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New combinations in Luciliocline with notes on South American Gnaphalieae
... Freire & al. (2015) showed that Luciliocline cannot be phylogenetically distinguished from Mniodes and sunk the for mer into the latter. Gamochaeta has almost unanimously been considered to be closely related to Stuckertiella (e.g., Anderberg, 1991;Dillon, 2003), and the latter was sunk into the former by Urtubey & al. (2016), along with Gamochaetopsis. Likewise, Anderberg (1991) considered the relationships of Micropsis as obscure, but most likely within the genera of his Filagogroup. ...
... Likewise, Anderberg (1991) considered the relationships of Micropsis as obscure, but most likely within the genera of his Filagogroup. Based on achenial trichome morphology, Dillon (2003) observed that Berroa, Facelis, and Micropsis are all similar and suggested that Micropsis was more closely related to those taxa than to any within the Filago-group, a suggestion that appears con firmed by Freire & al. (2015). Chionolaena was treated by Freire (1993) as accepted by Anderberg (1991), where several species of Gnaphaliothamnus were synonymized under Chionolaena along with the monospecific genera Parachionolaena and Pseudoligandra (Dillon & Sagástegui Alva, 1990, 1991b. ...
... The discussion has centered on the systematic value of morphological characters (see Ward & al., 2009 for a de tailed account of this discussion). On one side Anderberg and Freire (Freire, 1987;Anderberg, 1991;Anderberg & Freire, 1991) argued for a more or less equal value of all morphologi cal characters, while Dillon (Dillon & Sagástegui Alva, 1990, 1991bDillon, 2003) proposed that achenial trichomes are more important in the delimitation of genera. ...
The Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae) are a cosmopolitan tribe with around 185 genera and 2000 species. The New World is one of the centers of diversity of the tribe with 24 genera and over 100 species, most of which form a clade called the Lucilia-group with 21 genera. However, the generic classification of the Lucilia-group has been controversial with no agreement on delimitation or circumscription of genera. Especially controversial has been the taxonomic value of achenial trichomes and molecular studies have shown equivocal results so far. The major aims of this paper are to provide a nearly complete phylogeny of the Lucilia-group at generic level and to discuss the evolutionary trends and taxonomic significance of achenial trichome morphology. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of the New World Gnaphalieae with nrDNA (ETS, ITS) sequence data from a sampling of 18 genera of the Lucilia-group and utilized these results to examine morphological evolution of achenial trichome types and presence of apical myxogenic cells. Seven well-supported subclades can be recognized within the Lucilia-group (L1–L7). These results support Brazilian and Andean Berroa, Facelis, Lucilia, and Micropsis forming a clade (L1), the inclusion of Chilean Lucilia under Belloa (L2), the monophyly of Stuckertiella +Gamochaeta +Gamochaetopsis (L3), Chevreulia +Cuatrecasasiella (L4) and Antennaria (L5) excluding Antennaria linearifolia, which is resolved in a monophyletic group together with Jalcophila, Loricaria and Mniodes (L6), and the recognition of Gnaphaliothamnus (L7) removed from Brazilian taxa of Chionolaena (L2). Ancestral character state reconstruction of achenial trichome morphology suggests that clades are homogeneous in terms of trichome type, but with exceptions that make it highly homoplastic. Conversely, our results suggest that the presence of myxogenic apical cells is less homoplastic and that closely related species tend to resemble each other more than expected under random variation.
... Our results show that both genera are nested within clade C of the Lucilia group (Figs. 1, 2, 3). The close relationship between Facelis and Micropsis (Fig. 5c, d) had been previously recognized by Dillon (2003). Micropsis, which is a genus of five species restricted to South America, was defined by paleaceous receptacles where paleae enclose the florets, and consequently associated with the genera of the Filago group by Anderberg (1991). ...
