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Genera of the Pottiaceae: Mosses of Harsh Environments
... There are 171 character states possible in the Pottiaceae and its segregate Streptotrichaceae [34], including both two-state and multistate characters. The total number of character states represented in the caulogram (Figure 2) is 124, or 73 percent. ...
... Inasmuch as there are maximally only four concatenated microgenera in a lineage, however, one must assume that the loss of 16 traits in the reserve ancestron is made up for by lineage branching (parallel lineage sorting) and by gradual elimination of genuinely non-adaptive traits out of the ca. 171 character states attributed to morphological study of the Pottiaceae [34] including its close segregate, the Streptotrichaceae. The lineages across 88 my are then conservative of adaptive traits and stable. ...
... Caulograms of West Indian genera [2] (p. 34,41) show clearly bursts of speciation apparently still intact after millions of years of existence in this island archipelago [28]. The caulograms are only one or two linked ancestral species in depth, implying that recent geographically restricted genera have changed little since derivation from a globally widespread ultimate ancestor (Neotrichostomum) at the caulogram base. ...
Fractal evolution is apparently effective in selectively preserving environmentally resilient traits for more than 80 million years in Streptotrichaceae (Bryophyta). An analysis simulated maximum destruction of ancestral traits in that large lineage. The constraints enforced were the preservation of newest ancestral traits, and all immediate descendant species obtained different new traits. Maximum character state changes in ancestral traits were 16 percent of all possible traits in any one sub-lineage, or 73 percent total of the entire lineage. Results showed, however, that only four ancestral traits were permanently eliminated in any one lineage or sub-lineage. A lineage maintains maximum biodiversity of temporally and regionally survival-effective traits at minimum expense to resilience across a geologic time of 88 million years for the group studied. Similar processes generating an extant punctuated equilibrium as bursts of about four descendants per genus and one genus per 1–2 epochs are possible in other living groups given similar emergent processes. The mechanism is considered complexity-related, the lineage being a self-organized emergent phenomenon strongly maintained in the ecosphere by natural selection on fractal genera.
... The current concept of Didymodon was established by Saito (1975) and later expanded by Zander (1978). In his excellent monograph of Pottiaceae genera, Zander (1993) proposed a broad circumscription of Didymodon, including related genera previously segregated such as Geheebia Schimp., Trichostomopsis Cardot, and Husnotiella Cardot. This concept of the genus was generally accepted (e.g., Kučera, 2000;Jiménez et al., 2005aJiménez et al., , 2005bAziz & Vohra, 2008;Ochyra et al., 2008;Frey & Stech, 2009), and only a few authors preferred to treat Didymodon, Trichostomopsis, and Husnotiella distinctly (Kürschner, 2000;Cortini-Pedrotti, 2001;Allen, 2002). ...
... The most complete phylogenetic study of Didymodon to date is that of Werner et al. (2005), who included only 27 species mostly represented by single specimens and restricted mainly to Europe. This work, based only on ITS sequences, showed the monophyly of the genus, contrary to the conclusion of Zander (1993) that the genus "is clearly heterogeneous", and supported the inclusion of Geheebia and Trichostomopsis into Didymodon. Furthermore, their results questioned the infrageneric classification proposed by Zander (1993) supporting only the monophyly of the section Asteriscium. ...
... This work, based only on ITS sequences, showed the monophyly of the genus, contrary to the conclusion of Zander (1993) that the genus "is clearly heterogeneous", and supported the inclusion of Geheebia and Trichostomopsis into Didymodon. Furthermore, their results questioned the infrageneric classification proposed by Zander (1993) supporting only the monophyly of the section Asteriscium. However, due to the inclusion of only a few species per infrageneric group, and unique marker and the absence of members of related genera, it remains unclear if the inferred results are reliable or an artifact caused by insufficient taxon sampling. ...
Didymodon s.l. is one of the largest genera in the moss family Pottiaceae, with about 122 species distributed in all continents. This, together with its high degree of morphological variation, has made it one of the taxonomically most challenging genera of Pottiaceae. Circumscription of Didymodon s.l. has been, and still is, controversial. To date, the only molecular study that has investigated the delimitation of the genus has been far from comprehensive (35 samples from 27 species), limited in geographical scope (mainly restricted to Europe), and based exclusively on ITS sequences. To evaluate the circumscription of Didymodon s.l. and its relationships with the allied genera Andinella, Gertrudiella, and Tridontium, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences for three plastid markers (atpB-rbcL, trnG, and trnL-F) and one nuclear locus (ITS) for 335 samples representing 86 species of Didymodon s.l. (ca. 70%), and all taxa of the genera Andinella, Gertrudiella, and Tridontium. Individual markers and concatenated matrices were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches. Our results indicate that Didymodon s.l. is not monophyletic, because Andinella, Gertrudiella, and Tridontium species are nested within it. Species of these four genera can be divided into eight well-supported and morphologically distinct genera: Didymodon s.s., Geheebia, Gertrudiella, Husnotiella, Trichostomopsis, Tridontium, Vinealobryum, and Zanderella. In correspondence with the results presented, 38 new combinations, 10 new synonyms, and a new name are provided for those taxa where required, and lectotypes are designated for 13 names. A diagnostic key to the eight recognized genera is provided.
... inTroducTion Timmiella (De Not.) Limpr. is an haplolepidous genus of mosses placed in the monogeneric subfamily Timmielloideae in family Pottiaceae following Zander (1993). Based on molecular analysis performed by Inoue & Tsubota (2014), Timmiella and Luisierella Thér. ...
... & P. de la Varde were segregated to a separate family Timmiellaceae. The former genus includes ca. 13 species easily recognized by the presence of a welldeveloped central strand in the stem, margin of leaf plane and dentate, laminal cells bistratose at midleaf, adaxially bulging and abaxially flat, and peristomes sinistrorse or straight, when present (Zander, 1993;Inoue & Tsubota, 2014). It is usually found growing on soil or rocks, in arid lands and mountainous areas of North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa (Zander, 1993). ...
... The former genus includes ca. 13 species easily recognized by the presence of a welldeveloped central strand in the stem, margin of leaf plane and dentate, laminal cells bistratose at midleaf, adaxially bulging and abaxially flat, and peristomes sinistrorse or straight, when present (Zander, 1993;Inoue & Tsubota, 2014). It is usually found growing on soil or rocks, in arid lands and mountainous areas of North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa (Zander, 1993). ...
Background and aim: Herbarium specimens were reviewed as part of broader project that deals with the diversity of bryophytes from the Chaco province (Argentina). One of the samples matched the description of Timmiella acaulon, a species poorly known. The aim of this work is to record T. acaulon as new to Chaco Province and to describe morphologically and illustrate in detail this remarkable species. M&M: Herbarium samples were analyzed with standard techniques for bryophytes. Examination with scanning electron microscope was made using samples mounted directly on double-sided tape and coated in gold-palladium. Results: Timmiella acaulon is newly registered for Chaco province. A complete and detailed morphological description, and illustrations are here presented. Conclusions: Due to the rediscovery of the species more than 100 years after its original description, the distribution range of T. acaulon is extended to northeastern Argentina, and details of morphological characters of systematic value are provided.
... This book is written to allow the reader to be comfortable when dealing with to some extent unfamiliar terms (see Zander, 1993Zander, , 2018 and concepts drawn from several commonly quite distinct fields. Math is restricted to simple logarithms and Bayes' formula. ...
