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A new species of Giovanella Bonatto (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellinae) from Colombia

Authors:
Marta Wolff at University of Antioquia Colombia
Marta Wolff
  • University of Antioquia Colombia
Yardany Ramos Pastrana at Universidad de la Amazonia
Yardany Ramos Pastrana
José Roberto Pujol-Luz at University of Brasília
José Roberto Pujol-Luz
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Abstract

A new species of Giovanella Bonatto (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellinae) from Colombia. The Mesembrinellinae are exclusively Neotropical, with 33 nominal species distributed in nine genera. Only the genera Mesembrinella, Eumesembrinella, Huascaromusca and Laneella had until now been recorded in Colombia. In this work we present a new species of Giovanella Bonatto, 2005, genus with only one species, G. bolivar Bonatto, differing from the new species G. carvalhoi sp. nov., in the characters: legs entirely dark chestnut; thorax with dorsocentrals setae 1:2; abdomen with T5 with discal bristles poorly differentiated; T6 symmetric and paraphallus not extended and with denticules. Giovanella carvalhoi sp. nov. is from Cordillera Oriental, from the Departments of Caquetá (Amazonian foothills) and Santander, Colombia, collected between 22002400 m., and associated with decomposing organic matter. A key for the identification of males and females of the two species of Giovanella, illustrations of the genitalia and photographs of male and female of new species are also presented.
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Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 57(2): 129–132, June 2013
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262013005000013
Giovanella Bonatto, 2005 is one of the nine currently recog-
nized genera of the Neotropical subfamily Mesembrinellinae
Shannon, 1926, which includes 33 species distributed from south-
ern Mexico to northern Argentina, 6 of which (in the genera
Mesembrinella, Eumesembrinella, Huascaromusca and Laneella
(Pape et al. 2004; Wolff et al. 2013) are recorded for Colombia.
Giovanella was originally described based on the male holotype
and a female paratype collected at 1000 masl in Bolívar (Vene-
zuela) (Bonatto & Marinoni 2005). A single species was known
up to now, G. bolivar Bonatto, 2005. The shape of the anterior
spiracle and the reduced number intra alar seta (0:1), support
the monophyly of the genus (Bonatto & Marinoni 2005).
Herein, Giovanella carvalhoi sp. nov., is described from
Colombia, Departments of Caquetá (foothills of the Amazon)
and Santander, Cordillera Oriental. A key for morphological
identification of the two species of the genus Giovanella and
illustrations of male genitalia and photographs of male and
female of new species are also presented. This is the first record
of this genus in Colombia and Andean region
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Type specimens were deposited at the “Laboratorio de
Colecciones Entomológicas de la Universidad de Antioquia”,
Colombia (CEUA) and “Colección Entomológica del Museo
de Historia Natural de la Universidad de la Amazonia”, Co-
lombia (CUAM-E).
The holotype of Giovanella bolivar was not examined, and
the identification of the new species was based solely in the
original description of the type-species by Bonatto & Marinoni
(2005). The morphological description used in the diagnosis
and description of the new species follows McAlpine (1981).
Abbreviations follow two sources, McAlpine (1981), and
Bonatto & Marinoni (2005). The measures ‘head width’ and
‘frons width’ follow Whitworth (2006), in which the frons width
is taken from the narrowest point. Body length was recorded
from the frons to the apex of the abdomen, and the wing length
was taken from the alar sclerite to the wing apex. For the study
of the male genitalia, the abdomen was detached from the tho-
rax and submerged in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) at room
temperature during 24 hours, after it was rinsed in acetic acid
for 10 minutes, and in distilled water for 10 minutes and fi-
nally placed in ethanol 70% with glycerin (9:1), until dissec-
tion of the genitalia. For description and illustration purposes
the genitalia was dissected using an Olympus SZ60 micro-
scope; for the photographs of Figs. 1 and 2 we used a digital
camera Leica DFC 500 coupled in a stereomicroscope Leica
MZ16 and edited the captured images in the softwares IM50
(Leica) and Automontage (Syncroscopy); and for the photo-
graphy of Fig. 3 we used a camera Cannon Powershot SX260IS.
All the dissected structures were preserved in 200µL genitalia
vials with glycerin; any remaining parts of the specimen were
mounted on insect pins.
Giovanella Bonatto
Giovanella Bonatto, 2005: 884 (Type-species. Giovanella bolivar Bonatto,
2005: 884; Orig. des.).
The genus Giovanella had not been previously reported
for Colombia.
