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... To explain why individuals adopt PEB, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) [27] and the Value-Belief-Norm theory (VBN) [28] are among the most popular conceptual frameworks used by the authors. Both frameworks highlight specific sequences of variables that ultimately predict PEB. ...
... Among the set of conceptual frameworks mentioned in the reviewed studies, the TPB [27] (Ajzen, 1991) was the most popular (32% across studies), followed by the VBN theory (ref. [28]; 11% across studies), and the Social Learning Theory (ref. ...
... Among the set of conceptual frameworks mentioned in the reviewed studies, the TPB [27] (Ajzen, 1991) was the most popular (32% across studies), followed by the VBN theory (ref. [28]; 11% across studies), and the Social Learning Theory (ref. ...
Today’s adolescents will inevitably face the negative effects of climate change and will need to engage in pro-environmental behaviors (PEBs) as part of the solutions. The primary objective of this scoping review was to identify the individual, peer and family, and school and community predictors of PEB in adolescence. The secondary objectives were to highlight the main types of PEBs, the main conceptual frameworks examined in adolescence, and the main research gaps mentioned in prior studies. A bibliographic search on multiple databases was conducted. Among the 2578 records identified, 209 were retrieved and assessed for eligibility, and 62 met the inclusion criteria (i.e., peer-reviewed primary research articles published in English in the last ten years with adolescent data). Results reveal a heterogeneous set of correlates with an imbalance favoring individual correlates. The most frequent PEBs in the reviewed studies were linked to energy and water conservation. The most frequent theoretical frameworks were the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Value–Belief–Norm Theory, while the most frequently highlighted research gap was the use of cross-sectional designs. These results can inform the targets of interventions aimed at increasing PEBs, which are fundamental aspects of the psychology of sustainability and sustainable development.
... The theory of planned behavior, first proposed by Ajzen, assumes that an individual's intention to engage in behavior is influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control [11][12][13]. The TPB model is based on the assumption that some conscious reasoning is involved in the formation of intentions to perform specific behaviors [14][15][16]. ...
... TPB was applied to support the consideration of psychological factors in self-controlled and socially influenced decision-making [15,17,18]. The TPB is based on the idea that people generally take into account implications of their behaviors before they [11,19]. Recently, this model has been widely used to explore the intention of people's behavioral intentions [20,21]. ...
... Perceived behavioral control refers to the perceived ease or difficulty of performing the behavior, and the amount of control one has over the attained the behavior's goals [11]. Prior research has identified that perceived behavioral control is an important component influencing people's behaviors [8]. ...
AI Generated Content Law was extensively promoted in 2023; hence, it is crucial to uncover factors influencing people’s behavioral intentions to comply with the AI Generated Content Law. This study extends the theory of planned behavior to explore the factors influencing people to follow AI Generated Content Law in China. In addition to the factors in TPB model, such as one’s attitudinal factors, normative factors, and perceived behavioral control, we add another factor-moral obligation to extend the theory of planned behavior model. We used convenient sampling and there were 712 effective samples. Using the statistical software Amos17.0, the result shows that attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and moral obligation all have positive effects on intentions to follow AI Generated Content Law.
... The motivating variables that influence behavior are considered to be represented by intentions. The greater the intention to engage in a behavior, the more possible its execution must be (Ajzen, 1991). At present, research in the social and behavioral sciences can still benefit from the framework provided by the theory of planned behavior. ...
... This study focuses on behavioral intention as, according to this concept, all action involves the individual's intention to perform or not perform a specific behavior. Ajzen (1991) acknowledges that the theory of planned behavior is, in concept, open and receptive to the incorporation of additional indicators if it can be demonstrated that they contribute to a substantial portion of the variance in intention or behavior after the existing factors in the theory have been considered. In essence, the theory of planned behavior introduced the element of perceived behavioral control to the original theory of reasoned action. ...
... Icek Ajzen (1991), the developer of the theory of planned behavior, addresses this by noting that intentions are significantly influenced by human variables such as attitudes and perceived behavioral control (Ham et al., 2015). Additionally, most of the respondents strongly agreed that they could outperform their tasks and overcome any life challenges. ...
The researchers analyzed the factors influencing Filipino millennials' intention to purchase green skincare products based on data from 454 respondents (n=454) residing or working in the National Capital Region. The Theory of Planned Behavior mainly guides the analysis to elucidate positive and significant correlation among Past Experience, Electronic Word-of-Mouth, and Emotional Intelligence on the determinants of intention to purchase green skincare products: Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Self-Efficacy. The results show that Past Experience and Emotional Intelligence have a moderate impact, whereas Electronic Word-of-Mouth has a lesser effect on the key determinants of purchase intention. The current study proposes increased information sharing through marketing campaign strategies such as brand partnerships, the creation of social care groups, fear appeal marketing (FAM), social listening, customer surveys, sales promotions, and verbal persuasion. Future research on the subject may consider various demographics, such as Generation X and Z, and the male market. Finally, to extend the study on green skincare products considering the relationship between antecedent variables.
... The TPB, developed by Ajzen (1991), stands as one of the most renowned and widely utilized models for investigating individuals' behavioral intentions and actual behaviors. Based on TPB, WTP is considered as behavioral intention towards actual environmental behavior (Thuy et al., 2024). ...
... Consistent with findings from previous studies (Empidi and Emang, 2021;Savari, 2023;Savari, Sheheytavi, et al., 2023b;Thuy et al., 2024), attitudes have been shown to exert a significant positive influence on individuals' intentions to engage in environmental behaviors. As Ajzen (1991) suggests, attitudes are the primary determinants of behavioral intentions, underscoring the importance of attitude enhancement in promoting payment for urban forest ecosystem services. Therefore, efforts should be directed towards strengthening individuals' attitude regarding the importance and necessity of such payments to bolster their intention to engage in this behavior which can result in financially participation of citizen in urban forest management. ...
... The influence of PBC on individuals' WTP was confirmed in the third hypothesis of the study. This variable not only affects individuals' behavioral intentions but also their actual behavior (Ajzen, 1991). Various studies have corroborated the impact of this variable on both behavioral intention and actual behavior (Maleknia and ChamCham, 2024;Popa et al., 2019;Velardi et al., 2023). ...
Urban forests have a critical role in providing a wide array of ecosystem services that significantly contribute to enhancing the quality of life for urban residents. To ensure the sustainable management of urban forests, citizens' participation is a crucial component of management. Payment for ecosystem services of urban forests is a mechanism for financial participation of citizens. Identifying the influencing factors on individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) is a crucial step in planning for this endeavor. In determining these factors, there has been limited attention to psychological factors. Therefore, this study employed an extended model of the theory of planned behavior, incorporating two new variables including perceived trustworthiness in the payment mechanism (PTPM) and environmental knowledge (EK). It examined the factors influencing in-dividuals' WTP for ecosystem services provided by urban forests. The study results demonstrated that the extended model improved the explanatory power for the variance in individuals' WTP compared to the original model. The results revealed that PTPM, EK, perceived behavioral control , attitudes, and subjective norms had the greatest impact on individuals' WTP, respectively. These findings provide recommendations for policymaking and planning regarding payment for ecosystem services in urban forests.
... The theory of planned behavior (TPB) postulated by Ajzen (1985Ajzen ( , 1991 has often been used by several researchers to study the speeding behavior of drivers [13,[15][16][17][18][19]. The TPB studies factors that affect a behavior (e.g., speeding). ...
... These factors include attitude (ATT), subjective norm (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and intentions. According to the theory, ATT, SN, and PBC have an influence on the behavioral intention (e.g., speeding intention), while both the behavioral intention and PBC have an influence on the behavior (e.g., speeding) [20]. ...
