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as follows: anterior setae
6-12p (8-11);
median setae
26-36p
(11-21); posterior setate 25-33p (9-17). Tarsus
IV
figured
(Fig. 10). Copulatory suckers present on tarsus
IV.
Larva: Length of idiosoma 149-162,,.
(5
specs.). Coxal rods absent.
Holotype: Female, on the inside of a cellophane jam jar cover ex
jam, Papatoetoe, Auckland, 27.x.70, Coll. Mrs. L. Brockbank.
Paratypes: 40 females,
I1
males, with same data as holotype. 3
females,
1
male and larvae ex beetle,
Ptomaphila lacr~mosa
(Silphidae)
,
Levin (originally collected in Australia), 2l.i.7
1,
coll. Ashley Milne.
Holotype and paratypes in the collection of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Levin. Paratypes deposited at the
En-
totnology Division, D.S.I.R., Nelson, the United States National
Museum, Washington D.C., U.S.A., and the British Museum
(N.H.), London.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
My thanks are due to Dr.
E.
B. Britton, Division of Entomo-
logy, C.S.I.R.O., Australia, for identification of the beetle,
Ptoma-
phila lacrymosa,
and to Dr.
E.
W.
Baker, United States National
Museum, Wasington D.C., for checking the specimens of
Suidasia.
REFERENCES
HELSON,
G.
A. H., 1971: The Chemical Control of Pests of Stored
Agricultural produce. Proceedings of the twenty-fourth
New Zealand Weed and Pest Control Conference, pp.
183-189 (see addendum).
HUGHES,
A.
M.,
1961: The Mites of Stored Food. Ministry of
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Technical Bull. No. 9,
pp. 1-287 (see pp. 93-100).
A NOTE ON KERMADEC ISLANDS LEPIDOPTERA
J.
S.
DUGDALE,
Entomology Division, Department of Scientific and Industrial
Research, Nelson.
Meyrick (1910) recorded 46 species of Lepidoptera collected
by
Dr.
W. R. B. Oliver's party during their stay on the Kermadec
Is during 1907-1908. Some additional species were collected by
Mr.
C.
L.
Lindsay in 1929, and Mr.
J.
H. Sorensen in 1944. Mem-
bers of the Meteorological Station on Raoul I. have collected
specimens since 1950. Most of the Oliver specimens and all the
others are held by the Dominion Museum. Some Oliver specimens
bear type tags (red circles), but their status remains in doubt
until they are checked with specimens in the Meyrick Collection
in the British Museum. Other Oliver material is held by the Can-
terbury Museum, Christchurch.
During the period November 1966 -January 1967, Dr.
J.
C.
Watt, Entomology Division, D.S.I.R., accompaned the Ornithological
Society of New Zealand's expedition to Raoul
I.
and amassed for
the Division a large collection of arthropods, including 51 species
of Lepidoptera. Most species were collected at a mercury vapour
light trap, but there is an extensive larval collection resulting from
beating foliage, the sinking of pit traps and extraction from litter.
I
must thank Dr. Watt for giving me the opportunity of examining
this collection, and Mr. Ordish, Dominion Museum, for lending the
Kermadec material under his care.
I
have been unable to examine five of the 66 Lepidopterous
species so far known from the Kermadecs,
(Achaea melicerte, Mel-
anitis leda,
determined by Mr.
G.
V. Hudson; and
Clyphipteryx
scolias
and
Pachryhabda antinoma,
which were apparently kept after
determination by Meyrick). Once these have been examined
a
monograph on the Kermadec Lepidoptera, now in preparation, will
be completed.
The Kernladec Is lie roughly alongside the Kermadec Trench,
aligned NE-SW, with the largest island, Raoul (formerly Sunday)
at latitude 29" 15's. The group lies about 1,000 km north of
Auckland, and is equidistant from East Cape and North Cape of the
North I. (Oliver, 1910). According to Allan (1961, p.xxxv), Raoul
I.
is 29 sq km in area, and supports some 120 plant species, about
15 of which (127~) are endemic. Several plant species are absent
from New Zealand, e.g. the urticaceous tree
Boehmeria dealbata,
and the euphorbiaceous tree
Homolanthus polyandrus.
Dr. Watt did not find 15 species that have previously been
collected on Raoul
I.
Some of these may well prove to be vagrants,
such as
Melantis leda, Calo~tilia octopunctata, Hypena gonospilalis,
Anticarsia irrorata, Sphenarches caffer,
and
Diasemiopsis ramburi-
alis.
