Review of the Chinese species of the genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)

Abstract

The Chinese species of the genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 are revised and diagnosed. Five new species are described: Coelostoma bifidum sp. nov. (Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong), C. hajeki sp. nov. (Guangdong, Guangxi), C. hongkongense sp. nov. (Hong Kong), C. huangi sp. nov. (Guangxi, Jiangxi), and C. gentilii sp. nov. (Xizang). Coelostoma coomani Orchymont, 1932, C. orbiculare (Fabricius, 1775) and C. vividum Orchymont, 1936 are reported for the first time from China. Coelostoma sulcatum Pu, 1963, syn. nov. is synonymized with C. stultum (Walker, 1858). Additional faunistic data from China are provided for C. phallicum Orchymont, 1940, C. vagum Orchymont, 1940, C. turnai Hebauer, 2006, C. wui Orchymont, 1940, C. stultum (Walker, 1858), C. vitalisi Orchymont, 1923, C. fallaciosum Orchymont, 1936 and C. horni (Régimbart, 1920). Coelostoma fabricii (Montrouzier, 1860) is not considered as member of Chinese fauna as all previous records are dubious and no new material was found during our study. The distribution of C. horni in China is discussed in
detail, with records from Hong Kong here considered dubious. An updated identification key to the Chinese species of Coelostoma is provided.

Full text

354
Accepted by A. Short: 29 Oct. 2014; published: 25 Nov. 2014
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Article
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http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ABD688ED-D7F6-40F1-8821-0C339293A2A5
Review of the Chinese species of the genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835
(Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)
FENGLONG JIA
1,5
, PAUL ASTON
2
&
MARTIN FIKÁČEK
3, 4
1
Institute of Entomology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.
E-mail: lssjfl@mail.sysu.edu.cn; fenglongjia@alilyun.com
2
2F, 102 Wang Tong, Mui Wo, Lantau, Hong Kong S.A.R., China. E-mail: paulaston70@hotmail.com
3
Department of Entomology, National Museum, Kunratice 1, CZ-148 00 Praha 4, Czech Republic. E-mail: mfikacek@gmail.com
4
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic
5
Corresponding author
Abstract
The Chinese species of the genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 are revised and diagnosed. Five new species are described:
Coelostoma bifidum sp. nov. (Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong), C. hajeki sp. nov. (Guangdong, Guangxi), C. hongkon-
gense sp. nov. (Hong Kong), C. huangi sp. nov. (Guangxi, Jiangxi), and C. gentilii sp. nov. (Xizang). Coelostoma coomani
Orchymont, 1932, C. orbiculare (Fabricius, 1775) and C. vividum Orchymont, 1936 are reported for the first time from Chi-
na. Coelostoma sulcatum Pu, 1963, syn. nov. is synonymized with C. stultum (Walker, 1858). Additional faunistic data
from China are provided for C. phallicum Orchymont, 1940, C. vagum Orchymont, 1940, C. turnai Hebauer, 2006, C. wui
Orchymont, 1940, C. stultum (Walker, 1858), C. vitalisi Orchymont, 1923, C. fallaciosum Orchymont, 1936 and C. horni
(Régimbart, 1920). Coelostoma fabricii (Montrouzier, 1860) is not considered as member of Chinese fauna as all previous
records are dubious and no new material was found during our study. The distribution of C. horni in China is discussed in
detail, with records from Hong Kong here considered dubious. An updated identification key to the Chinese species of
Coelostoma is provided.
Key words: Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae, Coelostomatini, Coelostoma, Lachnocoelostoma, Holocoelostoma, taxonomy,
new species, new synonym, China
Introduction
The water scavenger beetle genus Coelostoma Brullé, 1835 currently contains 104 described species, representing
one of the most diverse genera of Hydrophilidae (Hansen 1999, Short & Hebauer 2006, Short & Fikáček 2011).
The genus is distributed solely in the eastern hemisphere, with most species occuring in the Oriental and
Afrotropical regions. Three species, C. orbiculare (Fabricius, 1775), C. hispanicum (Küster, 1848), and C.
syriacum Orchymont, 1936, are only distributed in the Palearctic Region; an additional species, C. stultum (Walker,
1858), is widespread in the Oriental Region but also reaches the Palearctic Region. Two species, C. afflatum
Knisch, 1922 and C. fabricii (Montrouzier, 1860), occurs in the Australian Region. In the Nearctic and Neotropical
regions, Coelostoma is replaced by the genera Phaenonotum Sharp, 1882 and Phaenostoma Orchymont, 1937
(e.g., Gustafson & Short 2010, Deler-Hernández et al. 2013, Clarkson et al. 2014). The fauna of the Oriental
Region was partly revised by Orchymont (1936) and Mouchamps (1958), but the genus was never revised as a
whole. Since 1958, only nine new species have been described from the Oriental Region (Jayaswal 1972; Hebauer
2000, 2001, 2002, 2006).
The genus has been poorly known from China up to now. A total of nine species have been recorded so far,
either by historical authors (Sharp 1874; Orchymont 1925, 1935, 1936, 1940) or more recently (Pu 1963, Jia 2005,
Hebauer 2006).

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Material and methods
For this study, we have examined over 400 specimens of Chinese Coelostoma. A portion of the specimens of each
species were dissected. After 8–10 hours in 10% KOH at room temperature, male genitalia was transferred to a drop
of distilled water and the remaining membrane was removed under a compound microscope and subsequently
mounted into a drop of glycerin on a piece of transparent plastic attached below the specimens. Male genitalia and
morphological characters were examined using Nikon SMZ800 compound microscope. Photographs were taken
using a Zeiss Axioskop 40 compound microscope and a Leica M205C stereomicroscope combined with
AutoMontage software.
The genus was redescribed in detail by Hansen (1991). The key to subgenera was given by Mouchamps (1958)
and Hebauer (2002). Morphological terminology largely follows Hansen (1991) and Komarek (2004).
Examined specimens are deposited in the following collections:
AFCD Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong;
ASHC Andre Skale collection (Hof, Germany);
AWWC Andreas Weigel collection (Wernburg, Germany);
BMNH The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;
HBUM Hebei University Museum, Baoding, Hebei Province, China;
HUMS The Hokkaido University Museum, Sapporo, Japan;
IRSNB Institute Royal des Sciences Naturelles, Brussels, Belgium;
IZCAS Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, Beijing, China;
SEMC Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA;
NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria;
NME Naturkundemuseum Erfurt, Germany;
NMPC National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic;
PCPA Paul Aston private collection, Hong Kong;
SYSU Sun Yat-sun University, Guangzhou, China.
Specimens in which the depository is not indicated are deposited in SYSU.
Systematics
Coelostoma Brullé, 1835
(Figs. 1–32)
Cercydium Klug, 1833: 160 (partim) (nomen nudum).
Coelostoma Brullé, 1835: 293. Type species: Hydrophilus orbicularis Fabricius, 1775 (by monotypy).
= Cyclonotum Erichson, 1837: 212. Type species: Hydrophilus orbicularis Fabricius, 1775 (by monotypy; junior objective
synony m).
Diagnosis. Body broadly oval, more or less uniformly brown to black (Figs. 1–2); clypeus covering bases of
antennae; antenna with 9 antennomeres, club loosely segmented; prosternum more or less bulging medially, often
with medially dentiform anterior margin; mesoventrite at least partly fused to mesepisterna, strongly raised
posteriorly to form an arrowhead-shaped process (Fig. 6); anteromedian pit-like groove of mesoventrite present
(Fig. 6); metaventrite with raised middle portion; metaventral process strongly projecting anteriorly between
mesocoxae, abutting mesoventral elevation (Fig. 6); meso- and metatarsus with first tarsomere clearly longer than
second tarsomere; elytra with sharply impressed sutural stria in posterior half (Fig. 1); elytra without striae or serial
punctures, sometimes with traces of serially arranged punctures laterally; first abdominal ventrite not carinate
mesally, sometimes except the extreme base; apical part of abdominal ventrite 5 entire or emarginate (Figs. 10, 12,
14); phallobase of aedeagus extremely reduced (Figs. 15–33).
Differential diagnosis. The majority of species of Coelostoma may be easily distinguished from other genera
of the Coelostomatini by the combination of uniformly blackish dorsal coloration, loosely segmented antennal

