoliaceae to Punicaceae, and Achatocarpaceae) and 3 families of ferns. A total of 289 species and 24 subspecies and varieties are recognised, representing 291 taxa at the most basic rank, of which 205 are native in El Salvador. The checklist includes the correct names, their synonyms as far as they have been in use for Salvadorian taxa, the basionyms, and nomenclatural details for all names cited. Additional data for each taxon include vernacular names, data on local and global distribution, selected information on (potential) utilisation, as well as detailed literature references from works directly referring to the flora of El Salvador as well as a selection of relevant Central American floras. A total of 1682 herbarium collections are cited in this volume, of which 1426 specimens are located - and have been revised - at LAGU and/or B. The introduction provides a summary of collection activities related to the Jardín Botánico La Laguna as well as an introduction to taxonomic inventories in El Salvador.
Phylogenetic relationships among Chinese species of Morella (Myricaceae) are unresolved. Here, we use restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) to identify candidate loci that will help in determining phylogenetic relationships among Morella rubra, M. adenophora, M. nana and M. esculenta. Three methods for inferring phylogeny, maximum parsimony (MP), maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian concordance, were applied to data sets including as many as 4253 RAD loci with 8360 parsimony informative variable sites. All three methods significantly favored the topology of (((M. rubra, M. adenophora), M. nana), M. esculenta). Two species from North America (M. cerifera and M. pensylvanica) were placed as sister to the four Chinese species. According to BEAST analysis, we deduced speciation of M. rubra to be at about the Miocene-Pliocene boundary (5.28 Ma). Intraspecific divergence in M. rubra occurred in the late Pliocene (3.39 Ma). From pooled data, we assembled 29378, 21902 and 23552 de novo contigs with an average length of 229, 234 and 234 bp for M. rubra, M. nana and M. esculenta respectively. The contigs were used to investigate functional classification of RAD tags in a BLASTX search. Additionally, we identified 3808 unlinked SNP sites across the four populations of M. rubra and discovered genes associated with fruit ripening and senescence, fruit quality and disease/defense metabolism based on KEGG database.
Berazaín Iturralde R. & Falcón Hidalgo B.: Two new combinations in Morella (Myricaceae) for species of the Cuban flora. — Willdenowia 41: 113–114. — Online ISSN 1868-6397; © 2011 BGBM Berlin-Dahlem. doi:10.3372/wi.41.41113 (available via http://dx.doi.org/) All Cuban representatives of Myricaceae, formerly treated under Myrica sensu lato, pertain to the segregate genus Morella. For two of the four Cuban species, Myrica cacuminis and M. shaferi, the required combinations do not exist as yet and are validly published here; a lectotype is designated for the latter name.
The preparation of the account of the family Myricaceae for the Flora of Tropical East Africa necessitates a number of new combinations with their transfer to the genus Morella Lour.; D. Killick has made new combinations for the South African species which he revised in 1969. Polhill and Verdcourt have dealt with those which occur only further north. In this way cumbersome authorities have been avoided. Blanket new combinations have not been made for species in floras with which the authors are unfamiliar.
Proposals to conserve or reject. Re-port of the Committee on Spermatophyta
- R K Brummit
Brummit, R. K. 1999. Proposals to conserve or reject. Re-port of the Committee on Spermatophyta. Taxon 48: 367. Burger, W. 1977. Myricaceae. In Flora Costaricensis. Fiel-diana, Bot. 40: 21-27.