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(2310) Proposal to conserve the name Hypnum uncinulatum against H. pseudocupressiforme (Bryophyta: Hypnaceae)
It is with great pleasure that we announce the XX Cryptogamic Botany Symposium Book of abstracts, reporting the communications on the 22th to the 25th of July 2015. The Cryptogamic Botany Symposium is a biennial gathering of experts dedicated to the study of fungi, algae, lichens, bryophytes and ferns and the most important scientific meeting of this theme in the Iberian Peninsula. This Symposium aims to present and discuss the progress made to date, highlighting the growing importance of the study of the cryptogamic flora for ecosystem management and sustainability of land resources, biotechnological applications and development of methodologies for predicting the effects of local, regional and global environmental change.
This edition is organized jointly by the Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (CIBIO / InBIO) and the Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), both associated with the Oporto University. Organizing committee strongly encourages the participation of all professionals who develop their activity in the area of cryptogamic botany, including in addition to researchers and university students, professionals and representatives of other sectors of activity that promotes technical and scientific exchange and the exchange of expertise.
This study was initiated when we observed that greenhouse cultures of the thallose liverwort Marchantia polymorpha were infested by larvae belonging to the midge family Sciaridae, causing considerable damage to the living thalli. The sciarid turned out to be Scatopsciara cunicularius – a species described as new to science from Germany over 70 years ago and never observed since. We noted that the sciarid fly population seemed to expand during early summer, when the temperatures increased in the greenhouses, suggesting that the life span, especially the larval stage is dependent on temperature. We therefore compared the performance of larvae reared at two constant ambient temperatures, 12.3±0.6º C and 22.6±1.7º C, respectively, in terms of feeding activity. We also studied the duration of the complete life cycle of S. cunicularius. The experiments were carried out inside Petri dishes, at a relative humidity between 101–116%, with a 14/10h day/night-cycle. The developmental period of the sciarids increased in the colder temperature. Larvae reared at colder temperature fed slower but over a longer period than those reared at warmer temperature, causing larger damaged area to the liverwort thallus. The mean periods of egg incubation, development and longevity at the higher temperature were: egg, 4.2; larva, 20.1; pupa, 3.9; and adult, 4.9 days, whereas those at colder temperature were: egg, 13.0; larva 95.0; pupa, 10.6; and adult 7.5 days, respectively. The results suggest that S. cunicularius is a promising future agent for biological control of M. polymorpha in greenhouse cultures.
Las Islas Canarias forman parte de la Región Macaronésica, incluida en uno de los 25 Puntos Calientes de Biodiversidad del planeta o Hotspots (Myers et al., 2000). La biota liquénica de Canarias es extremadamente rica, con más de 1.500 especies citadas en apenas 7.447 km2 (Hernández Padrón & Pérez-Vargas, 2010). Entre los diversos ecosistemas que encontramos en el archipiélago, uno de los más característicos es el monteverde canario, un bosque relíctico y endémico de la Región Macaronésica, hábitat prioritario de interés comunitario (incluido en la Red Natura 2000) y con una superficie total de 7.052,6 hectáreas en el archipiélago canario.
El objetivo de nuestro proyecto es conocer si los líquenes epífitos presentes en el monteverde presentan alguna afinidad respecto al forófito o árbol sobre el que se desarrollan. Para ello se han realizado 6 parcelas de 100 m2 de monteverde húmedo a lo largo de la isla, siguiendo la metodología propuesta por Asta et al. (2002a-b). En esta primera fase del proyecto se han analizado los líquenes epífitos presentes en Morella faya y Laurus novocanariensis. El material recolectado fue identificado en el laboratorio a través de las técnicas habituales de Liquenología, y depositado en el Herbario de la Universidad de La Laguna (TFC-Lich).
Los resultados preliminares obtenidos por NMDS muestran diferencias en la composición liquénica presente en los dos árboles estudiados, lo que nos hace pensar en una posible especificidad de los líquenes hacia sus forófitos. Dicha especificidad podría deberse tanto a características físicas de las cortezas estudiadas, características químicas (pH, por ejemplo), o a una combinación de ambas.
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