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Additions to the corticioids of the Caucasus from NW Iran

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A recent survey of wood-inhabiting Basidiomycota in NW Iran added 11 corticioids new to Iran, 6 of which are reported for the first time from the Caucasus area. Additional finds of 10 rarely collected species in Iran are presented and data on their occurrence in the Caucasus is also summarised. Most of the species are illustrated and ecological and distribution notes are provided. Some rare or otherwise noteworthy records are Hyphodontia erastii, Melzericium bourdotii, Peniophora laeta, and Tubulicrinis incrassatus.
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MYCOTAXON
Volume 105, pp. 269–293 July–September 2008
Additions to the corticioids of the Caucasus
from NW Iran


ghobadne@mappi.helsinki.fi, nils.hallenberg@dpes.gu.se heikki.kotiranta@ymparisto.fi
1Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum
P.O.Box 7, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
2Dept of Plant and Environmental Institute, Göteborg University
Box 461, S-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
3Finnish Environment Institute, Research Department
P.O. Box 140, FI–00251 Helsinki, Finland
 Basidiomycota 
     
            
             

Hyphodontia erastii, Melzericium bourdotii,Peniophora laeta
Tubulicrinis incrassatus.
Key words Corticiaceae 
Introduction





    Basidiomycota  




            
Quercus Carpinus betulus, 

Juniperus  Taxus baccata, Fraxinus rotundifolia, Lonicera Acer
campestre 

  
    

        Parrotia persica,
Quercus castaneifolia, 


Basidiomycota
Corticiales,
Gloeophyllales, Hymenochaetales, Russulales, elephorales,Trechisporales,
Agaricomycetes 
          
    
Corticiaceae 



... 
             

   
 Acer monspessulanum, Paliurus spina-
christi, Carpinus betulus, Quercus 
Juniperus excelsa
 
 Juglans regia, Prunus armeniaca  
 Juniperus  Paliurus spina-christi  
 Quercus  Carpinus betulus, Taxus
baccata, Juniperus communis
 
 Quercus macranthera, Carpinus betulus,
Acer campestre, Fraxinus exelsior,
Fraxinus rotundifolia
 
 Quercus  Carpinus betulus  
 Quercus  Acer  Lonicera
Viburnum lantana
 
 Quercus  Carpinus betulus  
 Cornus mas, Carpinus betulus, Taxus
baccata, Acer  Quercus 
 
 Paliurus spina-christi, Amygdalus 
Quercus  Lonicera  Cornus mas,
Cotinus coggygria
 
 Quercus  Carpinus betulus, Acer
campestre, Lonicera caucasica
 
Materials and methods
  




(•




     

        
             




New records
Acanthophysellum minor 
Aleurodiscus cerussatus  minor 
Acanthophysium minor 
Aleurodiscus cerussatus  minor       
 Acanthophysium       
Acanthophysellum           
Acanthophysium cerrusatum A. minor     
          

           
Acanthophysellum cerussatum 
  Aleurodiscus cerussatus 

A. minor 

Iran.Juniperus Paliurus
spina-christi,   Juniperus  Croatia.
Pinus nigra,
Acanthophysellum minor.
 
... 
Amylostereum laevigatum
A. laevigatum A. ferreum 


     
Taxus Fagus-Abies 

Taxus 

Amylostereum laevigatum.



        
Abies firma, A. homolepis, Cryptomeria japonica,Picea jezoensis,

Taxus baccata 
   Iran.        Russia.
Taxus,
Dendrocorticium polygonioides.


Dendrocorticium polygonioides 
Corticium polygonioides  




Fagus crenata Quercus
... 
Dendrocorticium polygonioides,
 Megalocystidium luridum,   Scytinostroma aluta, 
Hyphoderma nemorale,


  Iran.   Quercus 

Hyphoderma litschaueri 
H. litschaueri  
Hyphoderma nemorale 
H. litschaueri Betula 

Carpinus betulus,
Quercus Quercus Fagus sylvatica, Prunus
Rhododendron


         
   


Hyphoderma litschaueri.

   Iran.    Carpinus betulus,   
Russia.Quercus,

Hyphodontia erastii 
H. erastii   Hyphodontia sambuci      
 

Carpinus betulus

    Angelica sylvestris, Arctium tomentosum, Caragana 
Carpinus betulus, Filipendula ulmaria, Phragmites, Sambucus kamtschatica,
S. racemosa,
... 
Hyphodontia erastii.




