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‘The Relationship between Consumer Innovativeness, Personal Characteristics, and Online Banking Adoption’
Abstract
Purpose
This paper explores the relationships between consumer innovativeness, self‐efficacy on the internet, internet attitudes and online banking adoption, while controlling for personal characteristics.
Design/methodology/approach
The study integrates the technology acceptance model (TAM) and adoption of innovation framework to develop predictions of online banking acceptance. It distinguishes between innate consumer innovativeness, a generalized personality trait, and internet‐domain‐specific or actualized innovativeness in order to explore consumer characteristics' impact on adoption. Data are analyzed using logistic regression.
Findings
While results confirm the positive relationship between internet related innovativeness and online banking they also surprisingly show that general innovativeness is negatively related to online banking.
Research limitations/implications
Results may or may not differ according to whether consumers are using online, telephone banking, electronic funds transfer (EFT) or direct bill payment. Our results may generalize to telephone banking and EFT as these products, like online banking, require an active consumer role in using the product. With direct bill payment, consumers need only set up the process initially and then monitor it on a semi‐regular basis.
Practical implications
Findings suggest that the type of consumer innovation matters in understanding the adoption of e‐banking processes. This supports the notion that online shoppers are distinct from traditional non‐online shoppers or highlight the unique nature of purchasing financial versus non‐financial products. Banks offering e‐banking need to recognize the importance of internet‐specific consumer innovation characteristics.
Originality/value
This paper closes a research gap as the model tested provides insights toward understanding the consumer‐based phenomenon of e‐banking, and serves to evaluate the TAM in this context. In contrast to previous research the study utilized an actual measure of e‐banking adoption versus a measure of intention to use the technology.
... Some studies showed that technology use behaviour is influenced by several variables such as age, gender and educational level of users (Lassar et al., 2005;Fonchamnyo, 2013;Al-Dmour et al., 2021). Hence our research subjects are accountants in listed companies, so the characteristics of their age, gender, educational level and even their working position will also be included in the model as control variables. ...
... This finding is not supported by Fonchamnyo (2013). Lassar et al. (2005) also showed that educational level was negatively correlated with the behaviour of using online banking. ...
... Therefore, further studies should overcome the above limitations. New research should include survey subject factors such as income (Lassar et al., 2005;Fonchamnyo, 2013) since they may be related to level of digitalisation. The technology-organisation-environment (TOE) model should be considered in the further research in order to have more explanations about the factors affecting the level of digitalisation. ...
The main purpose of this study is to investigate whether accountants' knowledge and skills about technology affect the level of digitalisation in accounting using the expanded TAM model. The study data was collected using an online questionnaire, where it sent randomly to 1,200 listed companies in Vietnam (one questionnaire for each company). The findings of this study indicated that skills about technology were positively linked with the level of digitalisation in accounting and had a stronger influence than knowledge and perceived usefulness about that technology. Besides, the level of digitalisation in accounting was not linked with perceived ease of use. Further findings showed the importance of perceived usefulness as it plays mediating role in the relationship between both technological knowledge and skills with the level of digitalisation in accounting. Finally, in the trend of digitalisation, Vietnamese companies should apply digital technology to maintain their competitive advantage and ensure their survival.
... This finding contradicts a previous study conducted by [47] that indicates that perceived risks are found to affect attitudes towards mobile banking although, among the factors that were found in his study, perceived risk is considered the least significant. First, an explanation can be found in studies conducted by [45,48] that concluded that consumers that adopt new technology are characterized as younger, have higher levels of income, and education, and hence are more tolerant towards risk and more willing to adopt innovative technology such as mobile banking. Second, another explanation is that Trust in the banks considered in this study has already established thus helping to lower the perceived risk is among the mobile banking apps provided by these banks. ...
... This finding supports the previous study [45,48] that consumers that adopt new technology are characterized as younger, have higher levels of income, and education and thus are more tolerant towards risk and more willing to adopt innovative technology such as mobile banking. However, this finding contradicts the study conducted [47] that found PR significantly influenced intention towards mobile banking acceptance in Taiwan and Vietnam. ...
This study examines the factors of mobile banking adoption by 1162 bank customers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data collection was analyzed using PLS-SEM with Smart PLS 4.0. This study extends the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB) model by disease risk, trust, and a five-dimensional perceived risk. Based on the findings, disease risk, attitude, perceived behavior control, and trust influence customers' intention to use mobile banking, whereas subjective norm and perceived risk had little impact. Disease risk has the greatest influence indicating the danger posed by the pandemic in using cash as payment. As a result, banks must focus on mobile banking innovation tailored to customer needs, user-friendly, easier to navigate and enable banking services for daily use.
... This finding contradicts a previous study conducted by [47] that indicates that perceived risks are found to affect attitudes towards mobile banking although, among the factors that were found in his study, perceived risk is considered the least significant. First, an explanation can be found in studies conducted by [45,48] that concluded that consumers that adopt new technology are characterized as younger, have higher levels of income, and education, and hence are more tolerant towards risk and more willing to adopt innovative technology such as mobile banking. Second, another explanation is that Trust in the banks considered in this study has already established thus helping to lower the perceived risk is among the mobile banking apps provided by these banks. ...
... This finding supports the previous study [45,48] that consumers that adopt new technology are characterized as younger, have higher levels of income, and education and thus are more tolerant towards risk and more willing to adopt innovative technology such as mobile banking. However, this finding contradicts the study conducted [47] that found PR significantly influenced intention towards mobile banking acceptance in Taiwan and Vietnam. ...
This study examines the factors of mobile banking adoption by 1162 bank customers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data collection was analyzed using PLS-SEM with Smart PLS 4.0. This study extends the decomposed theory of planned behavior (DTPB) model by disease risk, trust, and a five-dimensional perceived risk. Based on the findings, disease risk, attitude, perceived behavior control, and trust influence customers' intention to use mobile banking, whereas subjective norm and perceived risk had little impact. Disease risk has the greatest influence indicating the danger posed by the pandemic in using cash as payment. As a result, banks must focus on mobile banking innovation tailored to customer needs, user-friendly, easier to navigate and enable banking services for daily use.
... Consumer innovativeness is the actual adoption of information, ideas and products or services perceived as new by the user (Lassar et al., 2005), while online engagement is reacting to content from the brand on social media (Van Doorn et al., 2010). It is therefore suggested that consumer innovativeness is associated with online engagement (Lassar et al., 2005), who go on to further suggest that a direct and positive relationship exists between the two constructs. ...
... Consumer innovativeness is the actual adoption of information, ideas and products or services perceived as new by the user (Lassar et al., 2005), while online engagement is reacting to content from the brand on social media (Van Doorn et al., 2010). It is therefore suggested that consumer innovativeness is associated with online engagement (Lassar et al., 2005), who go on to further suggest that a direct and positive relationship exists between the two constructs. Engagement or the desire to purchase a new product is a result of consumer innovativeness (Goldsmith et al., 2015). ...
As the LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer) lifestyle has gained increased acceptance among mainstream consumer groups, companies are recognising the need to tailor their marketing strategies to align with this consumer segment. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of consumer innovativeness and personal identity on gay consumers' online engagement and attitude toward cosmetic brands. By means of an empirical analysis, a quantitative method was used, and 494 online surveys were distributed among members of the LGBTQ community in South Africa to gain insight into their online buying behaviour for cosmetic brands. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27 and AMOS 27 software for the descriptive and inferential statistics, respectively. The key findings indicated that all five hypotheses were supported. In other words, consumer innovativeness has a significant influence on personal identity, brand attitude and online engagement, while personal identity significantly influences both online engagement and brand attitude. Consumer innovativeness and personal identity are therefore strong predictors of online brand engagement and attitude towards cosmetic brands among LGBTQ consumers. Implications from the research were presented while further research opportunities were explored.
... Personal innovativeness refers to the extent to which an individual's decision process is autonomous from the influence of others within the social system [16]. It is believed that highly innovative individuals will have more intention to use smartwatches. ...
... Specifically, twenty-one items adapted from [11] measured performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and price value. Five items based on [16] measured personal innovativeness. Four items from [20] assessed perceived risk. ...
The rapid advancement in information and communication technologies has resulted in the emergence of smartwatches. The health tracking functions in the smartwatch enable users to monitor their health status and encourage a healthy lifestyle, which may help to reduce the possibility to get noncommunicable diseases (NCD). Thus, there is a need to understand what attracts customers to use the device. Hence, the main objective of this study is to examine the factors that influence customers to use smartwatches. Accordingly, the Unified Technology Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) was extended with three variables namely personal innovativeness, privacy risk, and healthology. A sample of 299 potential smartwatch users in Malaysia was used to test the research model. The results demonstrated that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, personal innovativeness, and healthology are associated with customers’ intention to use smartwatches. Moreover, the study revealed the moderating effect of gender on healthology and intention to use smartwatches relationship. The findings provide theoretical and practical implications for practitioners in the smartwatches market.KeywordsSmartwatchTechnology acceptanceUTAUT2WearableUse intention
... Furthermore, Lassar et al. suggested personal characteristics and consumer innovativeness as two main influential factors affecting customers' online banking adoption [55], while Hanudin investigated e-banking acceptance among students in Malaysia and found that self-efficacy and perceived credibility have a positive relation with attitude [56]. Moreover, Toots noted that people's attitude to adopt virtual government services is affected by self-efficacy and skills, the possibility of reaching technology and expertise of using the Internet [57]. ...
... The above results mean that the older generations were less satisfied and have less attitude and intention to reuse e-services than the younger generations besides that the older generation groups (46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)(65) have more differences between satisfaction and attitude from one side and intention to keep using e-services, which means that the intention of the oldest generation groups to keep using e-services decreases more than their satisfaction and attitude do. ...