... This paper builds on familiarity with the taxa as summarized for systematics (Zander, 1993) and for floristics (Zander, 1994(Zander, , 2007. Trichostomum has long been recognized as a genus including both species T. brachydontium Bruch, the generitype, and T. crispulum Bruch. ...
... This genus is reviewed by Zander (1993). Illustration: Zander (1993: 214). ...
An evolutionary lineage may be analyzed as a complex adaptive system. It cycles through time from monothetic genus to monothetic realized niche, and forward again genus to niche. A genus is a set consisting of an ancestor species and its descendants each with the same ancestron traits. A niche is a physically coherent nexus of convergent species sharing the same novon of a virtual ancestor species (stochastic plus natural selection). Like speciation, nicheation is a complex, fractal process governed by non-linear processes. Superimposition of Turing patterns of separately evolved species may be a process that minimizes negetropic open space. The genus is here taken as the fundamental unit of evolution, tested and modified through interaction with environments oscillating across geological time. Four major modeling methods are used: radiate monothetic genera, NK-parallels of random Boolean networks, oscillations of the logistic map, and fractal dimensions. It is then possible to provide precise measures of resilience in species, genera and higher taxa, including survival-associated traits, changes in traits between and through periodic extinction events, and potential continuation of lineage and ecosystem niche complexity in the future. Systematics, evolution, and niche theory are linked by the same analytic modeling reflecting similar complex processes in speciation and “nicheation.” The model organism is the bryophyte, particularly the moss family Pottiaceae.
... Total species of mosses, including 2013 and 2014 surveys, amount to 42 species of which 20, about half, belong to a single family, the Pottiaceae, a large family of "mosses of harsh environments" (Zander, 1993. Many are ruderal species comprising a prominent component in arid regions to which they've adapted by complex anatomy, diverse morphology, and specific physiology (Zander, 1993). ...
... Total species of mosses, including 2013 and 2014 surveys, amount to 42 species of which 20, about half, belong to a single family, the Pottiaceae, a large family of "mosses of harsh environments" (Zander, 1993. Many are ruderal species comprising a prominent component in arid regions to which they've adapted by complex anatomy, diverse morphology, and specific physiology (Zander, 1993). ...
... Specifically the genus Gemmabryum has four species and is generally weedy plants with a variety of asexual propagules on disturbed soil. All three families are challenging to identify (Zander, 1993Hastings, 2011;Spence, 2014b) and collectively comprise 81% of the moss species across the 2,400 ac. from 2013-2016. ...
ABSTRACT
The target mosses, Aloina bifrons, Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum and the target lichen, Texosporium sancti-jacobi were searched for on nine parcels in the Columbia River Basin of Oregon and Washington managed by the Bureau of Land Management. Surveys using intuitive- controlled meander found Aloina bifrons on two parcels, B. columbianum on six parcels, and Texosporium sancti-jacobi on one parcel. Silusi Butte and the adjacent parcel have the best habitats and most species of bryophytes and lichens. The mosses, Didymodon eckeliae, Gemmabryum gemmilucens, G. vinosum, Tortula protobryoides are apparently new to Washington and a site of T. inermis represents the second record for the state. Noteworthy lichens include Acarospora obpallens, A. rosulata, Rhizocarpon melanconianum. Results continue to support that thin, fine-grain soil and rock support the best diversity of bryophytes and lichens while trampling of cattle and invasive cheatgrass, Bromus tectorum, significantly compromise most areas.
... The Pottiaceae family is already known as the largest family within Bryopsida in terms of genera count (Zander, 1993). Moreover, a majority of Pottiaceae mosses show strong adaptation to harsh environments, specifically arid conditions like those found in open montane areas (Zander, 1993;Gradstein et al., 2001), confirming that significant arid areas of Northern Africa may provide a suitable habitat for the Pottiaceae (Ben Osman et Furthermore, the Orthotrichaceae family is the second most speciesrich family. ...
... The Pottiaceae family is already known as the largest family within Bryopsida in terms of genera count (Zander, 1993). Moreover, a majority of Pottiaceae mosses show strong adaptation to harsh environments, specifically arid conditions like those found in open montane areas (Zander, 1993;Gradstein et al., 2001), confirming that significant arid areas of Northern Africa may provide a suitable habitat for the Pottiaceae (Ben Osman et Furthermore, the Orthotrichaceae family is the second most speciesrich family. All species inventoried within this family in our study area were previously attributed to a single genus, Orthotrichum Hedw. ...
Due to the limited knowledge on bryophytes in Algeria, this study aimed to update the Algerian bryophyte flora. Megriss Mountain (also called Jbel or Djebel Megriss), which is a part of the High Plains of Setif, was chosen as a study area for its interesting biological and landscape diversity. The inventory was carried out in different habitats (rocks, trees, soils and streams). Samples were collected from minimum survey areas of 100 cm2 (from soil and rocks), but the sample area was sometimes increased depending on the availability of species; the trees were mostly sampled between heights of 1 and 2 meters. As a result, a preliminary list of 55 moss species were identified, including 44 acrocarpous and 11 pleurocarpous, belonging to 13 families and 29 genera. The most species-rich families were Pottiaceae, Orthotrichaceae, Brachytheciaceae, and Bryaceae, while the most diverse genera were Lewinskya and Syntrichia. Epilithic mosses were dominant, followed by terricolous mosses and finally epiphytic mosses. The most frequent species in the study area were Orthotrichum diaphanum, Lewinskya acuminate, Didymodon insulanus, Grimmia pulvinata, and Tortella squarrosa. The study also highlights the presence of a new species that had never been recorded in Algeria -Orthotrichum scanicum. A comprehensive description, microphotographs of the species are provided and its ecology is also discussed. This discovery will contribute to the enrichment of the Algerian bryophyte flora in general and of the Orthotrichaceae in particular,within the genus Orthotrichum, which now has a total of 11 species recorded in the country.
... Corley et al. (1981) consideraron este taxon como una especie dudosa y Düll (1984) consideró erróneamente su presencia en Portugal. Más recientemente, Zander (1993) incluyó D. soaresii en su lista general de Pottiaceae como especie presente en el continente europeo. Por todo ello, se torna imprescindible la observación del tipo de D. soaresii para, con los nuevos criterios que vienen siendo utilizados en el estudio de las Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993), intentar estudiar de nuevo la identidad de este musgo y facilitar así nuevas recolecciones en la Península Ibérica. ...
... Más recientemente, Zander (1993) incluyó D. soaresii en su lista general de Pottiaceae como especie presente en el continente europeo. Por todo ello, se torna imprescindible la observación del tipo de D. soaresii para, con los nuevos criterios que vienen siendo utilizados en el estudio de las Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993), intentar estudiar de nuevo la identidad de este musgo y facilitar así nuevas recolecciones en la Península Ibérica. (Sérgio et al. 1998), tuvimos la necesidad de estudiar algún material de las especies que podrían estar confundidas con este último taxón. ...
Como consecuencia de la revisión del material tipo de Didymodon soaresii Luisier se llega a la conclusión de que no se trata de un taxon perteneciente al género Didymodon por lo cual debe ser excluido de este género.
After the revision of material type of Didymodon soaresii Luisier we concluded that this taxon do not belong to genus Didymodon. Therefore it must be excluded of this genus.