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club, absence of clear elytral series, presence of sutural stria, and abdominal ventrite 1 carinate at most at extreme
base. These characters allow the safe identification of all Chinese species treated below. Coelostoma gentilii sp.
nov. has weak traces of serially arranged punctures at lateralmost parts of each elytron, but it is otherwise
extremely similar to all other species and easy-to-recognize as a member of Coelostoma.
Comments. When a wider spectrum of Asian coelostomatines is examined, it is evident that several species
treated contemporarily as “atypical” representatives of the genus Dactylosternum Wollaston, 1854 (e.g., D.
arabicum Balfour-Browne, 1951, D. coelostomoides Orchymont, 1923 and D. indicum Orchymont, 1923) may in
fact belong to Coelostoma. These species do not match the current diagnosis of Coelostoma in presence of elytral
series or the carinate first abdominal ventrite, which may indicate that these two characters are not good for
delimiting coelostomatine genera. Additional studies of mentioned species is necessary to understand their generic
assignment and the definition of Coelostoma as a genus.
Species-level identification. Most species of Coelostoma are extremely similar to each other externally, and
the external characters (especially the pubescence of mesofemora and presence/absence of stout setae on
abdominal apex) are mostly useful only to distinguish the subgenera. In few cases, dorsal coloration and character
of dorsal punctuation of pronotum and elytra may allow to identify the specimens to species, but in most cases the
morphology of male genitalia is the only character which allows reliable species identification.
The morphology of the aedeagus is very variable within the genus, and provides easy-to-observe characters for
identification of species. Important characters include: (1) the general form of the aedeagus, (2) the form of the
paramere and its apical portion, (3) the form of the median lobe and its length compared to the parameres, (4) the
position and shape of the gonopore, and (5) the presence and shape of the internal median sclerite projecting
towards gonopore. We recommend examination of the aedeagus in a “wet” state (i.e. in drop of water or glycerin or
mounted in hydantoin, euparal or other mounting medium) and in dorsal view. In dry-mounted and/or ventrally
observed genitalia, several critical characters are not seen or are deformed, which may lead to incorrect
identification.
Biology. All species of Coelostoma for which biology is known are aquatic, collected either directly among
submerged plants at the edge of water, or from wet places along streams, rivers and standing water. Many Chinese
species are night-active: they hide themselves outside of water during the day (usually under moss or roots of
plants growing next to the watercourse, Fig. 4) and may be found feeding on wet and submerged surfaces including
of wet rocks and artificial concrete surfaces at night (Fig. 5). Some species may be collected from mud or from
under wet leaf litter, few species are only found in interstitial habitats under stones and among gravel at sides of
stony rivers. Some species may be attracted at light, mostly just after the sunset (i.e. circa between 7 and 9 pm
during summer in southern China, very rarely they are collected after 10 pm).
Identification key of Chinese Coelostoma species
1. Mesofemora densely pubescent except at extreme apex (Fig. 9). Subgenus Lachnocoel ostoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
- Mesofemora not pubescent, glabrous, more or less coarsely punctate and sparsely covered by short setae (Figs. 11, 13) . . . . 12
2(1) Body size smaller than 4.0 mm. Pronotum with much finer and sparser punctation than on elytra (Fig. 7). Aedeagus as in Fig.
23: gonopore situated ca. at midlength and median lobe with distinct lateral projections . . . . . . . . . .C. hongkongense sp. nov.
- Body size larger than 4.0 mm. Pronotum with punctation at most slightly finer and sparser than on elytra. Median lobe of the
aedeagus without subapical lateral projections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3(4) Elytra with distinct series of punctures laterally (Fig. 8). Aedeagus as in Fig. 25: parameres distinctly curved outside in apical
fourth, and strongly expanding inwards in form of sharply pointed mesal projection; median lobe not emarginate apically . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. gentilii sp. nov.
- Elytra without series of punctures laterally. If parameres curved outside in apical fourth, they never strongly project inwards.
Median lobe apically emarginate or not . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4(3) Median lobe of aedeagus weakly concave to deeply emarginate apically (Figs. 20–22, 24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
- Median lobe entire or trilobate apically (Figs. 26–27, 29–31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5(4) Gonopore situated slightly above the midlength of the median lobe (Figs. 20, 24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
- Gonopore situated basally (Figs. 21–22). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6(5) Aedeagus as in Fig. 20: median lobe deeply emarginate apically, parameres widened apically, truncate at apex, sharply angu-
late mesally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. bifidum sp. nov.
- Aedeagus as in Fig. 24: median lobe shallowly emarginated apically, parameres not widened apically, obtusely truncate at apex
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C. coomani Orchymont, 1932
7(5) Aedeagus as in Fig. 21: outer face of parameres convex basally; median lobe strongly widened basally, apex of median lobe

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very deeply emarginate, gonopore extremely transverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. turnai Hebauer, 2006
- Aedeagus as in Fig. 22: outer face of parameres nearly straight basally; basal portion of median lobe moderately widened, api-
cal portion moderately emarginate, gonopore transverse but not extremely so . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C. hajeki sp. nov.
8(4) Aedeagus very large, narrowly elongate, median lobe not wider than paramere, largely overlapping apex of median lobe (Figs.
26, 29, 30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
- Aedeagus smaller, relatively wider, median lobe at least slightly wider than paramere, slightly overlapping the apex of the
median lobe (Figs. 27, 31). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
9(8) Apical part of the median lobe trilobate (Fig. 26). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C. phallicum Orchymont, 1940
- Apical part of the median lobe simple (Figs. 29–30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
10(9) Apical part of the median lobe widely rounded, parameres largely widened apically (Fig. 29) . . . . . . C. wui Orchymont, 1940
- Apical part of the median lobe pointed, not widened, parameres not distinctly widened apically (Fig. 30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. vagum Orchymont, 1940
11(8) Aedeagus with broad, median lobe, widely trilobite at apex; parameres angulate at midlength (Fig. 31). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C. horni (Régimbart, 1902)
- Aedeagus with elongate median lobe, simply rounded at apex; parameres arcuate on outer face and strongly bent outside at
apex (Fig. 27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. huangi sp. nov.
12 (1) Fifth abdominal ventrite feebly emarginate posteromesally, bearing strong setae mesally (Fig. 30) (subgenus Holocoelostoma).
Prosternum not dentate. Median lobe of aedeagus almost parallel with broadly rounded apex, a little shorter than parameres;
parameres not sharply pointed (Figs. 25–26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. stultum (Walker)
- Posterior margin of the fifth abdominal ventrite entire, not emarginate in the middle (Fig. 32) (subgenus Coelostoma). Proster-
num dentate. Parameres sharply pointed. If parameres not dentate, median lobe sharpened at apex and parameres are strongly
narrowed apically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
13 (12) Aedeagus slender, median lobe gradually attenuate toward apex, sharpened apically. Parameres strongly narrowed from apical
fifth to apex, pointed apically (Fig. 13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. orbiculare (Fabricius)
- Aedeagus robust, median lobe and parameres not strongly narrowing apicad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
14 (13) Posterior femora broad to almost oval in form. Median lobe of aedeagus broad and short, parameres slender (Fig. 10) . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. vitalisi Orchymont
- Posterior femora not broadened, aedeagus not as above. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
15 (14) Body size 4.1–4.2 mm. Mesofemora finely and sparsely punctate. Median lobe of aedeagus much narrow and almost parallel-
sided on apical half, gonopore subtriangular (Fig. 11–12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C. vividum Orchymont
- Size 5.2–5.4 mm. Mesofemora with coarse and dense punctation. Median lobe of the aedeagus bottle-shaped, with broad base
and abruptly narrowed and gradually slightly narrowed toward apex, gonopore 8-shaped (Fig. 9). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. fallaciosum Orchymont
Species treatments
Coelostoma (s. str.) fallaciosum Orchymont, 1936
(Fig. 15)
Coelostoma fallaciosum Orchymont, 1936: 19.
Type material examined: PARATYPE: 1 male (IRSNB): ‟Coll. R. I. Sc. N. B. / Borneo // Nord-Borneo / ex coll.
Frühstorfer // A. dʼOrchymont det. 1936 / Coelostoma (s.str) / fallaciosum m.”
Additional material examined. GUANGDONG: 1 male, Shenzhen, Neilingding Island, 13.vi.2002; 7 spec.,
same locality, but 4.vii.1998, Haidong Chen leg.; 1 spec., same locality as the former, but 12.iv.1998, Zhenyao
Chen leg.; 2 spec., same locality as the former, 12.v.1998, Qisheng Peng leg.; 1 spec, same data as the former, but
8.v.1998; 1 spec. same data as the former, but Ruizhen Wen leg.; 2 spec., Shaoguan, Danxiashan Mt., 27.v.2010,
leg. Fenglong Jia; 1 male, 1 female, Fengkai, Heishiding Natural Reserve, in light trap, 3.vi.2011, Fenglong Jia
leg.; 8 spec., Danxiashan Mt., Yangyuanshan, Huiyuanchi pool, 08.vi.2012, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 male, Danxiashan
Mt., plant nursery, 08.vi.2012, light trap; 15 spec., Danxiashan, a small pool near Xianglonghu lake, 08.vi.2012,
Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 male, Guangzhou, Lianhe, 18.x.1964, leg. Zhenyao Chen. HONG KONG: 30 spec. (AFCD: 6
spec., PCPA: 24 spec.), Wang Tong to light trap, from 6.v.2009 to 18.ix.2012, Paul Aston leg. YUNNAN: 1 male
(ASHC), 2 females (AWWC): Xishuangbanna, 20 km NW Jinghong, Man Dian vicinity, at light, 22°08ʹN
100°40ʹE, 740 m, 26.v.2008, A. Weigel leg. TAIWAN: 1 spec. (HUMS), without more precise data.
Diagnosis. Body size 5.1–5.5 mm. Prosternum moderately convex medially, not carinate but with a weak tooth
anteriorly. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctures; elytra with lateral portion more strongly punctate,
without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora without dense pubescence. First abdominal ventrite not
carinate, last abdominal ventrite not emarginate or truncate apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 15): 0.9 mm long. Median