The absence in 1966-67 of the arctiid
Nyctemera annulata
is
curious since a suitable host
(Senecio vulgaris)
has been present
on Raoul
I.
since 1907-08 (Oliver 1910, p.174), and there is a
population of
S. lautus
(sens. lat.) on L'Esperance (or French) Rock,
227 km to the SW. Oliver's specinlens could either have been
windblown from New Zealand or from L'Esperance, or perhaps
represent a now extinct population.
The endemic pyralids,
Dracaenura aegialitis
and
Eranistis pan-
dora
were not re-discovered, nor were the possible cosmopterygid
Pachyrhabda antinoma
or the glyphipterygid
Clyphipteryx scolias.
There are 20 new records, including what appears to be new species.
One family, the Blastobasiidae, is newly recorded from Raoul
I.,
and is otherwise unknown from the New Zealand subregion, but is
well represented in Australia and the Pacific.
If all recorded endemics are taken at "face value," then per-
centage endemism is approximately 18%. As knowledge of other
Pacific Is increases, the number of endemics will decrease, as many
so-called endemics have proved to be members of wide ranging
species, populations of which are recognised to be intermittently
panmictic, in modern treatments of Hawaiian Lepidoptera by Zim-
merman (1958a, 195%) and Rapa I. Lepidoptera by Gates Clarke
(1971).
The composition of the fauna is largely Australian-Pacific
(24 species) with a smaller number shared only with Australia and
New Zealand (14 species) and with the Pacific only (12 species).
Only one species
(Graphania insignis)
is characteristic of New Zea-
land; even
Sathrobrota aellotricha
(comb. nov.) is known from
Northfolk I., and is a local derivative of the widespread species
S.
rileyi
(Walsingham). Meyrick arrived at two conclusions (193
0,
p.67)
:
"(the facts indicate) that the islands have always been con-
siderably isolated, and have received their lepidopterous fauna by
the accidental immigration, across a wide stretch of sea, of speci-
mens carried by strong winds" and "Since
.
.
.
. the Lepidoptera
of the Pacific Islands are very little known, it is highly likely that
some at least of these (endemic) species will be found hereafter
amongst other groups of these islands."
Sixty-two years later, Meyrick's conclusions still remain valid.
REFERENCES
ALLAN, H. H., 1.961:
Flora of New Zealand, vol.
I.
Government
Printer, Wellington, N.Z.
GATES CLARKE,
J.
F.,
1971: The Lepidoptera of Rapa Island.
Smithsonian Contributions ,to Zoology,
Nr 56. IV
4-
282
pp., 175 figs., 29 plates.
MEYRICK,
E.,
1910: Lepidoptera from the Kermadec Islands.
Transactions of the New Zealand Institute
42:
67-73.
OLIVER, W. R.
B.,
1910: The Vegetation of the Kermadec Islands.
Transactions of the New Zealand Institute
42:
118-175.
ZIMMERMAN,
E.
C.,
1958a:
Insects of Hawaii,
7.
Macrolepidoptera.
University of Hawaii Press, XVI
-I-
542 pp., 425 figs.
1958b:
Insects of Hawaii,
8. Pyraloidea. University of
Hawaii Press, XI1
+
456 pp., 347 figs.
Lycaenidae
*
1.
Zizeeria otis labradus
Godart
Nymphalidae
2. Hypolimnas bolina
Linnaeus
3.
Melanitis leda
Linnaeus
4.
Bassaris itea
Fabricius
Arctiidae
5.
Nyctemera annulata
Boisduval
6. Utetheisa pulchelloides vaga
Jordan
Blastobasiide
7.
Blastobasis
sp.
Cosmo~tersgidae
--
*
8.
Cosmopteryx attenuatella
Walker
*9.
Pyroderces anarithma
(Meyrick)
*
10. Sathrobrota aellotricha
(Meyrick)
Geometridae
:
Larentiine
11. Ewicvme rubro~unctaria
--
-
Doubleday
'
12. Helastia lucidata
(Walker)
13. Phrissoeonus laticostatus
(~glker)
14.
Phrissogonus testulatua
(Walker)
Remarks
+
+
-
+
-
?
vagrant
+
+
-
-
-
-
comb. nov.,
Pyroderces
- -
=
Euchoeca
- -
=
Hydriomena officiosa
-
=
indicataria
of Hudson
nec Walker
Sterrhinae
15.