... Corley et al. (1981) consideraron este taxon como una especie dudosa y Düll (1984) consideró erróneamente su presencia en Portugal. Más recientemente, Zander (1993) incluyó D. soaresii en su lista general de Pottiaceae como especie presente en el continente europeo. Por todo ello, se torna imprescindible la observación del tipo de D. soaresii para, con los nuevos criterios que vienen siendo utilizados en el estudio de las Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993), intentar estudiar de nuevo la identidad de este musgo y facilitar así nuevas recolecciones en la Península Ibérica. ...
... Más recientemente, Zander (1993) incluyó D. soaresii en su lista general de Pottiaceae como especie presente en el continente europeo. Por todo ello, se torna imprescindible la observación del tipo de D. soaresii para, con los nuevos criterios que vienen siendo utilizados en el estudio de las Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993), intentar estudiar de nuevo la identidad de este musgo y facilitar así nuevas recolecciones en la Península Ibérica. (Sérgio et al. 1998), tuvimos la necesidad de estudiar algún material de las especies que podrían estar confundidas con este último taxón. ...
A raíz del hallazgo de la hepática Mannia fragrans en Olot (Girona), se revisan las muestras de este taxon en España, donde se ha considerado raro. Se constata que las muestras revisadas corresponden a otros taxones y que la única cita cierta es la que corresponde a Olot.
As a result of the find of Mannia fragrans in Olot (Girona), the Spanish specimens of this taxon were revised. The revision shows that the cite from Olot is the only right.
... Corley et al. (1981) consideraron este taxon como una especie dudosa y Düll (1984) consideró erróneamente su presencia en Portugal. Más recientemente, Zander (1993) incluyó D. soaresii en su lista general de Pottiaceae como especie presente en el continente europeo. Por todo ello, se torna imprescindible la observación del tipo de D. soaresii para, con los nuevos criterios que vienen siendo utilizados en el estudio de las Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993), intentar estudiar de nuevo la identidad de este musgo y facilitar así nuevas recolecciones en la Península Ibérica. ...
... Más recientemente, Zander (1993) incluyó D. soaresii en su lista general de Pottiaceae como especie presente en el continente europeo. Por todo ello, se torna imprescindible la observación del tipo de D. soaresii para, con los nuevos criterios que vienen siendo utilizados en el estudio de las Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993), intentar estudiar de nuevo la identidad de este musgo y facilitar así nuevas recolecciones en la Península Ibérica. (Sérgio et al. 1998), tuvimos la necesidad de estudiar algún material de las especies que podrían estar confundidas con este último taxón. ...
La revisión de los especímenes citados en la Península Ibérica de los musgos Drepanocladus sendtneri, Callialaria curvicaulis y Warnstorfia sarmentosa, junto con alguna nueva cita de éste último, nos permite actualizar la distribución de estas especies en el área de estudio.
After revising the cited specimens in the Iberian Peninsula of the mosses Drepanocladus sendtneri, Callialaria curvicaulis and Warnstorfia sarmentosa, new data on their distribution are given.
... In addition, some species of Pottiaceae have ornamentation on the leaf cell surface, such as papillae. The interstices between papillae are necessary to increase water conduction on the leaf surface (Zander 1993;Kou et al. 2014;Glime 2017). Furthermore, they can prevent water loss, making them more successful in a drought. ...
... This substrate was dominated by Pottiaceae, including Hyophila and Barbula. Those genera are common in disturbed areas, such as urban ecosystems (Zander 1993). ...
Bryophytes are nonvascular plants that have simple structures that are sensitive to environmental changes, and they can, therefore be used as indicators of air quality. The presence of bryophytes in disturbed urban ecosystems, such as residential and industrial areas, indicates that their structures have adapted to survive in such areas. The objective of this study was to compare the bryophyte diversity and air quality indices between a residential area and an industrial area in Jakarta. The research was conducted in the Bona Indah residential area in South Jakarta and the Jakarta Industrial Estate Pulogadung (JEIP) urban forest. Sampling was carried out using the transect method in the residential area and the quadratic method in the urban forest on three different substrates, namely rocks or concrete, soil and tree trunks. The percentage of the epiphytic bryophyte cover was measured using a 10 × 10 cm subplot. Voucher specimens were stored at the Herbarium UI DEP and Herbarium IPB. Twenty-one species of moss and three species of liverwort were found in the two locations. Bryophytes were found on all the substrates in the residential area, but in the urban forest, they were found only on tree trunks and rock/cement substrates. Based on the Shannon–Wiener Index, although both locations had moderate bryophyte diversity, the residential area’s bryophyte diversity was higher than that of the urban forest. The index of atmospheric purity in the residential area was 4.3, indicating a high level of pollution, and it was 0.3 in the urban forest, showing that it was also very polluted.
... It is characterized by small size, costa in cross section rounded to semicircular with a single band of stereids, capsule cleistocarpous or stegocarpous, and peristome (when present) generally rudimentary. The species of the genus inhabit temperate and boreal regions of the world, with preference for dry environments (Chamberlain 1978;Zander 1993;Guerra et al. 2006). ...
... The specimens were studied morphologically with the conventional techniques proposed by Zander (1993) for Pottiaceae, using stereoscopic magnifying glass Arcano ST30-2L and optical microscope Arcano XSZ107. The identification was made through the keys of Guerra et al. (2006) and Da Costa (2016). ...
... Akrokarp karayosunu familyası olan Pottiaceae yaklaşık 80 cins ve 1.400'den fazla tür ile briyofitler içerisinde yer alan en büyük familyalardan birisidir (Zander, 1993). Pottiaceae üyelerinin çoğunluğu kurakçıl karakterli habitatlara uyum sağlamış olsa da yarı kurak ve sucul habitatlarda yayılış gösteren taksonları da içermektedir (Inoue ve Tsubota, 2016). ...
... Çalışmanın materyalini 19.11.2022 tarihinde Koramaz Vadisi'ne gerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmaları sırasında toplanan briyofit örnekleri oluşturmaktadır. Örnekler ilgili literatürler kullanılarak teşhis edilmiş olup Prof. Dr. Tülay Ezer'in kişisel koleksiyonunda ve Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Herbaryumunda koruma altına alınmıştır (Zander, 1993;Cortini-Pedrotti 2001, Smith 2004Košnar ve Kučera, 2010;Lüth, 2019;Dihoru, 2020). ...
Bu çalışmada, ilk kaydı Erciyes Dağı’ndan verilen akrokarp karayosunu Tortula lingulata Lindb., Türkiye’den ikinci kez kaydedilmiştir. Avrupa’da nadir olan tür, bir deprem kırığı oluşumu olan Koramaz Vadisi’ndeki (Kayseri), Ağırnas yeraltı şehrinin girişindeki kumtaşı duvar üzerinden toplanmıştır. Avrupa IUCN Kırmızı Listesinde VU (hassas) kategorisinde değerlendirilen Tortula lingulata’nın morfolojik karakterleri fotoğraflarıyla birlikte verilmiş, ekolojisi ve Türkiye’deki yayılışı detaylı olarak anlatılmıştır.
... Three plants were dissected from each collection and, for each shoot, every possible structure from the gametophyte had to be examined and a record kept of what was found for each individual species. Specific morphological and anatomical features of taxonomic importance were assessed mainly following Zander (1993). Leaves were always taken from the upper and middle parts of the stem and cross-sections were made in the middle part of the stem. ...