Iran.    
Carpinus betulus,  Carpinus betulus,

Megalocystidium luridum 
Gloeocystidiellum luridum 
Pterocarya pterocarpa 

Carpinus betulus.

Megalocystidium luridum.




Iran. Carpinus betulus,
... 
Melzericium bourdotii.

Melzericium bourdotii 
M. bourdotii Melzericium udicola 

        
M. udicola 


          Juniperus
communis.
Populus
Salix caprea   

Peniophora laeta.

... 
Alnus    
Juniperus communis.
Iran. Juniperus communis,
Peniophora laeta 
Peniophora incarnata    
P. incarnata P. laeta 
Carpinus betulus 
       

  Peniophora laeta 
Tremella mesenterica Carpinus betulus.
T. mesenterica 
P. laeta.
P. laeta 
Carpinus betulusCarpinus 


Carpinus betulus 
Amelanchier pallida A. utahensis 
Tilia cordata 

  Iran.        
Carpinus betulus,Carpinus betulus,
Carpinus betulus, Russia. 
Carpinus,Turkey.

Scytinostroma aluta 

S. aluta        
            
Paliurus spina-christi,
Lonicera 
Sambucus nigra Picea orientalis
Fraxinus Alnus barbata.
      


Iran.  Paliurus spina-christi, 
Lonicera Turkey.
Sambucus,

Scytinostroma aluta.

Tubulicrinis cinctus  
=Tubulicrinis cinctoides 
           
Colacogloea bispora

    
C. bispora,


T. cinctus 
... 
Tubulicrinis cinctus.



     Taxus baccata,   Radulomyces rickii.
Abies Abies 
   Abies, Dacrydium cupressinum,Picea, 
Taxus baccata. 

Iran. Taxus baccata,Russia.
Abies, 
Vuilleminia coryli.

... 
Vuilleminia coryli  
Vuilleminia coryli    V. cystidiata     
V. coryli
        Corylus 
Quercus    Fagus     Fagus-Abies 

Crataegus 
V. coryli,Rosaceae, Crataegus 
V. cystidiata. 
V. coryli Corylus

Corylus.
Acer campestre, Salix caprea Sambucus nigra
Acer campestre

Iran. Crataegus Russia.

    
          Turkey. 
  
Corylus
Additional finds of species rarely collected in Iran


Athelia arachnoidea 
A. arachnoidea 

           
        Quercus  Paliurus spina-christi.

Stereum hirsutum,
Pleurosticta acetabulum
Fibulorhizoctonia carotae 

Picea Fagus, Abies, Picea .




Athelia arachnoidea.


Iran. Quercus,
Paliurus spina-christi,Quercus,
Quercus,Turkey.Picea,

Ceraceomyces serpens 
Ceraceomerulius serpens 
    Fagus
orientalis  Quercus   
 Fagus     Sambucus  Corylus   

Juniperus communis.

Iran. Juniperus communis,
... 
Corticium roseum 
Laeticorticium roseum 
         Fagus  Quercus 

Salix, Populus,Fagus 


Carpinus betulus 

PopulusAlnus 

   Iran.    Carpinus betulus,     
Carpinus betulus,         Russia. 
 Populus,  
Alnus,Alnus,

Hyphoderma nemorale 
Fagus orientalis 
Hyphoderma cremeoalbum      H. litschaueri 
Carpinus betulus
 Quercus         
         
Hyphoderma setigerum  Irpex lacteus,Skeletocutis nivea.


    Hyphoderma incrustatum  
H. nemorale.

  Iran. Carpinus betulus, 
C. betulus,Quercus,
  C. betulus,C. betulus, 
C. betulus,   Quercus,

Hyphodontia subalutacea 

Fagus orientalis.
Pinus Abies 
    
   Juniperus communis  
Cornus mas

Hyphoderma nemorale.


Quercus.AbiesAbies   Pinus 
Pinus-Quercus Picea Picea orientalis 

Iran. Quercus
Juniperus communis,Cornus mas,
Russia.Abies,
Pinus,Turkey.Picea,

Peniophora nuda 

Fagus Carpinus 
 

... 

        Stereum hirsutum, 
Fagus Carpinus 

          
Juniperus 
   Iran.        
Russia.    Fagus,      
Carpinus, P. nuda Turkey.