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lobe not reaching to apices of parameres, narrowly rounded apically, slightly widened subbasally; gonopore
subapical, 8-shaped. Parameres widening apicad, pointed apically, straight on inner face and convex on outer face
in apical portion.
Biology. We collected this species on wet stones or on the ground covered by leaf litter. In Hong Kong, this
species was collected in light traps during warmer months, but no individuals were collected using this method
from January to March and none were found directly in habitat sampled for aquatic beetles.
Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Taiwan), Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Vietnam (Hansen
1999, Orchymont 1936).
Coelostoma (s. str.) vitalisi Orchymont, 1923
(Fig. 16)
Coelostoma vitalisi Orchymont, 1923: 418.
Type material: not examined.
Additional material examined. SINGAPORE: ‟Spore 13 // A. dʼOrchymont det. / Coelostoma / Vitalisi
dʼOrchymont”. HAINAN: 1 male, Lingshui, Diaoluoshan Mount, 29.xii.1963, Zhenyao Chen leg. HONG KONG
(13 spec., SYSU: 4 spec., PCPA: 9 spec.): 1 male, 22.4.2012, Wang Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.; 2 males,
2.v.2012 Wang Tong to light trap, Paul Aston leg.; 2 males, 5.v.2012, Wang Tong, in light trap; 1 male, 10.vi.2008,
Wang Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.; 1 male, 18.vi.2012, Wang Tong, in light trap; 2 males, 19.vi.2012, Wang
Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.; 1 male, vii.2011, Wang Tong; 1 male, 9.vii.2011, Tai Mo Shan, Paul Aston leg.;
1 male, 30.vii.2012, Wang Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.; GUANGXI: 1 male, Shiwandashan Forest Park,
267m, light trap, 9.vii.2011, Song Keqing leg. GUANGDONG: 1 male, Danxiashan mount, 3.v.2008, Fenglong
Jia leg. YUNNAN: 2 males (ASHC, AWWC): Xishuangbanna, 20 km NW Jinghong, Man Dian vicinity, at light,
22°08ʹN 100°40ʹE, 740 m, 26.v.2008, A. Weigel leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 4.1–4.7 mm. Prosternum moderately convex medially, not carinate but with a distinct
tooth anteriorly. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion more strongly
punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora without dense pubescence. First abdominal
ventrite not carinate, last abdominal ventrite not emarginate or truncate apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 16): 0.85 mm
long. Median lobe very wide and short, reaching only to apical third of parameres, rounded at apex, gradually
widening towards subbasally; gonopore large, slightly wider than long, situated subapically; parameres slender
throughout, only slightly widening apically, rounded and with tuft of setae at apex.
Biology. Most specimens examined were collected at light.
Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Shandong, Yunnan), India, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Mauritius, Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Vietnam (Hansen 1999, Hebauer 2002, Orchymont, 1936).
Coelostoma (s. str.) vividum Orchymont, 1936
(Figs 17–18)
Coelostoma (s.str.) vividum Orchymont, 1936: 28.
Type material examined: 1 male (IRSNB): “♂ // Bengealis / Maindron 1885 // Cyclonotum / sp. X …. /
Régimbart vid. 1895 // Para- / type // A. dʼOrchymont det. / Coelostoma / vividum m.”
Additional material examined. GUANGDONG: 2 males and 1 female, China, Guangdong, Fengkai,
Heishiding Natrual Reserve, in light trap, 3.vi.2011, Fenglong Jia leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 4.1–4.2 mm. Prosternum weakly convex medially, not carinate, with a tiny tooth
anteriorly. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion slightly more strongly
punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora without dense pubescence. First abdominal
ventrite not carinate, last abdominal ventrite not emarginate or truncate apically. Aedeagus (Figs. 17-18): 0.6 mm
long. Median lobe narrow and almost parallel-sided, abruptly broadened basally, gonopore situating basally;
parameres ca. 1.5× as wide as median lobe medially, not narrowed apically, slightly curved outside on apical third,
inner margin straight, with sparse long setae (visible under compound microscope only).

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Biology. Specimens examined by us were collected at light.
Distribution. China (Guangdong), Indonesia. (Hansen 1999, Orchymont 1936). First record from China.
Coelostoma (s. str.) orbiculare (Fabricius, 1775)
(Figs. 13–14, 19)
Hydrophilus orbicularis Fabricius, 1775: 229.
For complete synonymy see Hansen (1999).
Type material: not examined.
Material examined. CZECH REPUBLIC: 4 spec., Bohemia, Horní Maxov (5257), 14.v.2009, “Malá
Strana” nature reserve, 50°45ʹ59ʺN 15°12ʹ02ʺE. M. Fikáček & P. Vonička leg. (NMPC). CHINA: BEIJING: 1
male (SYSU), Peiping, with a label “Coelostoma fabriciusi Montr.” HEBEI: 1 male (SYSU), Baiyangdian,
Dazhangzhuang village, 03-06.vii.2013, Jidong Peng et Xichao Zhu leg.; 1 male, 1 female (HBUM), same data as
the former. HENAN: 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS), Huixian County, Baligou, 650m, 12.vii.2002, Wenzhu Li leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 4.1–5.0 mm. Prosternum not convex medially, not carinate, with or without a tiny tooth
anteriorly. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion more strongly punctate,
without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora without dense pubescence (Fig. 13). First abdominal
ventrite not carinate, last abdominal ventrite not emarginate or truncate apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 19): 0.95 mm
long. Median lobe not reaching apices of parameres, acute apically, only slightly widening towards base; gonopore
rounded, subapical. Parameres rather wide throughout, sharply pointed apically.
Biology. Living in various types of stagnant waters with submerged vegetation, especially in shallow littoral
zones.
Distribution. China (Beijing, Hebei, Henan), Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Czech Republic,
Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia,
Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia. (Hansen 1999, Orchymont
1936). First record from China.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) bifidum sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–6, 9–10, 20)
Type material. HOLOTYPE: 1 male, JIANGXI, Jinggangshan, Shuangxikou, 03.x.2010, Fenglong Jia leg.
[transcribed from Chinese] (SYSU). PARATYPES: 38 spec. (SYSU), same data as holotype [transcribed from
Chinese]; 1 male, 3 spec. (NMPC): Jingganshan Mts., Wankeng, stream valley, 26°31.8ʼN 114°11.8ʼN, 525 m,
flood debris accumulated in the stream [MF15], 28.iv.2011, Fikáček, Hájek, Jia & Song leg.; 1 male, 16 spec.
(NMPC): Jinggangshan Mts., Baiyinhu env., 26°36.8ʼN 114°11.1ʼE, 800 m, drying-up stream in the stony bed,
night collecting on the wet rocks with algae [MF01], 23-29.iv.2011, Fikáček, Hájek & Kubeček leg.; 4 spec.
(NMPC): Jingang Shan Mts., Baiyinhu vill. env., 26°36.8ʼN 114°11.1ʼE, 800 m, stream valley, wet rock, 23-
29.iv.2011, M. Fikáček & J. Hájek leg. GUANGDONG: 3 spec., Qingxin, 22.x.2004, Fenglong Jia leg.
[transcribed from Chinese] (SYSU); 1 male, 6 spec. (NMPC): W of Qixing, Heishiding Nature Reserve, 23°27.9ʼN
111°54.3ʼE, 190-260 m, on wet rocks on side of waterfall—in crevicles and on the roots of the grasses growing on
the rock [MF16], 1-3.v.2011, Fikáček, Hájek & Kubeček leg.; 17 spec., Shenzhen, Wutongshan, Hengmuling,
15.v.2011, Fenglong Jia leg. (SYSU); 11 spec., Lianzhou, Dadongshan, 3.v.2006, Fenglong Jia leg. (SYSU); 17
spec., Fengkai, Heishiding Nature Reserve, 2.v.2011, Fenglong Jia leg. GUANGXI: 21 males (NMPC):
Longsheng Hot Spring, forested river valley, 25°53.6ʼN 110°12.4ʼE, 360 m, hygropetric, wet rocks at side of the
trail along the river, day and night collecting [MF09], 11-14.iv.2013, Fikáček, Hájek & Růžička leg. HONG
KONG (11 spec.: PCPA, 3 males, 1 female; AFCD, 4 males, 3 females): 1 male, 1.v.2009, Shing Mun in stream,
Paul Aston leg.; 1 male, 1.v.2009, Shing Mun in stream, Paul Aston leg.; 1 male, 29.x.2011 Shing Mun in river,
Paul Aston leg.; 1 male, 15.xii.2012, Shing Mun in wet moss in water seep, Paul Aston leg.; 3 males, 3 females,
Wutongzhai, 27.ix.2013, Fenglong Jia, Yingming Lee et Erich Chan leg.; 1 male, Lai Chi Wo, 25.ix.2013,
Fenglong Jia, Yingming Lee et Eric Chan leg.
Diagnosis. Body length 4.7–5.2 mm. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion and forming a

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finger-shaped anteromedian spine. Pronotum with punctures slightly finer than on head and elytra; elytra with
lateral portion more strongly punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely
pubescent, except at extreme apex. First abdominal ventrite with a sharp carina reaching over basal half; last
abdominal ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 20): 0.9 mm long. Median
lobe narrowly and deeply emarginate at apex, gonopore situated at midlength; parameres as long as median lobe,
truncate at apex.
Description. Form and Color. Body length 4.7–5.2 mm, width 3.0–3.2 mm. Body oval, strongly convex.
Dorsum black (Figs. 1–2). Labrum, maxillary palpi, labial palpi yellowish to reddish brown, antennae yellowish to
reddish brown with dark club. Ventral surface black with reddish pubescence. Femora and tibiae dark reddish
brown, tarsi pale reddish.
Head. Surface with dense and moderately strong punctures. Intervals between punctures smooth, but with
clear shagreen and transverse microsculpture on posterior margin (this part sometimes covered by pronotum).
Clypeus truncate anteriorly. Eyes moderately sized, separated by ca. 5× the width of one eye, not emarginate
anteriorly. Mentum with transverse microsculpture and strong punctures, strongly emarginate anteriorly and
depressed on anterior half. Antennae with 9 antennomeres, antennal club loosely segmented. Maxillary palpomere
2 strongly swollen, palpomere 4 almost symmetrical, rather longer than palpomere 3. Gula very narrow, glabrous.
Thorax. Pronotum with slightly finer punctures than on head; anterior margin strongly bisinuate; posterior
margin slightly bisinuate; lateral marginal bead reaching posterior corner, not continuing to posterior margin;
posterior corner almost rectangular. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion, bearing strong
finger-shape anteromedian spine. Mesoventrite with raised, arrowhead-shaped process, surface pubescent (Fig. 6).
Metaventrite with strongly raised median portion broadly projecting anteriorly between mesocoxae and abutted to
mesoventral process (Fig. 6); lateral portions of metaventrite densely pubescent, middle portion more shining, only
sparsely pubescent. Metepisterna ca. 5× as long as wide, parallel-sided. Scutellar shield slightly longer than wide,
with punctuation as on pronotum. Elytra with slightly coarser punctures than on pronotum, lateral and posterior
punctures somewhat coarser than those on disc, without traces of series; sutural stria reaching basal half of elytra.
Femora with deep tibial groove posteriorly. Mesofemora pubescent, except at extreme apex (Fig. 9). Metafemora
sparsely punctate, with dense microsculpture. Tarsi with long dorsal setae and gold ventral setae; metatarsi with
fifth tarsomere almost as long as third and fourth combined. Claws moderately curved, with a pair of long setae
beneath.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites densely pubescent. First abdominal ventrite with a sharp carina reaching over
basal half; last ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout setae apically (Fig. 10).
Aedeagus (Fig. 20). 0.9 mm long. Median lobe subparallel in basal 0.6, slightly narrowed but still subparallel
in apical 0.4, narrowly and rather deeply emarginate at apex (depth of emargination slightly variable in specimens
examined), gonopore situate at midlength, wider than long; parameres as long as median lobe, truncate at apex,
outer face slightly sinuate and distinct angulate apically, inner margin slightly bent and acutely produced apically.
Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin bifidus, meaning bilobed, referring to the median lobe
of aedeagus.
Biology. During the day, this species usually hides outside of water and may be collected e.g. from plant/grass
roots at sides of a waterfall (Fig. 4, in this way specimens from Jiangxi: Jinggangshan and Guangdong: Shenzhen,
Fengkai and Heishiding were collected), on large stones in rivers (from Guangdong: Qingxin), or in the moss on
the wet rock (Dadongshan, Hong Kong). At night, the species may be found feeding on algal mats on wet rocks or
ground at the edge of rivers (Fig. 5). It was never collected at light.
Remark. This species is similar to C. coomani Orchymont, 1932, C. lazarense Orchymont, 1925 and C. turnai
Hebauer, 2006. However, it is very easy to distinguish it from C. coomani by parameres sharply produced inwards
apically, outer margin clearly angulate apically, median lobe with apical two-fifths clearly narrower than the basal
part. It differs from C. lazarense by narrow and deeply emarginate median lobe apically, parameres angulate
outwards apically. It differs from C. turnai by parameres sharply produced inwards apically, outer margin clearly
angulate apically, median lobe not strongly broadened submedially, gonopore situated in middle length (basally in
C. turnai; Fig. 21).
Distribution. China (Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong).

