FLORÍSTICA DE DIATOMEAS EPIFITAS EN UN MANCHÓN DE MACROALGAS SUBTROPICALES FLORISTICS OF EPIPHYTIC DIATOMS IN A PATCH OF SUBTROPICAL MACROALGAE
Abstract
ABSTRACT. The species composition of epiphytic diatom assemblages found on different taxa of subtropical macroalgae was determined. Samplings were carried out in a macroalgae bed located in Punta Roca Caimancito beach, B. C. S. in june and december 2001, and on april, may and july 2002, collecting the most frequent macroalgae taxa. The most conspicuous out of twelve macroalgae taxa were: Hydroclathrus clathrathus, Laurencia pacifica, L. johnstonii, Padina mexicana and P. caulescens. A total of 278 diatom taxa were recorded. This is the largest species richness recorded for this type of substrate, and out of which 44 are new records for the region. Out of 75 genera recognized the best represented were: Mastogloia (25 species), Amphora (23), Navicula (23), Nitzschia (22), Cocconeis (22), Lyrella (12) and Achnanthes (11). The most abundant taxa were Cocconeis disculus and C. dirupta. The number of diatom taxa per macroalgae species was also high, ranging from 89 (Codium spp.) to 143 (L. pacifica). Albeit, this difference could be attributed to the number of specimens collected per macroalga species.
Resumen: Se determinó la composición de especies de diatomeas epifitas en macroalgas de distintos taxa en una zona subtropical. Para ello, en un manchón ubicado en la playa Punta Roca Caimancito, B. C. S., se tomaron muestras de las macroalgas sobresalientes, en junio y diciembre de 2001, y abril, mayo y julio del 2002. Se identificaron 13 especies de macroalgas, de las cuales: Hydroclathrus clathrathus, Laurencia pacifica, L. johnstonii, Padina mexicana, P. caulescens y Codium spp. fueron las más conspicuas. El examen de la flora epifítica redituó 278 taxa de diatomeas, que es la máxima riqueza registrada para este tipo de sustrato, y de los cuales 44 son nuevos registros para la región. De los 75 géneros reconocidos de diatomeas, los mejor representados fueron: Mastogloia (25 especies), Amphora (23), Navicula (23), Nitzschia (22), Cocconeis (22), Lyrella (12) y Achnanthes (11). Los taxa más abundantes fueron Cocconeis disculus y C. dirupta. El número de taxa de diatomeas por especie hospedera también fue alto y varió entre 89 (Codium spp.) y 143 (L. pacifica), aunque las diferencias podrían deberse al número de especímenes procesados por especie de macroalga.
... A pesar de su importancia, el estudio florístico y ecológico de las diatomeas bentónicas marinas en México es aún escaso y la mayor parte de los esfuerzos se han realizado en el área de la Península de Baja California (Siqueiros-Beltrones et al., 1985;Siqueiros-Beltrones, 2002;Siqueiros-Beltrones et al., 2004;López-Fuerte & Siqueiros-Beltrones, 2006;Siqueiros-Beltrones & López-Fuerte, 2006;Siqueiros-Beltrones & Hernández-Almeida, 2006). En la Península de Yucatán y el Caribe Mexicano, no existen estudios que aborden de manera particular a las diatomeas bentónicas; para el Golfo de México solo se cuenta con el estudio de Stidolph et al. (2012). ...
The ecology and floristics of the marine benthic diatoms are barely studied in Mexico. For the Yucatán Península, there are practically no studies dealing with these topics. The objective of this study is to present new records of benthic diatoms and their distribution in the northern coast of the Yucatán Península; descriptions based on light and electron microscopy are also provided. In order to achieve this, we examined phytoplankton samples from various localities and from Thalassia testudinum blades on Dzilam de Bravo. With the exception of Synedrosphenia cuneata and Cocconeis maxima the remainder species were found both on phytoplankton and T. testudinum samples, thus suggesting that re-suspension processes of benthic diatoms are occurring in the area. The most abundant species was Climaconeis aff. coxii. The number of new records from a few samples emphasizes the need to continue and intensify the study of benthic diatoms in the Yucatán Península.
