New reports of Vaucheria species (Vaucheriales, Xanthophyceae, Heterokontophyta) from the Czech Republic

Abstract

Several Vaucheria species from the Czech Republic were collected and identified, including V. borealis HirN, V. hercyniana rietH and V. woroniniana HeeriNg for the first time from the Czech Republic. Three other species, V. terrestris (vaucHer) LyNgb., V. sessilis (vaucHer) Dc. and V. geminata (vaucHer) Dc. were also recorded.

Full text

New reports of Vaucheria species (Vaucheriales, Xanthophyceae,
Heterokontophyta) from the Czech Republic
Katarína Ne m j o v á 1) & Veronika Ka u f N e r o v á 2)
1)Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University of Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Prague; Czech
Republic; e-mail: nemjova@natur.cuni.cz
2)Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, University of West Bohemia, Klatovská 51, CZ-30619 Plzeň, Czech
Republic; e-mail: veronika_kaufnerova@atlas.cz
Abstract: Several Vaucheria species from the Czech Republic were collected and identied, including V. borealis
Hi r N , V. hercyniana ri e t H and V. woroniniana He e r i N g for the rst time from the Czech Republic. Three other
species, V. terrestris (va u c H e r ) Ly N g b ., V. sessilis (va u c H e r ) Dc. and V. geminata (va u c H e r ) Dc. were also
recorded.
Key words: Vaucheria borealis, V. sessilis, V. hercyniana, V. terrestris, V. geminata, V. woroniniana, algal oristics,
Xanthophyceae, Czech Republic
Introduction
The genus Vaucheria Dc. belongs to Vaucheriales
(Xanthophyceae) (Po t t e r et al. 1997), but it was
earlier referred to Chlorophyceae (e.g. Pa s c H e r
1903, Ho u P P a g H 1930). ri e t H (1980) lists 32
species from Europe, many of which have world-
wide distributions. Representatives occur in
freshwater, brackish and terrestrial ecosystems
(ri e t H 1980, jo H N s o N & me r r i t 2002). Terrestrial
species mostly prefer shaded and moist places,
like in forest road ditches, in pools and on river
and pond margins often appearing as green felt
carpets (ri e t H 1980, et t L & gä r t N e r 1995).
Siphonous, multinucleate tubes are lled-
up with huge vacuoles and parietal, disc-shaped
chloroplasts, usually without pyrenoid. The
tubes are attached to the substrate by colourless
rhizoids (et t L & gä r t N e r 1995). Members of
the genus propagate asexually by synzoospores,
aplanospores and akinetes, whereas sexual
reproduction takes place by oogamy. Individual
species could be dioecious or monoecious and
the reproductive structures could be on the same
short stalk (gametophore), or individually on
the tube. Traditional classication of the species
is mostly based on morphology of these sexual
reproductive structures (ri e t H 1980). Recent
molecular phylogenetic analysis corresponds with
the morphology-based classication (aN D e r s e N &
ba i L e y 2002).
In Czech Republic, in total 10 species have
thus far been reported (Po u l í č k o v á et al. 2004),
however, most of these reports are at least 20 years
old. In this study we identied six species, three
reported for the rst time in the Czech Republic.
Materials and methods
Samples of Vaucheria from ve localities in the Czech
Republic were collected from March to August 2007
(Table 1). Each of the samples had macroscopically
visible siphons with a piece of substratum approximately
1.5 x 1.5 cm. Several samples were observed two or
three days after sampling date using light microscopes
(Olympus CX–31 and BX–51). Photographs were taken
on the Olympus BX–51 with Olympus C–5060 digital
camera and Olympus BX51TF with digital camera
Olympus DP12. ri e t H (1980) and jo H N s o N & me r r i t
(2002) were used to identify Vaucheria samples to the
species level.
Results
In total, we found six Vaucheria species in ve
localities (Table 1).
1) Vaucheria borealis Hi r N (Figs 1a, b)
was found in dried-up pool on forest road in the
Protected Landscape Area (PLA) Kokořínsko.
Fottea 9(1): 53–57, 2009 53