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FIGURES 1–8. Habitus, morphology and habitats of Chinese Coelostoma. 1–6: Coelostoma bifidum sp. nov. (1–2: habitus in
dorsal and lateral views; 3: ventral morphology; 4: specimens hiding in grass root during the day (in Jiangxi: Jinggangshan), 5:
active specimen of the surface of wet rock at night (in Guangdong: Heishiding); 6: detail of meso-metaventral elevation). 7:
detail of pronotal and elytral punctation of C. hongkongense sp. nov.; 8: punctation of lateral portion of elytra of C. gentilii sp.
nov.

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FIGURES 9–14. Characters distinguishing the subgenera of Coelostoma occurring in China. 9–10: subgenus
Lachnocoelostoma (C. bifidum sp. nov.); 11–12: subgenus Holocoelostoma (C. stultum); 13–14: subgenus Coelostoma s.str. (C.
orbiculare). 9, 11, 13: mesofemur in ventral view; 10, 12, 14: posterior margin of andominal ventrite 5.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) turnai Hebauer, 2006
(Fig. 21)
Coelostoma turnai Hebauer, 2006: 3.
Type material: not examined.
Material examined. HUNAN: 1 male, 30 km N of Dayong, Yanjiejie, 27–29.v.2005, Oto Nakládal leg
(NMPC).
Diagnosis. Body size 4.5–5.0 mm. Prosternum finely carinate medially, with fine dentiform process
anteromedially. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion more strongly
punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent except at extreme apex.
First abdominal ventrite with recognizable median carina basally; fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout
setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 21). 1.0 mm long. Median lobe bottle-shaped with apex very deeply excavated
(bilobed); gonopore situated basally, transversely oval; parameres slightly shorter than median lobe, sinuate on
outer face subapically, apices truncate.
Remarks. When Hebauer (2006) originally described this species from Hubei, he stated that the prosternum is
not carinate but bears a fine dentiform process anteromedially. The examined specimen from Hunan precisely

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agrees with the original description in all other characters including the morphology of the aedeagus and moreover
also comes from southeastern China. We therefore assign it to C. turnai, despite the fact that its prosterum is finely
carinate.
Biology. Unknown.
Distribution. China (Hubei, Hunan) (Hebauer 2006, this paper).
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) hajeki sp. nov.
(Fig. 22)
Type material. HOLOTYPE: male (SYSU): GUANGDONG: Nanling, Dadongshan Natural Reserve, 19-
22.iv.2013, Fenglong Jia leg. PARATYPES: 4 males, 5 females and 5 unsexed spec. (SYSU), same data as
holotype; 1 male, 11 spec. (NMPC): Nanling National Nature Reserve, Dadongshan, shallow puddle on concrete
terrace, 24°55.7ʼN 112°43.6ʼE, 785 m, 18.iv.2013, Hájek & Růžička leg. GUANGXI: 1 male (NMPC): Longsheng
Hot Spring, forested river valley, 25°53.6ʼN 110°12.4ʼE, 360 m, hygropetric, wet rocks at side of the trail along the
river, day and night collecting [MF09], 11-14.iv.2013, Fikáček, Hájek & Růžička leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 4.8–5.2 mm. Prosternum moderately carinate medially, with more or less strong
dentiform process anteromedially. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion
more or less strongly punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent
except at extreme apex. First abdominal ventrite with recognizable median carina; last ventrite emarginate and with
a row of stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 22): 1.15 mm long. Median lobe deeply and narrowly emarginated at
apex, gonopore as long as wide, situated basally; parameres as long as median lobe, obliquely truncate apically.
Description. Form and Color. Body length 4.8–5.2 mm, width 3.0–3.2 mm. Body oval, strongly convex.
Dorsum black. Labrum, maxillary palpi, labial palpi yellowish to reddish brown, antennae yellowish to reddish
brown with dark club. Ventral surface dark ferruginous with reddish pubescence. Femora and tibiae dark reddish
brown, tarsi yellow.
Head. Surface with dense and moderately strong punctures. Intervals between punctures smooth, without
shagreen and transverse microsculpture on posterior margin. Clypeus truncate anteriorly. Eyes moderately large,
separated by ca. 5× the width of one eye, not emarginate anteriorly. Mentum with strong punctures, strongly
emarginate anteriorly and depressed on anterior half, without sculpture on depression. Antennae with 9
antennomeres, antennal club loosely segmented. Maxillary palpomere 2 strongly swollen, palpomere 4 slightly
asymmetrical, rather longer than palpomere 3. Gula very narrow, glabrous.
Thorax. Pronotum with somewhat finer punctures than on head; anterior margin strongly bisinuate; posterior
margin slightly bisinuate; lateral marginal bead reaching posterior corner, not continuing to posterior margin;
posterior corner almost rectangular. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medially, forming a strong finger-
shape anteromedian spine. Mesoventrite with raised, arrowhead-shaped process, surface pubescent. Metaventrite
with strongly raised median portion broadly projecting anteriorly between mesocoxae and abutted to mesoventral
process; lateral portions of metaventrite densely pubescent, middle portion more shining, only sparsely pubescent.
Metepisterna ca. 5× as long as wide, parallel-sided. Scutellar shield slightly longer than wide, with punctation as on
pronotum. Elytra with coarser punctures than on pronotum, lateral and posterior punctures somewhat coarser than
those on disc, without traces of series; sutural stria reaching basal half of elytra. Femora with deep tibial groove
posteriorly. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme apex . Metafemora sparsely punctate, with dense
microsculpture. Tarsi with long dorsal setae and gold ventral setae. Metatarsi with first tarsomere almost twice as
long as second tarsomere, fifth tarsomere almost as long as the third and fourth combined. Claws moderately
curved, with a pair of long setae beneath.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites densely pubescent. First abdominal ventrite with recognizable median carina;
fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout setae apically.
Aedeagus (Fig. 22). 1.15 mm long. Median lobe broadest on basal third, gradually narrowed to apical third,
apical third almost parallel, with apex deeply and narrowly emarginated (bilobed), gonopore as long as wide,
situated basally; parameres as long as median lobe, subparallel laterally, slightly concave on outer face subapically
and slightly oblique truncate apically.
Biology. Hygropetric, collected in a shallow puddle on concrete terrace at night (Guangdong) and on wet rocks
at side of the trail along the river (Guangxi).