A new species of Giovanella Bonatto (Diptera, Calliphoridae,
Mesembrinellinae) from Colombia
Marta Wolff1, Yardany Ramos-Pastrana2 & José Roberto Pujol-Luz3
1Grupo de Entomología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, A.A. 1226, Medellín, Colombia. mwolff@matematicas.udea.edu.co
2Grupo Fauna Silvestre, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad de la Amazonia, Sede Centro, Carrera 11 No. 6-69 Barrio Juan XIII, Florencia,
Caquetá, Colombia: bioyardany@yahoo.com.mx
3Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Brasília, 70910-900 Brasilia-DF, Brasil. jrpujol@unb.br
ABSTRACT. A new species of Giovanella Bonatto (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellinae) from Colombia. The Mesembrinellinae
are exclusively Neotropical, with 33 nominal species distributed in nine genera. Only the genera Mesembrinella, Eumesembrinella,
Huascaromusca and Laneella had until now been recorded in Colombia. In this work we present a new species of Giovanella
Bonatto, 2005, genus with only one species, G. bolivar Bonatto, differing from the new species G. carvalhoi sp. nov., in the
characters: legs entirely dark chestnut; thorax with dorsocentrals setae 1:2; abdomen with T5 with discal bristles poorly differenti-
ated; T6 symmetric and paraphallus not extended and with denticules. Giovanella carvalhoi sp. nov. is from Cordillera Oriental,
from the Departments of Caquetá (Amazonian foothills) and Santander, Colombia, collected between 2200–2400 m., and associ-
ated with decomposing organic matter. A key for the identification of males and females of the two species of Giovanella, illustrations
of the genitalia and photographs of male and female of new species are also presented.
KEYWORDS. Andean biodiversity; Andean Region; Insecta.
130 Marta Wolff et al.
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 57(2): 129–132, June 2013
Diagnosis. According to Bonatto & Marinoni (2005), this
genus can be identified by the following combination of char-
acters: anterior spiracle with buttonhole-like opening and no
dorsal dilatation; acrostichal setae absent; intra-alar seta 0:1;
hyaline wings with strongly developed maculae from base to
R2+3; T5 with no discal setae. We consider that character T5
with no discal setae, should be amended, since in the examined
specimens the T5 possesses discal setae (little differentiated),
a condition which approaches Giovanella to Huscaromusca.
Giovanella carvalhoi sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–11)
Diagnosis. This species can be differentiated by the fol-
lowing combination of characters: medium sized; holoptic
male; anterior spiracle with buttonhole opening, with no ante-
rior dilatation; dorsocentral setae 1:2; discal scutellar seta ab-
sent; legs entirely black to dark chestnut; wings hyaline without
strongly differentiated macula, with a grayish subtle patch from
the base to R2+3; T1+2 and T3 with a long single marginal lateral
seta; T4 with entire line of marginal setae; T5 with discal bristles
poorly differentiated and a complete line of thin marginals.
Male description. Head: Width 2.9mm (n = 3), holoptic,
frons narrow, its width at the narrowest point 0.04mm (0.03–
0.05, n = 3), dark chestnut coloration, strongly expanded at
the lunule; parafrontalia with no setae, black colored with sil-
very tomentum; black parafacialia with silvery tomentum, third
distal segment orange-yellow with scant setulae; dark gena
with silvery tomentum, a row of setae with less diameter than
vibrissae and with a few dark setulae; postgena with white
tomentum and longer black and white hairs; pale face and
clypeal membrane; orange palpus; ocellar triangle small and
black, lunule, scape, and pedicel dark chesnut, dark
flagellomere with gold tomentum; black occiput in the first
third and in the transverse medial strip, with white tomentum
and longer black and white hairs in the remaining parts.
Chaetotaxy: two pairs of thin ocellar setae, parallel and
proclinate, the posterior pair thinner and approximately 2/3
the length of the anterior pair; two pairs of parallel and thin
post-ocellar setae; external verticals absent; internal verticals
crossed; one pair of thin and convergent paraverticals; post-
ocular black, uneven in length, and homogeneously distribu-
ted until the gena; interfrontals and orbitals absent; facial carina
slightly prominent, with two or three short and black bristles
in the base above the vibrissa; vibrissa convergent; subvibrissal
seta two thirds the length of the vibrissa.
Thorax: Black mesonotum, with white tomentum cover-
ing the entire thorax, creating well-defined stripes on the
mesonotum and not well-defined on the metanotum; pleura,
postpronotum, and mesonotum dark chestnut with some areas
lighter; anterior spiracle yellow-orange with straight opening
starting at the apical half with no distal widening (Fig 4); pos-
terior spiracle dark chestnut with long setulae which are black
on the lateroposterior and basal-half areas; legs entirely dark
chestnut; mid femur with three apical posterodorsal setae and
one anteromedial; posterior femur with three apical dorsal se-
tae. Chaetotaxy: postpronotal setae (= humeral setae) 2; post
postpronotal setae (= post humeral setae) 2; acrostichal setae
0:0; dorsocentral setae 1:2; intra-alar seta 0:1; supra-alar setae
3 first and last one of equal length, the central one approxi-
mately twice the length and thicker; presutural 1; post-supra-
alar setae 2, the anterior is thinner and half the length of the
posterior one; discal scutellar seta 0; prebasal scutellar seta 1
very thin; basal scutellar seta 1; subapical scutellar seta ab-
sent; proepimeral setae 2; anepisternal setae 6; katepisternal
setae 1+1; merals as an inverted “L”; postalar wall with few
setulae; suprasquamal ridge naked or with a single small seta.
Wings: Hyaline with a mild smoked alar macula starting
at the base, restricted to bc, c, sc, and r1 cells, the remaining
wing only infuscated around veins; tegula and basicosta dark
chestnut with some small areas lighter; subcostal sclerite and
stem vein naked; meeting point of R 2+3 and R 4+5 with tree
reduced setulae. Distance between apex of M and R 4+5 much
less than half the length between apex of R 2+3 and R 4+5.
Upper calypter hyaline, with dark edge; lower calypter na-
ked, dark on its apical half, with lobular internal margin, not
directed towards the scutellum.
