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L'Ouest français dans le français des Amériques: Le jeu des isoglosses morphologiques et la genèse du dialecte acadien
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Contact between French and Martinican Creole (MC) takes place in a society where bilingualism is the standard, in a situation of constant language mixing. French and MC, although related, show significant typological divergences on some specific features, e.g. the order between noun and definite determiner in the noun phrase, or the use of a linker to mark a possessive embedded noun phrase. In this paper, I explore the possible combination of the different values of these features in mixed noun phrases occurring in corpora. I inquire about the possible parameters which may influence the outcome and explain the relative frequencies of these different combinations. It appears that there is a partially common pool of elementary structures. Many utterances fall into the category termed by Muysken (2000) ‘congruent lexicalization’. I also observe that apparent complex double embeddings have an internal logic, as they result from adjunction of multi-word modifiers. Finally I propose a model which accounts for the observed occurrences by postulating a level in the speech generation process where language itself is underspecified, and where it is in a position to be specified on the fly by contextual factors, coming either from the lexicon or from the constructional frame.
Résumé
On a l’habitude de reconnaître l’existence de deux types majeurs de développement phonologique : le changement phonétique régulier, et le changement analogique. Selon Mańczak, cependant, il y en aurait un troisième : le changement phonétique irrégulier causé par la fréquence. Cet article analyse le domaine du changement sporadique à la lumière de phénomènes propres au québécois afin de déterminer si on peut y trouver une confirmation des généralisations qui ont été formulées au sujet de la fréquence d’emploi et de ses conséquences.
SUMMARY
Louis Meigret (c.l500-c.l558), one of the great 16th-century linguists, has remained at best imperfectly known to the present day. One reason of this neglect is that most of his linguistic work was written in an almost inaccessibly difficult orthography devised by its author. The present article (summarizing a book in print) sketches the bibliography of this humanist between 1531 and 1558 and recounts his activities as translator, orthographic reformer, and grammarian. His sources of inspiration are traced, but his originality is shown as well. Particular attention is given to his Grammaire of 1550, which had to wait, it appears, until the establishment of a structural approach to language in the 20th century to be fully appreciated.
RÉSUMÉ
Louis Meigret, un des grands linguistes du XVIe siècle, reste imparfaitement connu, surtout parce que la plupart de ses oeuvres sont écrites dans une orthographe illisible. Aucune monographie n'était jusqu'alors consacré à cet auteur. L'article, condensant un livre à paraître, retrace la biographie de l'humaniste entre 1531-1558 et présente les activités du traducteur, du réformateur de l'orthographe et du grammairien. Il révèle tant les influences subies que son originalité. La Grammaire de 1550 y est tout particulièrement analysée. Elle n'a pu être appréciée à sa juste valeur que par la linguistique structurale du XXe siècle.
Thesis (PhD)--Indiana University, 1992.
No de commande UMI00440218 de University Microfilms. Thèse (M.A.)--Carleton University, 1993. Comprend des réf. bibliogr.