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Folksonomies: Tidying up Tags?
... Since 2005, there have been works describing why people tag and what the tags mean. We briefly summarize such works [1,34,16,61,7,21,48,35,27,17] below. We provide a detailed classification of user tagging motivations and also list different kinds of tags in this section. ...
... Guy and Tonkin [17] point out the existence of useless tags due to misspellings, bad encoding like an unlikely compound word grouping (e.g., TimBernersLee); tags that do not follow convention in issues such as case and number; personal tags that are without meaning to the wider community (e.g., mydog); single use tags that appear only once in the database (e.g., billybobsdog), symbols used in tags. Conventions have become popular, such as dates represented according to the ISO standard (e.g., 20051201 for "1st December, 2005") and the use of the year as a tag. ...
... Quintarelli [41] mentions that the system can have a correlation feature that, given a tag, shows related tags, i.e., tags that people have used in conjunction with the given tag to describe the same item. Guy and Tonkin [17] suggest educating the users, simple errorchecking in systems when tags are entered by users, making tag suggestions (synonyms, expansion of acronyms etc.) when users submit resources (e.g., using Scrumptious, a recent Firefox extension, offers popular tags from Delicious for every URL). They also suggest creation of discussion tools through which users can share reasons for tagging things in a certain way. ...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the level of awareness, use and attitudes of students regarding e-books.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative research design based on the survey method. A structured questionnaire was designed and used for data collection from four different universities of Pakistan. A total of 305 responses were collected from a sample of 400, and 303 of those responses were used for data analysis.
Findings
The results of this study indicated that students were aware of e-books and used them in their daily lives. Most of the respondents had a positive attitude towards e-books and indicated that they considered e-books are easy to find and support them in their assignments. Online features of e-books were important to them. There was a significant difference of opinion found among students of different disciplines regarding the use of e-books.
Research limitations/implications
This study was limited to four disciplines in four universities, one discipline per university. Therefore, its findings may not be applied to other universities or other disciplines.
Practical implications
This paper offers a new idea to academic libraries related to purchasing e-books. This study will provide guidelines to information professionals for development of their e-book collection and implementation of innovative approaches in library services or e-books services to facilitate their users according to their need.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study on the level of awareness, use and attitudes of university students towards e-books in Pakistan.
... In the education sector, promoting and supporting ICTs or Web 2.0 technologies (Grosseck 2009) can facilitate cooperation between students, enhance absorptive capacity and learning, and improve their ability to access newly created knowledge. These abilities can lead to action, but the field lacks empirical research into how this process occurs (Guy and Tonkin 2006;Hartshorne and Ajjan 2009). Web 2.0 technologies are increasingly integrated into the learning process for the active creation and exchange of knowledge (Alexander 2006;Mason and Rennie 2007;Englund et al. 2017;Daniela et al. 2018). ...
... In this sense, many higher education institutions now focus on the need to provide strategic support for Web 2.0 technologies (European Union 2013), so as to implement more effective information systems and to foster student knowledge acquisition (Lin and Jou 2012;Alemu 2016). Such support can also overcome the limitations of Web 2.0 technologies (Guy and Tonkin 2006) and resolve questions, enhancing both the knowledge that is absorbed, and also collaborative and direct learning. Both professors and suppliers of Web 2.0 technologies or IT experts must be involved in this support, as they control the content and can monitor what students must learn and how they absorb knowledge. ...
There is an increasing demand for ethical and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices by companies. This competence has to be introduced in students’ training in business degree programs, and a check must then be done to determine if the students have come to appreciate the importance of CSR commitments. Using the framework of Stakeholders Theory, this work aims to examine students’ perceptions of ethical and CSR practices and commitment to different stakeholders, as well as the factors that lead students to act in a socially responsible way. Furthermore, we hope to identify how the perception of CSR can be improved when Web 2.0 and social media tools that have proven effective in transmitting emotions and values are used in classrooms to teach these ideas. To this end, a survey was carried out in the year 2019 with 1,030 first-year students; it was administered at the beginning of the semester and also at the end of the semester after the training activities had been carried out. The main finding of the research is that students start with the belief that ethics and CSR are developed for reasons of image and legitimacy; however, after receiving training on these topics through tools that take into account emotions and values, they start to value the importance of the company as an agent of social change. The main practical and managerial implication is that methods based on Web 2.0 and social media tools are useful to teach ethics and CSR; the theoretical contribution is that students take into account the welfare of others. This finding contributes to Stakeholder Theory in a higher education context.