Abstract: This study takes advantage of COVID-19 experience in regards of ‘compulsory’ shifting
toward using e-services to evaluate Central European countries’ citizens’ future attitude and intention
to keep using e-services after COVID-19 pandemic precautionary measures end regarding the case
study of Visegrád Group (V4) countries: Czech, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, considering the
impact of users’ satisfaction with e-services during that period, taking age and gender as control
variables. Total of 354 survey responses used in analyzing distributed questionnaire answers. The
study found 84% of V4 countries’ users between 18–35 years old were satisfied and willing to keep
using e-services, whereas only 44.5% of 46–55-year-old users have this future willingness, the vast
majority of oldest respondents between 56–65 don’t intend to keep using e-services after COVID-19
pandemic precautionary measures end, while only 16.6% having the intention to do so. Moreover,
this research finds no impact of gender on e-services satisfaction, attitude and intention in regard to
the study. One of the main contributions of this study is raising attention to the decreasing intentions
to keep using e-services among users above 35 as their age increases, addressing this weakness is
very important to involve older generations in future digitizing-projects and successful e-government
implementation.
Keywords: e-services; satisfaction; attitude; intention; COVID-19; Central Europe; Visegrád Group (V4)
... For example, Lassar et al. tested the impact of consumers' personality traits on the acceptance of online banking based on TAM model and innovation framework. The results confirmed that consumers' innovation has a significant positive impact on the use intention of online banking [15] ; Lu conducted a survey among undergraduate and graduate students in American universities and found that among well-educated mobile e-commerce users, innovation at the level of information technology is a powerful factor affecting users' willingness to continue to use [16] ; Lin & Filieri integrated the individual psychological structure into the TAM model and constructed the continuous use intention model of air passengers' online flight boarding service. The results showed that the innovation of Chinese airline passengers who have experienced online registration service can directly affect their continuous use intention [17] . ...
... The final scale includes 9 variables and 30 items. Among them, expectation Confirmation (EC), perceived usefulness (PU), satisfaction (SA) and willingness to continue use (CI) refer to the scale of Bhattacherjee [4] , self-efficacy (SE) and subjective reference (SN) refer to the scale of HSU & Chiu (2004) [10] , privacy concern (PC) refer to the scale of son & Kim (2008) [22] , innovation (in) refer to the scale of Lassar et al. [15] , and switching cost (SC) refer to the scale of Jones et al. [23] . The option is scored with Likert 7 scale, reminding participants to answer according to their actual feelings. ...
p>Based on the Expectation Confirmation Model of Information System(ECM-IS), three personal characteristic factors of self-efficacy, privacy concerns, and innovation as well as two external environmental factors of subjective reference and switching costs were introduced to construct a model of factors affecting users’ continuance intention of wearable devices from the perspective of “technology-individual-environment”. 356 valid samples were collected through the questionnaire for empirical analysis. The results of the study show that self-efficacy, switching costs, and perceived usefulness in the ECM-IS model have a significant effect on users’ continuance intention at p <0.001 level while innovativeness and subjective references affect users’ continuance intention at p <0.05, but privacy concerns have no effect on continuance intention.</p
... Furthermore, innovators are keener to take risks and adopt earlier than other users new technologies (Filieri et al., 2017;Liu et al., 2010;Rogers, 2003). Research has demonstrated a significant relationship between innovativeness and users' adoption intention for online banking (Lassar et al., 2005), notetaking and photo sharing apps (Ding, 2019), e-commerce (Herrero Crespo & Rodríguez del Bosque, 2008), and mobile shopping apps (Fang, 2017). ...
... The confirmed influence of innovativeness on technology use supports previous studies' findings in different contexts. According to these studies, individuals possessing innovative personality traits are more likely to adopt innovations sooner than other individuals when it comes to new technologies like online banking, photo sharing apps, smartwatch, mobile wireless Internet services, and mobile shopping (e.g., Alalwan et al., 2018;Fang 2017;Herrero Crespo et al., 2008;Hong et al., 2017;Jackson et al., 2013;Lassar et al., 2005;Lu et al., 2005). This study supports the predicting power of this personality trait and shows that people with innovative personality traits are more likely to use fitness apps. ...
Health and fitness apps have grown exponentially during covid-19 lockdowns. Using a sample of 331 European fitness apps users, this study investigated the psychological drivers of users’ intention on fitness apps. This study draws upon the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and innovation diffusion theory. Its findings reveal that subjective knowledge and personal innovativeness predict perceived Usefulness, health consciousness, and ease of use. The strongest predictor of intention to use an app is perceived Usefulness, which mediates the influence of subjective knowledge and innovativeness on intention to use. Health consciousness predicts ease of use; however, the latter does not predict behavioural intention. This is one of the first studies on European users of fitness apps and investigating the psychological antecedents of TAM, i.e., innovativeness, subjective knowledge, and consciousness.
... Consumers' green food purchase behavior, also known as sustainable consumption of green food, refers to a new type of consumer behavior and process characterized by moderate consumption control, avoiding or reducing environmental damage, advocating nature and protecting the ecology (Lassar et al., 2005). In order to better understand and predict the consumer green food purchase behavior, this paper based on the rational behavior theory and planning behavior theory, by analyzing the relationship between these motivation factors and purchasing behavior, build a theoretical analysis framework of the main motivation of consumers to buy green food, so as to identify the main motivation factors affecting consumers to buy green food, for policy makers, green product manufacturers and sellers to provide important reference to develop marketing strategies to promote green consumption. ...
Introduction
There exists a noticeable gap between consumers' willingness to purchase green food and their actual purchase behavior. However, the awareness of green development is a crucial factor influencing this purchase behavior and acts as an internal driving force promoting green consumption. Consumers' green development awareness is shaped by various psychological motivations, including environmental concern, health consciousness, knowledge, norms, and price considerations. The existing literature often focuses on specific regions or groups, lacking comprehensive cross-regional and multivariate evaluations, and frequently overlooks the potential impact of moderating variables such as economic development level, product type, and behavior type.
Methods
To clarify the overall effect of each motivational factor on green food purchase behavior, this study conducted a meta-analysis. We selected eight causal variables and three moderating variables that significantly influence consumers' green food purchase behavior. The analysis included 132 independent effect values from 45 research papers.
Results
The meta-analysis revealed that: Consumers' green food purchase behavior is significantly positively correlated with eight motivational factors: environmental awareness, health awareness, green attitude, green knowledge, subjective norms, price awareness, perceived behavior control, and perceived usefulness. Economic development level, product type, and behavior type significantly affect consumers' green food purchase behavior. The impact of motivational factors on actual purchase behavior is weaker than on purchase intention, suggesting that interventions should focus on converting purchase intentions into actual purchase behavior. The findings indicate that environmental responsibility, government policies, and marketing strategies can influence consumers' psychological motives, guiding them toward more responsible consumption choices.
Discussion
Enhancing consumers' environmental and health awareness is essential, and policy support and marketing strategies can effectively promote green food consumption. These insights underscore the importance of targeted interventions to bridge the gap between green purchase intention and behavior.
... The innovativate products should be easily understood and accessible by customers, thus understaind how an innovation is adpoted and felt by a customer is important. Studies by Lassar et al. (2004), proposed that utilization of innovation based framework relies on the customers feeling and demeanor towards it and that level of purchasers' advancements matters in adjusting and using e-banking products and services. The findings were that for consumers to be well benefited, banking products should be organized according to the characteristics of customer's needs. ...
Abstract:
This study sought to find the role of innovative banking products on customer perception influencing accounting procedures in Kurdistan. The Innovative banking product was embraced as an independent variable through (transactional costs, innovation, and accessibility) and customer perception as a dependent variable. Lack of understanding of customer perception and accounting procedures is proving to be the main problem of the acceptance of products as it is the source of economic benefit in the Kurdistan financial sector. Pearson correlation tests were carried out to assess the relationship between the independent variables (Transaction costs, accessibility, and innovation) and the dependent variable of Customer perceptions. The statistical package for the social sciences program (SPSS 20) was used for data analysis and presentation. Results indicated that all variables had a positive relationship with customer perceptions. The study recommended that the banks need to understand the risks associated with innovation in line with the accounting procedures to understand customer’s perceptions before developing and rolling out new products. Customers view products and services differently, therefore there is a need to improve customer relations, customer education and awareness, and customer loyalty.
... The results verify that Perceived Risk significantly affects respondents' intentions to use mobile banking in Indonesia. First, studies conducted by (Koksal 2016;Lassar et al. 2005) concluded that consumers who adopt new technology are younger, have higher levels of income and education, are more tolerant of risk, and are more willing to adopt innovative technologies such as mobile banking. This is consistent with the characteristics of respondents who have much higher income levels, with 41.7% having monthly expenses ranging from US$ 200 to over US$ 500, despite the fact that the annual Indonesian GDP is just over US$ 3000 per capita (BPS Indonesia 2022). ...
The recent COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in business, technology, and social interactions, creating a new normal that has important implications for the role of technology, including
mobile banking services that offer safer and more hygienic payment methods than cash. Innovations in mobile banking services have been considered to have the ability to provide unbanked customers
with better access in growing markets such as Indonesia, which still has a huge unbanked population of 100 million people. This study evaluates the driving factors of mobile banking adoption by 1441
banking customers among major digital banks in Indonesia. Data collected between September 2022 and March 2023 were examined using PLS-SEM with Smart PLS 4.0.9.6. This study extends the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB) framework by including Disease Risk, Trust, Firm Reputation, Perceived Risk, Performance Risk, Privacy Risk, Financial Risk, Psychological Risk,
Time Risk, and Disease Risk. The findings show that Trust, Attitude, Perceived Behavior Control, Perceived Risk, Psychological Risk, and Disease Risk play a significant role in respondents’ intention
to adopt mobile banking services. In contrast, Subjective Norm, Firm Reputation, Performance Risk, Privacy Risk, Financial Risk, and Time Risk had lower impacts. The findings suggest that users choose mobile banking over cash as a safety measure. As a result, banks must prioritize their mobile banking innovations tailored to personalized user experience to deepen engagement, with easy-to-use navigation that fits the lifestyles, values, and needs of banking customers.
... Interestingly, innovators, who typically exhibit characteristics such as high wealth, education, active social participation, and leadership, are often the first to adopt new services or goods, such as internet banking [14]. The perception of potential benefits, which significantly influences the acceptance of service, is an important consideration in individual decision making about technology adoption [15]. Aside from personal preferences, factors such as consumer demand, market competition, technology accessibility, and overall market forces influence the adoption of online banking services among banks [16]. ...