... Morphologically, the combination of characters: concave leaves, plane leaf margins, percurrent to excurrent costa, seldom papillose laminal cells, costa with quadrate or occasionally short-rectangular superficial adaxial cells and absence of costal adaxial stereid band also suggests the placement of the new species in the emended genus Didymodon s.str. Zander (1978Zander ( , 1993Zander ( , 2013. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of diagnostic features: ovate or ovate-lanceolate leaves that are appressed when dry, acute leaf apex, lamina red or reddish-orange with KOH, unistratose lamina throughout, plane and unistratose leaf margins, percurrent costa with one layer of guide cells and without ventral stereids, upper and middle laminal cells with elliptical papillae over the transverse walls between two immediately adjacent cells and basal laminal cells not differentiated from the median cells. ...
Changbai Mountain, located in northeast China, is one of the areas with the most complete natural ecosystem preservation in China. A new species, Didymodon changbaiensis C.Feng, J.Kou, H.-X. Xiao & T.-T.Wu from north slope of Changbai Mountain in Jilin Province of China is described and illustrated. It is characterised by ovate or ovate-lanceolate leaves that are appressed when dry, acute leaf apex, lamina red or reddish-orange with KOH, unistratose lamina throughout, plane and unistratose leaf margins, percurrent costa with one layer of guide cells and without ventral stereids, upper and middle laminal cells with elliptical papillae over the transverse walls between two immediately adjacent cells and basal laminal cells not differentiated from the median cells. Our morphological analyses and molecular results, based on DNA sequences of ITS, rps 4 and trn M- trn V, confirm that D. changbaiensis is revealed to be sister to D. daqingii J. Kou, R.H. Zander & C. Feng. This new species is compared with similar species and its phylogenetic position and ecology are discussed.
... The family Pottiaceae is the most species-rich lineage of mosses, with more than 1400 widely distributed species across approximately 80 genera (Zander 1993). Globally, this species has adapted to a broad variety of habitat types, including xeric, mesic, and hydric habitats, growing on a variety of substrata, presenting saxicolous, terricolous, and corticolous natures, and employing various life strategies, including perennial, annual, and ephemeral (Inoue and Tsubota 2016). ...
... with Pottiaceae was consistent with the findings of phylogenetic studies based on selected chloroplast and mitochondrial markers (Inoue and Tsubota 2014;Fedosov et al. 2016). The dextrosely arranged operculum cells of D. rhynchostegium (Figure 1(B,C)) also suggested a close relationship with Pottiaceae, whose opercula are often composed of dextrosely arranged cells (Zander 1993). ...
The moss family Pottiaceae is one of the most diverse lineages of the subclass Dicranidae (haplolepideous mosses). Nevertheless, the phylogenetic relationships of Pottiaceae with other Dicranidae families remain unclear. To better understand the ancestral genomic structure and evolution of the Pottiaceae, herein, we present the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of Ditrichum rhynchostegium (Ditrichaceae, Bryophyta). The chloroplast genome is 124,628 bp long and displayed a circular structure composed of a large single-copy region, a small single-copy region, and a pair of inverted repeats. It has 118 genes, including 82 protein-coding genes, 32 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The mitochondrial genome is 106,246 bp long and has a circular structure. It contains 67 genes, including 40 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes, and three rRNA genes. Phylogenetic trees based on the coding sequences strongly support the sister relationship of D. rhynchostegium with all Pottiaceous accessions, and the dextrosely arranged operculum cells suggest its affinity for Pottiaceae. This study also demonstrates that long-read sequencing employing the Nanopore platform facilitates the repair of unassembled or misassembled organellar genomic regions.
... A.Jaeger (reported as Barbula Hedw.), Hymenostomum R. Br Bryoerythrophyllum P.C.Chen is one of cosmopolitan genera of Pottiaceae with the highest species diversity in the Neotropics and East Asia. Currently, approximately 35 species are accepted (e.g., Zander 1993;Feng et al. 2014Feng et al. , 2016Kou et al. 2016;Blockeel et al. 2017;Yang et al. 2018;Jiménez et al. 2019). However, it is interesting that the genus has not been reported in Thailand. ...
... During our bryological excursions in Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, we found an interesting pottiaceous moss with very reddish to brownish-green leaves and producing numerous unicellular, reddish-brown gemmae, on a degraded calcareous substrate in Karst ecosystem at the summit of Doi Chiang Dao Mt. Following careful examination and consult with essential literatures including Li et al. (2001), Fedosov & Ignatova (2008, Zander (1980Zander ( , 1981Zander ( , 1993Zander ( , 1994Zander ( , 2007, and Hugonnot & Chavouteir (2015), the first record of a Bryoerythrophyllum species, B. inaequalifolium (Taylor) R.H.Zander, was confirmed for Thailand. ...
Bryoerythrophyllum inaequalifolium (Taylor) R.H.Zander (Pottiaceae) is reported here as a new genus and species record for Thailand, where it occurs on a degraded calcareous substrate in sub-alpine forest at the summit of Doi Chiang Dao Mt., Chiang Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, Northern Thailand. A description, line drawings, photographs, and SEM micrographs are also provided.
... The examination of moss specimens for diagnosis was conducted using the Leica EZ4 HD Stereo microscope and the Olympus BX50 Light microscope . Various flora and revision works were consulted for the diagnosis of moss specimens (Hedenäs, 1992;Lewinsky, 1993;Zander, 1993;Plášek, et al., 2015;Smith, 2004;Lara et al., 2016;Kürschner and Frey, 2020). During the compilation of plant lists, taxonomic arrangement considering valid names and synonymy status was based on Hodgetts et al. (2020). ...
This study focused on the bryophyte flora of Maltepe University Central Campus, with samples collected between March 2023 and March 2024. Approximately 150 moss samples were collected from the study area, and through taxonomic identification, a total of 42 moss taxa belonging to 10 families and 26 genera were identified. Among these taxa, 19 represent new records for the province of Istanbul.
... If in case of Tortula acaulon/ Phascum cuspidatum (cf. Zander, 1993) an estimation of advanced morphological traits is a matter of classification, in case of the genus Weissia this would affect a species recognition, leading to underestimation of biodiversity. Moreover, topologies where the advanced lineages appeared nested within the polymorphic ancestral species often originate due to various effects, such as hybridization, ILS, etc. ...
... His earlier treatments covered most of the species of the Eastern Holarctic and the Southern Hemisphere, in which he included taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties for the southernmost species of Syntrichia. After Zander (1993) clearly segregated the genus from its relative, Tortula, a new reorganization of Syntrichia began. Experts in this group accepted this genus as such and several new regional taxonomic contributions revisited the status of Syntrichia (Gallego 2005;Mishler 2007). ...
... The breakthrough in the resurrection of Syntrichia from obsolescence came in the late 1980s and early 1990s with Richard H. Zander (1989Zander ( , 1993, who redefined this genus and separated it from the broadly conceived genus Tortula. He distinguished it on the basis of a characteristic combination of features, including brick red KOH reaction of the upper laminal cells, the lack of upper marginal border of narrowly elongate cells and the crescent-shaped to semicircular and prominently convex dorsal stereid band of the costa lacking the differentiated dorsal epidermis. ...
... During the course of a revision of Aloina in South America, about 120 specimens belonging to the genus were studied using the typical anatomical and morphological methods applied in the Pottiaceae (Zander 1993). In addition, most type material of taxa attributed to this genus worldwide was studied. ...
... Araziden toplanan örnekler laboratuvara getirilip, kurutularak herbaryum örneği haline getirilmiştir. Daha sonra klasik yöntemler ile teşhis anahtarları kullanılarak teşhis edilmiştir (Zander, 1993;Smith, 2004;Kürschner ve Frey, 2020 ...