Peniophora violaceolivida 
      
Carpinus Vaccinium arctostaphylos 



Iran. Populus 

Terana caerulea 
Pulcherricium caeruleum 
           Quercus castaneifolia
.
Corylus Quercus 


Carpinus betulus Cornus mas.
  
     

Iran. Carpinus betulus,
Cornus mas,
Tubulicrinis incrassatus 

Parrotia persica, Carpinus betulus, Quercus
castaneifolia Acer.Juniperus 
Juniperus.
  T. incrassatus        


Tubulicrinis
 incrassatus 
Iran. Juniperus,
Xenasma pruinosum 

Parrotia persica 
         

   Iran.        
Peniophorella praetermissa,
Xenasma pruinosum.


... 
Remarks




       
        Aleurodiscus
 Amylostereum       
Tubulicrinis incrassatus
Acknowledgments




Literature cited
Vuilleminia: V. coryli Basidiomycotina

Aphyllophorales.
  Hymenochaetaceae, Lachnocladiaceae, Coniophoraceae, Schizophyllaceae. 

Aphyllophorales

  

Aphyllophorales

Corticiaceae Coronicium–Hyphoderma.

Corticiaceae Hyphodermella–Mycoacia.

Corticiaceae Mycoaciella–
Phanerochaete.
       Aphyllophorales.   
Juniperus.
Basidiomycota

          

Corticiaceae, Coniophoraceae, Lachnocladiaceae, elephoraceae


    Polyporaceae, Ganodermataceae, Hymenochaetaceae,
Cyphellaceae, Clavariaceae, Auriculariaceae, Tremellaceae, Dacrymycetaceae)    

Corticiaceae 
      Aphyllophorales (Basidiomycetes) 
Heterobasidiomycetes 
Lachnocladiaceae Coniophoraceae
          

            Taxus baccata   



 





 
  
 



Corticiaceae Phlebiella,
anatephorus–Ypsilonidium.
Basidiomycotina

Basidiomycotina,
Aphyllophorales



    
    

Corticium udicola 
      HyphodontiaCorticiaceae  

       Laeticorticium (Aphyllophorales, Corticiaceae) 

Hyphoderma. 
            


Basidiomycota.
... 
       Corticiaceae (Aphyllophorales)   

       Corticiaceae (Aphyllophorales)  

         Basidiomycetes   



          
        

     Corticiaceae   
Corticiaceae 
Castanea sativa 

Corticiaceae 


        

 Aphyllophorales (Basidiomycotina) 

             
Amylostereum areolatum 



Aphyllophorales
Basidiomycetes
     Amylostereum laevigatum     Urocerus atennatus.

    
Amylostereum Echinodontium.
            Corticiaceae
(Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycotina)
     Aphyllophorales     Acanthobasidium–
Cystostereum.
    

            