Even though the literature implies that customers and banking organizations can profit from digital banking in various ways, client adoption of this service is still low, especially in emerging and developing nations. Consumers’ openness to digital services limits their willingness to adopt digital banking, especially mobile banking services. We used a quantitative research method based on a questionnaire sent during August–December 2022 to Romanian individuals and received 118 answers, which we analyzed using the logistic regression model; throughout, we determined the extent of mobile banking use, payments, and banking products needed within the population with tertiary education, as well as new developments that the shift to digitalization brings to users, with new features for existing products, cryptocurrency accounts, and fintech companies now being complementary to traditional banks. Our study presents current customer perceptions of implementing bank digitalization through mobile applications in a developing nation like Romania; here, advantages are counterbalanced by limitations and there are, undoubtedly, difficulties to be overcome in the quest for a more effective e-business framework. We determined the factors that are relevant in making people use fintech accounts using logit analysis.
... In adoption literature innovativeness has been measured primarily in two ways, viz. global or innate innovativeness and domain-specific innovativeness (Citrin et al., 2000;Lassar et al., 2005). Global innovativeness is regarded as a generalised personality trait of the individual (Midgley & Dowling, 1978) and describes the level to which an individual is innovative in general. ...
Internet ubiquity is making video-streaming over-the-top (VSOTT) applications popular among masses. However, little is known about the factors which drive their acceptance. This study extends technology acceptance model (TAM) with some perceived attributes of VSOTT platform and users' personal characteristics to identify the factors that influence the acceptance of VSOTT. The result of a survey involving 322 respondents reveal that attributes of platform viz. perceived usefulness, aesthetic appeal, content richness, and perceived economic value and users' personal characteristic viz. innovativeness affect the intention of users to pay for the paid plans of VSOTT. These findings provide theoretical explanation of acceptance of VSOTT by individual users as well as valuable practical insights for the VSOTT application.
... Factors affecting customers' intention to adopt e-banking service channels have been at the forefront of several research works in the developed world (Lassar, 2005;Kolodinsky and Hogarth, 2004;Pikkarainen et al, 2004;Karjaluoto, 2002;Daniel, 1999;Lichtenstein & Williamson, 2006;Yiu et al, 2007;Chan & Lu, 2004;. ...
This study is undertaken to analyze factors that influence customers' intention to adopt e-banking service channels in Bahir Dar city. A conceptual framework was developed by integrating six variables from theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance model and previous studies. The findings revealed that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use and perceived risk were significant in affecting users' intention to use e-banking service channels. The construct perceived behavioral control emerged as a dominant factor followed by attitudes and perceived usefulness in predicting an individual's intention to adopt e-banking service channels. Finally, attitude is jointly predicted by perceived behavioral control, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and perceived risk while perceived ease of use contributed more for the variation in attitude.
... These applications need more attention, as do the effects of the factors identified in this study. Furthermore, the study findings are consistent with the existing body of the literature, 21 which has also confirmed the effect of the personal individual factors and revealed their significant role to differentiate the customer ER. ...
Maintaining durable and long-lasting relationships with customers is a key factor that is widely considered by marketing practitioners and company management. Therefore, this study aims to explore and examine the factors (personal interest, trust, safety perceptions, E-transaction acceptance, and privacy concerns) influencing electronic relationship ER from the customers’ perspectives. The study selected the sample from university students (456 respondents) and was conducted in United Arab Emirates UAE, to analyze their perspectives about these factors. The study findings found significantly positive effect of all these factors on ER. And the most influential one was the personal interest followed by trust. Our research concludes by mentioning customers’ communication experiences and perceptions with their companies in order to assess their ability to meet expectations and maintain ongoing relationships. The research implications offer the marketing practitioners with insight to diversify their interaction ways with their key customers.
... Another study by Agarwal and Prasad (1998) examined personal innovativeness and whether perceptions play a vital role in the intention to use information technology. It also found that personal innovativeness among users has high-level rates of usage intention on the adoption of online banking services (Lassar et al., 2005) and mobile commerce (Lu, 2014). Because innovative citizens develop positive perceptions more than others in terms of technology features, Agarwal and Prasad (1998) and San Martín and Herrero (2012a) studied innovativeness to influence the relationships between the UTAUT model's factors (PE, EE, and SI) and intention to purchase online. ...
Digital Transformation in Health care in post-COVID times
... In the second layer, computer self-efficacy was found significantly affecting customer's intention to use online banking (Beta = 0.807, p -value < 0.05). This result is consistent with (Lassar et al., 2005;Marakarkandy et al., 2017), which confirmed that computer self-efficacy enables the customers to be more motivated to use multiple internet-based applications to explore and navigate in online services. These services include various online banking services. ...
... Chau and Lai (2003) have found out that PU is the only important factor influencing users' attitude towards online banking, and Eriksson et al. (2004) have stated that PU is the most essential factor in predicting customers' acceptance of online banking in Estonia. The findings of Lassar, Manolis and Lassar (2005) have suggested that the more experienced the consumers are in using computers and the Internet, the higher the probability that they will use online banking. Other indicators that have been associated with user attitude towards online banking include "subjective norms" (Chan & Lu, 2004), "computer self-efficacy" (Guriting & Ndubisi, 2006), and "demographic factors" (Sathye, 1999;Jayawardhena & Foley, 2000;Kajaluoto et al., 2002). ...
... Prior research points out that user innovativeness can influence the behavioral intention to use AI products [14], including the adoption intention of wearable health care technology [8]. Consumer innovativeness plays a critical role in AI adoption and can be influenced by marketing campaigns from the organization [31], especially in the case of the adoption of medical technologies [32,33]. ...
Background:
Artificial intelligence (AI) can transform health care processes with its increasing ability to translate complex structured and unstructured data into actionable clinical decisions. Although it has been established that AI is much more efficient than a clinician, the adoption rate has been slower in health care. Prior studies have pointed out that the lack of trust in AI, privacy concerns, degrees of customer innovativeness, and perceived novelty value influence AI adoption. With the promotion of AI products to patients, the role of rhetoric in influencing these factors has received scant attention.
Objective:
The main objective of this study was to examine whether communication strategies (ethos, pathos, and logos) are more successful in overcoming factors that hinder AI product adoption among patients.
Methods:
We conducted experiments in which we manipulated the communication strategy (ethos, pathos, and logos) in promotional ads for an AI product. We collected responses from 150 participants using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants were randomly exposed to a specific rhetoric-based advertisement during the experiments.
Results:
Our results indicate that using communication strategies to promote an AI product affects users' trust, customer innovativeness, and perceived novelty value, leading to improved product adoption. Pathos-laden promotions improve AI product adoption by nudging users' trust (n=52; β=.532; P<.001) and perceived novelty value of the product (n=52; β=.517; P=.001). Similarly, ethos-laden promotions improve AI product adoption by nudging customer innovativeness (n=50; β=.465; P<.001). In addition, logos-laden promotions improve AI product adoption by alleviating trust issues (n=48; β=.657; P<.001).
Conclusions:
Promoting AI products to patients using rhetoric-based advertisements can help overcome factors that hinder AI adoption by assuaging user concerns about using a new AI agent in their care process.
... Akhter (2015) examined the role of technology comfort in the context of online shopping and defined technology comfort as the level of comfort that individuals have in handling computers and the Internet. The extant literature has argued that consumers desire a minimum level of technology comfort when dealing with service providers (Lassar et al., 2005). Spake et al. (2003) found that technology comfort positively affects the outcomes of marketing interventions. ...
The proliferation of social media platforms has provided researchers with ample opportunities to explore the implications of these platforms' positive and negative use. Focusing on the latter, the literature has highlighted the severe implications of the fear of missing out (FoMO) and its associations with negative aspects of social media use, such as the problematic use of social media, phubbing, and reduced well-being. Our study investigates the association between FoMO and social media fatigue, which is mediated by information and communication overload, online subjective well-being (OSWB), and compulsive social media use (compulsive use). The proposed model is grounded strongly in self-determination theory (SDT), the theory of compensatory Internet use (TCIU), and the limited-capacity model of motivated mediated message processing (LC4MP). We tested the model using two independent cross-sectional data sets collected from Instagram and Snapchat users. Our findings, which align with TCIU, suggest that FoMO is positively associated with information overload and compulsive use for both Instagram and Snapchat users. For Snapchat users, FoMO is also positively associated with communication overload and OSWB. The overuse aspect associated with TCIU is explained in the strong positive associations between FoMO and compulsive use among both Instagram and Snapchat users. In addition, OSWB, information overload, and compulsive use are positively associated with social media fatigue for users of both platforms. In contrast, communication overload significantly predicts social media fatigue for Snapchat users only.
... PITT has been shown to influence computer self-efficacy as antecedents (Agarwal & Prasad, 1998;Thatcher & Perrewé, 2002), and intention to use technology (Thatcher, Marett, Chudoba, & Carter, 2012). In terms of research, PIIT variables that still have room to be studied in different contexts and settings (Lassar, Manolis, & Lassar, 2005;Nov & Ye, 2008). Therefore, this research also raises the role of PIIT which needs to be considered as one of the factors in the technology acceptance process. ...
The purpose of this study is to investigate PIIT as an appropriate factor in predicting behavioral intention in the information technology acceptance framework. This research is a longitudinal study conducted during one semester in the spring semester of 2017. Data collection using a survey questionnaire in the pilot study, period 1 and period 2. Participants in this study are accounting students who are enrolled in Introductory to Computer Application course at the University of HKBP Nommensen, Medan. Statistics techniques used were Pearson Correlation, means, linear regression and paired sample t-test. The results show that the hypothesis and the research model were supported significant statistically. The finding also suggested that the use of IT overtime increased the innovativeness and intention of the students. This research contributed to conducting training using certain software in practical settings.
... Innovativeness has come up as the greatest forecaster of the intention to adopt electronic banking. This consequence confirms the research results studied by Lassar et al. [80]. Innovativeness has an important impact on attitude and perceived risk. ...