... In terms of definition, attitude refers to the overall positive or negative assessment of specific behavior, subjective norms represent the perceived social pressure from others or social groups to behave in a particular way, and perceived behavioral control refers to the perception of the ease or difficulty of performing a particular behavior [20,21]. ...
Speeding is a significant global issue, with disparities in speed and safety outcomes between low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). This study aims to address speed research gaps in LMICs by examining the prevalence of self-reported speeding and factors influencing drivers’ speeding behavior using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). An online survey involving 387 anonymous drivers was conducted in Yaoundé. Results showed that all drivers reported exceeding speed limits, with 81% exceeding them by 5 km/h, 12% by 10 km/h, and 7% by more than 10 km/h in urban areas. On highways, 54% reported exceeding the limit by more than 10 km/h. Age, driver’s license, and gender showed significant associations with speed limit non-compliance. This study’s results suggest that the TPB can be useful in assessing speeding behavior, as the inclusion of TPB variables led to a more than 50% proportionate increase in speeding behavior variance. Structural equation modeling revealed attitude towards speeding as the strongest predictor of speeding intention, along with certain demographics indirectly influencing speeding behavior through speeding intention. Perceived behavioral control and speeding intention directly influenced speeding behavior. These findings emphasize the potential of interventions targeting attitude, intentions, and perceived behavioral control to modify speeding behavior and improve road safety.
... Individual attitude towards a behavior is one of the essential factors that influence customer's intentions to perform an activity (Ajzen, 1991). Ajzen, (1991) defined attitude as the level at which an individual acts favorable or unfavorable to a behavior which is connected to previous experience. ...
... Individual attitude towards a behavior is one of the essential factors that influence customer's intentions to perform an activity (Ajzen, 1991). Ajzen, (1991) defined attitude as the level at which an individual acts favorable or unfavorable to a behavior which is connected to previous experience. According to Khare and Pandey, (2017) attitude is formed from the interaction with the environment. ...
... Social gain explains the reason why a particular behavior is stopped or continued. (Ajzen, 1991). Moreover, Nuttavuthisit and Thøgersen, 2017). ...
... Entrepreneurship researchers have long researched people's intentions to start their own businesses (Gieure et al., 2020). To investigate the relationship between attitude, intention and behavior, this study uses the (TPB) model put forth by (Ajzen, 1985(Ajzen, , 1991. According to the (TPB) Ajzen (1991), behavior's primary predecessor is the intention, wherein intention refers to how much work a person intends to put into engaging in that at behavior (Entrialgo & Iglesias, 2016). ...
... To investigate the relationship between attitude, intention and behavior, this study uses the (TPB) model put forth by (Ajzen, 1985(Ajzen, , 1991. According to the (TPB) Ajzen (1991), behavior's primary predecessor is the intention, wherein intention refers to how much work a person intends to put into engaging in that at behavior (Entrialgo & Iglesias, 2016). (TPB) has demonstrated reliability in predicting entrepreneurial intent Kautonen et al. (2015), and many researchers have confirmed it (Almobaireek & Manolova, 2012;Renata et al., 2018). ...
The present research aims to investigate the key antecedents of entrepreneurial intention among university students in an emerging market (i.e., Morocco). To do so, we propose and test an integrated framework combining the theory of planned behavior (TPB) with other constructs from prior literature. The proposed conceptual model was assessed using a sample of 408 Moroccan university students and data is analysed using the partial least squares (PLS) estimation. Our findings convey that students’ attitudes toward entrepreneurship is a key driver of their entrepreneurial intention. We also demonstrate that attitude toward entrepreneurship is mainly influenced by entrepreneurial education and students’ personality traits. Finally, risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial motivation were found to moderate the relationship between students’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship and their intention to become entrepreneurs. Our findings suggest valuable insights to universities, policymakers, and instructors.
... Previous investigations have widely applied the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The TPB has been utilized to examine how individuals engage in specific actions that are influenced by their subjective norms and attitude towards the behavior in question [30]. Individuals are more likely to intend to engage in the behavior under consideration when they have a favorable attitude and a subjective norm. ...
... Subjective norms capture the perceived social pressure to perform or not perform a behavior. This variable is grounded in the TPB and is crucial for understanding how societal expectations influence the adoption of e-jeepneys [30]. It includes perceptions of what significant others, including family, peers, and society, expect regarding e-jeepneys. ...
The implementation of e-jeepneys stands as a change process that will eventually transition to the modernization of the public transport system in the Philippines. To address concerns about jeepneys’ effects on the environment, energy use, society, the economy, and policies, their acceptability in the Philippines must be considered. This research study aims to identify the sources of influence on Filipinos’ adoption of e-jeepney utilization as a mode of transportation using the extended Pro-Environmental Planned Behavior (PEBP) model. A total of 502 commuters voluntarily answered the survey questionnaire. Based on the findings, perceived environmental concern (PEC) is the most significant determinant influencing attitude (AT) and, thus, affecting the Filipinos’ behavioral intention (BI) towards the adoption of e-jeepneys. Conversely, AT was the primary determinant of BI, which strongly supported the notion of AT as a strong driving force shaping behavioral decisions. Moreover, perceived authority support (PAS) emerged as a strong predictor of subjective norms (SNs), demonstrating the influence of institutional support on societal perceptions. As a result, more environmentally conscious people are more likely to view e-jeepneys positively and intend to use them as a mode of transportation. The endorsement or support from authoritative figures or institutions notably influences subjective norms, which are individuals’ perceptions of social pressures regarding the use of e-jeepneys.
... Thus, consideration of these frameworks may shed light on how to raise awareness or change attitudes of consumers in relation to sustainable products and services. One framework that has been widely utilized to explore consumer intentions and attitudes is the theory of planned behavior put forward by Ajzen [40]. The theory of planned behavior suggests that intention is the immediate precursor of behavior and is determined by three factors: attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. ...
... From a consumer perspective, if sustainability is seen as important by a large proportion of the population, purchasing sustainable products may increase an individual's perceived social worth [69], especially for consumer groups that are not already convinced of the importance of sustainable product consumption. According to the theory of planned behavior [40], the influence of the subjective norm could then also contribute to converting sustainable product purchase intentions to actual sustainable purchases, especially if it is under a consumer's control to make this choice. Research has also considered the role of social media-and associated recognized norms-in promoting sustainable product choices [42], which suggests that the role of social influence may need to be considered by businesses. ...
Sustainable development is growing in importance in today’s climate crisis. With the percentage of sales via digital channels increasing annually and consumers becoming aware of the environmental impact of their choices, a huge opportunity presents itself for promoting sustainable goods online if designers can find an effective way to raise awareness in consumers. Using a simulated e-commerce site (webshop), we investigated whether the presence or absence of sustainability labels displayed next to product images influenced users’ product selections. There was a significant association between the presentation of sustainability labels and the number of selected sustainable products. Overall, participants were familiar with sustainability labels and indicated willingness to pay ‘extra’ for sustainable products, while there was more variation in the way they felt that sustainability labels influenced their product choices. The findings highlight the complexities of factors influencing purchasing decisions and the need for more design-inspired research in this area. Whilst user interface design may be an effective means to influence sustainable product choices, design should also enable consumers to make informed product choices, while still providing a ‘fair’ e-commerce environment.