Acanthofungus rimosus 

Tremella 

... Hyphal system monomitic. Hyphae hyaline, compactly arranged in subhymenium and trama, branching from or near clamps, 2.0-3.5 µm in diameter, thin-walled in subhymenium, thin-to slightly thick-walled in Ecological peculiarities: on decayed wood, preferably of deciduous trees but may also occur on coniferous wood (Núñez, Ryvarden, 1997;Boidin, Gilles, 2001;Ghobad-Nejhad et al., 2008;Ordynets et al., 2013;Urbizu et al., 2014;Tellería et al., 2016). ...
... Europe: Croatia, France, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Ukraine (Bernicchia, Gorjón, 2010). Asia: Iran (Ghobad-Nejhad et al., 2008), Nepal (Núñez, Ryvarden, 1997). Africa: Morocco (Tellería et al., 2016). ...
... Our record on МИКОЛОГИЯ И ФИТОПАТОЛОГИЯ том 55 № 5 2021 VOLOBUEV Quercus macranthera fallen branches from the Tlyaratinsky Zakaznik is the second one for the Caucasus after the Iranian collection also observed on decorticated fallen branch of Quercus sp. (Ghobad-Nejhad et al., 2008). According to Eriksson and Ryvarden (1976) this species prefers dry open localities and inhabits different deciduous substrata, e.g. ...
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New data on 69 species of aphyllophoroid fungi registered in the Tlyaratinsky Federal State Nature Sanctuary (Russia, Dagestan, North-Eastern Caucasus) is presented including 67 species of Agaricomycetes and two species of Dacrymycetes. Sixty-one species are reported from the Tlyaratinsky Zakaznik for the first time, 36 species are new to Dagestan. Amylocorticium suaveolens, Antrodia macra, Ceriporia viridans, Ceriporiopsis resinascens, Coniophora fusispora, Dendrocorticium polygonioides, Trechispora laevis, and T. stevensonii are revealed from the Northern Caucasus for the first time. An annotated list of species with detailed information on substrata, habitats, localities, and numbers of specimens deposited in the Mycological Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE) is provided. A total of 98 species of aphyllophoroid fungi, including four heterobasidioid species (Auricularia auricula-judae, Calocera cornea, C. viscosa, Tulasnella violea) are known to date for the Tlyaratinsky Protected Area.
... Aleurodiscus cerussatus var. minor Pilát (= Acanthophysellum minor (Pilát) Sheng H. Wu, Boidin & C.Y. Chien (2000: 160)) has more or less similar-sized spores to A. persicus, but it has thinner, cream to ochraceous basidiocarps, and distinctly moniliform gloeocystidia (Ghobad-Nejhad et al. 2008). ...
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Aleurodiscus persicus sp. nov. is described from Iran, based on phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU regions as well as on its morphology. The species is characterized by resupinate, whitish to grayish cream, crustose basidiocarps, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped hyphae, presence of acanthophyses, cylindrical to clavate to submoniliform gloeocystidia, and ellipsoid, amyloid basidiospores measuring ca. 8.3–10 × (4.7–) 5–5.8 μm. The new combination Aleurodiscus graminicola (basionym Gloeomyces graminicola) is proposed.
... The specific objective was quantifying differences in macrofungi diversity by dead wood position (downed logs, leaning snags, or standing snags), piece size, and decay class. The results of this research will supplement existing studies that have identified the biodiversity of macrofungi species within the Caspian beech forests (Hallenberg, 1977;Niemala & Uotila, 1977;Gharizadeh et al., 2007;Ghobad-Nejhad et al., 2008), by focusing upon on the specific substrate structural preferences for macrofungi growing on dead wood. Dead wood fungi in Caspian natural beech forests dead wood: (a) the logs as downed dead bole, (b) snags as standing dead tree, and (c) stumps as standing dead tree up to 2 m were recorded. ...
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Aim of study: This study aimed to examine the dead wood inhabiting macrofungi communities occurring on dead beech and hornbeam trees in Caspian forests. Area of study: The Kheiroud forest in the north of Iran. Material and Methods: Data from 205 sampling dead tree were analyzed by means of Generalized Linear Models (GLM) to test the effects of decay stage, DBH, Length or Height on macrofungi diversity. Additionally, tree species, dead wood size, log position, decay stage were used as predictor factors for the number of sporocarps species (NSS) as a fungal species richness and diversity in each dead log using analysis of variance Main results: The number of sporocarps species (NSS) varied in different dead wood size and decay classes. The different stages of decay and the different size classes of dead wood had significantly different species richness of macrofungi. Deadwood in the high-decayed stages contained the highest diversity of fungi. Most of fungi identified on both logs and snags belonged to Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes. The highest value for richness and evenness indices calculated in large diameter dead wood in decay class III. The results indicated the size and decay class of dead wood describe the greatest variance of the model that means the highest number of sporocarps species inhabited on the large dead wood in advanced stage of decaying. Research highlights: Macrofungi diversity varied significantly across pieces of dead wood with downed logs, larger pieces, and wood in later stages of decay having the highest macrofungi diversity.
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Although West Asia potentially represents one of the diversity hotspots for several groups of fungi, our knowledge of the funga in this region is fragmentary. Here, we provide a list of macrofungal species from Iran and performed a comparative analysis of macrofungal diversity in 12 regions worldwide. The list was compiled from relevant national/international conference letters, GenBank submissions, and published literature in Persian, English, and other languages. In total, 1333 species of macrofungal Asco- and Basidiomycota are listed which were reported from 31 provinces of Iran. We have classified the reported fungi into 12 predefined morphogroups, with most of them being agaricoid species (60%). The Hyrcanian forests that stretch along the Caspian Sea coast in northern Iran are the most species-rich region. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) was used to check the number of worldwide occurrences of the reported species which revealed a total of 17 species were exclusively reported from Iran. We suggest that globally rare or low-occurrence species from Iran require global attention and potentially can contribute to the IUCN list of endangered species. Based on comparisons between the macrofungi of Iran and that of various countries, the Iranian species composition is found to be similar to those of the Mediterranean regions.
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