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New Muricidae (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) from the Lower Miocene Cantaure Formation of Venezuela.

Authors:
Bernard Manuel Landau at Naturalis Biodiversity Center
Bernard Manuel Landau
Roland Houart at Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
Roland Houart
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Abstract and Figures

Seven new muricine records are added to that for the Lower Miocene Cantaure Formation of Venezuela, four of which are new: Siratus harzhauseri nov. sp. Ocenebra etteri nov. sp., Typhina canaliculata nov. sp. and Laevityphis jungi nov. sp., and three are identified to genus level Phyllonotus sp. cf. P. infrequens (Vokes, 1963), Purpurellus sp. cf. P. repetiti (Vokes, 1970) and Vitularia sp. cf. V. salebrosa (King & Broderip, 1832). The genus Ocenebra is recorded in the western Atlantic for the first time.
Siratus harzhauseri nov. sp., holotype NHMW 2013/0476/0010 (ex BL coll.), height 48.6 mm, 1 km southwest of Casa Cantaure, about 10 km west of Pueblo Nuevo, Falcón, Venezuela, Cantaure Formation, Burdigalian, late early Miocene. Discussion. Siratus harzhauseri nov. sp. is most similar to the Caribbean Pliocene-Recent S. formosus (Sowerby, 1841), but differs in having a more elongated fusiform shell shape, in having a shallowly canaliculated suture, in having P1 and hence the shoulder spine placed lower, closer to mid-whorl and shorter, and in having the intervarical axial ridges more strongly nodulose mid-whorl on the last 1½ whorls. Siratus domingensis (Sowerby, G. B. I, 1850) from the early Pliocene Gurabo Formation of the Dominican Republic is similar to S. formosus and was considered to be ancestral to it by Vokes (1989). Apart for a few exceptionally large specimens, S. domingensis is smaller than either S. formosus or S. harzhauseri, it has smaller spines and a more recurved siphonal canal. Siratus domingensis has three-five intervarical axial ridges, which are narrower and the suture is not canaliculated. Siratus articulatus (Reeve, 1845) from the Pliocene-Recent Caribbean can easily be separated as P1, P3, P5 and P6 form more or less long spines at the apertural varix and the suture is not canaliculated. Another closely similar species is the early Pleistocene to Recent Caribbean Siratus springeri (Bullis, 1964), but this species differs from S. harzhauseri in having convex rather than angular whorl profile, in having only two or three axial intervarical ridges, in having the labral varix deeply excavated on the abapertural side, and in most specimens P1, P5, P6 are strongly developed. Two further Siratus species occur in the Cantaure assemblage: S. quirosensis (F. Hodson, 1931), which is much smaller than S. harzhauseri, with only two axial intervarical ridges that are more prominent than
Siratus harzhauseri nov. sp., holotype NHMW 2013/0476/0010 (ex BL coll.), height 48.6 mm, 1 km southwest of Casa Cantaure, about 10 km west of Pueblo Nuevo, Falcón, Venezuela, Cantaure Formation, Burdigalian, late early Miocene. Discussion. Siratus harzhauseri nov. sp. is most similar to the Caribbean Pliocene-Recent S. formosus (Sowerby, 1841), but differs in having a more elongated fusiform shell shape, in having a shallowly canaliculated suture, in having P1 and hence the shoulder spine placed lower, closer to mid-whorl and shorter, and in having the intervarical axial ridges more strongly nodulose mid-whorl on the last 1½ whorls. Siratus domingensis (Sowerby, G. B. I, 1850) from the early Pliocene Gurabo Formation of the Dominican Republic is similar to S. formosus and was considered to be ancestral to it by Vokes (1989). Apart for a few exceptionally large specimens, S. domingensis is smaller than either S. formosus or S. harzhauseri, it has smaller spines and a more recurved siphonal canal. Siratus domingensis has three-five intervarical axial ridges, which are narrower and the suture is not canaliculated. Siratus articulatus (Reeve, 1845) from the Pliocene-Recent Caribbean can easily be separated as P1, P3, P5 and P6 form more or less long spines at the apertural varix and the suture is not canaliculated. Another closely similar species is the early Pleistocene to Recent Caribbean Siratus springeri (Bullis, 1964), but this species differs from S. harzhauseri in having convex rather than angular whorl profile, in having only two or three axial intervarical ridges, in having the labral varix deeply excavated on the abapertural side, and in most specimens P1, P5, P6 are strongly developed. Two further Siratus species occur in the Cantaure assemblage: S. quirosensis (F. Hodson, 1931), which is much smaller than S. harzhauseri, with only two axial intervarical ridges that are more prominent than
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Typhina canaliculata nov. sp., paratype 1 NHMW 2013/0476/0002 (ex BL coll.), height 23.8 mm, 1 km southwest of Casa Cantaure, about 10 km west of Pueblo Nuevo, Falcón, Venezuela, Cantaure Formation, Burdigalian, late early Miocene.
Typhina canaliculata nov. sp., paratype 1 NHMW 2013/0476/0002 (ex BL coll.), height 23.8 mm, 1 km southwest of Casa Cantaure, about 10 km west of Pueblo Nuevo, Falcón, Venezuela, Cantaure Formation, Burdigalian, late early Miocene.
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Vitularia dominicana Vokes, 1989, Tulane locality 1215 (see Vokes, 1989), Gurabo River, Gurabo Formation, Lower Pliocene, Dominican Republic. Figs 2-3 NHMW 2013/0476/0005, height 40.8 mm; figs 4-5 NHMW 2013/0476/0006, height 53.7 mm; figs 6-7 NHMW 2013/0476/0007, height 49.5 mm
Vitularia dominicana Vokes, 1989, Tulane locality 1215 (see Vokes, 1989), Gurabo River, Gurabo Formation, Lower Pliocene, Dominican Republic. Figs 2-3 NHMW 2013/0476/0005, height 40.8 mm; figs 4-5 NHMW 2013/0476/0006, height 53.7 mm; figs 6-7 NHMW 2013/0476/0007, height 49.5 mm
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