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Etymology. The new species is named in honour of Dr. Jiří Hájek, a beetle taxonomist in the National
Museum, Czech Republic, who first discovered this species at the type locality and collaborated with the senior and
third authors many times.
Remarks. This species is very similar to C. turnai Hebauer, 2006. It can be distinguished from the latter by
median lobe of aedeagus slightly widening basally (strongly broadened in C. turnai), the gonopore widely oval
(very transversely oval in C. turnai) and apical emargination of median lobe moderately deep (very deep in C.
turnai); parameres are weakly sinuate laterally (strongly sinuate in C. turnai) and obliquely truncate apically (not
oblique in C. turnai). The shape of median lobe can be easily distinguished from other species that have bilobed
median lobe, such as C. coomani Orchymont, 1932, C. lazarense Orchymont, 1925 and C. bifidum sp. nov.
Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi).
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) hongkongense sp. nov.
(Figs. 7, 23)
Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: male (SYSU): HONG KONG, Shing Mun Country Park, night time,
underside of stone in mud, close to dried moss , 10.ii.2009, Paul Aston leg. PARATYPES: 2 unsexed spec. (PCPA),
Hong Kong, Wu Kau Tang in wet moss 7.ii.2013, Paul Aston leg. 3 unsexed spec. (PCPA), Hong Kong, Tai Po Kau
in wet moss on overflowing river water tank 14.ii.13, Paul Aston leg. 1 male, 2 unsexed spec. (PCPA, NMPC),
Hong Kong, Tai Om Shan, Lam Tsuen valley in leaf litter in pristine stream, 18.ii.2013, Paul Aston leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 3.8 mm. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion, with dentiform
process anteromedially. Head and pronotum with much finer and sparser punctation than on elytra, elytra with
lateral portion more or less strongly punctate (Fig. 7), without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora
densely pubescent, except at extreme apex. First abdominal ventrite not carinate; fifth ventrite emarginate and with
a row of stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 23): 0.61mm long. Median lobe broadly rounded at apex, with small
lateral tooth-like projections in apical third; gonopore situated at midlength; parameres as long as median lobe,
broader than median lobe at apex, overlapping medial lobe, obtusely truncate apically, not projecting into sharp
corner mesally.
Description. Form and Color. Length 3.8 mm, width 2.6 mm. Body oval, moderately convex. Head and elytra
black, pronotum reddish brown to blackish, though all specimens show at least some red on the edges. Labrum,
maxillary palpi, labial palpi, antennae yellowish to reddish brown, antennal club of same color as basal
antennomeres. Ventral surface brown with reddish pubescence, abdomen yellow brown. Femora and tibiae dark
reddish brown, tarsi color light.
Head. Surface with very fine and sparse punctures, intervals between punctures about 2.5-4.5× as wide as
diameter of a puncture on disc, but somewhat denser posteriorly. Intervals between punctures smooth. Clypeus
truncate anteriorly. Eyes of moderate size, separated by ca. 5× the width of one eye, not emarginate anteriorly.
Mentum with transverse microsculpture and strong punctures, strongly emarginate anteriorly and depressed in
anterior half. Antennae with 9 antennomeres, antennal club loosely segmented, apical segment longitudinally oval.
Maxillary palpomere 2 strongly swollen, palpomere 4 slightly asymmetrical, slightly longer than palpomere 3.
Gula very narrow, glabrous.
Thorax. Pronotum with similar punctuation as on head; anterior margin almost straight medially; posterior
margin slightly bisinuate; lateral marginal bead reaching posterior corner, not overlapping to posterior margin;
posterior corner almost rectangular. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion, with a dentiform
process anteromedially. Mesoventrite with raised, arrowhead-shaped process, surface pubescent. Metaventrite with
strongly raised median portion slightly projecting anteriorly between mesocoxae and abutted to mesoventral
process; lateral portions of metaventrite densely pubescent, middle portion and posterior margin more shinning,
only sparsely pubescent. Metepisterna ca. 5× as long as wide, parallel-sided. Scutellar shield slightly longer than
wide, with punctation similar to that on pronotum. Elytra with punctures much coarser than those on pronotum
(Fig. 7), lateral and posterior punctures somewhat coarser than those on disc, without traces of series; sutural stria
fine, reaching basal 3/5 of elytra; with a row of punctures that is well defined and linear between the suture and
sutural stria. Femora with deep tibial groove posteriorly. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme apex.
Metafemora sparsely punctate, with dense microsculpture. Tarsi with pronounced long dorsal setae and gold

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ventral setae; metatarsi with last tarsomere almost as long as third and fourth combined. Claws moderately curved,
with a pair of long setae beneath.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites densely pubescent. First abdominal ventrite not carinite (Fig. 3); last ventrite
more or less truncate, slightly emarginate.
Aedeagus. 0.61 mm long. Median lobe not reaching parameral apices, narrower than parameres in apical third,
gradually narrowing from base to apex, with a distinct tooth on each side in apical third, apex widely rounded;
gonopore circular, ca. longer than wide, situated at midlength of median lobe. Parameres longer than median lobe,
overlapping median lobe, slightly widening towards apex, obtusely truncate apically, without projecting corners
(Fig. 23).
Etymology. The species name is derived from Hong Kong where all type specimens were collected.
Biology. All specimens but one were taken in areas of very clean pristine water, all close to or in wet moss. A
single specimen was found on the underside of a stone in the mud, close to the dried moss in the hottest and one of
the driest Februaries ever recorded in Hong Kong.
Remarks. This species is the smallest representative of the genus in China. It can be easily distinguished from
other known species from China by the combination of the following characters: small size, pronotum with much
finer and sparser punctation than on elytra (Fig. 7), tarsi with pronounced dorsal setae, median lobe with distinct
lateral projections (Fig. 23).
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) horni (Régimbart, 1902)
(Fig. 31)
Cyclonotum Horni Régimbart, 1902: 474.
Coelostoma orbiculare f. Horni: Knisch, 1921: 77.
Coelostoma Horni: Knisch, 1924: 111 (specific rank confirmed).
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) horni: Orchymont, 1940: 157.
Type material: not examined.
Material examined. CHINA: YUNNAN: 1 male (ASHC): Xishuangbanna, 20 km NW Jinghong, Man Dian
vicinity, at light, 22°08ʹN 100°40ʹE, 740 m, 26.v.2008, A. Weigel leg. NEPAL: 1 male (NMPC): prov. Narayani
Saurana, bank of Rapti River, 180 m, 27°34ʹ80ʺN 84°29ʹ49ʺE, 18.iv.2000, A. Weigel lgt.
Diagnosis. Body size 4.5-5.0 mm. Prosternum finely carinate medially, with distinct dentiform process
anteromedially. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion not coarser punctate
than dorsaly, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent except at extreme apex.
First abdominal ventrite with recognizable median carina basally; fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout
setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 31). 0.6 mm long, widest at middle, Median lobe rather broad, with trilobed apex;
gonopore situated apically; parameres much longer than median lobe, rather narrower than median lobe, strongly
bent outwards medially, more or less curved on outer face subapically, apices truncate.
Biology. Unknown.
Occurrence in China. The occurrence of this species in China was originally reported by Orchymont (1925)
(Hong Kong). However, Orchymont (1935) did not list the species in his catalogue and noted, that “the Hong-kong
specimens, of which three are in my cabinet, and alluded to in one of those notes, do not belong to horni. But as
these three individuals are females an exact identification cannot be carried on without the males”. Wu (1937)
followed Orchymont (1935), and did not list this species for China. In contrast, Mouchamps (1958) and Hansen
(1999) listed C. horni from Hong Kong, likely based on the original record by Orchymont (1925). After examining
extensive material of the genus Coelostoma from southern China including Hong Kong, we failed to find any
representative of this species except the Yunnan one listed above. The locality of Xishuangbanna is situated in
extreme southwest of China in lowlands close to the borders of Laos and Myanmar and already hosts the beetle
fauna typical for true Southeast Asia (J. Hájek, pers. comm.). We thus suppose that Coelsotoma horni reaches
China only in this extreme southwest and does not occur in the more eastern parts of South China. We hence
consider the specimens from Hong Kong reported by Orchymont (1925) as C. horni as misidentified and actually
belonging to another species. First reliable record of C. horni from China.
Taxonomic note. Coelostoma horni was originally described from Sri Lanka, and is nowadays considered as

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widely distributed both in Oriental Region (known from Malay Archipelago, continental southeast Asia and Indian
subcontinent: Hansen 1999) and in Afrotropical Region (recorded from Arabian Peninsula, Mascarene Islands and
South Africa: Hansen 1999). The genitalia of specimens from the Arabian Peninsula (Yemen: deposited in NMPC,
aedeagus figured by Fikáček et al. 2010) are indeed similar to the specimens of C. horni from the Oriental Region
(Fig. 31 illustrates the Chinese specimen, the examined Nepalese specimen has identical genitalia) in general
shape. However, the aedeagus of the Arabian specimens is relatively larger and narrower (smaller and relatively
wider in Oriental specimens), and its median lobe is only indistinctly widened apically (very distinctly widened in
Oriental specimens). Based on these differences, we cannot exclude the possibility that the Arabian specimen are in
fact not conspecific with true C. horni and represent an undescribed species. The identity of the African specimens
remains unknown as none was studied by us.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) coomani Orchymont, 1932
(Fig. 24)
Coelostoma (s.str.) Coomani Orchymont, 1932: 668.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) coomani: Mouchamps (1958: 33).
Type material examined. PARATYPE: 1 male (IRSNB): ‟LACTHO / Tonkin / de Cooman // Para / type” [the
specimen lacks identification label, but was placed among other paratypes of C. coomani in the Orchymont
collection and is clearly conspecific with them].
Additional material examined: GUANGXI: 11 spec. (SYSU): Shiwandashan Forest Park, light trap, 263 m,
7.vii.2011, Song Keqing leg.; 3 spec. (IZCAS), same data as the former; 12 spec. (SYSU): Shiwandashan Forest
Park, 339 m, edge of upper river, 19.vii.2011, Song Keqing leg.; 4 spec. (IZCAS): same data as the former
(IZCAS); 13 males, 29 females. 42 spec. (NMPC): Shiwandashan National Forest Park, tourist centre, 28.8 km
SSW of Shangsi, 21°54.3ʼN 107°54.2ʼE, 280 m, on wet concrete next to the artificial drain + on wet stones of the
waterfall behind the hotel in the tourist centre [MF03], 5-9.iv.2013, Fikáček, Hájek & Růžička leg.; 8 spec.
(NMPC): same locality, but exposed stony bank of a small river with isolated puddles + drains + wet rock partly
overgrown with algae. YUNNAN: 1 male (SYSU): Naban village Nabanhe Conserve, 1.vii.2004, Li & Tang leg.; 1
male (SYSU): Banna Botanical Garden, 567m, light trap, N21.92262°, E 101.27710°, Song Keqing leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 4.4–5.0 mm. Prosternum strongly carinate medially, with a strong dentiform process
anteromedially. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion more or less strongly
punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent except at extreme apex.
First abdominal ventrite with distinct median carina on basal two-thirds; last ventrite emarginate and with a row of
stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 24): 0.95 mm long. Median lobe slightly emarginated apically, gonopore at
apical two-fifths; parameres slightly longer than median lobe, truncate at apex, continually curved on outer face.
Biology. We collected this species at night in hygropetric habitats (on wet stones in a small waterfall or on wet
concrete next to drains) as well as on the edge of a river; few specimens were also attracted to a light trap.
Remarks. Mouchamps (1958) described C. coomani javanicum Mouchams, 1958 from Java. Based on the
original description and figure of aedeagus, parameres of this subspecies are sharply projecting inwards apically
and are much longer than the median lobe. Based on these differences, it seems probable that C. coomani
javanicum represent a separate species rather than a subspecies of C. coomani
Distribution. China (Guangxi, Yunnan), Vietnam, Indonesia (Sumatra?, Java?). (Hansen 1999, Orchymont
1932). First record from China.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) gentilii sp. nov.
(Figs. 8, 25)
Type material. HOLOTYPE: 1 male, XIZANG, Zhangmu, Friendship Bridge, 1700m, 22.vi.1975, Fu-sheng
Huang leg, IOZ(E)1358876. [transcribed from Chinese] (IZCAS).
Diagnosis. Body length 4.3 mm. Prosternum moderately carinate medially, with a strong dentiform process
anteromedially. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion more or less strongly