Nevşehir ili sınırları içerisinde “Küçük Kapadokya” olarak adlandırılan alanda yirmi civarında vadi vardır. Binlerce yılda tüf malzemenin su ile aşınması ile oluşan bu vadiler karasal iklim içerisinde kendine has özel bir mikroklimaya sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Kapadokya Bölgesi (Nevşehir) içerisinde yer alan Gomeda Vadisindeki epilitik briyofit vejetasyonu araştırılmıştır. Arazi çalışmaları esnasında vadi içerisindeki kayalar üzerinden 30 örneklik alan belirlenmiş ve bu örneklik alanların değerlendirilmesiyle Lewinskya rupestris-Grimmia pulvinata, Grimmia crinita-Grimmia pulvinata ve Grimmia anadon-Grimmia pulvinata olmak üzere üç epilitik komunite ve 30 karayosunu taksonu tespit edilmiştir. Kayalar üzerindeki örneklik alanlarının nümerik analizleri için PAST (PAleontological STatistics) programında yer alan CA (Cluster Analysis), CoA (Correspondance Analysis) ve PCA (Principal Component Analysis) metotları kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda komunitelerin içerisindeki taksonların tekerrür sayısına göre komunitelerin bağlı olduğu sınıf, ordo ve alyansda tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca komunitelerin hayat formu ve yaşam stratejisi analizleri yapılarak epilitik substrat ve mikroiklimle ilişkileri de araştırılmıştır.
... Henderson (1961) (2000)'e göre yapılmıştır. Briyofit örneklerinin teşhisinde çeşitli flora ve revizyon eserlerinden yararlanılmıştır (Hedenäs, 1992;Lewinsky, 1993;Zander, 1993;Plášek ve ark., 2015;Smith, 2004 5 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,0 1,4 1,4 1,6 1,0 1,0 1,4 1,2 1,1 1,2 1,8 1,3 1,8 1,0 1,4 1 ...
Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi ve Üniversite Kampüs Alanlarında ilk kez yapılan bu briyososyolojik çalışmada, Fırat Üniversitesi Merkez Kampüsünde bulunan Ulmus minor ağaçlarının epifitik briyofit vejetasyonu araştırılmıştır. 2021 yılının farklı vejetasyon dönemlerinde, ağaç gövdelerinden alınan örneklik alanların, klasik Braun-Blanquet metodu kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi sonucunda; Orthotrichetum pumili Türkiye’den ikinci kez kaydedilmiştir. Ayrıca, örneklik alanlar içerisinde tespit edilen taksonlardan 3’ü B9 karesi ve Elazığ ili için yenidir. Tespit edilen sintakson, ekolojik ve floristik açıdan analiz edilmiştir.
... The determination of the associations was carried out via comparison with related associations in Marstaller (2006) and classified with the aid of published studies. Other floras, monographs and revisions were used for the identification of the bryophyte samples (Zander 1993;Paton 1999;Cortini Pedrotti 2001, 2006Heyn & Herrnstadt 2004;Smith 2004;Frey et al. 2006;Guerra et al. 2006Guerra et al. , 2010Guerra et al. , 2014Guerra et al. , 2018Brugués et al. 2007;Casas et al. 2009;Kürschner & Frey 2011;Plášek et al. 2015;Lara et al. 2016). The ecological preferences of the species were taken from Dierssen (2001). ...
The epiphytic bryophyte vegetation of the Kümbet Plateau (Dereli-Giresun) was
investigated. A total of 40 relevés taken from tree trunks in different vegetation
periods of the year 2019 were analysed using multivariate analysis methods such
as detrended correspondence analysis (DECORANA) and two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), and the Braun-Blanquet method was also applied. As a
result, Frullanio tamarisci-Neckeretum pumilae Alataş, Ezer, Batan & Erata ass. nov.
and Frullanio tamarisci-Neckeretum pumilae-isothecietosum alopecuroidis Alataş,
Ezer, Batan & Erata subass. nov. were described as new syntaxa from Turkey. In
addition, Ulotetum crispae -sanionietosum uncinatae was recorded for the first time
from Turkey, while Ulotetum crispae was recorded for the second time from Turkey. These syntaxa were analysed in terms of their ecological and floristic aspects.
... 1993. First synonymized byZander (1993). ...
... The family Pottiaceae, so characteristic of dry climates, is well represented in the Perth region and in other parts of the State. Zander (1993) provided an extensive monographic revision of the family. Typically, the leaf lamina cells are papillose, but some species may lack papillae. ...
... Se llevó a cabo un análisis morfológico de los especímenes mediante técnicas convencionales para el estudio de la familia Pottiaceae (Zander, 1993) utilizando lupa estereoscópica Arcano ZTX-T y microscopio óptico Arcano XSZ107. ...
The genus Anaschisma includes four species in America, of which, A. lilliputanum is recorded for the first time to the Argentina. The specimens were analyzed morphologically using conventional techniques for Pottiaceae (Bryophyta). A distribution map of the genus, description and illustration in SEM and LM of the species are provided. Comments and differences between this taxon and A. schiavoneae from Argentina are presented.
... Bryophyte specimens for the present study were collected from various habitats and substrates at 35 localities of the study area, in different vegetation periods between March 2019 and December 2021 ( Table 1). Localities of bryophyte specimens are given in Fig. 4. Bryophyte specimens were identified using various floras, revisions and monograph studies (Frey & Kürschner 1991;Lewinsky 1993;Zander 1993;Sharp & al. 1994;Frey & al. 1995;Bloom 1996;Paton 1999;Muñoz & Pando 2000;Erdağ & Kürschner 2002;Smith 2004;Cortini Pedrotti 2001Ignatova & Muñoz 2004;Guerra & al. 2006;Brugués & al. 2007;Allen 1994Allen , 2004Allen , 2010Allen , 2018Lara & al. 2009;Erdağ & Kürschner 2009a, 2009bLara & al. 2010;Erdağ & Kürschner 2011;Orgaz & al. 2011Orgaz & al. , 2012Orgaz & al. , 2013Plášek & al. 2015;Lara & al. 2016;Fedosov & al. 2017;Özenoğlu & al. 2019;Kürschner & Frey 2020). The taxonomic status and nomenclature in the floristic list followed Hodgetts & al. (2020). ...
... The cosmopolitan moss family Pottiaceae Schimp. is by far the most species-rich moss lineage with more than 1400 species falling under 76 genera, comprising more than 10% of the species known from the entire world (Frey and Stech 2009). The members of this family form a conspicuous portion of the vegetation of ruderal, arid land, alpine or arctic areas and grow on various substrates (Zander 1993). Due to its high diversity, the taxonomy of this family and its constituent genera is very complicated which can be visualized by the fact that its generic circumscription has been the subject of continued debate since the late 19th century which persisted into the 20th century. ...
... On the North American continent, the species was previously recorded only in the southwestern part of the USA, particularly in California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, Colorado (Delgadillo 1975 (Zander 1993). The occurrence of the species in Alaska has not been previously reported, but it was expected based on bioclimatic modelling of its distribution (Sandanov & Pisarenko 2018). ...
Plášek, V., Dřevojan, P., Kučera, J. & Chytrý, M. 2022. Three species new to the moss flora of Alaska. – Herzogia 35: 675 – 681.
Three moss species – Crossidium squamiferum, Didymodon tectorum and Loeskeobryum brevirostre – have been recorded as new to the Alaskan bryoflora. A brief description of the species and their ecology is given.