The purpose of this paper was to propose a model that examined a study adopting the technology acceptance model with additional constructs (i.e., innovativeness) and the mediating role of attitude and perceived risk to use the cryptocurrency platform in Thailand. The data were collected through a questionnaire-based survey (456 usable responses) from consumers in Thailand. A two-step SEM approach (i.e., a measurement model and a structural model) was used to analyze the data. The findings showed a significant positive influence of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, innovativeness, attitude, perceived risk, and cryptocurrency platform adoption. Moreover, attitude mediated the relationship between perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, innovativeness, and cryptocurrency platform adoption. Overall, our results showed that the model of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and innovativeness explained 62.9% of the variance in the intention to use the cryptocurrency platform in Thailand. Our study has contributed to the technology acceptance model and highlighted its effectiveness in explaining the adoption of the cryptocurrency platform in Thailand.
... Empirically, there are some studies indicating a significant nexus between openness to innovation and behavioral intention. Lassar et al. (2005) studied the role of innovativeness in predicting people's online banking adoption. Yoon and Steege (2013) discovered that people with higher preference for innovation tend to be more curious and participative to adopt any new technology. ...
In the era of FinTech, many countries are currently exploring the viability of their own digital currencies due to the vast potential in terms of efficiency, security and accessibility. Some digital currencies have been under rapid development and real-world trials have recently been deployed. The purpose of this paper is to understand the main factors that could affect people’s intention to use digital currency via an empirical study. A survey was employed to collect data and the final sample consisted of 408 respondents in China. The responses were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results showed that financial knowledge, perceived value, openness to innovation and perceived convenience positively impact people’s intention to use digital currency. It was also found that perceived value can be significantly anteceded by perceived monetary value, perceived functional value, and perceived emotional value. In addition, the mediating effect of perceived value on the influencing path between financial knowledge and intention to use was also confirmed. The findings can be utilized by governmental related authorities or FinTech companies to enhance the perception of users and develop effective strategies for increasing their intention to use digital currency.
Management is an art of getting things done through and with the people in formally organized groups. It is an art of creating an environment in which people can perform and individuals and can co-operate towards attainment of group goals. Management Study HQ describes Management as a set of principles relating to the functions of planning, directing and controlling, and the application of these principles in harnessing physical, financial, human and informational resources efficiently and effectively to achieve organizational goals. A good management is the backbone of all successful organizations. And to assist business and non-business organizations in their quest for excellence, growth and contribution to the economy and society, Management Book Series covers research knowledge that exists in the world in various management sectors of business through peer review chapters. This book series helps company leaders and key decision-makers to have a clear, impartial, and data-driven perspective of how factors will impact the economy moving forward and to know what they should be doing in response.
Purpose: Banks are adopting digital banking to attract clients by providing more useful services, and creating safe, dependable, and easy-to-use online tools. The purpose of this research is to examine the factors influencing the overall adoption of digital banking by retail banking customers. Methods: An expanded technology acceptance model (TAM) serves as the basis for the theoretical framework of the study. A structured survey of 200 consumers is used to gather primary data, and multiple regression analysis is used to examine the correlations between six independent components. Results: The research indicates that web capabilities, perceived utility, and awareness all have a positive and significant impact on the adoption of digital banking. Implications: This study offers guidelines for creating service models and boosting the use of digital banking. The findings can help policymakers and financial organizations devise strategies for constructing the infrastructure and methods for offering digital banking services. Originality: It is a pioneering effort to explore the combined effects of Perceived usefulness, usability, Privacy, safety, trust Cost of transactions Awareness and Web features on Bangladeshi users’ intention to use digital banking. Limitations: This study is based on quantitative data analysis with limited sample size and period. In future, qualitative research may be conducted for deeper understanding of the issue.
The advent of digital banking has transformed the financial landscape. However, the uptake of complex financial products (CFPs) with digital signatures (DSs) in European banks remains unexplored and warrants in-depth investigation. This study addresses the gap by examining the online acquisition of CFPs, focusing on factors beyond conventional parameters. By integrating the technology acceptance model (TAM), user literacy, and the dimension of human interaction, we analyze client acceptance of DSs in CFP transactions. We present an analysis of qualitative data from 716 clients of a French bank. Our findings reveal that DS adoption for CFPs hinges on TAM variables, combined with perceived risk, trust, and the levels of digital and financial literacy, along with the aspect of human interaction. We propose a novel risk management approach that blends traditional risk management with client–bank co-production, advocating for a collaborative model of risk sharing facilitated by digital signatures. Our paper details the theoretical framework, methodology, findings, and discussions and concludes by offering theoretical insights, managerial recommendations, limitations, and avenues for future research.
Purpose
This study aims to investigate customers' personal innovativeness (PI) as an influencing factor of omni-channel customer experience throughout pre-purchase, purchase and post–purchase stages of the customer journey, and their subsequent influences on customers' reuse intention.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from customers who had experience with omni-channel shopping in South Korea through a questionnaire made with Naver Forms, both online and offline from 15 June to 15 July 2022. Out of the received responses, only valid and consistent questionnaires were considered for statistical analysis. In total, 272 valid samples were utilised for the final analysis. Analyses included reliability, validity, path, structural equation modelling and mediation effects, using SPSS and AMOS software.
Findings
The results revealed a significant influence of personal innovativeness on the omni-channel customer experience across all purchase stages. Personal innovativeness was found to influence the customer experience in the pre- and post–purchase stages, thus affecting reuse intention. However, it did not have the same effect in the purchase stage. The omni-channel experience customer experience also played an indirect mediating role in the relationship between personal innovativeness and reuse intention.
Research limitations/implications
First, personal innovativeness in the IT domain may be very prominent in studies examining innovative behaviours related to computing technology. Second, this study provides further understanding of customers' intentions to reuse omni-channel shopping. Third, the path analysis showed that personal innovativeness significantly affects customer experience at all pre-purchase, purchase and post–purchase stages of the customer journey. However, except for the purchase experience, both pre- and post–purchase experiences significantly impact customers' intention to reuse omni-channels and play a mediating role.
Practical implications
First, omni-channel retailers should launch new products, innovative promotional activities and explore new channels or new service modes to stimulate the need recognition of customers with high personal innovativeness. Second, omni-channel retailers should pay attention to the users' reviews of each channel because they play a key role in potential customers' purchase decisions. Third, offering customers a seamless shopping experience is essential as a marketing strategy for omni-channel retailing.
Originality/value
This study elucidates the causal relationship between personal characteristics and behaviour by dividing the omni-channel customer journey. In particular, personal innovativeness is identified as an important predictor of the intention to reuse omni-channels during the pre- and post–purchase stages. This suggests that omni-channel retailers need to strategically manage these stages to boost customers' reuse intention.
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the determinants that influence acceptance towards e-wallet apps by extending the technology acceptance model (TAM) among (asnaf), a term used for charity or gift receivers from alms tax distribution institutions also known as donee.
Design/methodology/approach
The review of literature and structural equation modelling approach using judgemental sampling on extended TAM and determinants of e-wallet apps ’ acceptance related to asnaf (donee) were conducted in a bid to contribute to the factors that are instrumental in determining acceptance of e-wallet services among asnaf.
Findings
The findings indicate that the e-wallet app ’ s service acceptance is determined not only by perceived usefulness, consumer maqasid index and consumer innovativeness but also by subjective norms. On the contrary, consumer maqasid index and perceived ease of use do not lend themselves to be the factor of asnafs’ e-wallet acceptance. The authors extend the TAM model to determine the factors that may be influential in predicting the e-wallet app acceptance by asnaf.
Research limitations/implications
In assessing future outcomes when different sampling techniques are opted for and geographic coverage is expanded, this study should be considered in terms of the limited scope.
Practical implications
This study is intended to serve as a reference for making a significant contribution related to user acceptance factors related to alms tax-based e-wallet apps in asnafs’ context in Malaysia in terms of both theory and practice.
Originality/value
TAM is extended in the context of e-wallet app acceptance among asnafs’. A variable, namely, consumer innovativeness, is tested using the extended TAM model. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, consumer innovativeness in the context of asnafs’ acceptance of e-wallet apps is yet to be tested. Therefore, this paper will be a useful reference for policymakers, technologists, academicians and future researchers.
Digital banking services have gained increasing acceptance among individuals, but some people still resist using these services. Hence, it is empirical to understand the behaviour of individuals to examine the reasons behind acceptance or rejection of technology. The present study intends to analyse the role of behavioural biases in adopting digital banking services. The study included three behavioural biases: herd behaviour, risk aversion and overconfidence bias. Further, the study examined user type—early and late adopters as a moderating variable for a better understanding of the consumer’s perception. The data for the research has been collected from 411 respondents through a structured questionnaire. The proposed model has been analysed with the help of the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling approach through SmartPLS software. The findings suggest that behavioural biases, namely overconfidence bias, herd behaviour and risk aversion bias, impacted adopting digital banking services. User type—early adopters and late adopters have also proven significant in the study as the moderating variable. The study will benefit the policymakers, bankers and researchers to contemplate behavioural biases and their influence on digital banking services keeping in mind the role of user types.
Electronic commerce (e-Commerce) is fast becoming a way of life in the twenty-first century. As more and more consumers and organizations resort to electronic means for conducting purchases and facilitating business transactions, it has become vital for academic researchers as well as practitioners to understand its workings, and be able to analyze problems and rectify weaknesses. This is complicated by the fact that the e-Commerce market is global and constantly evolving, with new and innovative business models and products being introduced at a rapid pace. We present an overview of the status of e-Commerce, with particular emphasis on academic research. Specifically, we review the historical background of e-Commerce, discuss theoretical frameworks, and examine e-Commerce models. We also discuss emerging trends as well as pressing issues facing the e-Commerce marketplace.KeywordsElectronic commerceOnline shoppingOnline bankingElectronic learningOnline customer auctionElectronic data interchange
Purpose
This paper aims to examine the factors that influence bank customers’ acceptance towards FinTech using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model.
Design/methodology/approach
A survey was carried out, and a judgemental sampling method was used. Moreover, over 200 responses were gathered from individuals that were bank account holders. Besides, the literature on the factors that influence an individual acceptance towards FinTech using the UTAUT model was also reviewed as an effort to contribute towards the factors that are significant in predicting the acceptance of FinTech services.