... While this research found a lot of supportive evidence, many studies also failed to show a direct connection between attitude and behavior (Acock and DeFleur, 1972, LaPiere, 1934, Wicker, 1969, DeFleur and Westie, 1958. Building on the above foundation, traditional theories of goal attainment such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) suggested that attitudes towards a behavior, alongside subjective norms and perceived behavioral control (in the case of TPB), contribute significantly to the formation of behavioral intentions (Ajzen, 1985;Bandura, 1977;Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975). This intention is a crucial predictor of actual behavior, establishing that before an individual engages in a behavior, there exists an intention formation phase where attitudes significantly influence the individual's intention to perform or not perform that behavior. ...
... Implementation intentions can be defined as "if -then" plans aimed at forming a link between a conditional situation and a goal-directed behavioral response (Gollwitzer & Brandstätter, 1997). The Theory of Reasoned Action and the Theory of Planned Behavior highlight that intention is a good predictor of behavior (Ajzen, 1985;Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975). Implementation intentions go a step further. ...
The rise of misinformation on social media platforms is an extremely worrisome issue and calls for the development of interventions and strategies to combat fake news. This research investigates one potential mechanism that can help mitigate fake news: prompting users to form implementation intentions along with education. Previous research suggests that forming “if – then” plans, otherwise known as implementation intentions, is one of the best ways to facilitate behavior change. To evaluate the effectiveness of such plans, we used MTurk to conduct an experiment where we educated participants on fake news and then asked them to form implementation intentions about performing fact checking before sharing posts on social media. Participants who had received both the implementation intention intervention and the educational intervention significantly engaged more in fact checking behavior than those who did not receive any intervention as well as participants who had received only the educational intervention. This study contributes to the emerging literature on fake news by demonstrating that implementation intentions can be used in interventions to combat fake news.
... To address this gap, we based our study on the work of Humphreys and Brousseau (2010), who developed a scale measuring attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors related to the establishment of sexual consent. The construction of this scale is grounded in the conceptual foundation of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1985Ajzen, , 1991Ajzen, , 2001Ajzen, , 2006, which seeks to explain and predict the establishment of a behavior. Beyond sexual consent, TPB represents one of the most influential predictive models of human behavior (Ajzen, 2011) and targets intention as the immediate antecedent of the behavior to be produced. ...
... It appears important to focus, particularly in prevention programs, on the more subtle dimensions of consent that do not pertain to the general validity and adherence to sexual consent but rather to how young individuals may feel capable of translating these attitudes into behaviors with the aim of effectively establishing or negotiating sexual consent with their intimate partners. This finding is consistent with the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985) on which the measurement scale is based, as an LPBC is the only component both associated with the intention to perform the behavior, but also directly associated with the performance of the behavior itself (here, sexual consent establishment). In theory, the other subscales should be indirectly associated with sexual coercion through the intention to establish sexual consent, which would avoid ambiguous situations and misunderstandings (Jozkowski et al., 2014;Walsh et al., 2021). ...
While intimate partner violence is now recognized as a major societal and international issue, sexual violence between partners remains understudied despite its significant prevalence rates and the specific contexts in which it occurs. The aim of this study was to analyze the links between different dimensions of sexual consent and sexual coercion experienced within intimate relationships in order to identify targets for prevention campaigns. The study was carried out during a time of transition in the sociopolitical and legislative context in Belgium linked to the implementation of a reform to the sexual criminal law, which has made the expression of sexual consent central to the qualification of sexual offenses. A total of 431 young adults (88.40% female; Mage = 22.19 years; SDage = 1.79) were recruited from the general population through an online survey to analyze the links between attitudes and beliefs toward sexual consent, attachment style, mental health, and sexual victimization between partners. Results showed that a lack of perceived behavioral control over establishing sexual consent, as well as the avoidance of intimacy, predicted sexual victimization. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed and potential public policy responses for prevention and awareness are suggested. Future research should further investigate and conceptualize sexual consent as it relates to sexual coercion in a more representative sample from an intersectional perspective.
... This study applies the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Rogers' Theory of Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) to discover human behaviour. TPB suggests that behaviour 4 arises from adoption intentions influenced by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (Ajzen, 1985). Using these variables, the study predicts consumer adoption intentions to adopt plant-based foods, affecting actual consumption behaviour. ...
... This sociocultural is often found more prominently in the East Asian region compared to the Western region empirical studies by Roh et al. (2022) and Nguyen et al. (2019), which found that conformity to subjective norms influences adoption intentions to purchase organic products in China and Vietnam, respectively. Similarly, Chen (2022) found that conformity to subjective norms influences adoption intention to purchase plant-based meat alternatives in Taiwan The relationship between the adoption intention to adopt plant-based food products affects the actual behavior of plant-based food, consistent with the TPB when consumers intend to lead to behavior (Ajzen, 1985). Furthermore, it aligns with the research of Jaiswal & Kant (2018) regarding the purchasing behavior of Indian consumers for environmental products, which found that adoption intention to buy environmental products significantly influences the behavior of purchasing ecological products. ...
Introduction: This study investigates the factors influencing Thai consumers’ acceptance of plant-based food products. Drawing upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI), personal innovativeness and environment concern, are examined as predictors of adoption intention and actual behavior. Methods: The quantitative approaches collected data with convenience sampling method from Thai consumers using online questionnaires. A structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to analyse the confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis on relationships among variables and hypothesis testing. Results: The findings reveal significant positive relationships between attitudes, subjective norms, environmental concern, and personal innovativeness to adoption intention through actual behavior of plant-based food products. Perceived behavioral control did not impact adoption intention. Discussion: The results underscore the importance of attitudes, environmental concern, subjective norms and personal innovativeness in shaping consumer behaviour towards plant-based foods. Plant-based entrepreneurs can promote adoption to behavior on product launching using various factors across research fields as marketing strategies and communication tools regarding increase the product adoption and revenue growth.
... Example of such theories include the problem behavior theory, social learning theory, and the theory of planned action. These theories have been used by different scholars to explain sexual behavior among the adolescence [23,24]. According to Problem Behavior Theory, some behavior is only problematic if it is defined as such by the culture in which the teenager is entrenched. ...
... The intention is the most accurate predictor of behavior regarded to be the immediate antecedent of conduct, since it is the cognitive representation of a person's readiness to engage in certain behavior. This purpose is influenced by three factors: their attitude toward specific activity, their subjective standards, and their perceived behavioral control [23]. A young person's notion that another person's view on sexuality is important in determining whether to partake in the behavior might be seen as a subjective norm. ...
Background
The burden of early sexual engagement among youth is enormous. It directly raises the risk of sexually transmitted infections(STIs) and indirectly contributes to unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, premature childbirth, and psychosocial issues. The aim of this paper was to estimate the timing of sexual debut and examine the factors influencing the timing of first sexual intercourse following menarche among female youth aged between 15 and 24 in Uganda.
Method
Self-reported data were extracted from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS), with a sub-sample of 7964 female youth from the individual woman file. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, decrement life-table analysis, and the discrete-time logit model were used to examine the timing of sexual debut and associated factors.
Results
67.4% of the female youth had experienced first sexual initiation. Overall, the meantime to sexual debut was 4.4 years and the median time was 4.3 years, and all the female youth had experienced first sexual initiation by the end of the twelfth year following menarche. Significant factors found to influence the timing of sexual initiation include having higher education level (OR = 0.724: 95% CI = 0.59–0.89; p = 0.003), residing in the Northern region (OR = 0.877:95% CI = 0.79–0.97, p = 0.012), being employed (OR = 1.085: 95% CI = 1.01–1.16; p = 0.021), and being literate (OR = 1.155; 95% CI = 1.07–1.25; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
These findings are expected to be central in the bid to delay first sexual intercourse. Also they shed light on some of the factors associated with the timing of sexual debut which may be addressed at community level for non-school going youth and in schools, as school based prevention sexual and reproductive health programs. The findings highlight the need for future studies to collect more data to explore further the linkage between time to first debut since menarche and, mass media, religion, type of residence, and wealth index.