Abdomen: Segments 1+2 with yellow coloration dorsally
and ventrally; segment 3 yellow until the posterior ventral
margin, and until the medial region in dorsal view, with dark
chestnut central-lateral macula that expands towards the lat-
eral regions; T 1+2 with a group of poorly differentiated late-
ral discal bristles that do not extend beyond the marginal
bristle; T 1+2 and 3 with a long marginal lateral bristle; T4
with a entire line of long marginal bristles; T5 with discal
bristles poorly differentiated and a complete line of thin
marginals; sternite 5 as the fig (Fig 5).
Terminalia: T6 symmetrical, partially connected to T 7+8
(Fig 6); apical limb of paraphallus not extended and with
denticules arranged on a no lineal fashion (Figs 7, 8); pregonite
and posgonite characteristic (Fig 9); surstyli and cerci arcuate
(Figs 10, 11).
Measurements: Body length 10 mm (n = 3).
Female description. Differs from male in the following char-
acters: Head: Width 3.20mm (3.0-3.30, n = 9), dichoptic, frons
width at the narrowest point 0.75mm (0.70-0.80, n = 9), long,
with a small basal portion near the lunule reddish chestnut and
remaining areas black colored. Chaetotaxy: a pair of crossed
interfrontal bristles; frontals thin and short, vestigial upper or-
bitals; internal verticals, ocellar, post-ocellar and paraverticals
as in the male. Thorax and abdomen: As in the male. Terminalia:
Normal epiproct; T 7 continuous, T 8 continuous and located
dorsally with two bristles on the internal edge.
Measurements: Body length 10 mm (n = 9).
Comments. The specimens were collected with Van
Someren-Rydon traps baited with decomposed fish, which
might relate this species with carrion. A single species has been
described for the genus, G. bolivar. This paper presents char-
acters that clearly allow differentiation of the new species.
Etymology. In honor to Dr. Claudio José Barros de Carvalho,
for his invaluable contribution to the study of the dipterofauna
of Colombia and the training of researchers in this group.
131A new species of Giovanella from Colombia
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 57(2): 129–132, June 2013
Figs. 1–11. Giovanella carvalhoi sp. nov. 1. Male, habitus in lateral view. 2. Female, habitus in lateral view. 3. Female, habitus in dorsal view. 4–11.
Male terminalia. 4. Anterior spiracle. 5. Abdominal sternite 5, ventral view. 6. Abdominal tergite 6 and 7+8, dorsal view. 7. Aedeagus, dorsal view. 8.
Aedeagus, lateral view. 9. Posgonite and pregonite, right lateral view. 10. Epandrium, surstylus and cercus, lateral view. 11. Epandrium, surstylus and
cercus, posterior view.
2.0 mm
2.0 mm
2.0 mm 1 2
3
45
67
89
11
0.25 mm
10
0.25 mm
0.25 mm 0.25 mm
0.25 mm
0.25 mm
0.25 mm
0.25 mm
132 Marta Wolff et al.
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 57(2): 129–132, June 2013
Type material. Holotype male: “CO [Colombia] Caqueta/Florencia,
N01°45 36”, W75°46È24". 2210m [meters] asl/T. vsr fish/03 June, 2011.
Y. Ramos. CEUA [red label]. Paratypes: “CO [Colombia] Caqueta/
Florencia,/Km 49/2210m [meters] asl/T. vsr fish/24 November, 2011. Y.
Ramos. CEUA, one male and two females [green label].
Additional examined material. “COLOMBIA: Caquetá/vía Florencia-
Suaza/”El Pórtico”, 49Km, N01°45’36", W75°46’24". Bosque 2210-2400
m., Van Sommeren-Rydon trap baited with f ish, 10.vi.2011, coll. Y. Ramos,
3 males and 4 females; Santander/Piedecuesta, N07°05’, W73°01’. Bosque
2200-2400 m., Van Sommeren-Rydon trap baited with fish, 25.viii.2001,
colls. P. Duque & A. Vélez, 5 females.
Distribution. Colombia: Caquetá Department, foothills
of the Colombian Amazon and Santander Department of
Cordillera Oriental (Andean system).
Key to the species of genus Giovanella
1. Legs with orange femurs, apical 1/4 chestnut; anterior and
posterior spiracles yellow-orange, T6 asymmetrical; para-
phalus without denticules .................................................
..................................... Giovanella bolivar Bonatto, 2005
1’. Legs entirely dark chestnut; anterior spiracle yellow and
posterior spiracle dark chestnut; T6 symmetrical; para-
phalus with denticules ...... Giovanella carvalhoi sp. nov.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thanks to the entomology seed research of the Univer-
sity of the Amazonia. Biologist Carolina Rivera Alvarez pro-
duced the illustrations. To Colciencias Project 601-2009
(YRP). To Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico
e Tecnológico/CNPq and Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do
Distrito Federal/FAP–DF for the grants (JRPL and MW). To
Estrategia de Sostenibilidad 2013-2014 de la Universidad
de Antioquia for the grants (MW). To Taxonline, Rede
Paranaense de Coleções Biológicas, UFPR for taking pho-
tographs of the male holotype and one female paratype. To
Andres Vélez for taking photograph of dorsal view of the
female. To Dr. Nelson Papavero for comments and sugges-
tions on this manuscript and to anonymous reviewers for use-
ful comments which helped to improve it.