... of genus Chionolaena within the Lucilia group (Fig. 3). Anderberg and Freire (1991) considered Gamochaeta to be the sister taxon of the Lucilia group. Gamochaeta (Fig. 5h) was not considered by these authors as belonging to the Lucilia group, since it possesses truncate style branches apically pilose (vs. style branches dorsally pilose,Fig. 6a–e). Dillon (2003) suggested a relationship between Gamochaeta and other members of the Lucilia group, which was confirmed by our results, which show that Gamochaeta and its sister genus Stuckertiella (Fig. 5i) are nested with Gamochaetopsis (Fig. 5g) within clade C (Fig. 3). In our analyses including molecular markers and a combination of molecular and m ...
... The monotypic genus Belloa is here diagnosed by having prostrate stems, caespitose, closely leafy, solitary capitula surrounded by the terminal leaves, tubular corollas and clavate to elongate achenial trichomes (Figs. 5e, 6f, h, i). Dillon (2003) transferred the remaining species of Belloa (except B. kunthiana) sensu Anderberg and Freire (1991) to Luciliocline and diagnosed this genus by its globose achenial trichomes (Fig. 6g). In this sense, Belloa kunthiana because of its elongated achenial trichomes was considered by this author as a member of the genus Lucilia [Lucilia kunthiana (DC.) ...
The Lucilia group sensu Anderberg and Freire comprises nine South American genera: Belloa, Berroa, Chevreulia, Cuatrecasasiella, Facelis, Gamochaetopsis, Jalcophila, Lucilia and Luciliocline. The aims of this contribution were, using DNA sequences from plastid (rpl32-trnL, trnL-F) and nuclear (ITS and ETS) markers, together with morphological characters, to test the monophyly of the Lucilia group and provide new insight into generic circumscriptions. Our studies, including a broad taxon sampling of Gnaphalieae species, suggest that the Lucilia group is paraphyletic, since Antennaria, Chionolaena, Gamochaeta, Loricaria, Micropsis, Mniodes and Stuckertiella are all nested within the Lucilia group. Morphology and molecular analyses combined showed that the traditional generic circumscription of most of the genera (e.g., Berroa, Chevreulia, Chionolaena, Cuatrecasasiella, Facelis, Jalcophila and Micropsis) correlates with the inferred phylogenetic relationships. Conversely, Lucilia and Luciliocline are non-monophyletic. Lucilia is nested in a clade with Berroa, Facelis and Micropsis. Luciliocline is strongly embedded within the clade Belloa pp + Mniodes. Our results are consistent with Dillon’s study that considered Belloa as a montotypic genus (B. chilensis). Luciliocline and the remaining species of Belloa are accommodated in the genus Mniodes, and the necessary combinations are proposed for the expanded Mniodes. All the analyses showed that the monotypic genera Stuckertiella and Gamochaetopsis are in a well-supported clade nested within Gamochaeta, which implies that taxonomic changes are required also for these genera. Internal relationships in the group and the key morphological characters used in the taxonomy of the group, as well as incongruences found between morphological and molecular analyses, are discussed.
... lat.) of Gnaphalieae (e.g. Freire 1986, Anderberg and Freire 1991, Dillon 2003, Freire et al. 2015, Luebert et al. 2017. Gnaphalieae is distinguished by the presence of mostly alternate leaves, often brightly colored, papery involucral bracts that are cartilaginous at the base, "gnaphalioid" pollen, disciform or discoid ...
Chevreulia acuminata is reported for the first time in North America from recent collections in the southeastern United States. Populations from Lee County, Alabama, and one in Troup County, Georgia, were found growing in lawns or grassy areas along with other weeds. Photographs and a description of C. acuminata are provided.
... At present, spermoderm-related characters, particularly achene pubescence, are frequently used in taxonomic studies of family Asteraceae for delimitation of genera, sections, and species (Nichols, 1893;Gleason & Cronquist, 1991;Dilon, 2003;Talukdar & Mukherjee, 2008;Sobhan et al., 2012;Freire et al., 2015). Data on achenial trichomes of Asteraceae from the Russian Far East are summarized by Boyko (2011). ...