... The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is used extensively within and across multiple contextual studies (Ajzen 1991). TPB is the superior model theory for examining or understanding human behavior (Hagger 2019). ...
This paper explored in depth the issue of green finance within Tunisian banks. The main objective of this research was to understand how Banks can play a significant role in the development of green finance in Tunisia. In a first step, we explained the undeniable importance of green finance which presents an essential pillar of the transition towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly economy. Financial institutions play a vital role in promoting green financial products. Banks have started to offer products and services focused on sustainability. However, these efforts are insufficient, and it is necessary to strengthen them. For this, we examined the perception of Tunisian customers towards the green financial products of Banks as well as the factors influencing their attitudes, a detailed survey reveals that awareness is growing and that trust and relevance are crucial elements to encourage their adoption. In conclusion, this work has highlighted the importance of green finance in the Tunisian context. It offers food for thought for decision-makers, practitioners, and researchers who wish to contribute to the sustainable development of the banking sector in Tunisia.
... The willingness to start a business can be assessed by surveying individual population groups, as in comparative studies, or by combining cross-sectional studies from different country reports into an overall survey, as in the case of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The best-known models for investigating the willingness to start a business and its influencing factors include the Entrepreneurial Event Model (EEM) (Shapero, 1985) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) (Ajzen I. ,1985). The explanatory power of the models and the elements applied can vary from country to country and from discipline to discipline (Engle, et al., 2008). ...
Universities with chemistry faculties should be capable of producing chempreneurs in order to support the necessary transformation not just of the Polish chemical industry. Poland has a reMaykable history in the chemical industry within an ever-changing industrial, societal and entrepreneurial landscape. The chemical industry is the second largest industrial sector in Poland and the third largest in terms of employment. This article focuses on the world of chemical entrepreneurship in Poland, examining the strength of factors influencing the entrepreneurial intentions of chemistry students. Previous analyses of the student sample show significant differences between Germany and Poland in all areas such as subjective norm, entrepreneurial knowledge, perceptions, intentions and motives as well as barriers related to student culture. Using a sample of students from Poland with significant differences in age, gender, origin, migration background and nationality, hypotheses on the influence of these factors with regard to the intentions, perceptions, motives and barriers of chemistry students were developed and tested. We found a number of significant effects on the start-up behaviour of chemistry students and the factors influencing them. We discuss the results and propose new approaches for the education of chemistry students and for future research approaches. We also explore how the chemistry landscape has changed in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, presenting new challenges and opportunities for aspiring chempreneurs.
... [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] The Health Belief Model (HBM) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) are theoretical models of health behaviour that are often used to explain behaviour change, sometimes in the context of biosecurity in various agricultural industries. [17][18][19][20][21] These models outline how factors including attitudes, norms and perceived control can influence behaviour, but external events like the COVID-19 pandemic may also influence these constructs. The COVID-19 pandemic, commencing in March 2020, significantly disrupted the operation of Ontario equine facilities, leading to business closures and physical distancing measures. ...
Background
Disease outbreaks present a significant challenge to horse health and welfare and the economic stability of horse industries internationally. This is a particular concern in Ontario, Canada, where there have been frequent outbreaks of respiratory infectious diseases among horses. Despite these risks, there has been limited research on whether Ontario horse owners engage in biosecurity measures sufficient to mitigate risk of equine diseases, and whether current events such as the COVID‐19 pandemic influence attitudes towards equine biosecurity practices.
Objective
To explore Ontario horse owners' perceptions, attitudes and experiences relating to on‐farm biosecurity during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Study design
Qualitative study using virtual semi‐structured interviews.
Methods
Participants (horse owners, frequent horse riders and part boarders) were recruited using social media snowball sampling where advertisements were shared by equine and veterinary organisations. Interviews were conducted virtually between June and September 2022 and were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Three key themes relating to biosecurity perceptions among the 14 participants were identified. Participants relied on minimal preventative measures (such as vaccines) where perceived risk of disease was low, but implemented additional measures including quarantine and handwashing when perceived risk of disease was high. Participants' choice of biosecurity practices often mirrored those recommended by the barn manager. Moreover, participants felt that responsibility for biosecurity was not shared equally across horse owners, with more emphasis placed on those engaging in high‐risk situations for disease spread. Despite experiencing biosecurity during the COVID‐19 pandemic, horse owners were not consistently applying these practices to their horse care routines.
Main limitations
The perspectives reported here are from a small sample of horse owners and may not be generalisable to all populations.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that horse owners need improved access to and engagement with educational initiatives that emphasise the importance and purpose of all biosecurity measures.
... The theory of planned behavior has been widely used in various studies examining vaccination intention [6][7][8]. This theory proposes that an individual's attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly impact their willingness to vaccinate [9]. ...
Objective
Given the high prevalence of hypertension among Chinese adults, this population is at a significantly increased risk of severe COVID-19 complications. The purpose of this study is to assess the willingness of Chinese hypertensive adults to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and to identify the diverse factors that shape their vaccination decisions.
Methods
Sampling was conducted utilizing multistage stratified random sampling, and ultimately, a total of 886 adult hypertensive patients from Luzhou City in Southwest China were included in this study. The questionnaire design was based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and was used to investigate their willingness to be vaccinated with COVID-19. Structural equation modeling was employed for data analysis.
Results
The results showed that 75.6% of hypertensive individuals were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccination. The structural equation modeling revealed that Subjective Norms (path coefficient = 0.361, CR = 8.049, P < 0.001) and Attitudes (path coefficient = 0.253, CR = 4.447, P < 0.001) had positive effects on vaccination willingness, while Perceived Behavioral Control (path coefficient=-0.004, CR=-0.127, P = 0.899) had no significant impact on Behavioral Attitudes. Mediation analysis indicated that Knowledge (indirect path coefficient = 0.032, LLCI = 0.014, ULCI = 0.058), Risk Perception (indirect path coefficient = 0.077, LLCI = 0.038, ULCI = 0.124), and Subjective Norms (indirect path coefficient = 0.044, LLCI = 0.019, ULCI = 0.087) significantly influenced vaccination willingness through Attitudes as a mediating factor.
Conclusion
The willingness of hypertensive individuals to receive the COVID-19 vaccination is not satisfactory. The Theory of Planned Behavior provides valuable insights into understanding their vaccination intentions. Efforts should be concentrated on enhancing the subjective norms, attitudes, and knowledge about vaccination of hypertensive patients.
... The DeLone and McLean Information System success model was chosen from several other Information System success models, such as the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) [9], [10], Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) [11], and Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) [12], but when viewed, the three theories or models refer more to technology acceptance. this is deemed insufficient, because it is only considered as one of the requirements [13]. ...
Indonesia is ranked 77th in the world in electronic-based government systems, especially the City of Plembang is ranked 89th regarding the evaluation of smart city improvement in Indonesia. One of the latest applications used in the past year is the SIDEMANG application, which is an information system that has the use and purpose of facilitating access to administrative services related to personal and agency licensing files online at the village and sub-district levels in Palembang city, but this is also not free from obstacles, especially internet signals. Therefore, an analysis is needed related to the implementation of Information Systems, to assess the success of applications that have been implemented, especially government digital services. DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model is used, to see the significant factors that cause the success of Information System implementation. The data analysis method used in this research is quantitative because the data collected is in the form of numbers and will be analyzed using the SmartPLS application statistical technique, using a sample size of 97 respondents. The results showed that the information quality factor was not significant to the intention or use of the application, the system quality factor was not significant to the intention or use of the application, the system quality factor was not significant to user satisfaction, the service quality factor was not significant to user satisfaction. Recommendations for the Palembang City Communication and Information Office are related to the evaluation and improvement of the SIDEMANG application using the DeLone and McLean Model analysis. In particular, improvements to the quality of information that can influence citizens to use the application, improvements to the quality of the system that can invite and satisfy users in using the application, and improvements to service quality factors on citizen satisfaction.