Plášek, V., Dřevojan, P., Kučera, J. & Chytrý, M. 2022. Drei neue Arten für die Moosflora von Alaska. – Herzogia 35: 675 – 681.
Drei Moose – Crossidium squamiferum, Didymodon tectorum und Loeskeobryum brevirostre – werden als neue Arten für die Bryoflora von Alaska gemeldet. Eine kurze Beschreibung der Arten und ihrer Ökologie wird bereitgestellt.
... Finally, the Australian and New Zealand plants once determined as Syntrichia pygmaea (Zander 1993;Streimann 1997;Streimann & Klanzenga 2002) are definitely distinct from South American and Antarctic ones, as also supported by the genetic data (Saługa et al. 2022). Actually, they represent a separate species which was originally described from New Zealand as Tortula abruptinervis Dixon (Dixon 1923), which was subsequently considered identical to S. pygmaea by Zander (1993: p. 267) who also intended to transfer this species to Syntrichia but the relevant new combination was not validly published because the basionym was not cited. ...
Taxonomic implications of the phylogeographic studies based on multilocus sequencing of nuclear and chloroplast DNA regions of Syntrichia sarconeurum, long considered to be Antarctic endemic moss species, are summarised. Molecular analyses confirmed the conspecificity of Syntrichia sarconeurum with S. lithophila and S. pygmaea. This taxonomic conclusion implies that the correct name for the species in the genus Syntrichia is S. lithophila and S. sarconeurum is a new synonym of this name. It is because S. sarconeurum takes priority from 2007, whereas S. lithophila is based on Tortula lithophila which was validly published in 1906 and it is the next earliest legitimate name at the rank of species to be used. Syntrichia sarconeurum, as traditionally conceived, proved to be a heterogeneous taxon actually consisting of two distinct species, namely S. lithophila and S. frigorideserticola nom. nov., which is a new name for Sarconeurum antarcticum whose epithet is not available in Syntri-chia. Australian and New Zealand plants of Syntrichia with propaguloid leaf apices are definitely distinct from South American and Antarctic S. lithophila and S. frigorideser-ticola and the correct name for them is S. abruptinervis comb. nov., based on Tortula abruptinervis.
The extensive sampling of the bryophytic flora of the Izarène massif, region of the city of Ouezzane in Moroccan North-West, revealed the presence of two new taxafor the Moroccan bryoflora. These are Amblystegium radical and Gymnostomum aeruginosum var.aeruginous, which belong to the Amblystegiaceae and Pottiaceae families, respectively. With illustrations, the site and the two taxa are described, as well as their distribution and ecology.
Bu çalışmada, Fırat Üniversitesi Merkez Kampüsünün Karayosunu Florası araştırılmıştır. 2021 ve 2023 yıllarının farklı vejetasyon dönemlerinde, araştırma alanından toplanan karayosunu örneklerinin teşhis edilmesi sonucunda 8 familya ve 19 cinse ait 37 takson tespit edilmiştir. Bu taksonlardan 11 tanesi Elazığ ili, 6 tanesi ise Henderson (1961) kareleme sistemine göre B9 karesi için yeni kayıttır. Takson sayısı bakımından en zengin familyalar Pottiaceae (17), Bryaceae (6) ve Orthotrichaceae (5)’dir. Ayrıca, floristik listedeki taksonların çoğunun; kserofit (kurak), fotofit (ışık seven) ve subnötrofit (yarı nötral) karakterde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Mosses synthesize and preserve a diverse array of secondary metabolites which play a pivotal role in enhancing plant adaptability to environmental fluctuations. These compounds manage reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevent the uncontrolled oxidation of essential biomolecules. Despite numerous studies highlighting the antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and insecticidal properties of mosses, the antioxidant capacity of mosses remained relatively understudied, with existing research findings dispersed. This investigation aims to evaluate the antioxidant potential and pigment composition of apical green and basal brown leaves of seven species belonging to one of the stress tolerant moss family i.e. Pottiaceae, collected from semi-arid regions of Rajasthan. Remarkable variations in enzymatic responses and chlorophyll concentration were noted among different taxa within the family. The apical green leaves of Hydrogonium consanguineum exhibited the highest superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, whereas Didymodon vinealis and Hyophila involuta displayed significantly elevated levels of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), respectively. While previous studies have explored antioxidant activity in various plant parts of angiosperms, such as roots, mature leaves, young leaves, flowers, and fruits, no comparable research has been conducted on moss species within a single family, particularly evaluating apical green and basal brown leaves. Our findings suggest that in contrast to brown leaves, green leaves possess higher antioxidant activity. However, further research is imperative to comprehensively comprehend the antioxidant capacities and active metabolites of the examined moss species.
Durante los trabajos de campo llevados a cabo en Mallorca durante la XVII Reunión de Briología organizada por la Sociedad Española de Briología se recogieron 126 briófitos (110 musgos y 11 hepáticas). Nueve de ellos constituyen novedades para las islas Baleares: Aschisma carniolicum, Bryum gemmilucens, Crossidium laevipilum, Didymodon sicculus, Gongylanthus ericetorum, Gymnostomum lanceolatum, Orthotrichum cupulatum var. riparium, Pterygoneurum sampaianum y Weissia condensa var. armata. Además, se amplía la distribución geográfica en la isla de algunas especies raras o escasamente recolectadas.
From the field work carried out in Mallorca, during the 17th meeting of the Sociedad Española de Briología (SEB), 126 taxa of bryophytes (110 mosses and 11 liverworts) are reported. Nine of them are new records for the Balearic Islands: Aschisma carniolicum, Bryum gemmilucens, Crossidium laevipilum, Didymodon sicculus, Gongylanthus ericetorum, Gymnostomum lanceolatum, Orthotrichum cupulatum var. riparium, Pterygoneurum sampaianum, and Weissia condensa var. armata. Also, the geographical range of some rare or poorly collected species is extended within the island.
Se ha estudiado la flora briofítica de la región de Los Serranos region (NW de la Comunidad Valenciana, E de España). Se ha encontrado 187 táxones, 165 musgos y 22 hepáticas. Los táxones más destacados son: Didymodon umbrosus, Didymodon rigidulus var. icmadophyllus, Pterygoneurum crossidioides, Syntrichia calcicola, Syntrichia caninervis var. gypsophila, Schistidium agassizii, Schistidium atrofuscum, Schistidium robustum, Schistidium singarense, Orthotrichum vittii y Riccia crozalsii.
The bryophytic flora of Los Serranos region (NW Valencian County, East of Spain) is studied. 187 taxa are listed, 165 mosses and 22 liverworts. The more remarkable taxa are: Didymodon umbrosus, Didymodon rigidulus var. icmadophyllus, Pterygoneurum crossidioides, Syntrichia calcicola, Syntrichia caninervis var. gypsophila, Schistidium agassizii, Schistidium atrofuscum, Schistidium robustum, Schistidium singarense, Orthotrichum vittii, and Riccia crozalsii.