Scapula
rubraria
Douhleday
+
'08
'44
+
+
A
-
-
-
Glyphypterygidae
16. Glyphipteryx scolias
Meyrick
-
'08
(?+)
(?+)
-
-
- -
Gracillariidae
Caloptilia (Spiriphora)
octopunctata
Meyrick
Hyponomeutidae
Plutella xylostella
Linnaeus
Plutella sera
Meyrick
Pseudorinympha
sp.
Lyonetidae
Opogona aurisquamosa
(Butler)
Opogona omoscopa
Meyrick
Noctuidae
:
Acronyctinae
Callopistria meridionalis
Collenette
Elydna nonagrica
Walker
Platysenta illecta
(Walker)
Spodoptera Iitura
(Fabricius)
Agrotinae
Agrotis ypsilon anietuma
Diarsia intermixta
Guen6e
Heliothis armigera conf erta
Walker
Catocalinae
Mocis frugalis
Fabricius.
Hadeninae
Craphania insignis
(Walker)
Mythimna loreyi
Duponchel
Pseudaletia separata
Walker
Tiracola plagiata
Walker
Remarks
-
'08 '44
Cosmopolitan on brassicas
+
-
+
+
-
- -
-
-
-
-
-
-
+
f
-
(+)
(+)
cf Gates Clarke, 1971
+
'08
--
-.
++++
+
'44
+ +
- -
-
-
'08
=
Eriopus maillardi
+
'29
'44
-
-
-
++++
+
'08 '50
--
+
f
+ +
=
Caradrina reclusa
+
'08 '44
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
=
Perigea capenses
+
'08 '44
V
+f+++
+
'08 '44
+
+++tf
+
'44
+ +
-
-
-
+
=
Graphiphora compta
Herminiinae
'08
35.
Hydrillodes surata
Meyrick
f
'44
'50
--
-
-
-
(+)
+
?conspecific (Meyrick
1910)
Hypeninae
Remarks
Hypena gonospilalis
Walker
Hyenodinae
Hypenodes costaestrigalis
auct.
Ophiderinae
Anomis flava
Fabricius
Anticarsia irrorata
Fabricius
Achea janata Fabricius
Phytometrinae
Chrysodeixis chalcites
Esper
Oecophoridae
Hofmanophila pseudospre.
tela
Stainton
Pterophoridae
Sphenarches caffer
Zeller
Pyralidae
:
Phycitinae
Homoeosoma
sp. nr.
inex-
plorata
Meyrick
Eudorhope ardescens
Meyrick
+
+
+
'08
'44
-
+
+
+
=
Thermesia rubricans
+
=
Achaea melicerte
Cosmopolitan
+ +
(+)
(+)
c.f. Gates Clarke
1971
+ +
=
Homoeosoma anaspila
of
Meyrick
nee Turner, c.f. Gates
Clarke
1971
Pyraustinae
46. Diasemiaopsis ramhurialis
(Duponchel)
*47. Diplopseustis perieralis
Walker
48. "Dracaenura aegialitis"
Meyrick
49. Endotricha mesenterialis
Walker
50.
Eranistis pandora
Meyrick
Remarks
-
-
*51.
Hesrpetogramma licarsis-
alis
(Walker)
I-
-
.
-
+
+ + + +
c.f. Gates Clarke 1971
52.
Spoladea recurvalis
(Fabricius) +'08'44(+)
+
+ +
+
+
Scopariinae
53.
Scoparia fraeosa
Mevrick
+
'08
--
A
-
- -
-
-
*54. Scoparia
sp. nr.
tivira
Clarke
+
-
-
?
(f)
c.f.
Gates Clarke 1971
Sphingidae
*55. Agrius convolvuli
Linnaeus
+
'44
+
-k++-
f
Tineidae
Chloropleca terpsichorella
Busck
Decadarchis flavistriata
Walsingham
Monopis crocicapitella
Clemens
Monopis
sp. nr
ptilophaga
Enderlein
Tortricidae
:
Eucosminae
Bactra noteraula
Walsingham
Crocidbsema plebejana
Zeller
Lobesia meliscia
Meyrick
Strepsicrates melanotreta
Meyrick
Tortricinae
"Capua semiferana"
Sperchia intractana
Walker
-
-
+
+
c.f.
Gates Clarke 1971
Cosmopolitan
=
M.
ethelella
of Meyrick
nec Newman
(+)
?
(+
related sp on Isle St. Paul)
Cosmopolitan on Malvaceae
-~
- -
(4)
(+)
=
Polychrosis
Species incertae sedis
66.
Pachyrhabda antinoma
Meyrick
+
'08
-
-
-
- -
--
-
--
-.
-
-