Achenial trichomes of 23 taxa of four genera of Asteraceae were studied by means of digital and SEM: eight intrageneric taxa of Solidago L., one of Euthamia (Nutt.) Cass., seven of Erigeron sect. Conyza Less., and seven of Bidens L. It is proved that achenes of all the examined taxa of Erigeron sect. Conyza, Euthamia, and Solidago are covered with duplex trichomes. Within Bidens this feature is variable: indigenous European species B. tripartita L. and B. cernua L. are characterized by simple monostichous multicellular trichomes; the invasive B. frondosa L., by duplex trichomes; the alien B. connata Muhl. ex Willd., by trichomes of both types. Additional characters of taxonomic value were described for several taxa: trichome length, pubescence, surface sculpture, etc. Identification keys based on trichome characters were created for species of Bidens and Solidago.
... Entre los grupos informales establecidos por Anderberg (1991) resalta el 'grupo Lucilia', el cual contiene la mayoría de los géneros chilenos. El reanálisis de dicho grupo ha permitido a Dillon clarificar las especies chilenas entre géneros usualmente confundidos, como Belloa, Lucilia y Luciliocline (Dillon 2000(Dillon , 2003. Gamochaeta es el género de Gnaphalieae más rico (22 especies) en Chile. ...
Los géneros de Asteraceae de Chile
... Entre los grupos informales establecidos por Anderberg (1991) resalta el 'grupo Lucilia', el cual contiene la mayoría de los géneros chilenos. El reanálisis de dicho grupo ha permitido a Dillon clarificar las especies chilenas entre géneros usualmente confundidos, como Belloa, Lucilia y Luciliocline (Dillon 2000(Dillon , 2003. Gamochaeta es el género de Gnaphalieae más rico (22 especies Cronquist (1955) propuso esta tribu como la más primitiva de la familia, pero según el conocimiento actual sería una de las más derivadas (Funk et al. 2005 Reiche (1905) realizó, con los conocimientos de su época, un acucioso análisis de la distribución de los géneros de Compuestas en Chile. ...
Se discute respecto al estado de Conservación de las especies de Asteraceae leñosas nativas de Chile y el estado de su conocimiento.
Changes in the generic boundaries, as suggested by DNA sequence data, have altered concepts of Andean Asteraceae, specifically Belloa J. Rémy, Lucilia Cass., and Mniodes (A.Gray) Benth. (Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae). Over the past 30 years, numerous changes in classification and the resulting transfers have generated confusion. This paper provides a short history of these changes and current information for these genera as they exist in Andean South America. Further, other transfers are provided as suggested by results of sequence analysis data and newly proposed generic concepts: Belloa eriophora (J. Rémy) M. O. Dillon, comb. nov., and Belloa nivea (Phil.) M. O. Dillon, comb. nov. Changes in the diagnosis of Mniodes necessitates the following transfers: Mniodes argentea (Wedd.) M. O. Dillon, comb. nov., M. spathulifolia (Sagást. & M. O. Dillon) M. O. Dillon, comb. nov. and M. turneri (Sagást. & M. O. Dillon) M. O. Dillon, comb. nov.
Gnaphaliothamnus nesomii M.O. Dillon & Luebert (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) is a new species from the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes, Department Huehuetenango, Guatemala. The generic boundaries within the Gnaphalieae have been controversial and the genus Gnaphalio-thamnus has not been universally accepted. New molecular phylogenetic studies support the acceptance of Gnaphaliothamnus as distinct from Chionolaena, which is congruent with cypsela trichome morphology. Two Gnaphalium species are transferred as Pseudognaphalium stolonatum (S.F. Blake) M.O. Dillon and P. paramorum (S.F. Blake) M.O. Dillon.
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