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Theoretical and experimental researches on a PCF-based SPR sensor
Abstract
A photonic crystal fiber based surface plasmon resonance (PCF-SPR) sensor is simulated by finite element method and experimentally realized. The calculations show that there is an obvious loss peak in the vicinity of 1.2 m while the PCF of LMA-8 is used as a sensor. The suspension of silver nanoparticle mixed with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) is inhaled into the PCF to form a metal film which can be stimulated to generate plasmon in the experiment. A spectrometer is utilized to detect the continuous broadband transmission spectrum from the PCF. The experimental results verify the loss peak. Compared with the theoretical calculations, the offset of loss peak about 40 nm can be acceptable, because the uniformity of the metal coating is difficult to guarantee and the film thickness is difficult to control.
... PCF detectors were used for monitoring stress when temperature is excessive investigated by Deng et al. [11]. Bing Pi-bin et al. investigated for studies, conceptual along with clinical, upon surface plasmon resonance detector [12]. Using PCF as a moisture detector suggested by Li et al. [13]. ...
The authors present an innovative photonic crystal fibre (PCF) detector that has the ability to detect sulphur dioxide (SO2) gas. This deadly gas having no tone at all with a strong aroma. Our suggested sensor is designed with heptagonal cladding along with octagonal core. It displays exclusive performance in detecting SO2 with an elevated relative sensitivity (RS). The max RS for this sensor is 87.39% with a tiny Confinement Loss of 6.8194 × 10⁻⁴ dB/m and having a total loss of 1.80609 × 10⁻² dB/m at optimum frequency of 1.8 THz. Suggested PCF sensor also has effective material loss of 0.017379 cm⁻¹ and effective area of 5.39710 × 10⁻⁸ m². Among the principal air pollutants that can irritate and make respiration tough is SO2 and prolonged exposure could be a factor in permanent breathing problems. It also contributes to the development of acid rain, which damages aquatic environments. Therefore, it becomes necessary to detect this harmful gas and that can be effectively done with the proposed PCF sensor. The suggested PCF sensor can be crucial to minimise the air pollution rate. It will play a vital role for the improvement of human health safety from this deadly element.
... Note that optical sensors have light weight, small size, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and are thus suitable for remote sensing applications [5,6]. Numerous optical fiber based SPR sensors have been reported, including photonic crystal fiber (PCF) [7], fiber Bragg grating (FBG) [8,9], and long period fiber grating (LPFG) [10]. Among them, PCFs have drawn tremendous attention in many sensing domains [11][12][13], due to miniaturized structure, design freedom, and controllable birefringence [14,15]. ...
Due to tremendous design flexibility and ease of light control capability, the photonic crystal fiber offers efficient, flexible, and miniaturized plasmonic biosensors with attractive features. In this work, a high index ( ${{\rm GeO}_2}$ G e O 2 doped silica) core flat fiber is proposed and analyzed for RI sensing ranging from 1.53 to 1.60. A rectangular analyte channel is created on top of a flat fiber to better handle the liquid analyte. To introduce the plasmonic effect, ${{\rm TiO}_2}$ T i O 2 and gold are deposited to the analyte channel. The sensing performance is carried out for two operating wavelengths, as two peaks are obtained for each analyte. The second operating wavelength shows better sensing performance than the first one. However, the proposed sensor offers average wavelength sensitivity of 5000 nm/RIU with a sensor resolution of $2 \times {10^{- 05}}$ 2 × 10 − 05 RIU. In addition, the proposed sensor shows identical linearity, which is quite rare in prior sensors. Moreover, the proposed flat sensor provides outstanding detection accuracy of ${0.01}\;{{\rm nm}^{- 1}}$ 0.01 n m − 1 , detection limit of 79.28 nm, signal to noise ratio of ${-}{4.1497}\;{\rm dB}$ − 4.1497 d B , and figure of merit of ${50}\;{{\rm RIU}^{- 1}}$ 50 R I U − 1 . Owing to outstanding sensing performance and a unique detection range, this sensor can be effectively used in biological and organic analyte sensing applications.