... In the education sector, promoting and supporting ICTs or Web 2.0 technologies (Grosseck 2009) can facilitate cooperation between students, enhance absorptive capacity and learning, and improve their ability to access newly created knowledge. These abilities can lead to action, but the field lacks empirical research into how this process occurs (Guy and Tonkin 2006;Hartshorne and Ajjan 2009). Web 2.0 technologies are increasingly integrated into the learning process for the active creation and exchange of knowledge (Alexander 2006;Mason and Rennie 2007;Englund et al. 2017;Daniela et al. 2018). ...
... In this sense, many higher education institutions now focus on the need to provide strategic support for Web 2.0 technologies (European Union 2013), so as to implement more effective information systems and to foster student knowledge acquisition (Lin and Jou 2012;Alemu 2016). Such support can also overcome the limitations of Web 2.0 technologies (Guy and Tonkin 2006) and resolve questions, enhancing both the knowledge that is absorbed, and also collaborative and direct learning. Both professors and suppliers of Web 2.0 technologies or IT experts must be involved in this support, as they control the content and can monitor what students must learn and how they absorb knowledge. ...
University students will be our future business leaders, and will have to address social problems caused by business by implementing solutions such as social entrepreneurship ventures. In order to facilitate the learning process that will foster social entrepreneurship, however, a more holistic pedagogy is needed. Based on learning theory, we propose that students’ social entrepreneurship actions will depend on their learning about CSR and their absorptive capacity. We propose that instructors and higher education institutions can enhance this absorptive capacity by exploiting Web 2.0 technologies. We tested our proposition with a sample of 425 university students using structural equation modeling and found support for the proposed relationships.
... A folksonomy is a decentralized classification system that is primarily shaped by a community of users who assign descriptive tags to online content (Guy and Tonkin, 2006). It represents a valuable addition to conventional knowledge organization methods, fostering active user engagement, encouraging the use of informal language and ensuring up-to-date relevance (Weller et al., 2010). ...
This paper proposes an ontology to structure data on female leadership in computer science in Brazil, with the goal of building an open and collaborative platform where data can be collected, organized, and classified to construct a folksonomy of the domain. The ontology aims to address competency questions in the domain, such as the contextual factors that motivate Brazilian women to pursue leadership positions in computer science, and the policies that promote such opportunities. The proposed ontology may benefit various users, including female computer science professionals, leaders, researchers, and policymakers.
... So, on top of the laborious but otherwise dumb calculation of frequencies of alphanumeric characters, the textual labels are crucial. Folksonomy is commonsense, ad hoc and frequently spontaneous labelling, of which hashtags have become a prominent example in the era of social media (Guy and Tonkin 2006). Taxonomy (hierarchical) and ontology (multidimensional) have become crucial tools for representation of meaning in the digital era. ...