... Despite extensive tourism and hospitality literature has explored WOM or eWOM (e.g., Cheng et al., 2020;Oliveira et al., 2020;Phillips et al., 2017), relatively little studies have explored the new typology of WOM from a marketing perspective, with some exceptions which examined human-place relationships (Chen & Dwyer, 2018;Chen et al., 2015;Sˇegota et al., 2021;Yang et al., 2022). In addition, extant literature on the Theory of Planned Behavior has demonstrated that behavioral intention is an immediate but significant predictor of an actual behavior (Ajzen, 1985;Gansser & Reich, 2023;Lam & Hsu, 2006). In this vein, given the new typology of WOM, behavioral intention (i.e., one-to-one WOM intention, one-to-many WOM intention, many-to-many WOM intention) is expected to be a suitable predictor of WOM behavior in this study. ...
This study examines the triggering mechanism of hotel guests’ engagement in word-of-mouth (WOM) by integrating guest experience, well-being perception, one-to-one WOM intention, one-to-many WOM intention and many-to-many WOM intention. A survey was conducted with 306 experienced guests of the resort hotel sector in China. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed to estimate relationships between guest experience, well-being perception and WOM intentions. The findings of this study indicated a significantly direct effect of esthetic experience on well-being perception, followed by escapism experience, education experience and entertainment experience. The findings also revealed well-being perception was a salient predictor of WOM intentions (i.e., one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many), aided to tourism and hospitality literature by providing empirical evidences to demonstrate how different WOM intentions were triggered by various experiences via psychological reaction of well-being perception. The theoretical and managerial implications for the tourism marketers were discussed.
... The primary focus was to assess the impact of this intervention on individuals' intentions to engage in organ donation. According to the TPB, an individual's intention to participate in a specific behavior, such as organ donation, is primarily influenced by their attitude toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control [11,12]. Therefore, this study utilized the principles of the TPB and health campaigns to promote the registration of organ donation cards among students. ...
... Increasingly, language in marketing and media communications is reliant on AI and large language models to produce content (Harreis et al., 2023), investigations into this aspect of language production would be relevant in the fast-paced arenas of fashion and technology. Lastly, other behaviour models of consumer consumption should be considered for additional research into possible lexicons for worn clothing; The Theory of Reasoned Action (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1985) are the main models in this category for immediate reference. ...
... Machina (1989) introduced a rational choice approach to deviance, in which individuals make rational choices based on their actions' expected benefits and costs. Ajzen and Fishbein (1970) and Ajzen (1991) theories of reasoned action and planned behavior explain individuals' behaviors under physical or social constraints. These theories suggest that attitudes, moral codes, and subjective norms of reference groups can predict individuals' behavioral intents. ...
Understanding contemporary organizations hinges on the comprehension of rules and rule behavior. This scholarship explores the idea of employees rule-breaking for pro-social reasons. It challenges the belief that workplace rule violations are only motivated by personal gain and self-interest. Through two surveys conducted among grassroots civil servants working in public welfare programs, this research delves into the impact of social, relational, and bureaucratic factors on employees’ attitudes and behaviors toward pro-social rule-breaking. The study discovered that when individuals receive social support and witness co-workers’ rule-breaking, they are likelier to exhibit pro-social rule-breaking attitudes and behaviors. In contrast, organizational structure variables bureaucratic centralization and formalization and disciplinary control factors bureaucratic rule-breaking punishment and the certainty of detection diminish employees’ willingness to break the rules for pro-social reasons. The findings highlight the importance of recognizing social, relational, and bureaucratic organizational attributes to better understand pro-social rule-breaking among grassroots civil servants in public sector welfare agencies.
... In his research, Ajzen found that human behavior is not 100% voluntary, but mostly controlled. He added a new concept of "behavioral control cognition" to the content of TRA, which developed into a new behavioral theory research model --Planned behavior theory (TPB) [11] . The five elements of Ajzen's planned behavior theory are attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavior control, behavior intention, and behavior. ...
... The theory of planned behavior, proposed by Ajzen [37,38], has been extensively used to explore rational human decision-making behavior [39]. This theory comprises five key variables: behavioral attitudes (BAs), subjective norms (SNs), perceived behavioral control (PBC), behavioral intentions (BIs), and actual behavior (AB). ...
Digital sports, also known as online sports, are a new form of sport that users have tried in recent years. Despite the rapid growth of online sports, the factors influencing users’ willingness to sustain their use are currently unknown. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and expectation-confirmation theory (ECT), this study empirically investigates the factors influencing the persistent use of online sports videos. Questionnaires were administered to participants. A total of 305 participants completed the questionnaire. Structural equation modeling showed that all hypotheses’ paths were significant, except for H11 and H12. The results indicated that perceived usefulness, expectation confirmation, and coach social presence had a significant positive effect on users’ satisfaction in using online sports videos. Moreover, satisfaction, behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control had a significant positive effect on users’ willingness to consistently use online sports videos, with gender moderating the impact of satisfaction and behavioral attitudes on the willingness to consistently use. We discuss the practical implications and recommendations for applying this study’s findings.
... Intentions influence attitudes towards behavior, and intentions cause differences in behavior, according to the theory of planned behavior [5]. According to Zimbardo and Boyd [6], the time perspective (TP) theory has a widespread and powerful influence on many human behaviors. ...
Background
The metaverse is a new and developing technology used in the field of healthcare. The perception of future explains time as a psychological phenomenon rather than a physical one. This study aimed to determine nurses’ thoughts of the metaverse and their perceptions of future.
Methods
The study in which the cross-sectional descriptive design was used was conducted with nurses working in a hospital in Trkiye from September 2022 to December 2022. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 374 nurses who were chosen using the convenience sampling method. Personal Identification Form, Metaverse Scale (MS) and Future Time Perspective Scale (FTPS) were used to collect data. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows 25.0 program was used to analyse the data.
Results
The findings revealed that 81.6% of the nurses believed that they could provide patient education using the metaverse in the future, whereas 46% believed that they could do virtual nursing. The mean scores obtained from the FTPS and MS by the nurses were 3.45 (SD = 0.37) and 3.74 (SD = 0.56), respectively. There was a weak positive relationship between perception of future, and knowledge of, attitudes towards and awareness of the metaverse (r = 0.157, p = 0.002), and a weak, positive relationship between internet use duration and MS (r = 0.169, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
This study underscores the potential of the metaverse in nursing, revealing that nurses are optimistic about its application in patient education and virtual care. We recommend the development of specialized training programs to equip nurses with the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively utilize the metaverse in healthcare settings.
... Purchase intention is the intent of customers to engage in an exchange relationship at online stores, such as information sharing, sustaining business ties, and creating business transactions (Zwass, 1998). Intention is also described as a factor used to assess the likelihood of future behaviour (Ajzen, 1985). Previous studies have revealed that customers who declare buying products online are higher compared to consumers who have no plans to purchase online (Brown et al., 2001). ...