... The single-polarization filter has attracted widespread interest in many fields, such as nanophotonics, due to the flexible and controllable structure of the photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Currently, the mainstream strategy to reduce the cladding refractive index is to design regular and periodic air holes across the cross-section of the PCF [1]. The PCF with this design possesses excellent features such as flat dispersion, unlimited single-mode transmission, high birefringence, as well as large mode field area [2][3][4]. ...
A bimetal-coated single-polarization photonic crystal fiber (PCF) filter based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with a liquid-filled structure is designed and calculated by the finite element method (FEM). The filter has many excellent properties. The y-polarized and x-polarized modes can simultaneously filter at 1310 nm and 1560 nm with unwanted losses 544.3 dB/cm and 147.3 dB/cm, respectively, corresponding to polarized losses as low as 12.3 dB/cm and 24.0 dB/cm. The filtering range can be tuned by adjusting the diameter of the outer air holes ( d 1 ), the diameter of the inner air holes ( d 2 ), and liquid refractive index n . The filtering ranges of x-polarization and y-polarization are 1550–1990 nm and 1310–1830 nm, respectively. The crosstalk (CT) values are 462.0 dB and − 107.1 dB and corresponding available bandwidths are 224 nm and 504 nm at 1310 nm and 1560 nm, respectively.
... Comparative performance of the proposed sensor with the existing sensors has been shown in Table 1. According to Table 2, it can be seen that detection range and wavelength sensitivity of the proposed sensor are comparable with the previous experimental results [30][31][32]. ...
... This chapter is designed to discuss about PCF, conventional PCF and their comparison. Unique features and noble optical characteristics such as high birefringence, high nonlinearity, the endlessly single mode (ESM), flexible chromatic dispersion and the wider design space [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]attracted us to design photonic-crystal fiber (PCF). In the fiber optic technology the PCF started a new era that overcomes many limitations of conventional optical fiber. ...
Here is presented an optimum design for highly sensitive square-cored octagonal photonic crystal fiber (S-OPCF) and Hybrid photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF) based chemical sensor. Full vectorial finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layer (PML) circular boundary has been applied to investigate propagation characteristics of proposed structure, in which both core and cladding are microstructured. Ring numbers, air filling ratios both in core and cladding area and structural shapes in core region are varied to examine sensitivity and confinement loss. After simulation result, it is found that the proposed H-PCF shows a higher sensitivity 40.32% for Ethanol and 34.90% for Methanol at the wavelength 1.33 µm over a wide transmission band. Next, the proposed O-PCF structure increased the sensitivity is 45.05%, 46.87%, 47.35%; the improved confinement loss is 6.64×10-15 dB/m, 2.28×10-14 dB/m, 5.29×10-14dB/m for Water, Ethanol and Benzyne analytes at λ=1.33 µm respectively. After next, five-ring S-OPCF structure is designed and optimized different parameters. The proposed S-OPCF significantly enhances sensitivity and reduces confinement loss for the optimized parameters. Finally the S-OPCF structure improves the sensitivity 1.16, 1.21 and 1.24 times for water, Ethanol and Benzyne analytes respectively compare to prior structure. In addition to this, the proposed structure operates for a wide range of wavelength from 0.6 µm to 2.2 µm.
... Zhang et al. coated the silver in the air-holes and fabricated an in-fiber absorptive polarizer. [23] Bing et al. simulated and fabricated an SPR-PCF with silver-coated holes for sensor, [24] and yet, the research of silver-coating processing for PCF filter is uncommon, so we do the relative research in the hope of offering theoretical results on the silver-coated PCF for filter research and application. ...
In this paper, a novel birefringent photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with the silver-coated and liquid-filled air-holes along the vertical plane is designed. Simulation results show that the thickness of silver layer, the sizes of holes, and the refractive index of liquid strongly strengthen the gaps between two polarized directions. The surface plasmon resonance peak along y axis can be up to 675.8 dB/cm at 1.33 μm. The proposed PCF has important application in polarization devices, such as filters and beam splitters.
... Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) consist of periodically arranged microscopic cylindrical air holes that run along the entire length of fiber [1]. The PCF attracts the researchers due to its unique features and noble optical characteristics such as high birefringence, high nonlinearity, the endlessly single mode, flexible chromatic dispersion and the wider design space, and also its vast area applications of communication and sensing devices [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The design flexibility of PCF fascinates us to design PCF based gas sensors for chemical and biological sensing compared with conventional fibers [9][10][11]. ...