Los ambientes urbanos albergan una riqueza significativa de briófitos. Estas
plantas no vasculares pueden colonizar cualquier tipo de sustrato presente en las
ciudades como suelo, roca, cortezas de árboles y arbustos, hojas vivas, materiales
rocosos presentes en el ladrillo, estructuras de edificaciones y concreto. Durante
esta investigación se estudiaron los musgos, hepáticas y antocerotes que habitan
el campus de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, sede Tunja
(Boyacá). Para ello, se realizaron muestreos sobre los sustratos artificiales,
propios de la infraestructura y sustratos naturales presentes en áreas verdes y
bosques plantados en el área de estudio. Con los datos obtenidos se analizó la
riqueza y composición de las briofitas, la especificidad de sustrato y la interacción
de forófitos vs. briófitos. El estudio permitió reconocer un total de 80 especies y
demostró que el sustrato que concentró la mayor cantidad de briófitos fue el
suelo, seguido por las cortezas de los árboles y la materia orgánica en
descomposición, siendo el sustrato suelo exclusivo para los antocerotes. Los
forófitos con más riqueza de especies de musgos y hepáticas correspondieron a
Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth y Pittosporum undulatum Vent. Se reportan las
especies Bryum coronatum Schwägr., Fabronia jamesonii Taylor, Frullania
sphaerocephala Spruce y Streptopogon cavifolius Mitt. como registros nuevos
para el departamento de Boyacá.
Anoectangium radulans is described as new to science from a collection on a rock face in Jalisco, Mexico. The species is quite distinctive in leaf shape, corrugated surface of leaves, and presence of rhizoidal brood bodies of serially connected barrel-shaped cells. The genus Anoectangium now includes seven well-characterized species.
Mosses are particularly susceptible to climate change owing to their close biological and ecological associations with climatic conditions. However, there is a limited understanding of the changes in distribution patterns of the moss species in forest ecosystems under climate change, especially in mosses with narrow ranges. Therefore, we reconstructed historical, simulated present, and predicted future potential distribution patterns of Didymodon validus, a narrow-range moss species in the forest ecosystem, using the MaxEnt model. The aim of this study was to explore its unique suitable habitat preference, the key environmental factors affecting its distribution, and the distributional changes of D. validus under climate change at a long spatial-time scale. Our findings indicate that the most suitable locations for D. validus are situated in high-altitude regions of southwestern China. Elevation and mean temperature in the wettest quarter were identified as key factors influencing D. validus distribution patterns. Our predictions showed that despite the dramatic climatic and spatial changes over a long period of time, the range of D. validus was not radically altered. From the Last Interglacial (LIG) to the future, the area of the highly suitable habitat of D. validus accounted for only 15.3%–16.4% of the total area, and there were weak dynamic differences in D. validus at different climate stages. Under the same climate scenarios, the area loss of suitable habitat is mainly concentrated in the northern and eastern parts of the current habitat, while it may increase in the southern and eastern margins. In future climate scenarios, the distribution core zone of suitable habitat will shift to the southwest for a short distance. Even under the conditions of future climate warming, this species may still exist both in the arid and humid regions of the QTP in China. In summary, D. validus showed cold and drought resistance. Our study provides important insights and support for understanding the impact of climate change on the distribution of D. validus, as well as its future distribution and protection strategies.
We present a first treatment of the Tortella tortuosa complex for Europe. We analysed molecular relationships based on the nuclear ITS and the plastid atpB-rbcL and rps4 in a network context and thereafter characterized the identified entities by their morphology. We found eight morphologically and molecularly distinct entities at the species level, which are also supported in ASAP analyses of the molecular data; one species includes two varieties. In some cases, nuclear and plastid data suggest different relationships and we found a few likely recent hybrid collections. To the main characters of taxonomic importance belong stem anatomy, leaf shape and papillosity. We describe three species as new: T. commutata (a widespread plant; including the new var. valida), T. dolomitica (known only from the Alps) and T. splendida (an Arctic-alpine element), replacing T. arctica auct. For T. angustifolia and T. robusta (both montane) new combinations at the species level are provided. Tortella bambergeri (a submediterranean element), T. fleischeri (an Alpine element, recurring in Scotland) and T. tortuosa s. str. (widespread) complete this informal group of morphologically similar and partly related species. The species differ in ecological requirements and distribution areas, although mixed stands of two or three species are frequent. The area richest in species in Europe is the Alps with all eight species, whereas we found only four from Scandinavia.
We studied the bryophyte species richness and micro-habitat occupancy in a mixed oak-conifer forest (2100-2600 m) at Naina Peak, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. The north-facing mesic site of the forest supported a greater diversity of bryophytes than that of the south-facing drier site. Altogether 146 species of bryophytes including 16 thalloid, 15 leafy liverworts, 2 hornworts and 113 mosses belonging to 48 families were documented. Amongst hepatics, leafy forms particularly the members of Frullaniaceae were found dominant over thalloid liverworts. The forest was found to support the dominant growth of acrocarpous mosses (57) followed by pleurocarpous (56). Amongst acrocarpous, the family Pottiaceae was recorded as predominant followed by the members of the pleurocarpous family Brachytheciaceae. The bryophyte species and communities associated with oak phorophytes were found to be richer and more abundant than that of the coniferous ones. Interestingly, 21 species of both liverworts and mosses turned out to be gemmiferous.
Two new species of Ephemerum from Rwanda (E. rwandense) and Gabon (E. pocsii) are described. The identity of Ephemerum pechuelii is discussed. As the type is missing, the species can not be defined with high confidence. According to the protologue, the species has rather wide leaves with entire margin that are hardly recurved. A key to all species of Ephemerum from Africa is provided.
The mastery of the development cycle of a project, especially in software development, has become a need and an unavoidable necessity to produce a deliverable with value. Thus, to satisfy the requirements of users who have become more volatile. In this regard, the Agile manifesto, or Manifesto for Agile software development, has been proposed to bring increased flexibility and pragmatism to the delivered products by giving values and fundamental principles to revolutionize software development processes incrementally, but without handling the technical framework of their productions.So, our defiance in this paper is to add a technical framework to agile software development processes by proposing a user stories’ meta-model driven method in the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) approach. This approach will lead us to put the models and their meta-models at the center of the development process of any software system to facilitate the development process based on the construction and the transformation of models tasks in the Agile context.KeywordsUser StoryMeta-modelModel Driven Architecture (MDA)Agile
COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The entry of a virus into human cells is a critical phase in its infection. The binding of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 ACE2, an enzyme found on the surface of human cells, initiates the infection. Online software tools that overlay the three-dimensional structures of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, address the problem of structure superposition by overlaying the ACE2 and spike complexes of the first protein on those of the second protein.In this work, overlaying the three-dimensional structures of viruses was addressed by superimposing ACE2 and then applying the resulting transformation from this superposition to the spike. Finally, the root mean square deviation RMSD was calculated. We used the discrete to continuous DTC algorithm to align the 3D structures; the results from the DTC were compared to the results from TopMatch and SuperPose, which are online tools for aligning 3D structures. The obtained results prove that aligning each structure then combining them is the most suitable approach for properly studying the structural evolution of SARS-CoV-2.KeywordsStructure alignment algorithmDiscrete To ContinuousTopMatchSuperPoseCoronavirusesSARSCov2