New technological ability is leading postdigital science, where biology as digital information, and digital information as biology, are now dialectically interconnected. In this chapter we firstly explore a philosophy of biodigitalism as a new paradigm closely linked to bioinformationalism. Both involve the mutual interaction and integration of information and biology, which leads us into discussion of biodigital convergence. As a unified ecosystem, this allows us to resolve problems that isolated disciplinary capabilities cannot, creating new knowledge ecologies within a constellation of technoscience. To illustrate our arrival at this historical flash point via several major epistemological shifts in the post-war period, we venture a tentative typology. The convergence between biology and information reconfigures all levels of theory and practice, and even critical reason itself now requires a biodigital interpretation oriented towards ecosystems and coordinated Earth systems. In this understanding, neither the digital humanities, the biohumanities, nor the posthumanities sit outside of biodigitalism. Instead, posthumanism is but one form of biodigitalism that mediates the biohumanities and the digital humanities, no longer preoccupied with the tradition of the subject, but with the constellation of forces shaping the future of human ontologies. This heralds a new biopolitics which brings the philosophy of race, class, gender, and intelligence, into a compelling dialog with genomics and information.KeywordsBiodigitalismBioinformationalismBiopoliticsPostdigitalConvergenceKnowledge ecologyTechnoscienceDigital humanitiesBiohumanitiesPosthumanismPhilosophyEpistemologyOntology
... So, on top of the laborious but otherwise dumb calculation of frequencies of alphanumeric characters, the textual labels are crucial. Folksonomy is commonsense, ad hoc and frequently spontaneous labelling, of which hashtags have become a prominent example in the era of social media (Guy and Tonkin 2006). Taxonomy (hierarchical) and ontology (multidimensional) have become crucial tools for representation of meaning in the digital era. ...
This chapter explores the connections between the bio and the digital in the construction of ‘bioinformation’ and ‘biodigital convergence’. The site of examination of these connections is medical understandings of the body. Its focus is the notion of ontology in two related senses, philosophical and technical. The chapter considers the connections between, on the one hand, the immaterial understanding reflected in medical knowledge—in philosophical terms ‘the ideal’ or ideational—and on the other, the material, biological realities of bodies. In a technical sense, the chapter discusses medical ontologies in a computer science frame of reference, and the emergence in recent years of ‘knowledge graphs’ for their representation. On these philosophical and technical bases, the chapter goes on to discuss a research and development project in which the authors have been engaged, to develop a web-based knowledge graphing environment, with a wide range of potential sites of applications, one to support medical students in clinical case analysis, and the other to build medical logic visualizations to supplement electronic health records.KeywordsKnowledge graphsOntologiesMedical informaticsMedical educationElectronic health records
... So, on top of the laborious but otherwise dumb calculation of frequencies of alphanumeric characters, the textual labels are crucial. Folksonomy is commonsense, ad hoc and frequently spontaneous labelling, of which hashtags have become a prominent example in the era of social media (Guy and Tonkin 2006). Taxonomy (hierarchical) and ontology (multidimensional) have become crucial tools for representation of meaning in the digital era. ...
This dialogue (trilogue) is an attempt to critically discuss the technoscientific convergence that is taking place with biodigital technologies in the postdigital condition. In this discussion, Sarah Hayes, Petar Jandrić and Michael A. Peters examine the nature of the convergences, their applications for bioeconomic sustainability and associated ecopedagogies. The dialogue chapter raises issues of definition and places the technological convergence (‘nano-bio-info-cogno’) – of new systems biology and digital technologies at the nano level – in an evolutionary context to speculate, on the basis of the latest research, future possibilities. The chapter also reviews these developments within familiar landscapes of posthumanism and postmodernism, raises the question of political bioeconomy and the role of postdigital education within it.KeywordsPostdigitalBiodigitalismBioinformationalismBiopoliticsBioeconomyConvergenceKnowledge ecologyTechnoscience
... In practice, however, organizations often lack the metadata needed to describe the conceptual-logical mapping we have just described. For example, collaborative tagging from crowdsourced data quickly yields folksonomies of conceptual tags, but they may be inconsistent due to personal biases and therefore require standardization [16]. Other situations arise in legacy enterprises, where the merger of multiple information systems results in multiple logical representations of the same data concept, or when loss of informal knowledge or incomplete documentation results in an incompletely documented system, or when a legacy system is repurposed for a new business purpose, whose conceptual needs are not perfectly aligned with the existing logical layout of data. ...
We introduce a data management problem called metadata debt, to identify the mapping between data concepts and their logical representations. We describe how this mapping can be learned using semisupervised topic models based on low-rank matrix factorizations that account for missing and noisy labels, coupled with sparsity penalties to improve localization and interpretability. We introduce a gauge transformation approach that allows us to construct explicit associations between topics and concept labels, and thus assign meaning to topics. We also show how to use this topic model for semisupervised learning tasks like extrapolating from known labels, evaluating possible errors in existing labels, and predicting missing features. We show results from this topic model in predicting subject tags on over 25,000 datasets from Kaggle.com, demonstrating the ability to learn semantically meaningful features.