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punctate and with distinct series of punctures laterally (Fig. 8). Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme
apex. First abdominal ventrite with carina only at extreme base; fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout
setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 25): 0.83 mm long. Median lobe slightly shorter than parameres, widely rounded at
apex; gonopore situated at midlength; parameres slightly longer than median lobe, distinctly curved outside in
apical fourth, and strongly expanded inwards to form an apical tooth.
Description. Form and Color. Body length 4.3 mm, width 3.0 mm. Body oval, strongly convex. Dorsum
black, pronotal margins brown laterally. Labrum, maxillary and labial palpi yellowish to reddish brown, antennae
yellowish to reddish brown with dark club. Ventral surface black, with reddish pubescence. Femora and tibiae dark
reddish brown, tarsi yellowish.
Head. Dorsal surface with dense and moderately strong punctures. Intervals between punctures smooth.
Clypeus truncate anteriorly. Eyes of moderate size, separated by ca. 5× the width of one eye, not emarginate
anteriorly. Mentum with transverse microsculpture and strong punctures, almost straight anteriorly and depressed
anterior half. Antennae with 9 antennomeres, antennal club loosely segmented. Gula pubescent.
Thorax. Punctation of pronotum similar as on head; anterior margin strongly bisinuate; posterior margin
slightly bisinuate; lateral marginal bead not overlapping posterolateral corner; posterolateral corner almost
rectangular. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion, forming a sharp anteromedian spine.
Mesoventrite with raised, arrowhead-shaped process, surface pubescent. Metaventrite with strongly raised median
portion that broadly projects anteriorly between mesocoxae and meets mesoventral process; lateral portions of
metaventrite densely pubescent, middle portion more shining, only sparsely pubescent. Metepisternum about 4.5×
as long as wide, parallel-sided. Scutellar shield slightly longer than wide, with punctuation similar to that on
pronotum. Elytra with punctuation similar to that on pronotum, laterally with distinct series of punctures coarser
than ground punctation (Fig. 8); elytral surface without shagreen; sutural stria reaching elytral midlength. Femora
with deep tibial grooves posteriorly. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme apex. Metafemora sparsely
punctate, with dense microsculpture. Tarsi with long dorsal setae and gold ventral setae; metatarsi with last
tarsomere almost as long as third and fourth combined. Claws moderately curved, with a pair of long setae beneath.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites densely pubescent. First abdominal ventrite with a carina only at extreme base;
last ventrite somewhat truncate, slightly emarginate.
Aedeagus (Fig. 25). 0.83mm long. Median lobe rather wide, slightly shorter than parameres, almost truncate
apically, gonopore situated at midlength, transversely oval; parameres slightly longer than median lobe, truncate
apically, distinctly sinuate on outer face in apical fourth, strongly expanded inwards in form of an apical tooth.
Etymology. The new species is named in honour of Elio Gentili, an Italian hydrophilid specialist who has
collaborated with the senior and third authors many times.
Biology. Unknown.
Remarks. This species may be distinguished from other species occurring in China and neighboring area
especially by combination of moderately carinate prosternum forming a sharp anteromedian spine, the first
abdominal ventrite with carina only at extreme base, elytra with distinct lateral series of punctures and the
characteristic aedeagus. This species seems to be most similar to C. himalayanum Hebauer, 2002, but can be
distinguished by the morphology of the aedeagus. The new species has a wide and apically almost truncate median
lobe (narrowly rounded in C. himalayanum); parameres strongly expanded inwards to form an apical tooth
(without projecting inner portion in C. himalayanum). The shape of parameres is most similar to C. rubens
Hebauer, 2002, from which the new species differs by the gonopore situated at midlength (gonopore subapical in C.
rubens).
Distribution. Only known from type locality.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) phallicum Orchymont, 1940
(Fig. 26)
Coelostoma phallicum Orchymont, 1940: 158.
Type material examined. PARATYPE: 1 male (IRSNB): ‟♂ // Nordwestl. China / Chinkiang / Col. Reitter // Para
/ type” [the specimen lacks identification label, but was placed among other paratypes of C. phallicum in the
Orchymont collection and is clearly conspecific with them].

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Additional material examined. HAINAN: 5 spec., Tongshi, 19.xii.1957, Cuiying Li leg., each with a label
“C. phallicum”; 2 spec., same data as the former, but without detected label; 20 spec. (SYSU, NMPC, SYSU):
Bawangling Mts., 2 km SEE of Baotie, 7.v.2011, 19˚6.63′N 109˚6.10′E, 195 m; exposed pool with or without
leaves on the horizontal rock shelves at sides of the stony river, night collecting [MF21], M. Fikáček & V. Kubeček
leg. GUANGDONG: 1 male, Shaoguan, Danxiashan Mount, 27.v.2010, Fenglong Jia leg.; HUNAN: 1 male,
Hengyang, 28.x.1940, Zhelong Pu leg., with a red label “Holotype, Coelostoma hunanensis sp. nov. det. Wu Wu”;
1 female, same data as the former, but with a label “Allotype, Coelostoma hunanensis sp. nov. det. Wu Wu”.
GUANGXI: 1 male, 1 female , outside of gate of Shiwandashan Forest Park, 263 m, in light trap, 7.vii.2011,
Keqing Song leg.; 2 males, 2 females (IZCAS), same data as the former. HONG KONG (PCPA, 5 spec.): 1 male,
20.i.2009 Mui Wo Waterfall in moss on the waterfall, Paul Aston leg.; 1 female, v.2011 Wang Tong; 1 male,
9.viii.2008, Wang Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.; 1 male, 1 female, 27.xi.2010, Tai Mo Shan in slimy water
seepage, circa 800m, Paul Aston leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 5.2–5.5 mm. Prosternum somewhat convex medially, but not carinate, with anterior
tooth. Head and pronotum with finer punctures than on elytra; elytra with lateral portion more or less strongly
punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme apex.
First abdominal ventrite not carinate; last ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig.
26): 1.4 mm long. Median lobe trilobed apically, much shorter than parameres, gonopore subapical.
Biology. Hygropetric.
Distribution. China (Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi), Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam. (Hansen
1999, Orchymont 1940). The record from Xinjiang of China by Orchymont (1940) needs to be reconfirmed.
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) huangi sp. nov.
(Fig. 27)
Type material. HOLOTYPE: male, GUANGXI, Jingxi, Bangliang Nature Reserve, 6.viii.2010, Jianhua Huang
leg. [transcribed from Chinese] (SYSU). PARATYPES: 3 males, 5 females, same data as holotype (SYSU).
JIANGXI: 1 male, Jiulianshan Mount, Daqiutian (trapped in light), 30.viii.2007, Hong Pang leg. [transcribed from
Chinese] (SYSU).
Diagnosis. Body length 5.1–5.5 mm. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion and forming a
finger-shape anteromedian process. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion
more or less strongly punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent,
except at extreme apex. First abdominal ventrite distinctly carinate, fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of
stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 27): 0.80 mm long. Median lobe rather broader than parameres, not emarginate
apically, gonopore subapical; parameres longer than median lobe, outer face of parameres abruptly curved in apical
fourth, apical margin truncate, inner face obliquely truncate apically.
Description. Form and Color. Body length 5.1–5.5 mm, width 3.1–3.2 mm. Body oval, strongly convex.
Dorsum black. Labrum, maxillary palpi, labial palpi yellowish to reddish brown, antennae yellowish to reddish
brown with dark club. Ventral surface black with reddish pubescence. Femora and tibiae dark reddish brown, tarsi
pale reddish.
Head. Surface with dense and moderately strong punctures. Intervals between punctures smooth, but with
transverse microsculpture extremely posteriorly (this part sometimes covered by pronotum). Clypeus truncate
anteriorly. Eyes moderately sized, separated by ca. 5× the width of one eye, not emarginate anteriorly. Mentum
with transverse microsculpture and strong punctures, strongly emarginate anteriorly and depressed anterior half.
Antennae with 9 antennomeres, antennal club loosely segmented. Maxillary palpomere 2 strongly swollen,
palpomere 4 almost symmetrical, rather longer than palpomere 3. Gula very narrow, glabrous.
Thorax. Punctures of pronotum similar to that on head; anterior margin strongly bisinuate; posterior margin
slightly bisinuate; lateral marginal bead reaching posterior corner, not continuing to posterior margin; posterior
corner almost rectangular. Prosternum moderately carinate throughout medial portion and forming a strong finger-
shape anteromedian process. Mesoventrite with raised, arrowhead-shaped process, surface pubescent. Metaventrite
with strongly raised median portion broadly projecting anteriorly between mesocoxae and widely meets
mesoventral process; lateral portions of metaventrite densely pubescent, middle portion more shining, only