REFERENCES
Bonatto, S.R. & Marinoni, L. 2005. Gêneros e espécies novos de
Mesembrinellinae (Diptera, Calliphoridae) da Costa Rica e Venezuela.
Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 22: 883–890.
McAlpine, J.F. 1981. Morphology and terminology – Adults, p. 9–63. In:
McAlpine, J.F. (ed.). Manual of Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 1, Ottawa,
Research Branch Agriculture Canada, Monograph 27.
Pape, T., Wolff, M. & Amat, E. 2004. Los Califoridos, Estridos, Rinoforidos
y Sarcophagidos de Colombia (Diptera: Calliphoridae, Oestridae,
Rhinophoridae, Sarcophagidae). Revista Biota Colombiana 5: 201–208.
Whitworth, T. 2006. Keys to the genera and species of blow flies (Diptera:
Calliphoridae) of America North of Mexico. Proceedings of the
Entomological Society of Washington 108: 689–725.
Wolff, M., Ramos-Pastrana, Y. & Pujol-Luz, J.R. 2013. Description of the
male of Laneella perisi (Mariluis) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) n. comb.
Neotropical Entomology 42: 58–62.
Received 23 March 2012; accepted 26 April 2013
Associate Editor: Silvio S. Nihei
... Shannon (1923) first suggested it should be a subfamily, Mesembrinellinae, within Calliphoridae. Many researchers followed him (Hall 1948;Roback 1951;Mello 1967Mello , 1969James 1970;Peris & Mariluis 1984;Mariluis 1987;Bonatto & Marinoni 2005;Vargas & Wood 2009;Marinho et al. 2012;Wolff 2013;Wolff et al. 2013a;Wolff et al. 2013b;Wolff et al. 2014). published the last in-depth taxonomic revision of Mesembrinellidae, reviewing its taxonomic history since Robineau-Desvoidy's (1830) establishment of the group "Muscidae Testaceae". ...
... Wolff later described a new species, Mesembrinella patriciae Wolff, 2013. In another study, Wolff et al. (2013b) described a new species of Giovanella, G. carvalhoi, and provided a key to separate this species from G. bolivar. Kosmann et al. (2013) produced a list of valid Neotropical blow fly names, including names of 9 genera and 33 species of Mesembrinellinae. ...
... provided numerous sketches of male, female and larval characters. In a series of recent papers, Wolff and collaborators provided a variety of sketches of terminalia and other characters for several species, including some new species (Wolff 2013;Wolff et al. 2013aWolff et al. , 2013bWolff et al. , 2014Wolff et al. , 2017. ...
A revision of the genera and species of the Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea)
Article
Full-text available
  • Aug 2019
The Neotropical family Mesembrinellidae is revised. A total of 53 valid, extant species are included in the family, including 15 described as new and 38 redescribed based on study of type and non-type material and of the literature. A total of 18 primary types were examined. An additional ca. 2300 specimens, belonging to 47 species, were studied in detail, including dissection and photographic documentation of terminalia, with many females illustrated for the first time. Keys to subfamilies, genera, species-groups and species are provided. Type specimens of six species housed in South American institutions could not be obtained for study, i.e., M. bequaerti Séguy, 1925 and the five recently described species M. andina (Wolff et al., 2014), M. carvalhoi (Wolff et al., 2013b), M. cordillera (Wolff & Ramos-Pastrana in Wolff et al., 2017), M. obscura (Wolff in Wolff et al., 2017) and Laneella patriciae (Wolff, 2013). We accept the synonymy, proposed by previous authors, of Eumesembrinella Townsend, 1931 with Mesembrinella Giglio-Tos, 1893. In addition, we synonymize the genera Albuquerquea Mello, 1967, Giovanella Bonatto in Bonatto & Marinoni, 2005, Henriquella Bonatto in Bonatto & Marinoni, 2005, Huascaromusca Townsend, 1918 and Thompsoniella Guimarães, 1977 with Mesembrinella Giglio-Tos, 1893, synn. nov., retaining three valid genera in the family: Laneella Mello, 1967, Mesembrinella and Souzalopesiella Guimarães, 1977. Laneella nigripes Guimarães, 1977 and Mesembrinella bellardiana Aldrich, 1922 are fixed as the type species of the genera Laneella Mello, 1967 and Mesembrinella Giglio-Tos, 1893, respectively, under Article 70.3 of the ICZN Code. We separate Mesembrinella into the following species-groups: M. latifrons (Mello, 1967), M. spicata Aldrich, 1925, M. bolivar (Bonatto in Bonatto & Marinoni, 2005), M. aeneiventris (Wiedemann, 1830), M. bicolor (Fabricius, 1805), and M. anomala (Guimarães, 1977). The following 15 new species are described: Laneella fusconitida Whitworth, sp. nov. from Costa Rica, Ecuador and Venezuela, Laneella fuscosquamata Whitworth, sp. nov. from Guatemala and Mexico, Laneella purpurea Whitworth, sp. nov. from Costa Rica, Mesembrinella bullata Whitworth, sp. nov. from Bolivia, Mesembrinella chantryi Whitworth, sp. nov. from French Guiana and Brazil, Mesembrinella epandrioaurantia Whitworth, sp. nov. from Venezuela, Mesembrinella guaramacalensis Whitworth, sp. nov. from Venezuela, Mesembrinella longicercus Whitworth, sp. nov. from Bolivia, Mesembrinella mexicana Whitworth, sp. nov. from Mexico, Mesembrinella nigrocoerulea Whitworth, sp. nov. from Costa Rica, Ecuador and Venezuela, Mesembrinella serrata Whitworth, sp. nov. from Peru, Mesembrinella velasquezae Whitworth, sp. nov. from Venezuela, Mesembrinella violacea Whitworth, sp. nov. from Costa Rica, Mesembrinella woodorum Whitworth, sp. nov. from Ecuador, and Mesembrinella zurquiensis Whitworth, sp. nov. from Costa Rica. Mesembrinella abaca Hall, 1948 is proposed as a junior synonym of Mesembrinella socors (Walker, 1861), syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Dexia randa Walker, 1849 (now Mesembrinella) and Mesembrinella pictipennis Aldrich, 1922. We analyze the most extensive DNA-barcode dataset for Mesembrinellidae to date, encompassing the three genera considered valid and including 188 sequences (178 new) from 35 species, with data for 23 species provided for the first time. The topology of the resulting Neighbor-Joining tree is mostly congruent with morphology; however, some species show considerable genetic variation that is not reflected by morphology. Finally, we include a corrigendum to the recent Zootaxa paper on Nearctic Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae) by Tantawi et al.