... (ii) In addition to the lack of precision due to the lack of vocabulary control, 10 the personalized nature of some tags makes them meaningless to a wide audience. 11 The wide morphological variation of tags also leads to a redundancy problem. 12 Thus, it is important to determine how to overcome these problems and use social tagging to help researchers collect relevant bibliographic resources. ...
Tags, when properly assigned to limited access papers, help users to estimate their relevance. This paper introduces a new approach for the selection of relevant tags as well as a recommendation for scientific papers tagging. The approach defines the relatedness between the tags attributed by users and the concepts extracted from the available sections of scientific papers based on statistical, structural and semantic aspects. Two different term-based graphs (R1-Graph and R2-Graph) were generated whose vertices indicate the terms and the edges represent the relatedness score between these terms. In addition, two algorithms were implemented to select and recommend the relevant tags: the neighbor-algorithm and the best-path-algorithm. The results of the experiments performed on a CiteULike collection of tagged papers show significant improvements only for the tagging of abstracted scientific articles. The approach was evaluated by referring to the full text of the papers with expert evaluation and comparing the tags generated by CiteULike users. Using the neighbor-algorithm, 80% of the top 10 recommended tags based on R2-Graph and 76% of the top 10 recommended tags based on the R1-Graph were relevant. While only 62% of those recommended by CiteULike users were relevant. The best-path-algorithm gave the best results in the top 20 and top 30 recommended tags and this in comparison with the tags recommended by the neighbor-algorithm and the tags assigned by CiteULike users.
... To that end, suggestions have been made towards guidelines for the formation of tags, especially bi-lexical expressions, so as to minimize the appearance of sloppy tags [9], as well as the possible layouts [3]. ...
... Já a folksonomia se diferencia por ser um sistema de classificação criado por usuários individuais, pode-se dizer que é construída pelo povo (Guy & Tonkin, 2006). A grande diferença está pautada nas variadas formas de representação para um único conceito ou documento, com uma imensidão de significados atribuídos por diferentes indivíduos oriundos de contextos diversos (Lara, 2009). ...
An startups ecosystem, it is an environment conducive to the mutual interaction of different actors, with the purpose of developing startups. In this way, it is possible to infer that in these agglomerates circulates innumerable and distinct knowledge, coming from the most diverse formations of its involved. By involving a dynamic innovative process, the input and output of knowledge is also dynamic. In this context, the retention and preservation of knowledge become complex activities that could be facilitated through organization and representation, in order to build the socioeconomic memory of the Florianópolis startups ecosystem. Since socioeconomic development is generally considered to be an important means of alleviating gender and socioeconomic inequalities in access to health services, use of services and, ultimately, results. The aim of this study was to indicate the actions necessary for the organization and representation of knowledge in the startup ecosystem of Florianópolis, with a view to building its socioeconomic memory. For this, a descriptive exploratory research was carried out and subsequent indication of the actions. As a result, the following actions were obtained: 1) Interview through a semi-structured script the entrepreneurs of startups, with a view to obtaining the origin of the knowledge that they apply in their companies and in the ecosystem, that is, their sources of information; 2) to relate the sources of information and types of information pertinent to each stage of the innovative process of the Florianópolis Startups Ecosystem, segment of technology and innovation; 3) to elaborate a model of relationship of the sources of information and the types of information with the innovative process of the Startups Ecosystem of Florianópolis. It is hoped that through the described actions the organization and representation of knowledge will be obtained, consequently the categorization of the types of scientific and technological information most used in the Startups Ecosystem. As well as, the possibility of establishing folksonomies and taxonomies. It should be noted that the possibilities listed are not unique, and from their developments it will become possible to detail their specificities and indicate other developments. This reflects on the theoretical and practical extension of the knowledge organization, with the search for gaps, proposal of solutions based on studies already carried out, and application through the information professionals. We can see the startup ecosystem of Florianópolis in a vast field for studies based on theories and practices of the organization of knowledge, due to the numerous and different knowledge that circulate in it.