... A pesar de su importancia, el estudio florístico y ecológico de las diatomeas bentónicas marinas en México es aún escaso y la mayor parte de los esfuerzos se han realizado en el área de la Península de Baja California (Siqueiros-Beltrones et al., 1985;Siqueiros-Beltrones, 2002;Siqueiros-Beltrones et al., 2004;López-Fuerte & Siqueiros-Beltrones, 2006;Siqueiros-Beltrones & López-Fuerte, 2006;Siqueiros-Beltrones & Hernández-Almeida, 2006). En la Península de Yucatán y el Caribe Mexicano, no existen estudios que aborden de manera particular a las diatomeas bentónicas; para el Golfo de México solo se cuenta con el estudio de Stidolph et al. (2012). ...
The ecology and floristics of the marine benthic diatoms are barely studied in Mexico. For the Yucatán Península, there are practically no studies dealing with these topics. The objective of this study is to present new records of benthic diatoms and their distribution in the northern coast of the Yucatán Península; descriptions based on light and electron microscopy are also provided. In order to achieve this, we examined phytoplankton samples from various localities and from Thalassia testudinum blades on Dzilam de Bravo. With the exception of Synedrosphenia cuneata and Cocconeis maxima the remainder species were found both on phytoplankton and T. testudinum samples, thus suggesting that re-suspension processes of benthic diatoms are occurring in the area. The most abundant species was Climaconeis aff. coxii. The number of new records from a few samples emphasizes the need to continue and intensify the study of benthic diatoms in the Yucatán Península.
... Finalmente, las diatomeas bentónicas son el alimento principal de una gran cantidad de organismos ; recientemente se ha demostrado que su contribución a la dieta de formas suspensívoras y pastoreadoras es mayor que la que aportan los pastos marinos (Lebreton et al., 2011). A pesar de su importancia, el estudio florístico y ecológico de las diatomeas bentónicas marinas en México es aún escaso y la mayor parte de los esfuerzos se han realizado en el área de la Península de Baja California (Siqueiros-Beltrones et al., 1985; Siqueiros-Beltrones, 2002; Siqueiros-Beltrones et al., 2004; LópezFuerte & Siqueiros-Beltrones, 2006; Siqueiros-Beltrones & LópezFuerte, 2006; Siqueiros-Beltrones & Hernández-Almeida, 2006). En la Península de Yucatán y el Caribe Mexicano, no existen estudios que aborden de manera particular a las diatomeas bentónicas; para el Golfo de México solo se cuenta con el estudio de Stidolph et al. (2012). ...
The ecology and floristics of the marine benthic diatoms are barely studied in Mexico. For the Yucatán Península, there are practically no studies dealing with these topics. The objective of this study is to present new records of benthic diatoms and their distribution in the northern coast of the Yucatán Península; descriptions based on light and electron microscopy are also provided. In order to achieve this, we examined phytoplankton samples from various localities and from Thalassia testudinum blades on Dzilam de Bravo. With the exception of Synedrosphenia cuneata and Cocconeis maxima the remainder species were found both on phytoplankton and T. testudinum samples, thus suggesting that re-suspension processes of benthic diatoms are occurring in the area. The most abundant species was Climaconeis aff. coxii. The number of new records from a few samples emphasizes the need to continue and intensify the study of benthic diatoms in the Yucatán Península.
As part of a floristic analysis of diatoms (Bacillariophyta) at Reserva de la Biosfera Marismas Nacionales in Nayarit, Mexico, Cymatodiscus planetophorus is recorded for the first time in the northwestern coasts of Mexico. Samples were collected from various substrata in estuarine wetlands in areas of production and fishing of pleasure oyster Crassostrea corteziensis and mullet Mugil curema, respectively. Specimens of C. planetophorus were successfully distinguished of Cymatotheca weissflogii based on
meristic and morphological characteristics using optic microscopy. Their frequency and abundance on inspected substrata confirm the benthic/tychoplanktic habit of this taxon. Both M. curema and C. corteziensis are added to the list of consumers of C. planetophorus; the latter also as a new substrate. Complementary ecological
remarks are provided.