View
... The Mesembrinellidae can be recognized by the following features: (1) metathoracic spiracles with a reniform lappet and a dorsal opening; (2) wing vein M evenly curved; (3) female post-abdomen not forming a telescopic ovipositor; (4) spermathecae in the shape of long, sclerotized tubes; and (5) macrolarviparous development (Guimarães 1977). With the two species described herein, 38 species are now recognized in the family, distributed in nine genera, all of which almost exclusively inhabit undisturbed or well-preserved native vegetation: Albuquerquea Mello, 1967, Eumesembrinella Townsend, 1931, Giovanella Bonatto in Bonatto & Marinoni, 2005, Huascaromusca Townsend, 1918, Henriquella Bonatto in Bonatto & Marinoni, 2005, Laneella Mello, 1967, Mesembrinella Giglio-Tos, 1893, Souzalopesiella Guimarães, 1977, and Thompsoniella Guimarães, 1977(Guimarães 1977Bonatto & Marinoni 2005;Wolff 2013;Wolff et al. 2013aWolff et al. , 2013bWolff et al. 2014). ...
... Huascaromusca was recovered as close to Giovanella, Thompsoniella, Henriquella and Eumesembrinella. A more recent study based on molecular data (Marinho et al. 2016) supports a proximity of Huascaromusca with Giovanella, with the former paraphyletic with regard to the latter (due to the inclusion of G. carvalhoi Wolff et al., 2013b in the Huascaromusca clade), and shows Eumesembrinella nested inside a paraphyletic Mesembrinella. The taxa sampled in Marinho et al. (2016) did not include Thompsoniella and Henriquella and the position of these two genera within the family is still to be better understood. ...
Two new species of Huascaromusca Townsend from Colombia, and a new combination for Giovanella carvalhoi (Diptera: Mesembrinellidae)
Article
  • Feb 2017
The Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) are a group of exclusively Neotropical flies, with 38 recognized species distributed in nine genera. A total of 11 of these species, present in seven genera, were known to occur in Colombia. Huascaromusca obscura Wolff, sp. nov. and H. cordillera Wolff & Ramos-Pastrana, sp. nov. are herein described and their male terminalia are illustrated. Based on a prior molecular study of the family, Giovanella carvalhoi Wolff et al., 2013 is transferred to Huascaromusca Townsend. A key to all known species of Huascaromusca is provided.
View
... The group comprising Mesembrinella and related genera (Diptera: Calyptratae: Oestroidea) currently includes 36 described species distributed in nine genera (Guimarães, 1977;Bonatto, 2001;Bonatto and Marinoni, 2005;Wolff, 2013;Wolff et al., 2013Wolff et al., , 2014. The entire clade is restricted to the Neotropical region ( Table 1). ...
... The entire clade is restricted to the Neotropical region ( Table 1). The small number of species currently recognized in the group is probably the result of a historical neglect and recent collecting efforts and revisions of entomological collections have led to an increasing number of described species (Bonatto and Marinoni, 2005;Wolff, 2013;Wolff et al., 2013Wolff et al., , 2014. ...
The first phylogenetic study of Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) based on molecular data: Clades and congruence with morphological characters
Article
  • Mar 2016
The Mesembrinellidae (Diptera: Oestroidea) comprise a small group of strictly Neotropical calyptrate flies, with 36 described species. The group has often been treated as a subfamily of Calliphoridae, but there is growing evidence that it corresponds to a distinct Oestroidea lineage. Internal relationships have so far been addressed based only on morphology, with results lacking resolution and support. This is the first molecular phylogeny for the group, which is based on the analyses of 80 terminal taxa (22 mesembrinellid and 28 outgroup species) and 5 molecular markers (ITS2, 28S, COI, COII and 16S). Maximum-parsimony, maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference methods were used, the latter two with partitioning strategies considering codon position and secondary structure information. Results corroborate the Mesembrinellidae as a monophyletic lineage inside Oestroidea. Three clades were consistently recovered: (1) (Laneella + Mesembrinella patriciae); (2) (Mesembrinella (excluding M. patriciae) + Eumesembrinella); and (3) (Huascaromusca + Giovanella). Re-examination of the female reproductive tract of M. patriciae revealed a Laneela-type spermatheca, which corroborates the position of the species recovered in the molecular phylogenetic analyses. Mesembrinella and Huascaromusca are in all cases paraphyletic with regards to Eumesembrinella and Giovanella, respectively. These latter two genera should, thus, be seen as subjective junior synonyms.