Thalli were 50–85 µm wide. Oogonial dimensions
were 61–97 x 94–121 µm and hooked anteridia
were 25–35 µm wide. This represents the rst
report of this species for the Czech Republic.
2) Vaucheria geminata (va u c H e r ) Dc.
(Figs 1c, d, e)
was found on the margin of an oxbow lake of
the upper Lužnice river near by Nová Ves nad
Lužnicí in South Bohemia. Vegetative laments
were 40–51 µm wide, oogonial size were 33–56
µm x 44–73 µm. The central hooked antheridia
were never longer than lateral oogonia and their
width was 16–26 µm. Oogonia were mostly in
the opposite position. Other record of this species
is from the Nesyt pond near Lednice na Moravě
town (Ko m á r K o v á et al. 1983).
3) Vaucheria hercyniana ri e t H (Figs 2a, b)
was collected on a soil surface on the margin of
a dry puddle on a forest path near a pond close
to the Lednice na Moravě town. The unstalked
antheridia and pairwise reproductive structures at
the end of lament were the main discriminative
features for the identication of this species.
Filaments were 38.5–55 µm wide. Oogonia were
almost spherical with dimensions 88–94 x 88–104
µm. Dimensions of the antheridia were 70–73 x
49–54 µm. Aplanospores were also observed and
they were 68–76 µm wide and 92–95 µm long.
This represents the rst report of this species from
the Czech Republic.
4) Vaucheria sessilis (va u c H e r ) Dc.
(Figs 2c, d)
was found in České Středohoří PLA on the river
margin Granátka near by Dřevce. Width of the
laments ranged between 50–60 µm, oogonial
dimensions were 70–80 x 95–115 µm and
antheridia 25–30 µm wide. This species was
several times reported from different places across
the Czech Republic (Jablonec nad Nisou, Stříbro,
Praha, Rokycany, Rychnov, Tanvald, Velký Osek,
Dukovany, Ludkovice, Šumava, Plzeň - Pa s c H e r
1903, Po u l í č k o v á et al. 2004).
5) Vaucheria terrestris (va u c H e r ) Ly N g b .
(Figs 2e, f)
was found in the same locality as V. sessilis.
Filaments were 50–55 µm wide, oogonia
dimensions were 80–90 x 100–105 µm and
antheridia were 25–30 µm wide. The population
examinated could be classied as V. terrestris var.
nuoljae sK u j a (ri e t H 1980). This species was also
reported from Kounov (Po u l í č k o v á et al. 2004),
about 30 km from our locality in Dřevce.
6) Vaucheria woroniniana He e r i N g
(Fig. 1f)
was collected from a moist forest track in
the surroundings of Mostov village (North
Bohemia). Reproductive structures were similar
to V. geminata, but the terminal antheridium
consistently overlapped the two lateral oogonia,
which is considered to be crucial discriminating
feature of this species (ri e t H 1980). The antheridia
had two lateral pores. The width of the antheridia
was 47–50 µm. Oogonia were oval without any
papilla and their dimensions ranged between
53.5–62 x 76–82 µm. The laments (about 30 µm)
were narrower than generative branches (width
about 40 µm). The population examinated is the
nominate variety, V. woroniniana f. woroniniana
(ri e t H 1980). This represents the rst report of
this species from the Czech Republic.
Table 1. List of found species and their localities
species sampling
date
locality altitude GPS
V. borealis 17. 3. 2007 PLA Kokořínsko, Dolní Zimoř 200 m a. s. l. 50°25‘43.957“N 14°30‘33.74“E
V. geminata 12. 8. 2007 Nature Reserve Horní Lužnice,
Nová Ves nad Lužnicí
474 m a. s. l. 48°49‘14.27“N 14°55‘58.01‘‘E
V. hercyniana 4. 6. 2007 Lednice na Moravě, Lednice
pond
175 m a. s. l. 48°46‘51.857“N 16°48‘13.243“E
V. sessilis 1. 5. 2007 PLA České Středohoří, Dřevce,
river Granátka
600 m a. s. l. 50°29‘41.097“N 13°52‘35.054“E
V. terrestris 1. 5. 2007 PLA České Středohoří, Dřevce,
river Granátka
600 m a. s. l. 50°29‘41.097“N 13°52‘35.054“E
V. woroniniana 7. 8. 2007 forest near the village Mostov 420 m a. s. l. 50°6‘46.243“N 12°29‘27.667“E
54 Ne m j o v á & Ka u f N e r o v á : New reports of Vaucheria species