This paper proposes the design and characterization of microstructure optical fiber for gas
sensing applications. The aim is to detect toxic and colorless gases over a wide transmission band
covering 0.80 m to 2.00 m wavelength. Numerical investigation is carried out by using the finite
element method (FEM). The numerical study shows that sensitivity of the proposed sensor is
moderately increased by introducing four non-circular holes around the defected core of photonic
crystal fiber and the confinement loss is also reduced. Furthermore, we confirm that increasing the
diameter of central air core and size of the non-circular holes can improve the relative sensitivity and
the confinement loss is reduced by increasing the diameter of air holes in the cladding. The
enhancement of the relative sensitivity is more than 27.58% (0.1323 to 0.1688) at the wavelength
=1.33m that is the absorption line of methane (CH4) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) gases. The
confinement loss of the fiber is 1.765×108
dB/m.
An asymmetrical configuration of hexagonal lattice photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) refractive index sensor is proposed. Instead of the typical confinement loss method, the lower birefringence peak method is considered to explore the sensing performance. The asymmetry in the core region induces birefringence that enhances the coupling efficiency between the core and surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode. To form the strong SPR effect, both the gold layer and analyte layer are deposited on the external surface of the PCF. The proposed birefringent sensor exhibits the maximum wavelength sensitivity of 22,000 nm/RIU within broad analyte refractive index (RI) from 1.33 to 1.42. The sensing characteristics are carried out with the variation of several PCF structural parameters. Owing to enhanced sensitivity, the proposed sensor can be a potential candidate for biological and biomolecular analyte detection.
We design a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based gas sensor, which works based on evanescent field, by introducing a steering-wheel shape of large noncircular air-hole structure in the cladding region. Further, using the full-vectorial finite element method (FEM), we compute the relative sensitivities of the proposed sensor as 83% and 91% when the operating frequencies are 1THz and 0.5THz, respectively. The proposed sensor is suitable for detecting any kind of chemical and biological gases.
Referring to the invalidity of fused tapering method in fabricating optical fiber couplers based on special fibers, such as photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and elliptical core polarization maintaining fiber (ECPMF), a new fabrication method of fused side-adhered (FSA) coupling based on a pair of side-polished fibers is proposed. Numerical model is set up and simulation analysis is performed to optimize the key parameters of side polished fiber, like the remaining thickness in the polished area. Using the proposed method and the optimized parameters, we conduct experiments to fabricate a single mode fiber coupler and characterize its performance. The results show that fiber couplers with various coupling rate from 0% to 90% can be available with the FSA method, excess loss and output ports wavelength dependence loss are less than 0.5 dB, and 1 dB, respectively, and the coupled port output polarization dependence loss is 0.3 dB at wavelength of 1 310 nm and 0.45 dB at 1 550 nm. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of the FSA method we propose, and supplies theoretical and technical basis in fabricating optical couplers based on special fibers for special requirements.
First of all, Ge15Sb20S65 and Ge25Sb5Se70 bulk chalcogenide glasses with different sizes were prepared and their physical, thermal and optical properties are discussed in detail. A novel coextrusion method is adopted to fabricate the fiber perform based on the stacked billet of multi-material. Then, the preform is jacked with a high strength and high temperature polymer. After that, the preform is drawn into fiber with a specialized fiber drawing tower. The well-controlled cross-section of the fiber with uniform and clear structure is verified by an optical microscope after a well polishing process. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is performed to determine the optical loss. The lowest optical loss of the fiber is 2.63 dB/m at wavelength of 4.8 μm. The infrared fiber field will be benefited very much by this novel fabrication approach.