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... The number of articles published on Mesembrinellidae has increased markedly since 2006 (Figure 2). The taxon has gained greater attention in the last 15 years, through faunal inventories Buitrago et al., 2011; Luiz et al., 2012;Vasconcelos & Araujo, 2012;Kosmann et al., 2013 Kosmann et al., , 2017Barbosa et al., 2014;Wolff & Kosmann, 2016;Velásquez et al., 2017;Figueiredo et al., 2018) and species descriptions(Bonatto & Marinoni, 2005;Wolff et al., 2013Wolff et al., , 2013aWolff et al., , 2013b Wolff et al., , 2014 Wolff et al., , 2017Solano et al., 2013; Caetano et al., 2018;Whitworth & Yusseff-Vanegas, 2019) mainly from Brazil, Colombia and Argentina. ...
ASPECTOS ECOLÓGICOS E COMPORTAMENTAIS DE MESEMBRINELLIDAE (DIPTERA) EM FRAGMENTO DE MATA ATLÂNTICA EM PERNAMBUCO: implicações para validação de seu potencial forense
Thesis
Full-text available
  • Oct 2022
Mesembrinellidae is a group of Diptera with an exclusively neotropical distribution, about which there is little precise information on ecology and behaviour. The individuals of this family are generally found in humid forests and have an asynanthropic habit, being sensitive to environmental disturbances. Their nutritional and reproductive habits need more scientific evidence. In view of these gaps, this dissertation brings a bibliographic and bibliometric review of the Mesembrinellidae family and an experiment that investigates the abiotic variables and edge effect on the reproductive and feeding dynamics of Mesembrinella bicolor. The sampling was carried out in November 2021 and March 2022 (a second sample for reproductive data), in Mata do Curado (Recife, Pernambuco), an urban fragment of Atlantic Forest with 50 years of regeneration, demarcated as a Wildlife Refuge. An urbanized area of UFPE was also sampled for the control treatment. Using sets of traps baited with fish, pig and banana substrates, at four distances along the forest, 3091 individuals of M. bicolor were collected. These data made it possible to infer about the behaviour and ecology of the species in relation to food preference, reproductive structure and response to the edge effect. The results indicated that the distance in the forest and the abiotic variables (temperature, humidity, luminosity and noise) did not significantly affect the abundance of the species. On the other hand, animal baits attracted 96% of the total abundance of M. bicolor, demonstrating a preference for the substrate origin, but without significant differentiation between pig and fish. Regarding the reproductive structure, a majority of females was observed, with a sex ratio of 0.81 in animal substrates and 0.64 in bananas. It was observed, both at the edge and in the center, that about 85% of the females were fertilized. At the edge, there was a balance between the percentage of eggs and larvae, but at the center, 30% more eggs were observed. These data allowed the following conclusions: i) Well-preserved fragments, even with small size, are capable of maintaining a homogeneous population of M. bicolor; ii) The species did not occur in urban areas and was less abundant on the fragment’s edge, supporting the hypothesis of asynanthropic behaviour; iii) The feeding habit is scavenger (=necrophagous), with the use of fruits as an additional resource; iv) The edge effect does not affect the reproductive aspects of the species.
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... The Mesembrinellidae family is a small group of Diptera exclusively found in the Neotropical Region, and their species are distributed from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, with 36 described species distributed in nine genera [6,10]. Researches involving the family are restricted to the description and identification of species or the discussion of phylogenetic and systematic issues, with implications for taxonomic classification [23][24][25]. ...
Ultrastructure of sensilla on antennae and maxillary palps in three Mesembrinellidae species
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2018
Background: Having the right identification is essential in the field of entomology. The scanning electron microscopy allows rapid and accurate identification of different species of flies since a better visualization of the external morphology of immature and some adults is possible. The aim of this study is to describe some ultrastructures of three flies in the Mesembrinellidae family: Mesembrinella bellardiana; Mesembrinella bicolor and Mesembrinella semihyalina, all examined by scanning electron microscopy to help increase the anatomical database on flies and deal with phlylogenetic implications. Results: The flies were examined under JEOL 6390LV scanning electron microscope (SEM). The microtrichia morphology of the antennae is similar to that of other and are present on all antennal surface with variable distribution. The chaetic sensilla were observed only in the scape (chaetic sensilla I) and pedicel segments (chaetic sensilla I-III). Three types of sensilla: trichoidea, basiconic and clavate were observed in the first flagellomere of M. bellardiana; and two types of sensilla: trichoidea and basiconic were noticed in M. bicolor and M. semihyalina. Olfactory pits were observed in both gender of M. bellardiana and female of M. bicolor. The maxillary palp of the Mesembrinella species in this study does not show sexual dimorphism.