The Tazekka National Park, in the Moroccan Middle Atlas, offers a great diversity of flora and fauna that has been the subject of much research. However, bryophytes are the least studied in the area. In this context, the present study aims to establish an exhaustive inventory of the bryoflora of the park. Sampling was carried out along altitudinal transects, taking into consideration 10 stations spread over the entire massif, making a total of 112 records, and the period of collection was spread over two years. The exploration of the park revealed the existence of 112 taxa belonging to 100 mosses, 10 liverworts and 2 hornworts distributed over 32 families and 66 genera. The Pottiaceae family is predominant (26 species). The present study has enabled us to enrich the Moroccan bryoflora with five newly observed taxa: Anomodon attenuatus, Amblystegium serpens, Didymodon nicholsonii, Orthothecium intricatum and Stegonia latifolia var. Latifolia. Moreover, we note the predominance of acrocarpous mosses over pleurocarps, and a dominance of terricolous mosses over the other habitat types. The level of abundance of the species is variable depending on the environmental conditions of the station, showing that two liverworts are dominant and the most widely distributed in this area (Lunularia cruciata and Targonia hypophylla) and four epiphytes belonging to Orthotrichum are very dominant in an only station. This study clarifies the bryological component of the park's ecosystems. This is not without interest considering the role of these plants in the equilibrium of the environments.KeywordChecklistBiodiversityBryophytesIndex IESTazekka massifMoroccoNew records
Substance abuse, such as drinking alcohol, leads to mental diseases and causes severe, irreversible and chronic impairment of vital organs. The effectiveness of conventional screening methods, such as questionnaires, among patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) is limited due to the subjectivity inherent in these methods. There is a major need for reliable, efficient, and objective procedures for AUD diagnosis. AUD affects human brain health and significantly influences brain waves. The alteration in brain waves related to alcohol consumption may be determined by analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. In the context of studying brain signal modifications linked to alcohol consumption, this paper presents a novel method based on the “Discrete To Continuous” (DTC) approach to select the most relevant and accurate alcoholic EEG signals recorded from 64 channels using a publicly available dataset. Such a dataset’s dimension needs a lot of computation time and memory performance. Our approach was compared to the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm. The results of the DTC and DTW approaches are compatible. The findings of our study give promising results regarding the identification of the most significant channels to determine alcoholism anomalies. Thus, our method will overcome time complexity and memory performance issues in the classification process of EEG signals.Keywordsalignment algorithmDiscrete to ContinuousElectroencephalographyAlcoholism
The Fırtına Valley forests are of the 100 forests in the world whose conservation is a priority due to the
natural old forests they have. In this study, the epiphytic bryophyte vegetation of the Buxus sempervirens
L. forests located in the Fırtına Valley (Rize, Northern Turkey), which is one of the nine hotspots in
Turkey and Turkey’s only boxwood forest, was investigated. The relevés taken from living tree trunks
in 2020 were analyzed according to the Braun-Blanquet methodology, and ordinated and classified
using the Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DECORANA) and the Two-Way Indicator Species
Analysis (TWINSPAN). As a result of the analyses, Exsertotheco crispae-Allenielletum besseri ass. nov.
subass. typicum and leucodontetosum sciuroidis subass. nov., and Alleniello besseri-Palamocladietum
euchloronis ass. nov. were described and characterized. All syntaxa were presented by analyzing them
in terms of their ecological and floristic classifications.
Syntrichia relies on external water conduction for photosynthesis, survival, and reproduction, a condition referred to as ectohydry. Capillarity spaces are abundant in Syntrichia, but the link between function and morphology is complex. The aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of species-specific morphological traits underlying functions of water conduction and storage. We used an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and confocal microscopy for observing anatomical characters in the leaves of Syntrichia species. We also measured hydration/dehydration curves to understand the rate of conduction and dehydration by experimental approaches. Syntrichia is an ectohydric moss that can externally transport and store water from the base of the stem using capillary action. We propose a new framework to study ectohydric capabilities, which incorporates three morphological scales and the timing of going from completely dehydrated to fully hydrated. Characters of interest in this model include: cell anatomy (papillae development, hyaline basal cells, and laminar cells), architecture of the stem (concavity and orientation), and whole clump characteristics (density of stems). We report significant variation in the speed of conduction, water holding capacity, and hydration associated with each species studied (11 in total). All Syntrichia species are capable of external water conduction and storage, but the relevant traits differ among species. These results help to understand potential evolutionary and ecological tradeoffs among speed of water conduction, water holding capacity, ontogeny, and differing habitat requirements. An integrative view of ectohydry in Syntrichia contributes to understanding the water relationships of mosses.
AbstrakPermukiman merupakan salah satu ruang terbuka hijau (RTH) yang terdapat di daerah urban, khususnya Jakarta. Salah satu kelompok tumbuhan yang ditemui pada RTH tersebut adalah lumut. Keberadaan lumut di permukiman urban menunjukkan adanya kemampuan lumut untuk bertahan pada lingkungan yang terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui spesies lumut serta karakteristik lumut di salah satu permukiman Jakarta Selatan. Lumut dikoleksi dengan metode transect-line pada 6 titik tepi jalan dan jelajah bebas pada 3 taman di permukiman tersebut Jakarta Selatan. Pengamatan karakteristik morfologi dan anatomi lumut dilakukan dengan penilaian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 2 divisi lumut, yaitu Bryophyta (lumut sejati) dan Marchantiophyta (lumut hati) di lokasi penelitian. Bryophyta terdiri dari 6 famili, 9 genus, dan 16 spesies. Sementara itu, Marchantiophyta terdiri dari 2 famili, 2 genus, dan 3 spesies. Pottiaceae merupakan famili dengan jumlah spesies terbanyak ditemukan, yaitu 5 spesies. Fissidens biformis adalah spesies dengan jumlah sampel terbanyak. Lumut tersebut ditemukan pada substrat tanah, batu, dan batang pohon. Kisaran luas tutupan lumut yang ditemukan yaitu 2–100%. Karakteristik seperti ukuran tubuh yang kecil, bentuk hidup, bentuk daun, ornamentasi pada permukaan daun, modifikasi sel daun, serta keberadaan sporofit atau gemma diduga mendukung lumut beradaptasi di lingkungan urban.AbstractSettlement is one of urban green open spaces in Jakarta. One of the plant groups found in the open green spaces is the bryophytes. The presence of bryophytes in the settlement areas indicates the ability of bryophytes to survive in a disturbed environment. This study aims to determine bryophytes species and their characteristic in the settlements area of South Jakarta. Bryophyte collected by transect-line at 6 sites of roadside and broad survey at 3 sites of park. The morphological and anatomical characteristics were observed with qualitative and quantitative assessments. Mosses and liverworts are groups that found in study sites. The mosses consists of 6 families, 9 genera, and 16 species. Meanwhile, the liverworts consists of 2 families, 2 genera, and 3 species. Pottiaceae is has the highest species richness in the location. Meanwhile the highest number of samples was Fissidens biformis. The bryophytes were attached in the soil, rock, and tree trunk. The coverage of bryophyte is about 2–100%. Characteristics such as small body size, life-forms, leaf shape, the ornamentation on the leaf surface, modified leaf cells, and the presence of sporophyte or gemmae are thought to support the adaptation of bryophyte in urban environments.
Çalışma kapsamında 2012-2013 yıllarında farklı
mevsimlerde yapılan arazi çalışmalarında 15 istasyondan toplanan ± 200 karayosunu
örneği değerlendirilerek 31 familya ya ait 63 cins ve bunlara ait 126 takson (tür ve tür altı)
tanımlanmıştır. Bunlardan iki taksonun (Plagiothecium neckeroideum Schimp. ve
Thamnobryum neckeroides (Hook.) E. Lawton) Türkiye için kaydı ilk kez verilmektedir.
Brachythecium capillaceum (F.Weber & D.Mohr) Giacom.’un ise ikinci kez kaydı
verilmektedir. Bunlara ek olarak, Henderson (1961)’un Türkiye Kareleme Sistemi’ne göre
42 takson (tür ve tür altı) A3 karesi ve 14 takson (tür ve tür altı) A4 karesi için yenidir.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.