Discussion
Traditional taxonomy of the genus Vaucheria
Dc. is based on morphology of their reproductive
structures and this morphological classication
corresponds with molecular data (aN D e r s e N
& ba i L e y 2002). The widespread opinion that
Vaucheria populations are hard to determine to
subgeneric levels in nature is based on ndings of
sterile laments. However, for all of the six species
in this study, we were able to nd the reproductive
structures growing in natural conditions. This
may not be considered as exception, because
e.g., Ze L a Z N a -Wi e c Z o r e K (2002) also reported
that spring Vaucheria populations usually have
highest frequence of reproductive structures. Co-
occurence of several Vaucheria species certainly
is a problem for determining which species are
present in natural habitats. Caution and careful
examination of higher number of specimens from
any sample is necessary for correct determination
of all present species.
Many species of Vaucheria have
cosmopolitan distributions, but a few species have
been only once reported in the literature (e.g. V.
birostris j. si m o N s in ri e t H 1980). Uncommon
occurrence of a few species could potentially be
caused by their restricted distributions, or their
generally low abundance and a small population
sizes. Vaucheria sessilis, V. borealis, V. geminata
and V. woroniniana belong to frequently reported
members of the genus (ri e t H 1980). On the other
hand, V. terrestris var. nuoljae was so far only
reported from Lappland (Abisko) (ri e t H 1980).
Vaucheria hercyniana was reported only once
from Harz Mts. in Germany (ri e t H 1980). Thus,
our locality near the Lednice na Moravě town is
the second locality ever reported for this species.
In several Vaucheria species, substratum
preferences have been reported. Vaucheria
terrestris typically occurs in subaerophytic mats
together with V. sessilis and other lamentous
algae (e.g. Tribonema, Spirogyra, Mougeotia and
Zygnema) on soil surfaces on the margins of rivers
and pools (ri e t H 1980), which perfectly concurs
with our data. Vaucheria hercyniana was reported
from ephemeral microhabitats (ri e t H 1980) and
we also found this species on a wet soil surface on
the margin of an ephemeral puddle.
Even if Vaucheria species are widely
distributed and they frequently occur in the central
European landscape, we still do not have sufcient
data on their autecology and biogeography. In this
respect, we believe that further oristic research
on this ecologically important genus is needed.
Acknownledgement
We thank RNDr. Jiří Neustupa, PhD. for reading
the manuscript and worthful advices and Mgr.
Petra Vágnerová for taking the sample from České
Středohoří.
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© Czech Phycological Society
Received February 10, 2008
Accepted April 29, 2008
Fottea 9(1): 53–57, 2009 55

Fig. 1. (a, b) Vaucheria borealis Hi r N : (a) oogonium, (b) antheridium and oogonium, scale bar 40 µm; (c–e) V. geminata
(va u c H e r ) Dc.: (c) generative branch with central antheridium and two oogonia, scale bar 40 µm, (d) generative branch with
central antheridium, scale bar 40 µm, (e) generative branch with central antheridium and two oogonia, scale bar 25 µm; (f) V.
woroniniana He e r i N g generative branch with central antheridium and two oogonia, scale bar 40 µm.
56 Ne m j o v á & Ka u f N e r o v á : New reports of Vaucheria species

Fottea 9(1): 53–57, 2009 57
Fig. 2. (a, b) Vaucheria hercyniana ri e t H : (a) oogonium and sacks antheridium, (b) oogonium, scale bar 40 µm; (c, d) V. sessilis
(va u c H e r ) Dc.: (c) oogonium, scale bar 20 µm, (d) empty antheridium, scale bar 30 µm; (e, f) Vaucheria terrestris (va u c H e r )
Ly N g b .: (e) antheridium and oogonium, scale bar 70 µm, (f) antheridium and oogonium, scale bar 30 µm.

Phycological Workshop in Rožmberk nad Vltavou, 2008.