Chalcogenide glass micro-structure optical fibers (CGMOFs) have wide potential applications in the field of infrared laser energy transmission and infrared optical fiber sensing for their unique optical properties. The problem is that there is no good method to prepare chalcogenide glass micro-structure optical fibers up to now. In this paper, we attempt to fabricate chalcogenide glass micro-structure optical fibers by using the press forming method. A glass extruder is designed to extrude Ge20Sb15Se65 chalcogenide glass into a multi-hole fiber preforms. Then, the extruder preform is drawn into fiber using an improved fiber drawing machine. The infrared transmitting property is measured by using infrared thermal imager and infrared spectrometer. The optical loss of extruded glass is calculated based on the infrared transmission spectra of glass disks with different thicknesses. We also measure fiber cross-section and its diameter by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the infrared transmission spectra of the extruded glass have not decreased obviously. The optical losses of the glasses before and after extruding at 10 μm are 0.25 dB/cm and 0.27 dB/cm. respectively. The strength of chalcogenide glass fiber protected by a thin layer of plastic polymer is 1.45 times of that of a standard silica fiber, promoting the development of chalcogenide glass micro-structure optical fibers.
In this paper, we present the design of a new photonic crystal fiber
(PCF) gas sensor for evanescent-field sensing in terahertz (THz) wave
band. This sensor can be used to identify the gas, and its size is very
large, so that it is beneficial to fill it with the test substance.
Based on simulation, we demonstrate that the gas sensor using PCFs with
four noncircular large holes in the cladding has high sensitivity and
low loss, the confinement loss is less than 0.007 dB/m, and the bending
loss is very small. The new PCF gas sensor can detect kinds of gases,
for example, if test gas is water vapor, it has obvious absorption peaks
in THz band, and the sensitivities of gas sensor are 64% and 73% at
1.097 THz and 0.752 THz, respectively. Due to the ultra-low loss and
high sensitivity of the model, the novel steering-wheel structured fiber
is very suitable for evanescent-field sensing and the detection of
chemical and biological products.
A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on a multi-core photonic
crystal fiber (PCF) is presented in this paper. There is only one
analyte channel positioned in the center of the PCF cross section,
rather than several closely arranged analyte channels around the central
core. So the design of this sensor not only reduces the consumption of
gold and samples, but also effectively avoids the interference between
neighboring analyte channels. Optical field distributions of this fiber
at different wavelengths and the sensing properties of this sensor are
theoretically analyzed and discussed using finite element method (FEM).
Simulation results confirm that both the thickness of metallic layer and
the fiber structural parameters have significant effect on sensing
performance. The amplitude sensitivity of the sensor is found to be
1.74×10-5 RIU, and the spectral sensitivity is 3300
nm/RIU, corresponding to a resolution of 3.03×10-5 RIU.
Finally, in order to achieve PCF-SPR sensing characteristics, an
experiment design scheme based on spectroscopic detection method is
proposed.
This paper presents a theoretical study on a photonic crystal fiber plasmonic refractive index biosensor. The proposed photonic crystal fiber sensor introduces the concept of simultaneous detection with the linearly polarized and radially polarized modes because the sensing performance of the sensor based on both modes is relatively high, which will be useful for selecting the modes to make the detection accurately. The sharp single resonant peaks of the linearly polarized mode and radially polarized mode, are stronger and more sensitive to the variation of analyte refractive index than that of any other polarized mode in this kind of photonic crystal fiber. For linearly polarized mode and radially polarized mode, the maximum sensitivities of 10448.5 nm per refractive index unit and 8230.7 nm per refractive index unit can be obtained, as well as 949.8 and 791.4 for figure of merits in the sensing range of 1.33–1.45, respectively. Compared with the conventional Au-metalized surface plasmon resonance sensors, our device is better and can be applied as a biosensor.
A theoretical analysis is carried out to estimate the performance of a fibre optic sensor
based on long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR). The performance is evaluated in
terms of the sensitivity of the sensor. The results are compared with those for a
conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based fibre optic sensor. It is shown that a
sensor based on LRSPR has a better sensitivity as compared to a conventional SPR sensor.
Its drawback is the higher value of full width at half-minimum (FWHM) of the SPR
spectrum.