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... The Mesembrinellidae family is a small group of Diptera exclusively found in the Neotropical Region, and their species are distributed from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, with 36 described species distributed in nine genera [6,10]. Researches involving the family are restricted to the description and identification of species or the discussion of phylogenetic and systematic issues, with implications for taxonomic classification [23][24][25]. ...
Ultrastructure of sensilla on antennae and maxillary palps in three Mesembrinellidae species
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2018
  • REV CHIL HIST NAT
Background Having the right identification is essential in the field of entomology. The scanning electron microscopy allows rapid and accurate identification of different species of flies since a better visualization of the external morphology of immature and some adults is possible. The aim of this study is to describe some ultrastructures of three flies in the Mesembrinellidae family: Mesembrinella bellardiana; Mesembrinella bicolor and Mesembrinella semihyalina, all examined by scanning electron microscopy to help increase the anatomical database on flies and deal with phlylogenetic implications. Results The flies were examined under JEOL 6390LV scanning electron microscope (SEM). The microtrichia morphology of the antennae is similar to that of other and are present on all antennal surface with variable distribution. The chaetic sensilla were observed only in the scape (chaetic sensilla I) and pedicel segments (chaetic sensilla I-III). Three types of sensilla: trichoidea, basiconic and clavate were observed in the first flagellomere of M. bellardiana; and two types of sensilla: trichoidea and basiconic were noticed in M. bicolor and M. semihyalina. Olfactory pits were observed in both gender of M. bellardiana and female of M. bicolor . The maxillary palp of the Mesembrinella species in this study does not show sexual dimorphism. Conclusion This investigation provided new findings of some diagnostic structures of flies using SEM, since many of them could have not been observed just by the use of light microscopy.
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... A literature revision revealed that all species of Calliphoridae found in the Americas south of Mexico between the years of 1960 and 2012 were described by Kosmann et al. (2013). Wolff et al. (2013) recently registered a new species of Giovanella Bonatto, 2005 and another of Mesembrinella Giglio-Tos, 1983(Wolff, 2013. There are 29 genera and 99 species recognized distributed in seven Calliphoridae subfamilies: Calliphorinae (three genera and eight species), Chrysomyinae (seven genera and 28 species), Luciliinae (one genus and 17 species), Mesembrinellinae (nine genera and 33 species), Polleniinae (one genus and one species), Rhiniinae (one genus and one species), and Toxotarsinae (seven genera and 11 species). ...
Mesembrinellinae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) to edge effects in the Tinguá Biological Reserve, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Article
Full-text available
  • Nov 2015
In this study we describe the diversity of Mesembrinelinae in a biological reserve in the city of Nova Iguaçu, State of Rio de Janeiro. Traps containing sardines were distributed seasonally, at four sites: Site A (22° 58.788' S, 43° 43.459' W), in a forest edge, and sites B (22° 58.523' S, 43° 44.540' W), C (22° 58.350' S, 43° 44.678' W), and D (22° 34.865' S, 43° 27.063' W), located 1,000m, 500m, and 2,000m respectively, inwards from the edge. A total of 2,150 individuals of Mesembrinellinae were collected, representing ten species. Laneela nigripes Guimarães, 1977 was the most abundant species, followed by Mesembrinella bellardiana Aldrich, 1922, Eumesembrinella cyaneicincta (Surcouf, 1919) and Mesembrinella semihyalina Mello, 1967. These species were common and constant during the study period. Mesembrinella batesi Aldrich, 1922, Eumesembrinella quadrilineata (Fabricius, 1805) and Huascaromusca aeneiventris (Wiedmann, 1830) were the less abundant flies, being considered rare and accidental. Eumesembrinella besnoiti (Seguy, 1925) was rare and accessory. Eumesembrinella cyaneicincta, M. bellardiana, M. semihyalina and M. bicolor were mostly collected in site B, while L. nigripes was mostly collected in site C. The edge effect was not evident since the four sites showed similar populations. Site B showed a strong positive relationship between abundance and richness, in site C the correlation was positive and weak, and there was no correlation in A and D. The highest abundance of specimens was recorded during autumn and winter. These flies occurred from the edge up to 2,000m inside the forest.
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Checklist and distribution maps of the blow flies of Venezuela (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellidae)
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2017
A checklist of the 39 species of blow flies (Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae) so far known to occur in Venezuela is provided, based on a thorough literature review and the examination of ca. 500 specimens deposited in the main entomological collections of the country. Data from the literature and museum collections were used to generate distribution maps for 37 species. Three species are recorded from Venezuela for the first time: Chrysomyaputoria (Wiedemann, 1830), Mesembrinellaspicata Aldrich, 1925 and Mesembrinellaumbrosa Aldrich, 1922.
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Families calliphoridae and mesembrinellidae
Article
  • Jun 2016
Calliphoridae and Mesembrinellidae (Diptera, Oestroidea) are very common groups of flies, the Calliphoridae with worldwide distribution and over 1,000 described species, while the Mesembrinellidae are restricted to the Neotropical Region and founded mainly in areas with undisturbed native vegetation. This catalogue presents two families: Calliphoridae, with 4 subfamilies, 31 species distributed in 12 genera, and Mesembrinellidae, with 7 genera and 21 species.