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sparsely pubescent. Metepisterna ca. 5× as long as wide, parallel-sided. Scutellar shield slightly longer than wide,
with punctuation as on pronotum. Elytra with similar punctation as on pronotum, lateral and posterior punctures
slightly coarser than those on disc, without traces of series; sutural stria reaching basal half of elytra. Femora with
deep tibial groove posteriorly. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme apex. Metafemora sparsely
punctate, with dense microsculpture. Tarsi with long dorsal setae and gold ventral setae; metatarsi with last
tarsomere longer than third and fourth combined. Claws moderately curved, with a pair of long setae beneath.
Abdomen. Abdominal ventrites densely pubescent. First abdominal ventrite with a sharp carina reaching over
posterior third; last ventrite somewhat truncate, with a row of stout setae apically.
Aedeagus (Fig. 27). 0.80 mm long. Median lobe broader than parameres, not emarginate apically, gonopore
subapical; parameres longer than median lobe, outer face of parameres abruptly curved in apical fourth, apical
margin truncate, inner face obliquely truncate apically.
Etymology. The species is dedicated to Dr. Guohua Huang, the donor of the type specimens.
Biology. All type specimens were collected in light trap.
Remarks. This species is very similar to C. martensi Hebauer, 2002 (Fig. 28) from Nepal, and C. coomani
diversum Orchymont, 1932 from Sumatra. It can be distinguished from C. martensi by larger size (4.5×2.9 mm in
C. martensi), elytra without any trace of series of punctures, median lobe of aedeagus not so broad and dilated
medially and parameres with inner face obliquely truncate apically; from C. coomani diversum it differs by larger
size (4.4×2.8 mm in C. coomani diversum), outer face of parameres abruptly curved in apical fourth (gradually
curved in C. coomani diversum), apical margin broadly truncate (narrow and subtruncate in the latter species),
inner face shortly obliquely truncate apically (long and obliquely truncate apically in the latter species).
Distribution. China (Jiangxi, Guangxi).
Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) wui Orchymont, 1940
(Fig. 29)
Coelostoma wui Orchymont, 1935: 197 (nomen nudum).
Coelostoma wui Orchymont, 1940: 160.
Type material examined: PARATYPE: male (IRSNB): ‟♂ // Nordwestl. China / Chinkiang / col. Reitter // Para /
type” [the specimen lacks identification label, but was placed among other paratypes of C. wui in the Orchymont
collection and is clearly sonspecific with them]
Additional material examined. JIANGXI: 95 spec., Longnan, Jiulianshan, 06-vii.2008, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1
male, Sanqingshan Mount, 15.viii.2006, Fenglong Jia leg.; 12 spec. (NMPC, KSEM): Jinggangshan Mts.,
Xiangzhou, forested valley S of the village, 26°35.5ʼN 114°16.0ʼE, 374 m, under the stones and among sand at the
bak of a stony river below the bridge [MF08], 26.iv.2011, Fikáček & Hájek leg. HUBEI: 1 male, Zigui, Maoping,
80m, 28.iv.1994, Wenzhu Li leg. HUNAN: 1 male, Qianjiang, Anjiang, 20.vi.1965, Zhenyao Chen leg.; 2 spec.,
Huaihua, Yushuwan, 17.vi.1965, Zhenyao Chen leg. SHANDONG: 1 male, Tai’an, with a label “Coelostoma
fabriciusi?” and another label “stultum”. SHAANXI: 1 male, 1 spec., Xi’an, Dayu, 12.v.2011, Fenglong Jia leg.
Diagnosis. Body size 5.2–5.8 mm. Prosternum moderately convex medially, not carinate, with a distinct
anteromedian tooth. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctures; elytra with lateral portion more or less
strongly punctate, without traces of series punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme
apex. First abdominal ventrite distinctly carinate basally, fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout setae
apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 29): 1.8 mm long. Median lobe slightly widening from base to apex, apex widely rounded;
gonopore small, narrow, situated subapically; parameres much longer than median lobe, strongly bent inwards in
apical third, truncate apically.
Biology. Hygropetric. Part of the specimens was collected from under stones at the bank of a stony mountain
river, and from wet rock with some algae.
Distribution. China (Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong), Korea. (Hansen 1999). The record from
Xinjiang of China (Orchymont 1940) needs reconfirmation.

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Coelostoma (Lachnocoelostoma) vagum Orchymont, 1940
(Fig. 30)
Coelostoma vagum Orchymont, 1940: 159.
Type material examined: Coelostoma vagum: PARATYPE: ‟Laos / (Vitalis) // A. dʹOrchymont det. 1922 /
Coelostoma / transcaspicum Reitt. // Para- / type” [the specimen lacks identification label, but was placed among
other paratypes of C.vagum in the Orchymont collection and is clearly sonspecific with them].
Material examined. ?ANHUI: 1 spec., Woo-Fu SSU (?Wuhu), 11.v.1932, with a label “Coelostoma vagum
Orchym, det. C.L. Pu, 1961”. SHANDONG: 1 spec., Tai-an, with a label “Coelostoma vagum Orchym, det. C.L.
Pu, 1961”. YUNNAN: 1 male (IZCAS), Menglun, 11.iv.1982, leg Subai Liao; 1 spec., Mengla Nature Reserve, 4-
5.viii.2007, Jiahui Li leg.; 4 spec., Jingdong, 1170m, 15.iii.1957, let. Guangji Hong, et. al., each with a label
“Coelostoma vagum Orchym, det. C.L. Pu, 1961”; 8 spec., same data as the former, but 26.iv.1957, 1200m; 1 spec.,
22 km north to Jingdong, 12.v.1957, with a label “Coelostoma vagum Orchym, det. C.L. Pu, 1961”; 1 spec., Suburb
of Dali, 2100m, 30.iv.1955, Yang Zhao leg., with a label “Coelostoma vagum Orchym, det. C.L. Pu, 1961”; 2 spec.,
Xishuangbanna, Gannanba, 650m, 13.iii.1957, Fuji Pu leg., with a label “Coelostoma vagum Orchym, det. C.L. Pu,
1961”; 1 spec., same data as the former, but Qiuzhen Liang leg.; 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS), Manfei, Nabanhe
Conv. 10.I. 2004, Li & Tang leg..
Diagnosis. Body size 4.9–5.6 mm. Prosternum moderately convex medially, not carinate, with anteromedian
tooth. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion more or less strongly punctate,
without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora densely pubescent, except at extreme apex. First
abdominal ventrite not carinate, fifth ventrite emarginate and with a row of stout setae apically. Aedeagus (Fig. 30):
1.7 mm long. Median lobe much shorter than parameres, strongly narrowing near apex, pointed apically, gonopore
narrow, situated subapically; parameres relatively slender, with inner face almost straight.
Distribution. China (?Anhui, Shandong, Yunnan), Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam. (Hansen
1999).
Coelostoma (Holocoelostoma) stultum (Walker, 1858)
(Figs. 11–12, 32–33)
Hydrobius stultum Walker, 1858: 209.
Cyclonotum simplex Sharp, 1874: 419.
Coelostoma sulcatum Pu, 1963: 77. New synonym.
Type material examined: Coelostoma sulcatum: PARATYPE: male (SYSU), “Jingdong / 1200m / 26.iv.1957 // A.
Monchadskiy leg. (with Chinese and Russian labels // Coelostoma sulcata Pu // Paratype”;
female?IZCAS?“Xishuangbanna / Gannanba / 540m / 13.iv.1957 // Fuji Pu leg. (Chinese and Russian labels) //
Coelostoma sulcata // IOZ(E)220515; male with lost genitalia (IZCAS), “Xishuangbanna / Gannanba / 540m /
13.iv.1957 // Fuji Pu leg. (Chinese and Russian labels) // Coelostoma sulcata // IQZ(E.)220516.
Additional material examined. GUANGXI: 2 males, 3 females (IZCAS), outside of gate of Shiwandashan
Forest Park, 263 m, in light trap, 7.vii.2011, Keqing Song leg.; 54 spec., Yangshuo, viii.1984, Shoujian Chen leg.;
1 spec., same data as the former, but with a red label “Holotype, Coelostoma guangxiensis, det. Wu Wu”; 1 male,
same data as the former, but with a yellow label “Paratype, Coelostoma guangxiensis, det. Wu Wu”; 1 female, same
data as the former, but with a label “Allotype, Coelostoma guangxiensis, det. Wu Wu”;1 spec., Nanning,
22.vi.1958, Zhelong Pu leg.; 1 spec., same data as the former, but with a label “Paratype, Coelostoma guangxiensis,
det. Wu Wu”; 2 spec., same data as the former, but with a label “Coelostoma guangxiensis”; 4 spec., Nanning,
19.vi.1977, Zhihe Huang leg.; 1 spec., Jinxiu, Luoxiang, 400m, 16.v.1999, Mingyuan Gao leg.; 1 spec., Shangsi,
Hongqi forestry farm, 300m, 29.v.1999, Xin Ke leg. GUANGDONG: 2 spec., Lianjiang, 25.ix.1985, Wu Wu leg.;
2 spec., Huaxian, Dabuling, 26.viii.1983, Zhihe Huang leg.; 2 spec., same data as the former, but with a label
“Paratype, Coelostoma guangxiensis, det. Wu Wu”; 1 spec., Ruyuan, Longxi, 4-5.x.1964, trapped in light; 2 spec.,
Zhuhai, Qi’ao Island, 12.vii.2005, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 spec., Dinghushan Mount, 4.vi.1958, Cuiying Li leg.; 1
spec., Shenzhen, 8-11.viii.2006, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 spec., rice field of Farm, Sun Yat-sen University, 25.iv.1935,
with a label “Coelostoma fabriciusi”; 5 spec., Sihui, Dasha town, 5.vi.1998, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 spec., Xinhui,