Design strategies for microstructured-optical-fiber (MOF-) based surface-plasmon-resonance (SPR) sensors are presented. In such sensors, plasmons on the inner surface of the large metallized channels containing analyte can be excited by a fundamental mode of a single-mode microstructured fiber. Phase matching between a plas-mon and a core mode can be enforced by introducing air-filled microstructures into the fiber core. Particularly, in its simplest implementation, the effective refractive index of a fundamental mode can be lowered to match that of a plasmon by introducing a small central hole into the fiber core. Resolution of the MOF-based sensors is demonstrated to be as low as 3 10 −5 RIU, where RIU means refractive index unit. The ability to integrate large-size microfluidic channels for efficient analyte flow together with a single-mode waveguide of designable modal refractive index is attractive for the development of integrated highly sensitive MOF-SPR sensors op-erating at any designable wavelength. © 2007 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 130.6010, 240.6680, 060.2370.
The concept of a Microstructured Optical Fiber-based Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor with optimized microfluidics is proposed. In such a sensor plasmons on the inner surface of large metallized channels containing analyte can be excited by a fundamental mode of a single mode microstructured fiber. Phase matching between plasmon and a core mode can be enforced by introducing air filled microstructure into the fiber core, thus allowing tuning of the modal refractive index and its matching with that of a plasmon. Integration of large size microfluidic channels for efficient analyte flow together with a single mode waveguide of designable effective refractive index is attractive for the development of integrated highly sensitive MOF-SPR sensors operating at any designable wavelength.
Deposition of semiconductors and metals from chemical precursors onto planar substrates is a well-developed science and technology for microelectronics. Optical fibers are an established platform for both communications technology and fundamental research in photonics. Here, we describe a hybrid technology that integrates key aspects of both engineering disciplines, demonstrating the fabrication of tubes, solid nanowires, coaxial heterojunctions, and longitudinally patterned structures composed of metals, single-crystal semiconductors, and polycrystalline elemental or compound semiconductors within microstructured silica optical fibers. Because the optical fibers are constructed and the functional materials are chemically deposited in distinct and independent steps, the full design flexibilities of both platforms can now be exploited simultaneously for fiber-integrated optoelectronic materials and devices.
In this paper, a fiber-optic temperature sensor network system based on wireless telecommunication technology is proposed for monitoring the safety of electric power systems. Compared with the traditional on-line monitoring system, this system deploys a fiber-optic sensor which is immune to electromagnetic interferences and has the advantages of real-time monitoring and easy network constructing. Photoelectric detection of the weak signal is achieved by employing photoelectric transform, pre-amplification, and narrow band pass filter. The sensor data and control signals are transmitted on a wireless network, so the system can achieve a wide sensing coverage easily. The experimental results show that in the temperature range from -20°C to + 80°C, the temperature accuracy of the system is higher than ±1°C.
To better understand the working principle and improve the performance of the curvature optical fiber sensor, the ray tracing simulation was carried out by using the optical analysis software TracePro, which provides the sensing process. The modulation principle of sensitive zone to light intensity was described by using geometric optics analysis method. The mathematic model of relations among light loss, parameters of sensitive zone's configuration and bending curvature was presented. Experiments were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed mathematic model. The rays will concentrate to the convex side of the bending fiber. That is, the light intensity will increase at convex side while decrease at concave side, which leads to the changes of light leakage at sensitive zone and realizes the modulation to light intensity.
A novel design of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is reported which leads to a highly miniaturized optical fiber sensing element with high sensitivity. A surface plasmon wave is excited on a thin metal film on a side-polished single-mode optical fiber and variations in the refractive index of analyte are detected by measuring changes in the intensity of the light back-reflected from a mirrored end face of the fiber. The operation range of the sensor is tuned toward aqueous media by using a thin tantalum pentoxide overlayer. It is demonstrated that the sensor is capable of detecting changes in the refractive index below 4×10−5.
The optical constants n and k were obtained for the noble metals (copper, silver, and gold) from reflection and transmission measurements on vacuum-evaporated thin films at room temperature, in the spectral range 0.5-6.5 eV. The film-thickness range was 185-500 Å. Three optical measurements were inverted to obtain the film thickness d as well as n and k. The estimated error in d was ± 2 Å, and that in n, k was less than 0.02 over most of the spectral range. The results in the film-thickness range 250-500 Å were independent of thickness, and were unchanged after vacuum annealing or aging in air. The free-electron optical effective masses and relaxation times derived from the results in the near infrared agree satisfactorily with previous values. The interband contribution to the imaginary part of the dielectric constant was obtained by subtracting the free-electron contribution. Some recent theoretical calculations are compared with the results for copper and gold. In addition, some other recent experiments are critically compared with our results.