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Review of Thompsoniella Guimarães with description of a new species from Colombia (Diptera, Calliphoridae, Mesembrinellinae)
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2014
The Mesembrinellinae (Diptera, Calliphoridae) are exclusively Neotropical with nine genera comprising 36 recognized species, including the genus Thompsoniella Guimarães with a single species, T. anomala Guimarães. We de- scribe a new species, Thompsoniella andina sp. nov., from the Departments of Antioquia and Caldas, Colombia (Cordillera Central of the Andes, between 2600–2700 m) and redescribe T. anomala. A key to the nine genera of Mesembrinellinae and a key to the males of the two species of Thompsoniella are provided. Color photographs to illustrate the two species of Thompsoniella and drawings of the male genitalia of both species are also provided. Here we record Thompsoniella for the first time in Colombia.
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Keys to the genera and species of blow flies (Diptera : Calliphoridae) of America North of Mexico
Article
Full-text available
  • Nov 2005
A Key separating Calliphoridae from similar Diptera families in North America is given. Keys to 17 genera and 54 species of North American calliphorids north of Mexico are provided. The distribution and key characters for each species are discussed and 100 illustrations are included. Calliphora montana Shannon is redescribed.
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New genera and species of Mesembrinellinae (Diptera, Calliphoridae) from Costa Rica and Venezuela
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2005
  • REV BRAS ZOOL
The following new taxa are described: Henriquella gen. nov. (type-species Mesembrinella spicata from Costa Rica, La Suiza), Giovanella gen. nov. with Giovanella bolivar sp. nov. (type-species) from Venezuela, Bolivar, and Huascaromusca lara sp. nov. Venezuela, Lara. Mesembrinella spicata Aldrich, 1925 formerly considered as synonym of Calliphora xanthorrhina Bigot, 1887, is reinstated and transferred into Henriquella gen. nov., becoming Henriquella spicata (Aldrich, 1925) sp. rev., comb. nov. Illustrations of the holotypes, including the respective terminalia, are also given.
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Description of the Male of Laneella perisi (Mariluis) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) n. comb
Article
Full-text available
  • Feb 2013
  • NEOTROP ENTOMOL
The male Laneella perisi (Mariluis) n. comb. is described based on specimens collected in the Cordillera Oriental (1,370-1,450 m asl), Florencia-Suaza, Caquetá, Colombia. A key to separate the two species of the genus Laneella and illustrations of the male genitalia and female abdomen, terminalia, and spermatheca are also presented.
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  • Jan 2004
  • 201-208
  • T Pape
  • M Wolff
  • E Amat
Pape, T., Wolff, M. & Amat, E. 2004. Los Califoridos, Estridos, Rinoforidos y Sarcophagidos de Colombia (Diptera: Calliphoridae, Oestridae, Rhinophoridae, Sarcophagidae). Revista Biota Colombiana 5: 201–208.
Bosque 2210-2400 m., Van Sommeren-Rydon trap baited with fish, 10.vi.2011, coll. Y. Ramos, 3 males and 4 females Bosque 2200-2400 m., Van Sommeren-Rydon trap baited with fish, 25.viii
  • Jan 2001
  • Suaza
Suaza/ " El Pórtico ", 49Km, N01°45'36", W75°46'24". Bosque 2210-2400 m., Van Sommeren-Rydon trap baited with fish, 10.vi.2011, coll. Y. Ramos, 3 males and 4 females; Santander/Piedecuesta, N07°05', W73°01'. Bosque 2200-2400 m., Van Sommeren-Rydon trap baited with fish, 25.viii.2001, colls. P. Duque & A. Vélez, 5 females. Distribution. Colombia: Caquetá Department, foothills of the Colombian Amazon and Santander Department of Cordillera Oriental (Andean system).
CO [Colombia] Caqueta/Florencia, N01°45 36 CEUA [red label]. Paratypes: " CO [Colombia] Caqueta Additional examined material COLOMBIA: Caquetá
  • Jul 2011
  • 2210-2210
  • Type Y Holotype Male
  • Ramos
Type material. Holotype male: " CO [Colombia] Caqueta/Florencia, N01°45 36 ", W75°46È24". 2210m [meters] asl/T. vsr fish/03 June, 2011. Y. Ramos. CEUA [red label]. Paratypes: " CO [Colombia] Caqueta/ Florencia,/Km 49/2210m [meters] asl/T. vsr fish/24 November, 2011. Y. Ramos. CEUA, one male and two females [green label]. Additional examined material. " COLOMBIA: Caquetá/vía
Type material. Holotype male: "CO [Colombia] Caqueta/Florencia, N01°45 36
  • Jun 2013
  • REV BRAS ENTOMOL
  • 129-132
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 57(2): 129-132, June 2013 Type material. Holotype male: "CO [Colombia] Caqueta/Florencia, N01°45 36", W75°46È24". 2210m [meters] asl/T. vsr fish/03
Paratypes: "CO [Colombia] Caqueta/ Florencia,/Km 49/2210m
  • Jun 2011
  • Y Ramos
  • Ceua
June, 2011. Y. Ramos. CEUA [red label]. Paratypes: "CO [Colombia] Caqueta/ Florencia,/Km 49/2210m [meters] asl/T. vsr fish/24 November, 2011. Y. Ramos. CEUA, one male and two females [green label].