Findings
The results of the study revealed that performance expectancy and effort expectancy are the main factors in determining the acceptance of FinTech services. Moreover, consumer innovativeness plays an important role in the acceptance of FinTech by bank users. In contrast, social influence and facilitating conditions were not the determinants of FinTech acceptance in Pakistan.
Research limitations/implications
This study not only contributed to the theoretical extensions but also to practical implications, which would benefit the community of FinTech service providers in Pakistan.
Practical implications
The limitations of this study were two but are not limited to, firstly, the respondents which were taken among bank customers in Pakistan, confining its contribution to the narrowed perspective of Pakistan. Besides, this study also considers its contributions towards the use of the UTAUT in which the factors examined were specific, which may elucidate that the generalization of the findings only includes FinTech, where the UTAUT comes into play. This study is an eye-opener for the merging perspective of both the UTAUT and FinTech.
Originality/value
UTAUT is extended in the context of FinTech. Consumer innovativeness is incorporated in the context of the UTAUT model. Consumer innovativeness is yet to be tested and for that this study is a useful reference for academicians, policymakers and future researchers.
Purpose: The theory of diffusion of innovation is the theoretical lens discussed in this research to analyze the diffusion of the deep learning theme in the BRICS and OECD countries. As little has been developed to understand country-level analysis and a theme such as innovation, this research sought to fill this gap. Originality/Value: This research demonstrates how it is possible to use Search Trends to analyze the diffusion of a thematic, enabling the extension of the diffusion of innovation theory beyond the sale of products. Methods: Google Trends was used for data collection and to provide up-to-date information, and two different statistical models were used: clustering to identify patterns in the first analysis, and the Bass diffusion model, aiming at comparing countries considering the curve peak, the innovation coefficient, and the imitation coefficient. Results: The findings of this research identified that China has the highest innovation coefficient among the members of the BRICS and Japan among the members of the OECD. Conclusions: This study brought both a theoretical contribution, allowing the expansion of the diffusion of innovations that use a theme as an object of innovation, as well as a practical implication, enabling research in an accessible and democratic way.
Whether a new technology can spread smoothly in the market heavily depends on the user's acceptance of the technology. A considerable number of studies have sought to predict user acceptance intention through numerous methods. Most rely on the researcher's design and thus cannot present an optimized model that truly meets the research question. This study aims to provide a machine learning approach to predict the user's technology acceptance intention within the framework of robo-advisors. The new approach implements a predictive model from multiple machine learning algorithms such as regression tree, random forest, gradient boosting, and artificial neural network, and then compares the model with the traditional regression analysis methodology. All machine learning algorithms showed superior prediction performance than linear regression. Specifically, gradient boosting showed the best performance and perceived pleasure showed the greatest importance. This research ultimately provides theoretical implication regarding the perspective of acceptance prediction methodology and practical implication about which factors are crucial to acceptance of robo-advisors.
The COVID-19 epidemic has hastened the growth of Virtual Communities and is affecting virtually every part of work in the public and business sectors. Virtual communities, popular forums for communication and entertainment, increasingly affected the users’ decisions. Though many technology adoption models/theories are available, a distinctive model for decision-making in a virtual environment is scarce. This research developed the virtual communities’ decision model and empirically tested its performance. This study examined 16 well-established theories/models of information technology, social science, marketing, and behavioral finance and extracted nine constructs from 58 identified constructs considering theoretical cohesiveness along with the three-stage method proposed by Moore and Benbasat. A unified model for virtual communities’ decisions (VCDM) is developed and validated using the data collected from individual capital market investors in Bangladesh. The structural equation modeling technique is used to analyze the data. The upshot implies that VCDM performs adequately and explains the maximum variances in intention to decision and investment. VCDM also outperforms the majority of the related theoretical models. The acceptance levels of fit indices and all significant relationships among different constructs are also empirically validated. The moderating effect of the virtual group use experience is also confirmed. Future research can use VCDM in marketing, behavioral finance, ecommerce, information systems and social science context. VCDM thus facilitates a beneficial tool for managers, service providers, and other users to assess the likelihood of effectiveness for decisions in a virtual environment.
Using mobile payment technology improves many tasks. Mobile payment technology has a high value due to the perceived benefit of such a technology. Adopting mobile payment technology increases purchasing convenience, improves customer satisfaction, and increases efficiency at checkout. However, the SEM and ANN literature has explored many of the determinants of mobile payment technology adoption such as mobile usefulness, price savings, and referent network size. This chapter contributes to describing the determinants of mobile payment and provides practitioners with insight into how to motivate customers to adopt mobile payment technology.
In the wake of the 2008 global financial crisis, the Fintech industry and Islamic banking were striving to fill the existing void through innovation and different business approaches. Losing trust in conventional banking, advancement of technology and internet globally, and customers craving for trustworthy and reliable financial systems are the main incentives of expansion and growth of Fintech and Islamic Finance. In view of this growth, the current study tests the adoption of the novel mechanism Fintech Value Chain Financing (FVCF) using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model among potential users, Aarti (middlemen) in the agriculture sector. A cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted; 500 questionnaires were distributed following purposive sampling to collect data for analysis. Findings revealed that perceived benefits expectancy, perceived efforts expectancy, perceived credibility, anxiety, and consumer innovativeness are strong predictors of adoption of FVCF. This study is pioneer in its kind. The study’s contribution to the literature is a newly operationalized instrument for the constructs along with other variables that extend the UTAUT model and the findings provide new insights to consider the UTAUT model to segregate organization based variables. This study is beneficial for the practitioners in Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) to update the financial system by using the FVCF.
The research is dedicated to examine factors that affect online shopping behavior of consumers upon buying furniture. These factors might be an important issue regarding e-commerce and marketing in the online furniture retail market. However, knowledge about online consumer behavior is still very limited because it is a fairly complex phenomenon in social life that can involve too many factors, especially in buying furniture online. One of the aims of this research is to uncover factors that have not been studied in previous studies, especially in the furniture industry. To acquire in-depth information, 10 informants were interviewed. Coding method was used to analyze the factors revealed in the transcript. The research identified that attitude (Financial Risk, Product Risk, Convenience Risk, Service and Infrastructure Variation), domain specific innovativeness, subjective norm (Family and Reference Group), and perceived behavior control (Playfulness and Informativeness) affect consumer purchase intention and thus affect their online shopping behavior in buying furniture online. The framework presented in the conclusion section will help further research on which factors influence the most.
Diabetes has been on the rise around the world, especially in Saudi Arabia, where the changing lifestyle is pushing the nation towards being more sedentary without cutting back on calorie consumption. It has become imperative for Saudi Arabia to provide self-empowerment opportunities for its citizens in order to monitor their blood glucose levels. An effective method for monitoring blood glucose levels is using Internet of Things Enabled Continuous Glucose Monitors (IoT-CGM), but there are concerns of adoption as it is heavily reliant on an emerging application of technology. This study proposes an adoption model for IoT-CGMs, which has been named Intention to Adopt IoT-enabled Continuous Glucose Monitors (IAI-CGM). The IAI-CGM is based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and takes three factors into consideration; Practical, Technological, and User Behaviour. The model hypotheses the relationship between the constructs of each of the factors with adoption intention. The model is being developed for the Saudi Arabian population to lay the groundworks for future development. The method by which IAI-CGM framework has been developed is based on identifying the factors of adoption from the literature review. Particularly, TAM, and technology adoption intentions in Saudi Arabia have significant contribution to the development of IAI-CGM. It is expected that using this framework, the readiness for Saudi Arabian T1DM patients to adopt IoT-CGMs can be determined. The study is the first of its kind, and therefore has novel implications for the development of similar frameworks for wearable or attached health monitoring devices for other diseases, and for patients in other regions.KeywordsIAI-CGMT1DMSelf-empowermentAdoption intentionTechnology Acceptance Model
Purpose
Technology has revolutionized banking, and “green banking” has been the most recent phenomenon to have caught the financial world's attention. In this paper, the authors look at how personality traits of individuals influence their adoption and continued use of green banking channels. The authors also propose a comprehensive model integrating the “big five” personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, openness and neuroticism) into the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), along with expectation confirmation theory. The integrated proposed model is used in this longitudinal study to predict the continued use of green banking channels once adopted.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors collected data during two time periods about 24 weeks apart from 826 green banking channel users from different regions in India. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling.
Findings
The authors found that traits of agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion favor an individual adopting green banking channels, while conscientiousness and openness were only associated with its perceived usefulness (PU).
Research limitations/implications
The results offer valuable insights for understanding the adoption and use behavior of people regarding green banking channels. This study would help develop effective segmentation strategies for promoting green banking channels.
Originality/value
By incorporating the big five, along with TAM and Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM), coupled with “trust” as an additional construct, we believe that our study enlarges the boundaries of Information Technology (IT) theories, especially in the context of green banking channels. This study also contributes to advancing the personality theory by exploring how personality traits significantly relate to adopting and using green banking channels.
Businesses after globalization have seen drastic change. A collaborative approach between the businesses has helped to reach business organizations on a global platform. Various business strategies are being used to collaborate with various business organizations. Strategies like merger and acquisition are being used.
Developing countries always have a good scope to introduce new businesses. Hence, various small business organizations get exposure. But after some time, when big players start aggressive strategies, small units get affected, and they are not able to compete with the big player. In that case, small businesses have to make big decisions to survive in the market. At that point in time, mergers and acquisitions are used. In this study, researchers are trying to find out the effects of mergers and acquisitions that have taken place inthe wireless telecommunication industry in India. India’s background of telecommunication, On July 31, 1995, the first mobile phone call was made between Union Telecom Minister Sukh Ram and the then Chief Minister of West Bengal, Jyoti Basu. The service provider was Modi Telstra, a joint venture between India’s BK Modi Group and Australian telecom giant Telstra. The telecommunication industry in India has witnessed the greatest examples of mergers and acquisitions in the world. When there is status of a company changes, its effects are felt on customers and the market as well.