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viii.2001, Xiaoli Tong leg.; 1 spec., Fengkai, Heishiding Nature Reserve (in mud of a small pool), 13.viii.2010,
Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 spec., Guangzhou, viii.1938, Zhelong Pu leg.; 1 spec., Guangzhou, Henan cattle farm,
10.x.1985, with label “Coel. sp. 2”; 2 spec., same locality as the former, but 25.vii.1985, each with a yellow label
“Paratype, Coelostoma xizangensis, det. Wu Wu”; 1 spec., the same data as the former, but with a label
“Coelostoma xizangensis”. MACAU: 1 male, 1 female (IZCAS), Ludancheng Ecological Natural Reserve, First
district, 5.iv.2013, Fenglong Jia et Weicai Xie leg. YUNNAN: 3 spec. (IZCAS, OZ(E)1381171, IOZ(E)1381172,
IOZ(E)1381190), Xishuangbanna, Mengla, 620-650m, 25.v.1959, Yiran Zhang leg. 1 spec., Chengjiang, v.1949,
with a label “Coelostoma stultum ?”; 6 spec., Mengla Nature Reserve, 4-5.viii.2007, Jiahui Li leg.; 1 spec.,
Mangshi, 900m, 17.v.1955, Caiyun Zhou leg.; 1 male, Naban village Nabanhe Conserve, 1.vii.2004, Li & Tang
leg.; 1 male, Xishuangbanna, Gannanba, 650m, 13.iii.1957, leg. Qiuzhen Liang (Chinese label and Russian label),
with a label “Coelostoma sulcata Pu” (aedeagus dissected, but lost); 4 spec., Mengla, Wangtianshu Nature Reserve,
light trap, 22.vii.2011, Li Yun leg.; 4 males (ASHC, NME, NMPC): Dali Bai Pref., water reservoir 5 km SSW
Dacang, 25°23ʹ35ʺN 100°11ʹ32ʺE, 1778 m, 17.ix.2009, D. W. Wrase leg.; 1 male, 5 spec. (ASHC, NME, NMPC):
Dali Bai Pref., NE bank of Er Hai, 27 km N Dali, 25°57ʹN 100°09ʹE, 1980 m, under plants/litter, 12.vi.2007, D. W.
Wrase leg.; 4 males (NME, coll. Weigel, 1NMPC): Yishuangbanna, 20 km NW Jinghong, Man Dian vicinity, at
light, 22°08ʹN 100°40ʹE, 740 m, 27.vi.2009, A. Weigel leg.; 5 males (NME, ASHC): same locality, 26.v.2008, A.
Weigel leg.; 1 male (Weigel): same locality, 23.v.2008, A. Weigel leg.; 1 male (Weigel): Yishuangbanna, 23 km
NW Jinghong, Na Ban VIII., 22°10ʹ04ʺN 100°39ʹ52ʺE, 680 m, 5.vi.2008, A. Weigel leg. HUNAN: 2 spec.,
Yizhang, 16.iii.1941, Zhelong Pu leg., each with a label “Coelostoma stultum”. JIANGXI: 2 spec., Nanchang,
ix.1956; 3 spec., Jiujiang, Duchang County, Linshan village, 15-20.viii.2010, Yan Mei leg.; 1 spec. (IZCAS),
Jiulianshan, Huangniushi vegetable field, 26.vi.1975, Youwei Zhang leg.; 1 spec. (IZCAS), Longnan, Jiulianshan,
Daqiutian, 14.vi.1975,. Youwei Zhang leg.; 1 spec. (IZCAS), Longnan, Jiulianshan, 8.vi.1975, in light, Youwei
Zhang leg. FUJIAN: 1 spec., Nanjing, Hexi town (edge of a pool), 13.vii.2010, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 spec., Fu’an,
x.1963, Shanxiang Lin leg. XIZANG: 2 spec., Motuo, Beibeng, 850m, 25.v.1983, Yinheng Han leg., each with a
yellow label “Paratype, Coelostoma xizangensis, det. Wu Wu”; 1 male, same data as the former, but with a red label
“Holotype, Coelostoma xizangensis, det. Wu Wu”; 1 female, same data as the former, but with a label “Allotype,
Coelostoma xizangensis, det. Wu Wu”; 2 spec., same data as the former, but with a label “Coelostoma
xizangensis”. SICHUAN: 1 spec., Ya’an, Yucheng district, Taohua mount (edge of pool), 30.vii.2010, Jia Wang
leg. CHONGQING: 1 spec., Jinfoshan (Nanchuan county), 19.vi.1945, with a label “Coelostoma stultum?, ident.
C.L. Pu” and another label “Coelostoma stultum”; 1 spec., Paganian, Luzon (? locality), with 3 labels “Coelostoma
stultum”. HONG KONG (PCPA, 2 spec.): 1 male, 22.ii.2009, Wang Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.; 1 male,
19.vi.2012, Wang Tong, in light trap, Paul Aston leg.
Diagnosis. Body length 4.2–5.8 mm. Prosternum moderately convex medially, not carinate, without
anteromedian finger-shaped process. Head, pronotum and elytra with similar punctation; elytra with lateral portion
more or less strongly punctate, without traces of series of punctures laterally. Mesofemora without dense
pubescence, but with punctures bearing strong setae (Fig. 11). First abdominal ventrite not carinate, fifth ventrite
emarginate and with a row of stout setae apically (Fig. 12). Aedeagus (Figs 32-33): 0.85 mm long. Median lobe
broad and subparallel, tongue-shaped apically, gonopore situated at apex; parameres longer and much narrower
than median lobe, outer edge broad curved subapically.
Remarks. Pu (1963) described Coelostoma sulcatum as a new species from Sisongpanna (=Xishuangbanna,
type locality) and Chingtung (Jingdong) in Yunnan Province, China. He also recorded this species from Xizang (Pu
1988). The senior author examined two paratypes of this species deposited in IZCAS, of which one is female and
the genitalia of second is lost. Externally, both specimens correspond well with C. stultum, including the apically
emarginate last abdominal ventrite and slightly convex prosternum protruding anteriorly. The senior author was
lucky to check a male paratype from Jingdong and 5 specimens with label data corresponding to those listed by Pu
(1988) for the specimens of C. sulcata recorded by him from Xizang, all deposited in SYSU. We have also
examined specimens recently collected at the type locality (Xishuangbanna), all of them corresponding to the
original description of C. sulcatum and at the same time to C. stultum. After a careful study of all these specimens,
we are sure that C. sulcatum is a junior synonym of C. stultum.
Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Xizang), Andaman Is.,
Burma, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Mascarene Is., Nicobar Is., Oman, Philippines, Saudi Arabia (south),
South Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam. (Hansen 1999, Fikáček et al. 2010)

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FIGURES 15–23. Aedeagus of Chinese Coelostoma. 15: C. fallaciosum, 16: C. vitalisi, 17–18: C. vividum (17: specimen from
Guangdong: Heishiding; 18: paratype from Sumatra: Bengealis), 19: C. orbiculare, 20: C. bifidum sp. nov., 21: C. turnai
(specimen from Hunan), 22: C. hajeki sp. nov., 23: C. hongkongene sp. nov.

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FIGURES 24–31. Aedeagus of Chinese Coelostoma and related species. 24: C. coomani, 25: C. gentilii sp. nov., 26: C.
phallicum, 27: C. huangi sp. nov., 28: C. martensi (paratype from Nepal), 29: C. wui, 30: C. vagum, 31: C. horni from southern
Yunnan: Xishuangbanna).

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FIGURES 32–33. Aedeagus of Coelostoma stultum. 32: from Guangdong, 33: specimen from Xizang identified as C. sulcatum
by Pu (1988).
Species excluded from Chinese fauna
Coelostoma fabricii (Montrouzier, 1860)
Ochthebius Fabricii Montrouzier, 1860: 245.
For complete synonymy see Hansen (1999).
Comments. The type locality of this species is New Caledonia. Orchymont (1928) reported the species from New
Caledonia, Australia, Tasmania, Hawaii, New Guinea, Borneo, Sumatra, Vietnam (Tonkin, Annam) and Laos.
Hansen (1995, 1999) reported this species from Hawaiian Island. The first report of the species from China
(Peiping (=Beijing) and Amoy (=Xiamen, Fujian)) is by Orchymont (1935). Fikáček (2010a) studied the specimens
of C. fabricii from New Caledonia, provided a diagnosis and illustrated the aedeagus. He however followed
Orchymont (1928, 1935) and Hansen (1999) in considering C. fabricii as widely distributed in Southeast Asia and
the West Pacific.
Orchymont (1936) reexamined the specimens from Xiamen, China, recorded by him earlier under the name C.
fabricii (Orchymont 1925, 1935), and treated them together with specimens from Vietnam (Anam, Tonkin),
Sumatra and Borneo as a new species C. fallaciosum. Coelostoma fallaciosum is common in southern China (see
above). All subsequent records of C. fabricii from continental Asia are based on the misidentified records by
Orchymont (1928, 1935). It seems hence very likely that C. fabricii does not occur in continental Asia. The report
on this species from Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi by Jia & Pu (2002) is based on the incorrect identification.
The record from Beijing probably refers to C. orbiculare (Fabricius) that is a very common species in northern
China.
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to Professor Shanyi Zhou and Dr. Guohua Huang, Guangxi Normal University for donation of
valuable specimens. We are indebted to Dr. Jun Chen and Mr. Jian Yao (both IZCAS) for arranging the loan of the
specimens deposited in their institution to us. We thank Dr. Elio Gentili for the linguistinc advice about the names
of some of the new species. Special thanks are given to Mr. Yingming Lee and Eric Chan, Agriculture, Fisheries

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and Convservation Department, for their help during our field work in Hong Kong. This study was supported by
“National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272266)” to FLJ, and by supported by the grant SVV-2013-267
201 to ADH and by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (DKRVO 2014/13, National Museum,
00023272) to MF.
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