The design of a fibre optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on silver–gold alloy nanoparticle film is studied. The performance of the proposed sensor is theoretically analysed in terms of its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and sensitivity under different conditions related to the metal layer with silver and gold nanoparticles embedded together in layers to form a single alloy film. The effects of related parameters such as alloy composition ratio, metal nanoparticle size, and alloy film thickness are studied and the physical reasoning behind the results is given. A logical comparison is carried out between a previously proposed metal-host based fibre optic SPR sensor and the present one. The alloy based fibre optic SPR sensor is shown to have better performance than the metal-host based fibre optic SPR sensor.
The current status of optical fiber sensors is reviewed. The optical fiber sensors have certain advantages that include immunity to electromagnetic interference, lightweight, small size, high sensitivity, large bandwidth, and ease in implementing multiplexed or distributed sensors. Strain, temperature and pressure are the most widely studied measurands and the fiber grating sensor represents the most widely studied technology for optical fiber sensors. Fiber-optic gyroscopes and fiber-optic current sensors are good examples of rather mature and commercialized optical fiber sensor technologies. In this paper, among the various fiber-optic sensor technologies, especially, technologies such as fiber grating sensors, fiber-optic gyroscopes, and fiber-optic current sensors are discussed with emphasis on the principles and current status. Today, some success has been found in the commercialization of optical fiber sensors. However, in various fields they still suffer from competition with other mature sensor technologies. However, new ideas are being continuously developed and tested not only for the traditional measurands but also for new applications. 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
In this article, we describe a parametric study of the effects of the size distribution (SD) and the concentration of nanospheres in ethanol on the angular reflectance. Calculations are based on an effective medium approach in which the effective dielectric constant of the mixture is obtained using the Maxwell–Garnett formula. The detectable size limits of gold, aluminum, and silver nanospheres on a 50-nm-thick gold film are calculated to investigate the sensitivity of the reflectance to the SD and the concentration of the nanospheres. The following assumptions are made: (1) the total number of particles in the unit volume of suspension is constant, (2) the nanospheres in the suspension on a gold film have a SD with three different concentrations, and (3) there is no agglomeration and the particles have a log-normal SD, where the effective diameter, d
eff and the effective variance, ν
eff are given. The dependence of the reflectance on the d
eff, ν
eff, and the width of the SD are also investigated numerically. The angular variation of the reflectance as a function of the incident angle shows a strong dependence on the effective size of the metallic nanospheres. The results confirm that the size of the nanospheres (d
eff <100 nm) can be detected by reflected light from the bottom surface of a gold film with a reasonable sensitivity if a proper angle of incidence is chosen based on the type of metallic particles on a gold thin film at λ = 632 nm. We show that the optimum incident angle to characterize the size of nanospheres on a gold film is between 70° and 75° for a given concentration with a particular SD.
Since the first application of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon for sensing almost two decades ago, this method has made great strides both in terms of instrumentation development and applications. SPR sensor technology has been commercialized and SPR biosensors have become a central tool for characterizing and quantifying biomolecular interactions. This paper attempts to review the major developments in SPR technology. Main application areas are outlined and examples of applications of SPR sensor technology are presented. Future prospects of SPR sensor technology are discussed.
In this paper, a theoretical analysis of sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a step-index fiber optic surface plasmon resonance sensor with bimetallic layers (silver and gold) has been carried out. The numerical treatment is based on Kretschmann’s SPR theory and Drude model of metals. The light source considered is a p-polarized one. The potential of different bimetallic ratios (gold as outer one) for the sensing purposes has been analyzed. The effect of different design parameters related to optical fiber as well as sensing layer on sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the sensor has been studied. A comparison between selected ray launching and all guided rays launching in terms of sensitivity and SNR has been performed for different bimetallic ratios. The effect of fiber length and FWHM of a Gaussian input on the sensor’s performance has also been studied. All these studies, leads to a significant analysis to achieve the best possible design of a fiber optic SPR sensor with maximum sensitivity and SNR simultaneously for both laboratory and remote sensing applications.