Giyilebilir teknolojik ürünler her geçen gün giderek daha popüler hale gelmektedir. Özellikle yapay zeka teknolojilerinin de gelişimi ile makine öğrenmesinin önemi artmış ve bu süreç için ihtiyaç duyulan büyük verinin temininde giyilebilir teknolojiler kilit bir rol üstlenmektedir. Sürekli artan pazar hacmi göz önüne alındığında giyilebilir teknolojik ürünleri kullanan tüketicilerin davranışlarının incelenmesi teknoloji firmaları ve pazarlama yöneticileri açısından önem arz ettiği gibi genel olarak pazarlama faaliyetleri açısından da bu ürünleri kullanan tüketicilerin davranışlarının anlaşılması önem taşımaktadır. Diğer taraftan giyilebilir teknolojik ürünleri kullanan tüketicilerin bu ürünleri kullanmaya devam etme veya satın alma niyetlerini etkileyen unsurlar üzerinde yenilikçiliğin etkin rolünün de incelenmesi gereken konulardan biri olduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Bu kapsamda ele alınan bu çalışmada tüketicilerin giyilebilir teknolojik ürün satın alma niyetleri üzerinde etkisi olduğu düşünülen hedonik, faydacı ve algılanan ürün değerinin doğrudan satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi ile tüketici yenilikçiliğinin bu etkileşimdeki düzenleyici rolü araştırılmıştır. 314 örneklemden elde edilen veri kullanılarak araştırmanın varsayımları doğrulayıcı faktör analizine tabi tutularak yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca tüketici yenilikçinin düzenleyici rolü ise SPSS Process Macro programı ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular tüketicilerin giyilebilir teknolojik ürün satın alma niyetleri üzerinde hedonik, faydacı ve algılanan ürün değerinin doğrudan etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Diğer taraftan bu etki üzerinde tüketici yenilikçiliğinin düzenleyici rolüne bakıldığında ise hedonik ve faydacı değer ile satın alma niyeti arasındaki ilişkinin tüketici yenilikçiliği tarafından düzenlendiği değerlendirilebilir. Elde edilen bu sonuç tüketici yenilikçiliğinin yüksek olması durumunda hedonik ve faydacı değerin satın alma niyetine etkisinin daha fazla olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Developments in technology made the observation of technologic changes and running of the process suitable to the technological course necessary in businesses. For this reason, businesses made some necessary changes in management strategies. They lead the course of directing the process for the businesses, making the necessary changes, providing the coordination between the employers and the employees, forming innovation representatives in order to establish a good vision for the future. Applications which were done in businesses in the frame of strategical changes supported the adoption of innovations in the community directly or indirectly. Thiswork established an infrastructure for technological transformation in the society. Creating the technological awareness in all segments of society to realize technological transformation is very important to provide the opportunity equality. In this study, resources related with the subject were scanned in the literature, different acceptance models intended for the adoption and perception of technological products by the consumers are investigated, the data obtained were synthesized and the duties and responsibilities of technology representatives and legations were described. Handling the functions and roles of leaders of technological innovation according to the contribution to the spreading of technological products in the country the contributions to the process of consumers’ adoption of digital technologies are argued.
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Big Data Analytics for Large Scale Wireless
Body Area Networks; Challenges,
and Applications
Presents an integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment. This theory states that psychological procedures, whatever their form, alter the level and strength of self-efficacy. It is hypothesized that expectations of personal efficacy determine whether coping behavior will be initiated, how much effort will be expended, and how long it will be sustained in the face of obstacles and aversive experiences. Persistence in activities that are subjectively threatening but in fact relatively safe produces, through experiences of mastery, further enhancement of self-efficacy and corresponding reductions in defensive behavior. In the proposed model, expectations of personal efficacy are derived from 4 principal sources of information: performance accomplishments, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological states. Factors influencing the cognitive processing of efficacy information arise from enactive, vicarious, exhortative, and emotive sources. The differential power of diverse therapeutic procedures is analyzed in terms of the postulated cognitive mechanism of operation. Findings are reported from microanalyses of enactive, vicarious, and emotive modes of treatment that support the hypothesized relationship between perceived self-efficacy and behavioral changes. (21/2 p ref)
In an attempt to create a behavioral profile of pleasure travelers segmented based on Internet use, 5,319 pleasure travelers were interviewed. Initially, the respondents were classified as an Internet user or Internet nonuser based on whether or not they would use the Internet to seek travel-related information. Using discriminant analysis, chi square, and analysis of variance statistical techniques, a profile of demographic and behavioral characteristics was created. The results of this study suggest that people who use the Internet to search for travel-related information are likely to be people who are (a) college-educated owners of computers, (b) less than 45 years of age, (c) stay more often in commercial lodging establishments, and (d) spend more money each day while traveling. Implications for marketing managers and future research are discussed.
Deregulation and the emergence of new forms of technology have created highly competitive market conditions which have had a critical impact upon consumer behaviour. Bank providers must, therefore, attempt to better understand their customers in an attempt not only to anticipate but also to influence and determine consumer buying behaviour. The paper accordingly presents and develops a model which attempts to articulate and classify consumer behaviour in the purchasing of financial products and services. The theoretical insights generated by this model are then used to examine qualitative research data gained from focus group discussions on consumers’ attitudes to their financial providers and their financial products. Finally, these findings are examined for the potential insights they provide to bank providers attempting to identify appropriate strategies which are conducive to increased customer retention and profitability.
A review and meta-analysis was performed of seventy-five articles concerned with innovation characteristics and their relationship to innovation adoption and implementation. One part of the analysis consisted of constructing a methodological profile of the existing studies, and contrasting this with a hypothetical optimal approach. A second part of the study employed meta-analytic statistical techniques to assess the generality and consistency of existing empirical findings. Three innovation characteristics (compatibility, relative advantage, and complexity) had the most consistent significant relationship to innovation adoption. Suggestions for future research in the area were made.
This article builds on job characteristics and optimal flow theory to describe the experience of individuals using computers in the workplace. A model was developed and tested with linear structural relationship modeling (LISREL) with data from 149 professionals employed in a variety of organizations. Flow, which is characterized by intense concentration and enjoyment, was found to be significantly linked with exploratory use behavior, which in turn was linked to extent of computer use. Flow was itself determined by the individual's sense of being in control and the level of challenge perceived in using computers. Perceived control was more important for individuals with high task-scope jobs, that is, jobs with high variety, identity, autonomy, and feedback. Challenge played a greater role for low task-scope individuals. Practical and theoretical implications of the model are discussed, and suggestions for further research are offered.
The research focus is individuals who have information about many kinds of products, places to shop, and other facets of the market, and initiate discussions with and respond to information requests from other consumers. Specifically, the authors develop a Likert-type scale to measure consumers' propensity to provide general shopping and marketplace information. Consumers scoring high on this scale are referred to as "market mavens." Based on a national sample of 1531 households, the findings indicate that market mavens exist and that other consumers recognize them. Consumers believe market mavens are influential in their purchasing decisions. The authors document the distinctness of market mavens from other influencers. They test several propositions about the market attitudes and behaviors of market mavens, but find no clear socioeconomic and demographic profile of these influencers. The results have implications for marketing managers and suggest a reexamination of the approach to information diffusion.
Is there an electronic banking (e-banking) revolution in the USA? Millions of Americans are currently using a variety of e-banking technologies and millions more are expected to come “online.” However, millions of others have not or will not. This paper explores factors that affect the of adoption or intention to adopt three e-banking technologies and changes in these factors over time. Using a Federal Reserve Board commissioned data set, the paper finds that relative advantage, complexity/simplicity, compatibility, observability, risk tolerance, and product involvement are associated with adoption. Income, assets, education, gender and marital status, and age also affect adoption. Adoption changed over time, but the impacts of other factors on adoption have not changed. Implications for both the banking industry and public policy are discussed.
Internet banking is a form of self-service technology, costing millions of dollars, which leading retail banks have made available in the recent past. An understanding of why users are more accepting of Internet banking services should help bank managers implement this self-service technology. This study identifies eight characteristics which influenced the rate of adoption. Two of these characteristics, namely accessibility and confidentiality, are new to the literature. The results show that adopters of Internet banking perceive the service to be more convenient, less complex, more compatible to them and more suited to those who are PC proficient. Adopters were also found to be more financially innovative. The perceptions that adopters had about social desirability, confidentiality, accessibility and economic benefits were viewed no differently when adopters were compared with non-adopters.
Finland is a world leader in electronic banking, and over 39.8 percent of all retail banking transactions were made over the Internet in August 2000. Using the data of a large survey, we analyzed mature customers’ Internet banking behavior. Internet banking was the third popular mode of payment among mature customers. Household income and education were found to have a significant effect on the adoption of the Internet as a banking channel, so that over 30 percent of wealthy and well-educated mature males make e-banking their primary mode of making payments. Perceived difficulty in using computers combined with the lack of personal service in e-banking were found to be the main barriers of Internet banking adoption among mature customers. Internet banking was also found to be more unsecured among mature customers than bank customers in general.
Tested the proposition that for adults, altruism and self-gratification are functional equivalents. It was predicted on the basis of this proposition that the effects of mood state on altruism would be parallel to the effects of mood on self-gratification. In support of this prediction, 3 separate findings from the mood/altruism literature were paralleled in the present study's investigation of the effects of mood on self-gratification. 79 undergraduates served as Ss. Specifically, it was found that (a) self-gratification increased under conditions of happy or sad mood; (b) for Ss in a sad mood, altruistic activity canceled the enhanced tendency for self-gratification; and (c) for Ss in a happy mood, altruistic activity did not cancel the enhanced tendency for self-gratification. Discussion focuses on the convergent evidence from the altruism literature and self-gratification literature that adult altruism functions as self-reward. (19 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Following the observation that people characteristically produce qualitatively different solutions to seemingly similar problems, an inventory distinguishing adaptors from innovators was constructed. Items to distinguish the proposed types were derived from observation, intensive interviews, and relevant literature. The construct and internal validity and the reliability of the inventory were estalished, using a heterogeneous sample of 532 Ss collected from London, England, and surrounding countries and a replication sample of 276 Ss. Additional descriptions of innovators (made by adaptors) and of adaptors (made by innovators) were obtained. The descriptions that met with objections from those so described were explored and, for the most part, found invalid. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been widely used to predict user acceptance and use based on perceived ease of use and usefulness. However, in order to design effective training interventions to improve user acceptance, it is necessary to better understand the antecedents and determinants of key acceptance constructs. In this research, we focus on understanding the determinants of perceived ease of use. Data from three experiments spanning 108 subjects and six different systems supported our hypothesis that an individual's perception of a particular system's ease of use is anchored to her or his general computer self-efficacy at all times, and objective usability has an impact on ease of use perceptions about a specific system only after direct experience with the system. In addition to being an important research issue in user acceptance research, understanding antecedents of perceived ease of use is also important from a practical standpoint since several systems in which millions of dollars are invested are rejected because of poor user interfaces. Moreover, the actual underlying problem might be low computer self-efficacy of the target user group. In such cases, training interventions aimed at improving computer self-efficacy of users may be more effective than improved interface design for increasing user acceptance.