... Social tags are user-generated terms, keywords, or descriptions created for either the user's own organizational purposes or to share with others. As Guy and Tonkin (2006) note: ...
This article explores temporal influences on compressive social tagging generation for archival moving image materials through a quasi-experimental study. Forty participants tagged the same video segmented into differing lengths. Analysis of the resulting data found the average number of user-generated tags is influenced by the length of the video within moving image collections. Specifically, the average tagging rate for a short video was higher than its lengthier counterpart.
... The shift in this order arose due to the impact of advancement in Web 2.0 (Anfinnsen, Ghinea, & de Cesare, 2011) applications wherein many social networking platforms enabled users to organize their personal information resources in the form of social tags or folksonomies. Hence, the folksonomies are user created metadata (Furner, 2010;Guy & Tonkin, 2006;Wal, 2004) for web resources and are used extensively for content categorization and retrieval in the age of Web 2.0. Unlike a controlled vocabulary which is designed by top-down ways, a folksonomy is constructed from bottomup by user-centred ways to organize personal information resources. ...
Information retrieval is the challenge of the Web 2.0 world. The experiment of knowledge organisation in the context of abundant
information available from various sources proves a major hurdle in obtaining information retrieval with greater precision and
recall. The fast-changing landscape of information organisation through social networking sites at a personal level creates a
world of opportunities for data scientists and also library professionals to assimilate the social data with expert created data. Thus,
folksonomies or social tags play a vital role in information organisation and retrieval. The comparison of these user-created tags
with expert-created index terms, author keywords and title words, will throw light on the differentiation between these sets of
data. Such comparative studies show revelation of a new set of terms to enhance subject access and reflect the extent of similarity
between user-generated tags and other set of terms. The CiteULike tags extracted from 5,150 scholarly journal articles in marine
science were compared with corresponding Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts descriptors, author keywords, and title terms.
The Jaccard similarity coefficient method was employed to compare the social tags with the above mentioned wordsets, and
results proved the presence of user-generated keywords in Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts descriptors, author keywords,
and title words. While using information retrieval techniques like stemmer and lemmatization, the results were found to enhance
keywords to subject access.
... Disrupting the Metanarrative: A Little History of Image Indexing and Retrieval 6 of people will be greater than the knowledge of an individual, even an expert individual. Although even early on in its history there were critics of tagging (see for example, Kroski 2005;Guy and Tonkin 2006;Rafferty and Hidderley 2007), in this story, tagging is seen as inclusive, incorporating no imposed cultural or political bias; its language is current, fluid and capable of incorporating terminology and neologisms (Garcia-Marco 2016); it is non-binary, democratic and self-moderating, follows desire lines (Mathes 2004) and engenders community. ...
Pauline Rafferty is Senior Lecturer at Aberystwyth University, teaching knowledge organization and representation, information architectures, and qualitative approaches to research. Her research interests include knowledge organisation and cultural documentation, and critical communication and information studies. Specific areas of interest include popular culture in and through the web, the democratisation of critical authority, and participative digital cultural production. She holds a PhD in critical theory and cultural studies. Pauline is Joint Editor of Journal of Information Science and Joint Regional Editor of The Electronic Library. She has co-edited books for Facet and co-written a book for Ashgate. © 2019 International Society for Knowledge Organization. All rights reserved.
... Delicious site require that tags be only one word. This creates problems as mentioned by Guy and Tonkin (2006) when there is no standard way of creating multi-word tags. Should taggers use underscores, dashes, or just blend words together? ...
this paper will be described the advantages and disadvantages of social tagging as a way to index content to facilitate retrieval. This is followed by an example into the specifics of Delicious site as a part of folksonomy sites.
... Les tags sont donc difficilement applicables dans les petites communautés ou les communautés quiémergent. -Les tags ne permettent pas de structurationélaborée ([Guy and Tonkin, 2006][Sen et al., 2006] ...