As part of a floristic analysis of diatoms
(Bacillariophyta) at Reserva de la Biosfera Marismas
Nacionales in Nayarit, Mexico, Cymatodiscus
planetophorus is recorded for the first time in the
northwestern coasts of Mexico. Samples were collected
from various substrata in estuarine wetlands in areas of
production and fishing of pleasure oyster Crassostrea
corteziensis and mullet Mugil curema, respectively.
Specimens of C. planetophorus were successfully
distinguished of Cymatotheca weissflogii based on
meristic and morphological characteristics using optic
microscopy. Their frequency and abundance on the inspected substrata confirm the benthic/tychoplanktic
habit of this taxon. Both M. curema and C. corteziensis
are added to the list of consumers of C. planetophorus; the
latter also as a new substrate. Complementary ecological
remarks are provided.
Como parte de una estrategia de conservacion del Refugio de Fauna Silvestre Isla de Aves, el cual representa una zona geoestrategica para la Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela, las instituciones de investigacion del pais realizan campanas anuales para conocer la biodiversidad de la isla. Uno de los componentes biologicos mas importantes es el fitoplancton, ya que, a pesar de que sustenta las redes troficas pelagicas marinas y es parte esencial del ciclo de los nutrientes, no ha sido estudiado en esta zona, por lo que se presenta en este documento, un inventario del fitoplancton marino. Para ello, se realizaron arrastres con una red conica de fitoplancton en julio de 2011 y 2012. En laboratorio, se estimo la abundancia por el metodo de Utermolh, con un microscopio invertido y claves taxonomicas. La comunidad estuvo representada por 191 especies distribuidas en 121 diatomeas, 58 dinoflagelados, 6 cianobacterias, 3 euglenofitas y 3 silicoflagelados. Finalmente, destacamos que la zona marino costera de la isla se caracteriza por una comunidad fitoplanctonica diversa, con abundancias caracteristicas de aguas oligotroficas de ecosistemas coralinos y procesos de mezcla de la columna de agua.
Como parte de una estrategia de conservación del Refugio de Fauna Silvestre Isla de Aves, el cual representa una zona geoestratégica para la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, las instituciones de investigación del país realizan cam-pañas anuales para conocer la biodiversidad de la isla. Uno de los componentes biológicos más importantes es el fitoplancton, ya que, a pesar de que sustenta las redes tróficas pelágicas marinas y es parte esencial del ciclo de los nutrientes, no ha sido estudiado en esta zona, por lo que se presenta en este documento, un inventario del fitoplancton marino. Para ello, se realizaron arrastres con una red cónica de fitoplancton en julio de 2011 y 2012. En laboratorio, se estimó la abundancia por el método de Utermölh, con un microscopio invertido y claves ta-xonómicas. La comunidad estuvo representada por 191 especies distribuidas en 121 diatomeas, 58 dinoflagela-dos, 6 cianobacterias, 3 euglenofitas y 3 silicoflagelados. Finalmente, destacamos que la zona marino costera de la isla se caracteriza por una comunidad fitoplanctónica diversa, con abundancias características de aguas oligotró-ficas de ecosistemas coralinos y procesos de mezcla de la columna de agua.
As part of a conservation strategy for the Wildlife Refuge "Isla de Aves", which represents a geostrategic zone for the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, several research institutions conduct studies every year to learn about the island's biodiversity. One of the most important biological components is phytoplankton, since although it sustains marine pelagic trophic networks and is an essential part of the nutrient cycles; it has not been studied in this area, so an inventory of marine phytoplankton was accomplished. Here, we carried out several trawls with a conical phyto-plankton net in July 2011 and July 2012. In the laboratory , abundance was estimated by the Utermölh method, with an inverted microscope and specialized bibliography. The community was represented by 191 species distributed in 121 diatoms, 58 dinoflagellates, 6 cyanobacteria, 3 eugleophytes and 3 silicoflagellates. The coastal marine zone of the island is characterized by a diverse phyto-plankton community, with characteristic abundances of oligotrophic waters of coral ecosystems and processes of mixing the water column.
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