The present research develops and tests a theoretical extension of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that explains perceived usefulness and usage intentions in terms of social influence and cognitive instrumental processes. The extended model, referred to as TAM2, was tested using longitudinal data collected regarding four different systems at four organizations (N = 156), two involving voluntary usage and two involving mandatory usage. Model constructs were measured at three points in time at each organization: preimplementation, one month postimplementation, and three months postimplementation. The extended model was strongly supported for all four organizations at all three points of measurement, accounting for 40%--60% of the variance in usefulness perceptions and 34%--52% of the variance in usage intentions. Both social influence processes (subjective norm, voluntariness, and image) and cognitive instrumental processes (job relevance, output quality, result demonstrability, and perceived ease of use) significantly influenced user acceptance. These findings advance theory and contribute to the foundation for future research aimed at improving our understanding of user adoption behavior.
Computer systems cannot improve organizational performance if they aren't used. Unfortunately, resistance to end-user systems by managers and professionals is a widespread problem. To better predict, explain, and increase user acceptance, we need to better understand why people accept or reject computers. This research addresses the ability to predict peoples' computer acceptance from a measure of their intentions, and the ability to explain their intentions in terms of their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and related variables. In a longitudinal study of 107 users, intentions to use a specific system, measured after a one-hour introduction to the system, were correlated 0.35 with system use 14 weeks later. The intention-usage correlation was 0.63 at the end of this time period. Perceived usefulness strongly influenced peoples' intentions, explaining more than half of the variance in intentions at the end of 14 weeks. Perceived ease of use had a small but significant effect on intentions as well, although this effect subsided over time. Attitudes only partially mediated the effects of these beliefs on intentions. Subjective norms had no effect on intentions. These results suggest the possibility of simple but powerful models of the determinants of user acceptance, with practical value for evaluating systems and guiding managerial interventions aimed at reducing the problem of underutilized computer technology.
Intuition and previous research suggest that creating a compelling online environment for Web consumers will have numerous positive consequences for commercial Web providers. Online executives note that creating a compelling online experience for cyber customers is critical to creating competitive advantage on the Internet. Yet, very little is known about the factors that make using the Web a compelling experience for its users, and of the key consumer behavior outcomes of this compelling experience.
Recently, the flow construct has been proposed as important for understanding consumer behavior on the World Wide Web, and as a way of defining the nature of compelling online experience. Although widely studied over the past 20 years, quantitative modeling efforts of the flow construct have been neither systematic nor comprehensive. In large parts, these efforts have been hampered by considerable confusion regarding the exact conceptual definition of flow. Lacking precise definition, it has been difficult to measure flow empirically, let alone apply the concept in practice.
Following the conceptual model of flow proposed by Hoffman and Novak (1996), we conceptualize flow on the Web as a cognitive state experienced during navigation that is determined by (1) high levels of skill and control; (2) high levels of challenge and arousal; and (3) focused attention; and (4) is enhanced by interactivity and telepresence. Consumers who achieve flow on the Web are so acutely involved in the act of online navigation that thoughts and perceptions not relevant to navigation are screened out, and the consumer focuses entirely on the interaction. Concentration on the navigation experience is so intense that there is little attention left to consider anything else, and consequently, other events occurring in the consumer's surrounding physical environment lose significance. Self-consciousness disappears, the consumer's sense of time becomes distorted, and the state of mind arising as a result of achieving flow on the Web is extremely gratifying.
In a quantitative modeling framework, we develop a structural model based on our previous conceptual model of flow that embodies the components of what makes for a compelling online experience. We use data collected from a largesample, Web-based consumer survey to measure these constructs, and we fit a series of structural equation models that test related prior theory. The conceptual model is largely supported, and the improved fit offered by the revised model provides additional insights into the direct and indirect influences of flow, as well as into the relationship of flow to key consumer behavior and Web usage variables.
Our formulation provides marketing scientists with operational definitions of key model constructs and establishes reliability and validity in a comprehensive measurement framework. A key insight from the paper is that the degree to which the online experience is compelling can be defined, measured, and related well to important marketing variables. Our model constructs relate in significant ways to key consumer behavior variables, including online shopping and Web use applications such as the extent to which consumers search for product information and participate in chat rooms. As such, our model may be useful both theoretically and in practice as marketers strive to decipher the secrets of commercial success in interactive online environments.
By adding a new dimension, information seeking, to the traditional way of measuring opinion leadership, this article suggests an additional conceptualization of interpersonal communication and influence.
The research focus is individuals who have information about many kinds of products, places to shop, and other facets of the market, and initiate discussions with and respond to information requests from other consumers. Specifically, the authors develop a Likert-type scale to measure consumers’ propensity to provide general shopping and marketplace information. Consumers scoring high on this scale are referred to as “market mavens.” Based on a national sample of 1531 households, the findings indicate that market mavens exist and that other consumers recognize them. Consumers believe market mavens are influential in their purchasing decisions. The authors document the distinctness of market mavens from other influencers. They test several propositions about the market attitudes and behaviors of market mavens, but find no clear socioeconomic and demographic profile of these influencers. The results have implications for marketing managers and suggest a reexamination of the approach to information diffusion.
The ultimate success of new product R&D depends as much on customer acceptance as on technological breakthroughs. In this article, Susan Holak and Donald Lehmann focus on customer acceptance by exploring the manner in which the general attributes of Rogers (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, divisibility and communicability) plus perceived risk combine to form the intention to buy an innovation. Results demonstrate a causal structure among these attributes and lead to various implications for R&D guidelines and product design.
Do people shop simply to make purchases? Are some shopping trips motivated by considerations that are unrelated to an actual purchase? The results of an exploratory study of shopper motivation suggest that a person may shop for many reasons other than his or her need for products or services.
By adding a new dimension, information seeking, to the traditional way of measuring opinion leadership, this article suggests an additional conceptualization of interpersonal communication and influence.
Studied were hypothesized relationships between the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory and scales measuring dogmatism, sensation seeking, risk taking, and innovation. Ss were 106 (54 male and 52 female) undergraduates who described themselves by using five sociopsychological scales. Overall, the hypothesized relationships were confirmed: KAI scores were negatively correlated with dogmatism and positively correlated with sensation seeking, risk taking, and innovation. The results provided additional insight into cognitive styles as well as positive evidence for the nomological and convergent validity of the Kirton theory and scale.
This paper reports a study validating a new self-report scale used to measure innovativeness or the tendency to adopt an innovation soon after it appears in a specific domain. Data obtained from 247 undergraduate business students showed that the 6-item scale was unidimensional and free from acquiescent responding. Rock music innovativeness was positively associated with opinion leadership for, involvement with, and both perceived and real knowledge of rock music. Innovativeness was also positively associated with the following: rock music magazine readership, time spent shopping for rock records, money spent for rock records, and time spent listening to rock music. These findings demonstrate both nomo-logical and criterion-related validity of the new scale.
The ultimate success of new product R&D depends as much on customer acceptance as on technological breakthroughs. In this article, Susan Holak and Donald Lehmann focus on customer acceptance by exploring the manner in which the general attributes of Rogers (relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, divisibility and communicability) plus perceived risk combine to form the intention to buy an innovation. Results demonstrate a causal structure among these attributes and lead to various implications for R&D guidelines and product design.
A mail survey was conducted to identify personal characteristics, shopping patterns, and attitudes of potential innovators and non-adopters of an interactive electronic shopping innovation. Differences among all potential adopter groups were also examined. A national sample of 2,500 US cable television subscribers were surveyed. Results suggested that strongest predictors of potential innovator and non-adopter group memberships were perceived characteristics of the interactive shopping innovation including relative advantage over other shopping formats and compatibility with lifestyles. Also important were consumers’ prior shopping experiences with other nonstore retailers. Among potential adopters (i.e., innovators, early adopters, and followers), similar characteristics were exhibited, differing only by intensity. Managerial implications are discussed.
This paper reports the results of the development of a self-report measure of innovative-ness. The utility of such an instrument in human communication research is discussed, together with issues relating to its reliability, validity, and association with social desirability.
The use of increasingly complex statistical models has led to heavy reliance on maximum likelihood methods for both estimation and testing. In such a setting, only asymptotic properties can be expected for estimators or tests. Often there are asymptotically equivalent procedures that differ substantially in computational difficulty and finite sample performance. In a maximum likelihood framework, the Wald, Likelihood Ratio, and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) tests are a natural trio. They all share the property of being asymptotically locally the most powerful invariant tests, and in fact all are asymptotically equivalent. However, in practice, there are substantial differences in the way the tests look at particular models. Frequently when one is very complex, another will be much simpler. Furthermore, this formulation guides the intuition as to what is testable and how best to formulate a model to test it. In terms of forming diagnostic tests, the LM test is frequently computationally convenient as many of the test statistics are already available from the estimation of the null. The application of these tests principles and particularly the LM principle to a wide range of econometric problems is a natural development of the field, and it is a development that is proceeding at a very rapid pace.
This article explores the relationships between innate consumer innovativeness, personal characteristics, and new-product
adoption behavior. To do this, the authors analyze cross-sectional data from a household panel using a structural equation
modeling approach. They also test for potential moderating effects using a two-stage least square estimation procedure. They
find that the personal characteristics of age and income are stronger predictors of new-product ownership in the consumer
electronics category than innate consumer innovativeness as a generalized personality trait. The authors also find that personal
characteristics neither influence innate consumer innovativeness nor moderate the relationship between innate consumer innovativeness
and new-product adoption behavior.