The development of internet technology has made it possible for customers worldwide to change their daily routines. Both globally and in Sri Lanka, online retail sales have sharply increased in recent years. This study intends to identify the factors affecting urban consumers’ intentions to buy agricultural Products online in Sri Lanka. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to select the most urbanised districts in Sri Lanka: Colombo, Gampaha, Kalutara, and Kandy. And using the convenience sampling technique, a total of 112 questionnaires were collected via a Google form. The research examined perceived Ease of Use and Food Quality as independent variables and dependent variables such as Perceived Usefulness, Website Trust, Perceived Risk, and Purchase Intention. IBM SPSS version 26 and IBM SPSS AMOS version 26 were used to analyse the data and develop the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to test the hypothesis. The results revealed that the influence of Food Quality on Purchase Intention, the influence of Perceived Ease of Use on Perceived Usefulness, and the influence of Perceived Ease of Use on Website Trust are significantly positive. Perceived Risk on Purchase Intention has a negative relationship and is not significant. The study suggests conducting additional research on novel marketing strategies distinct from conventional media tools and further analysing food quality.
... Furthermore, being more familiar with these EBLSs will likely increase faculty's intention to use the strategies, which is important because intentions are often linked to actions. More specifically, the theory of planned behavior posits that having stronger intentions increases the likelihood that a behavior will occur (Ajzen, 1991(Ajzen, , 2012. One way to bolster the recommendation and adoption of effective practices in classroom contexts is to equip faculty with the knowledge of such practices, which in turn can help promote student learning and success. ...
... UTAUT was formulated through a review and synthesis of eight theories/models. These eight theories/models are Fishbein and Ajzen's [49] theory of reasoned action (TRA), TAM, the motivational model (MM) [50,51], the theory of planned behavior (TPB) [52,53], Taylor and Todd's [54] combined TAM and TPB, Thompson et al.'s [55] model of personal computer utilization (MPCU), Rogers' [56] innovation diffusion theory (IDT)/diffusion of innovation (DOI), and social cognitive theory (SCT) [57,58]. UTAUT contains moderating (or indirect) effects (i.e., gender, age, experience, and voluntariness of use), but they are not usually examined in the literature as the previous studies intended to obtain findings that could be applicable to any gender and any age, and as expected, there was not much difference in the experience of using such a new form of blockchain technology and the voluntariness of use as the users were supposed to use the technology which had been adopted in their organizations. ...
Inspired by the discontinuation of the blockchain platform TradeLens, co-developed by IBM and Maersk, due to the lack of the involved supply chain stakeholders’ adoption, a critical literature review on the models of supply chain stakeholders’ adoption of blockchain applications was conducted. This review is significant as it provides insights into the exploration of a more universal approach to investigate which factors really influence blockchain adoption, which is a pre-requisite for the technical sustainability of blockchain technology in supply chains. As observed in the review, the technology acceptance model (TAM), the technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework, and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) are frequently used in the literature, but little attention has been paid to whether blockchain technology fits the users’ tasks in understanding blockchain adoption in the supply chain. Among the technology adoption theories, task–technology fit (TTF) considers whether a technology fits the tasks, but only two previous studies involved the use of TTF. This study discusses the suitability of these existing models of technology adoption for blockchain applications in supply chains and comes up with a new unified model, namely TOE-TTF-UTAUT. This review also has implications for a more appropriate conceptual research design using mixed methods.
... A key theory underlying the prediction of blood donation behavior is the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen 1991). The TPB posits that three determinants, which are mediated by the individual's behavioral intention, influence changes in behavior: attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control. ...
While blood is crucial for many surgeries and patient treatments worldwide, it cannot be produced artificially. Fulfilling the demand for blood products on average days is already a major challenge in countries like South Africa and Ghana. In these countries, less than 1 % of the population donates blood and most of the donations come from first-time donors who do not return. Sufficient new, first-time and even lapsed donors must be motivated to donate regularly. This study argues that blood donation behavior change support systems (BDBCSS) can be beneficially applied to support blood donor management in African countries. In this study, the design science research (DSR) approach is applied in order to derive generic design principles for BDBCSS and instantiate the design knowledge in prototypes for a blood donation app and a chatbot. The design principles were evaluated in a field study in South Africa. The results demonstrate the positive effects of BDBCSS on users’ intentional and developmental blood donation behavior. This study contributes to research and practice by proposing a new conceptualization of blood donation information systems support and a nascent design theory for BDBCSS that builds on behavioral theories as well as related work on blood donation information systems. Thus, the study provides valuable implications for designing preventive health BCSS by stating three design principles for a concrete application context in healthcare.
... AI confidence: in AIED, AICF represents students' confidence in learning AI course content 58 . AICF can affect students' willingness to learn and other variables, and is an important impact factor on AI usage behavior [59][60][61] . In research on students using mobile devices for learning, it has been found that mobile device usage confidence has a positive impact on PEOU 62,63 . ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) holds immense promise for K-12 education, yet understanding the factors influencing students’ engagement with AI courses remains a challenge. This study addresses this gap by extending the technology acceptance model (TAM) to incorporate cognitive factors such as AI intrinsic motivation (AIIM), AI readiness (AIRD), AI confidence (AICF), and AI anxiety (AIAX), alongside human–computer interaction (HCI) elements like user interface (UI), content (C), and learner-interface interactivity (LINT) in the context of using generative AI (GenAI) tools. By including these factors, an expanded model is presented to capture the complexity of student engagement with AI education. To validate the model, 210 Chinese students spanning grades K7 to K9 participated in a 1 month artificial intelligence course. Survey data and structural equation modeling reveal significant relationships between cognitive and HCI factors and perceived usefulness (PU) and ease of use (PEOU). Specifically, AIIM, AIRD, AICF, UI, C, and LINT positively influence PU and PEOU, while AIAX negatively affects both. Furthermore, PU and PEOU significantly predict students’ attitudes toward AI curriculum learning. These findings underscore the importance of considering cognitive and HCI factors in the design and implementation of AI education initiatives. By providing a theoretical foundation and practical insights, this study informs curriculum development and aids educational institutions and businesses in evaluating and optimizing AI4K12 curriculum design and implementation strategies.
... Research also suggests that consumers infer social norms from the food environment [53], and that social norms are considered an important determinant of consumer preferences and intentions [54,55]. Thus, the current large assortment of animal-based foods may contribute to difficulties in behavior change toward plantbased food at the level of individual consumers, as they perceive a high norm to consume animal-based foods. ...
Background
A shift away from diets high in animal-based foods towards diets high in plant-based foods is desirable considering human health, environmental sustainability, and animal welfare. As the food environment plays a crucial role in shaping consumption patterns, understanding of how changes in the food environment can facilitate plant-based consumption is crucial for the so-called protein transition. The current study aims to garner insight into barriers and facilitators for food outlet managers to take action to stimulate plant-based consumption within a local food environment.
Methods
Using a maximum-variation sample approach, we examined possible barriers and facilitators to promote plant-based consumption across different types of food outlets located within a geographically shared food environment (a city in the Netherlands). We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews among food outlet managers and applied multi-stage thematic analysis to the interview transcripts.
Results
Most managers underscored the urgency of shifting towards more plant-based diets, and perceived a growing demand for plant-based products. However, three barriers hindered most of them from taking decisive action: Managers’ perception of low consumer demand for plant-based food options; fear of consumer resistance when stimulating plant-based food options; and limited behavioral agency to offer attractive plant-based food options. The few managers who made changes, or intend to make changes, are individuals with high intrinsic motivation, knowledge and skills.
Conclusions
The present work suggests the key for change towards a food environment stimulating plant-based consumption lies in addressing three (perceived) barriers shared among diverse outlets. These are partly different from barriers for stimulating healthy consumption in general. Furthermore, current changes appear to be driven incidentally by individuals who are motivated and able to stimulate more plant-based purchases among a small targeted group of consumers.