This study investigated both personal characteristics and attitudes toward properties of a videotex shopping system for use as predictors of its adoption among catalog shoppers. The hypotheses tested were developed from diffusion of innovations theory and previous research on adoption of videotex. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from approximately 600 catalog shoppers who resided in cities in which a videotex shopping system had been recently introduced. Results indicated that attitudes toward the characteristics of videotex, particularly its relative advantage and compatibility with needs and experiences, were better predictors of intent to adopt than were the personal characteristics of consumers.
Classifying an observation into one of several populations is discriminant analysis, or classification. Relating qualitative variables to other variables through a logistic cdf functional form is logistic regression. Estimators generated for one of these problems are often used in the other. If the populations are normal with identical covariance matrices, discriminant analysis estimators are preferred to logistic regression estimators for the discriminant analysis problem. In most discriminant analysis applications, however, at least one variable is qualitative (ruling out multivariate normality). Under nonnormality, we prefer the logistic regression model with maximum likelihood estimators for solving both problems. In this article we summarize the related arguments, and report on our own supportive empirical studies.
The controversy over using college students as subjects in applied research has been a topic of philosophical discourse and empirical investigation. Thirty-two studies are reviewed in which students and nonstudents participated as subjects under identical conditions. In studies reporting statistical tests of between-group differences, the preponderance of findings indicated that the experimental results differed in the two samples. By contrast, no major differences associated with the type of subject were reported in the majority of studies which did not employ statistical procedures to compare the findings in the two samples. Explanations for differences in the sample are offered, and serve as a basis for recommendations for future research.
Quantifies the factors affecting the adoption of Internet banking by Australian consumers. The sample for this survey was drawn from individual residents and business firms in Australia. Shows that security concerns and lack of awareness about Internet banking and its benefits stand out as being the obstacles to the adoption of Internet banking in Australia. Suggests some of the ways to address these impediments. Further suggests that delivery of financial services over the Internet should be a part of overall customer service and distribution strategy. These measures could help in rapid migration of customers to Internet banking, resulting in considerable savings in operating costs for banks.
Getting an innovation adopted is difficult; a common problem is increasing the rate of its diffusion. Diffusion is the communication of an innovation through certain channels over time among members of a social system. It is a communication whose messages are concerned with new ideas; it is a process where participants create and share information to achieve a mutual understanding. Initial chapters of the book discuss the history of diffusion research, some major criticisms of diffusion research, and the meta-research procedures used in the book. This text is the third edition of this well-respected work. The first edition was published in 1962, and the fifth edition in 2003. The book's theoretical framework relies on the concepts of information and uncertainty. Uncertainty is the degree to which alternatives are perceived with respect to an event and the relative probabilities of these alternatives; uncertainty implies a lack of predictability and motivates an individual to seek information. A technological innovation embodies information, thus reducing uncertainty. Information affects uncertainty in a situation where a choice exists among alternatives; information about a technological innovation can be software information or innovation-evaluation information. An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived as new by an individual or an other unit of adoption; innovation presents an individual or organization with a new alternative(s) or new means of solving problems. Whether new alternatives are superior is not precisely known by problem solvers. Thus people seek new information. Information about new ideas is exchanged through a process of convergence involving interpersonal networks. Thus, diffusion of innovations is a social process that communicates perceived information about a new idea; it produces an alteration in the structure and function of a social system, producing social consequences. Diffusion has four elements: (1) an innovation that is perceived as new, (2) communication channels, (3) time, and (4) a social system (members jointly solving to accomplish a common goal). Diffusion systems can be centralized or decentralized. The innovation-development process has five steps passing from recognition of a need, through R&D, commercialization, diffusions and adoption, to consequences. Time enters the diffusion process in three ways: (1) innovation-decision process, (2) innovativeness, and (3) rate of the innovation's adoption. The innovation-decision process is an information-seeking and information-processing activity that motivates an individual to reduce uncertainty about the (dis)advantages of the innovation. There are five steps in the process: (1) knowledge for an adoption/rejection/implementation decision; (2) persuasion to form an attitude, (3) decision, (4) implementation, and (5) confirmation (reinforcement or rejection). Innovations can also be re-invented (changed or modified) by the user. The innovation-decision period is the time required to pass through the innovation-decision process. Rates of adoption of an innovation depend on (and can be predicted by) how its characteristics are perceived in terms of relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, and observability. The diffusion effect is the increasing, cumulative pressure from interpersonal networks to adopt (or reject) an innovation. Overadoption is an innovation's adoption when experts suggest its rejection. Diffusion networks convey innovation-evaluation information to decrease uncertainty about an idea's use. The heart of the diffusion process is the modeling and imitation by potential adopters of their network partners who have adopted already. Change agents influence innovation decisions in a direction deemed desirable. Opinion leadership is the degree individuals influence others' attitudes
An exploratory study of consumer acceptance of Internet banking (IB) services is conducted in a Turkish bank. Examines both consumer-related factors that may affect the adoption of an innovation or a product (such as complexity, perceived risk, and relative advantage) as well as organizational factors such as marketing effort. The results suggest that IB not only reduces operational cost to the bank, but also leads to higher levels of customer satisfaction and retention. Accordingly, it is argued that IB is strategically important to the banking sector in an emerging economy, such as in Turkey.
The explosion of Internet usage and the huge funding initiatives in electronic banking have drawn the attention of researchers towards Internet banking. In the past, the conventional focus of Internet banking research has been on technological development, but this is now shifting to user-focused research. Although millions of dollars have been spent on building Internet banking systems, reports have shown that potential users may not use the systems in spite of their availability. This points out the need for research to identify the factors that determine acceptance of Internet banking by the users. According to the technology acceptance model (TAM), perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness constructs are believed to be fundamental in determining the acceptance and use of various IT. These beliefs may however not fully explain the user's behavior toward newly emerging IT, such as Internet banking. Using the technology acceptance model (TAM) as a theoretical framework, this study introduces “perceived credibility” as a new factor that reflects the user's security and privacy concerns in the acceptance of Internet banking. It also examines the effect of computer self-efficacy on the intention to use Internet banking. Based on a sample of 123 users from a telephone interview, the results strongly support the extended TAM in predicting the intention of users to adopt Internet banking. It also demonstrates the significant effect of computer self-efficacy on behavioral intention through perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived credibility.
The projected sales potential for Internet commerce indicates that businesses must understand those consumer characteristics that will influence consumer adoption of this medium for shopping. An empirical study conducted here (n = 403) investigates the extent to which open-processing (more general innovativeness) and domain-specific innovativeness explain the conditions under which consumers move from general Internet usage to a product purchase via the Internet. The results of our study find that generally higher amounts of Internet use (for non-shopping activities) are associated with an increased amount of Internet product purchases. Importantly, however, this relationship is moderated by domain-specific but not general innovativeness. Implications for business practice and academic research are provided.
On-line shopping is expected to experience exponential growth in the coming decades, but few researchers have examined consumers' motivations for using on-line channels. The current study investigates the determinants of consumer use of on-line channels to purchase financial products. There are three key findings. First, consumers who experience conflict with their financial agents are more likely to use the on-line channel. This suggests that conflicting relationships can make the two channels competitive rather than complementary. Second, consumer willingness is an important predictor of on-line information search. Third, consumers who use the on-line channel for information search are more likely to use it for transactions. The last two findings indicate that consumer adoption of the on-line channel is a stagewise process.
This paper combines existing and novel approaches to the development of financial products (here specifically insurance). Conjoint measurement identifies the key features of new insurance offerings through a procedure that does not require the customer to articulate needs, but rather simply respond to stimuli. Beyond conjoint measurement, however, lies segmentation, which when applied to the data set reveals the existence of new, and perhaps hitherto unexpected segments in the population. Conjoint measurement therefore further identifies the specific messages appealing to each segment. A `self-authoring' (do-it-yourself) approach developed by the authors enables the developer to run several iterations of conjoint measurement rapidly, cost-effectively and with low risk. Rapid, safe, easy iterations increase the power of the approach because it is through these rapid iterations that additional learning and fine-tuning occur, and by means of which a better product emerges.Journal of Financial Services Marketing (2001) 5, 343-355; doi:10.1057/palgrave.fsm.4770034
State-of-the-art market segmentation is becoming an important strategic tool in the continuing evolution of the financial services industry. This article, focusing on a life cycle segmentation approach, indicates that the importance attributed to financial choice criteria and financial services varies as consumers pass through an orderly progression of life cycle stages. Thus, the results suggest that marketers in the financial services industry should adopt a life cycle marketing based system to more fully satisfy the needdwants of their customers.
Isolates segments of consumers who differ in their cognitive and sensory innovative tendencies; examines the effect on adoption decisions of the characteristics of the 2 types of innovations; and reports consistencies within and differences between segments. 245 households responded to a mail questionnaire. Three new products were considered that differ on the functional–hedonic dimension (personal computer [PC]), food processor [FP], and videocassette recorder [VCR]). Results show that cognitive and sensory innovations had positive relationships with PC and VCR adoption, but innovations had negative relationships with FP adoption. The FP was not perceived to be new. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Virtual banking is broadly defined in this paper as the provision of banking services via means other than traditional physical branches. Currently, virtual banking exists in the forms of ATM, phone banking, home banking and Internet banking. Understanding people's adoption intention of virtual banking can help financial institutions to formulate appropriate marketing strategies for new forms of banking. Theory of planned behavior (TPB) and innovation diffusion were used to study the adoption intention of virtual banking in a well-developed international financial city. The study finds that the relationships were found only partially explained by the TPB. Other results are interesting and useful for the strategic planning of IT in banking.
A web-based survey was completed by 130 faculty and staff from a university located in the south-eastern United States. The purposes of this study were to investigate: (a) consumer characteristics related to online shopping; (b) benefits of online shopping as perceived by online shoppers; and (c) concerns about online shopping as perceived by non-online shoppers. Responses were analysed using SPSS for tests of chi-square. Findings suggest that the differences between online shoppers and non-online shoppers correspond with Rogers’1 categories of adopters, and that the educational needs of consumers also differ based on their previous experience with online shopping.