... The problem in this research is to find out whether there is an influence of financial literacy and investment motivation on investment interest in the capital market among the millennial generation. Ajzen (1985) developed a theory about human behavior, namely the Theory of Reasoned Action or usually abbreviated as TRA. In TRA, it is explained that individual behavior originates from behavioral interests, while behavioral interests are formed from subjective attitudes and norms. ...
One of the challenges of the millennial generation in investing is the lack of knowledge about investment, because most of the millennial generation currently invest because of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) not because they have their own motivation to invest. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of financial literacy and investment motivation on investment interest based on generational groups. The population in this paper is the Panca Budi Foundation academic community. This research uses a quantitative approach, with a sampling technique using a probability sampling method with a simple random sampling type. The number of samples in this research is 50. The type of data in this research is primary data obtained through questionnaires and secondary data obtained from journals and the official website of the Financial Services Authority and the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Based on data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that financial literacy has a significant influence on investment interest, investment motivation does not have a significant influence on investment interest, generational groups do not moderate financial literacy but generational groups moderate investment motivation.
... One factor that shapes motivation in the theory of planned behavior is attitude. Attitude is the extent of a person's feelings of acceptance or rejection of something or behavior (Ajzen, 1985). Simplicity is a deconstructed factor in the theoretical approach. ...
In 1992, Mongolia adopted a set of tax laws, defining the rights and obligations of tax authorities and taxpayers, and creating a new legal framework for tax relations. When transitioning to the new tax system, the system for taxpayers to determine self-assessment tax rates was introduced for the first time. Mongolia switched to the "Integrated Tax Administration System" or electronic system in 2021. According to Business registry statistics, a total of 220,000 enterprises were registered in 2023. However, only 35 percent of the registered enterprises did not submit tax reports and did not pay the reported taxes on time, indicating that tax compliance is not satisfactory among enterprises. Unfortunately, little has been studied in our country on tax compliance behavior and the factors affecting it. This study aims to analyze the effect of the tax electronic system on tax compliance behavior. Concerning the framework of the Theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior an intention to pay taxes was considered as a mediating factor in the relationship of the electronic tax system and tax compliance behavior. The analyses confirmed that the tax electronic system influences tax compliance behavior through the intention to comply with taxes. Hence, motivation to increase the use of the tax electronic system may improve tax compliance behavior.
This Chapter provides readers with an overview of climate governance practices at global, national, and organizational levels, as well as the evolutionary trends in corporate eco-innovation. This study primarily centers on applying resource-based and institutional theories to clarify the complex connection between corporate governance and eco-innovation. Companies, often constrained by limited resources, operate within the dynamic interaction of social pressures and institutional regulations in sustainable development and green investments. Effectively allocating these resources to align with societal expectations and governmental mandates, particularly in the pursuit of net-zero emissions and carbon neutrality, requires the development of robust climate governance strategies and substantial investments in eco-innovation.
Conflicts arising from human activities and biodiversity value affect the conservation efficacy of protected areas. Resolving these conflicts requires conservation‐compatible livelihoods, such as through agroecology. Here, we built a comprehensive social–psychological framework to explore and understand farmers' intentions to adopt agroecological approaches in tea management in Wuyishan National Park, China.
We extended the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) by integrating household livelihood assets (LAs) as a material precondition for the social–psychological decision‐making process. We proposed geographical location (GL) and livelihood strategy (LS) as moderating factors for this agroecology intention. We collected 369 valid household samples through structured interviews. We then used partial least square‐structural equation (PLS‐SEM) modelling to explore the determinants that affect tea farmers' agroecological intentions.
Livelihood assets were a material foundation influencing the intention to adopt agroecology and were also mediated by three psychological constructs to take effect. Perceived behavioural control explained the largest proportion of the variance for intention and exerted the most significant mediation effects. Subjective norm was another vital independent predictor and exerted a positive influence on both perceived behavioural control and attitude. The direct and mediating impacts of attitude on the intention were weaker but showed that farmers' ecological rationality outweighed value rationality.
Livelihood strategies measured by operational scale and livelihood diversity were able to moderate farmers' psychology. Subjective norm had positively significant influence on perceived behavioural control and attitude, indicating that social support to farmers enhanced their feeling of control over adopting agroecology and that important referent groups as sources of information helped farmers' attitude formation. Perceived behavioural control positively and significantly influences farmers' attitudes as well.
Synthesis and applications. Our findings provide evidence of the necessity to optimise rural farmers' livelihood assets to enhance their confidence and control over agroecology. Resolving the conservation‐development dilemma in protected areas through agroecology should aim at comprehensive support that respects bioculture and improves farmers' ability. We suggest knowledge co‐production of traditional wisdom and modern technologies, reducing management costs and risks, strengthening park‐people communication and diversifying incentives to farmers with different livelihood strategies.
The recent introductory of e-payment services in Syria and the overwhelming interest of such new services call for thorough investigation of their quality and venues for improvement to unleash their full potential. This study investigates the quality of e-payment services offered by mobile network operators in Syria by adopting the E-SERVQUAL metric based on four dimensions: ease of use, reliability, security and privacy, and responsiveness. This study presents the responses of 133 users of these services in Syria from October to December 2023. The results indicate that e-payment services were of high quality in terms of reliability, security and privacy, and responsiveness dimensions. However, they are of lower quality in terms of ease of use. It is recommended that mobile companies increase the flexibility of e-payment services by widening the top-up options and offering more payment categories as well as relaxing the ceiling set for any single e-payment transaction. These companies were also encouraged to increase the number of kiosk machines to credit customer balances and improve the distribution of these machines into more selective locations. Furthermore, mobile companies may increase their share in the e-payment market by offering rewards and cash discounts for transactions conducted through their e-payment platforms.
This study explores the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial orientation and intention among Indonesian students, while considering the influence of patriarchal culture. A quantitative research design using online surveys was employed, with 248 respondents who completed the entrepreneurship course in the even semester of 2022 at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Medan. The surveys were administered online by the researchers. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized for analyzing the variables, and Mann–Whitney tests assessed gender and educational background differences. Results reveal a positive and significant effect of entrepreneurship education on both entrepreneurial orientation and intention. Entrepreneurial orientation significantly influences entrepreneurial intention. Surprisingly, patriarchal culture does not negatively impact entrepreneurial orientation or intention; its effect differs from expectations. No significant differences were found between genders or educational backgrounds regarding the impact of entrepreneurship education, orientation and intention. Specifically, no significant differences were found in the impact of entrepreneurship education, orientation and intention between genders or educational backgrounds. Also, entrepreneurial orientation partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention.
This study aimed to understand the intentions of consumers living in urban areas of Ethiopia to consume Spirulina-fortified bread. Data were collected from a sample of 361 randomly selected respondents. The theory of planned behavior (TPB), with the addition of individual lifestyle characteristics, was applied as a theoretical framework. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to test the hypothesized relationships between the variables. The findings revealed that perceived behavioral control and attitude had a significant direct effect on consumption intention, mediating the relationship between subjective norms and consumption intention. Prior information about Spirulina and physical exercise positively influences attitude, perceived behavior, and intention. Age directly and indirectly influences attitude and perceived behavior, respectively. Education directly and indirectly influences perceived behavior and intention, respectively. As this supplement is new to many consumers, promoting Spirulina’s benefits in bread could effectively influence consumer attitudes toward this new supplement.
Technology is a powerful tool that can be seen in every aspect of our lives. One of the important aspects in which technology has made a significant impact is in the field of education, where it has transformed the way students learn and teachers instruct. As technology continues to advance, educators must stay informed and adapt their teaching methods to best utilize these tools for the benefit of their students. Hence, Ömer Faruk Ursavaş (2022) authored a book to help educators navigate the ever-changing landscape of technology in education and provide practical strategies for implementation. The book Conducting Technology Acceptance Research in Education Theory, Models, Implementation, and Analysis is the outcome of the Ursavaş's extensive research and experience in the field of technology acceptance in education, providing a comprehensive guide for researchers and practitioners looking to conduct technology acceptance studies in educational settings. This book provides a comprehensive overview of technology acceptance models, providing researchers with a solid foundation for understanding and applying these theories in their studies. It serves as a useful manual for scholars, providing conceptual clarifications and practical illustrations to bridge the gap between theory and practice in educational research. The handbook is divided into seven chapters covering various aspects of educational technology, from the history of technology in education to current trends and future possibilities. Each chapter provides practical examples and case studies to illustrate key concepts and help readers apply them in real-world settings.
Objective
Digital health interventions for behaviour change are usually complex interventions, and intervention developers should ‘articulate programme theory’, that is, they should offer detailed descriptions of individual intervention components and their proposed mechanisms of action. However, such detailed descriptions often remain lacking. The objective of this work was to provide a conceptual case study with an applied example of ‘articulating programme theory’ for a newly developed digital health intervention.
Methods
Intervention Mapping methodology was applied to arrive at a detailed description of programme theory for a newly developed digital health intervention that aims to support cardiac rehabilitation patients in establishing heart-healthy physical activity habits. Based on a Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation (PRECEDE) logic model of the problem, a logic model of change was developed. The proposed mechanisms of action were visualised in an acyclic behaviour change diagram.
Results
Programme theory for this digital health intervention includes 4 sub-behaviours of the main target behaviour (i.e. habitual heart-healthy physical activity), 8 personal determinants and 12 change objectives (i.e. changes needed at the determinant level to achieve the sub-behaviours). These are linked to 12 distinct features of the digital health intervention and 12 underlying behaviour change methods.
Conclusions
This case study offers a worked example of articulating programme theory for a digital health intervention using Intervention Mapping. Intervention developers and researchers may draw on this example to replicate the method, or to reflect on most suitable approaches for their own behaviour change interventions.
With an overall aim of providing insights into fostering an entrepreneurial mindset and promoting economic development, researchers have devoted notable attention to intentional and motivational factors for starting businesses, as well as those influencing processes from idea generation to the realisation of a new business. This research project aims to investigate the influence of family business background on entrepreneurial intention. One of the novel features of the approach is the rigorous statistical exploration of direct and moderating effects of family business background while accounting for other factors influencing entrepreneurial intention. The analysis is based on a survey of 590 active university students studying business and economics in the seven largest universities in Hungary. Hierarchical regression analysis was applied to examine how the existence of family business background can influence and moderate relationships between individual factors and entrepreneurial intention. Results confirm that family business background has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial intention and is most likely to exert its impact through increased human capital levels, entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and experience. The findings not only contribute to accumulated knowledge of the interdisciplinary family entrepreneurship field, but also have policy and educational implications.
The article aims to identify the important drivers of organic food purchase intention. A Cross-sectional study of 533 Saudi consumers’ purchase decisions about organic foods. Participants (222 female and 311 male) with access to organic food were obtained through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze data. This study used the TPB to determine purchase intention of organic food. The findings demonstrated the utility of a well-established cognitive psychology model (theory of planned behaviour [TPB]) in predicting the desire to purchase organic food in the setting of a developing country Saudi Arabia, and support the applicability of extending the TPB model with factors, namely, environmental concern (EC), convenience and trust and establishing their role in developing the purchase intention for organic food products. Thus, this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by developing a theoretical framework which depicts the relationship among the factors influencing consumer’s buying intention for organic food. Our findings may assist marketers and governments understand the factors that influence Saudis customer purchase intention toward organic food.
Along with the digital transformation of the administrative environment and the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, official endorsers have nurtured a new channel for tourism destination marketing, which is of great significance to local economic recovery. However, less attention has been paid to the different effects of endorsement between ordinary endorsers and official endorsers, mainly due to their contrasting social statuses. To bridge the research gap, the source credibility model and social identity theory are integrated to construct the distinctive attributes of officials, as well as structural equation model is utilized to explore the underlying mechanism of official endorsement. Findings indicate that trustworthiness, the sense of authority, expertise, and attractiveness have direct positive effects on official identification, while also indirectly influencing tourists’ attitudes toward the destination through official identification. These findings provide theoretical and managerial implications for the local government managers involved in tourism destination marketing.
Plain language summary
This study aimed to investigate students’ flow experience and attitudes as mediators in influencing students’ entrepreneurial intention-behavior in a social media-mediated e-commerce entrepreneurship education (EE) context by survey data and a research model using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the flow theory. Such learning environments enhanced students’ perceived behavioral control, increased their flow experience, improved attitudes toward social media-assisted entrepreneurial learning, and facilitated the intentions, which led to learning behavior performance achievement in a digital economy. Notably, the flow and attitudes constructs mediated the linkage between students’ perceived entrepreneurial feasibility and the intention-behavior relationship in the social media-assisting EE context. This study contributed to theory by emphasizing the importance of digital entrepreneurial learning in facilitating prospective entrepreneurs’ TPB cognitions, by identifying the mediation effects of learners’ flow and attitudes on the intention-behavior relationship, and by adding the flow concept into the TPB to understand the mechanism through which EE influences students’ exploratory behavior. Future research suggestions include a more significant sample number to examine entrepreneurship education and its impact on an intention-behavior link, using the PLS-SEM technique to assess indirect effects of flow and attitudes, and considering more learners’ psychological dimensions as additional constructs. Doing so advances the insights of EE practices in computer-mediated environments that facilitate students’ active learning and cognition, suggesting the possibility of increasing their entrepreneurial intentions and behavior in a digital business environment.
This study examines the factors and motivations behind social entrepreneurial behavior in Saudi Arabia, specifically highlighting the main findings. The research employs the Web of Science and Scopus databases to conduct a literature review following the PRISMA statement guidelines. Using the VOS viewer software, the analysis and identification of key terms result in three primary classifications. (1) The study of social entrepreneurial behavior and its consequences. (2) The examination of organizational dynamics and the creation of social value, including social innovation and corporate social responsibility. (3) The exploration of the relationship between the entrepreneurial ecosystem and planned behavioral constructs. The study explores Saudi Arabia’s efforts to promote entrepreneurial development and tackle ongoing challenges like high unemployment rates. The research highlights the potential of social entrepreneurship to create positive societal change. The text emphasizes the importance of improving the entrepreneurial ecosystem by focusing on cultural factors, social networks, institutional frameworks, investment capital, and economic policies. The findings enhance our comprehension of planned behavior outcomes in the context of social entrepreneurial behavior in Saudi Arabia.
Plant-based meat, a new eco-friendly and animal-friendly replacement of meat is an emerging substitute in the market necessitating the need to understand its dynamic and ambiguous consumer behaviour. For this purpose, this study aims to consolidate the extant research in the field to understand the shift towards plant-based meat consumption and to provide future research directions. In total, 100 articles were identified as relevant for this review after an elaborate, rigorous and systematic screening procedure using the PRISMA review protocol. The analysis used a hybrid framework employing the TCCM (Theory, Context, Characteristics and Method) framework and was further outlined using the 5W-1H approach. The study discusses important marketing insights for practitioners and also provides directions for future research avenues.
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