Les techniques actuelles d'indexation sur le Web ne sont pas satisfaisantes pour les ressources pédagogiques. En effet, l'indexation automatique, e.g. Google, peut difficilement dépasser le niveau syntaxique des contenus tandis que l'indexation par des documentalistes est coûteuse en main d'oeuvre. Or de récentes approches telles que les techniques du Web Sémantique ou la tendance du Web Participatif (Web 2.0) offrent des solutions prometteuses. Une première partie de nos travaux porte ainsi sur l'étude du Web Sémantique appliqué aux ressources pédagogiques. Nous y explorons les possibilités de raisonnements automatisés appliqués à des ontologies pédagogiques. Une seconde partie porte sur l'étude des fonctionnalités des sites participatifs, facilitant l'ajout de contenus et de métadonnées par les visiteurs. Nous proposons alors un modèle de site participatif adapté aux communautés d'enseignants. Néanmoins, Web Sémantique et Web Participatif sont souvent opposés. Aux ontologies formelles généralement réalisées par quelques experts s'opposent les tags hétérogènes ajoutés par de nombreux utilisateurs aux profils variés. Dans une troisième partie, nous proposons donc un modèle fusionnant Sémantique et Participatif. Ce modèle vise à développer des applications de partage de ressources, principalement pour des communautés de pratique. Il se fonde sur une Indexation Progressive et Multi-points de vue (modèle IPM) consistant à : - permettre aux utilisateurs de structurer progressivement les métadonnées, pour finalement favoriser des raisonnements sémantiques par les machines ; - permettre aux utilisateurs de collaborer progressivement, pour finalement favoriser une vision partagée du domaine par les humains. Ce modèle est implémenté dans un outil de partage de signets, nommé SemanticScuttle, proposant des fonctionnalités originales comme des tags structurés par des relations d'inclusion et de synonymie, ou des espaces wiki pour décrire des tags. L'outil a été développé et expérimenté avec des documentalistes en sociologie sur plusieurs mois. Diffusé, l'outil est employé par des utilisateurs dans plusieurs pays. Finalement, nos travaux nous permettent de formuler des hypothèses sur un modèle socio-technique soutenant le partage entre enseignants. Ils sont aussi une contribution à des modèles intégrant différentes formes d'indexation : automatique et par des humains, faisant intervenir des experts et les utilisateurs, fondée sur des modèles structurés (e.g. ontologies) et sur des métadonnées flexibles (e.g. tags). Mot-clefs : Indexation (documentation), Pédagogie - Ressources internet, Web 2.0, Communautés virtuelles, Web sémantique, Ontologies (informatique).
With the evolution of digital platforms, ordinary users have gained the opportunity to participate in the organization of digital knowledge. This has given rise to folksonomies or social indexing, and the duty of information services to integrate user participation in the organization of their digital collections, and thus incorporate folksonomies in their information organization practices. This article presents a case study of the involvement of users of an academic museum and archive in the indexing of a set of resources within a project on digital preservation. The main objective of this study was to analyse the labels or tags suggested by a group of six students from several scientific areas who participated in the experience, and explain the criteria they used to choose and assign the terms to represent the content of the documents. The responses were categorized based on content analysis. The labels assigned by the students were also compared with the indexing terms used by information professionals. Although the students were not familiar with the methods of information professionals, they gained enough sensitivity to understand the need for term validation and recognize that term selection is a subjective choice.
Introdução: As tecnologias de informação e comunicação proporcionam autonomia comunicacional aos indivíduos com acesso à internet e seus serviços web. A indexação social, neste contexto, é um método de representação da informação baseada em linguagem natural, em que o usuário da web é o protagonista. No universo dos serviços de redes sociais online, a indexação social pode ser observada sob a forma de hashtags, e sua aplicabilidade compreendida como um recurso potencial para promover a visibilidade da informação. Questão que pode contribuir para os propósitos da divulgação científica em redes sociais online. Objetivo: Realizar uma análise de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo sobre a utilização de hashtags no contexto da divulgação da ciência no TikTok, a fim de identificar as características e estratégias de visibilidade baseadas em indexação social. Metodologia: Pesquisa exploratória de caráter qualitativo e quantitativo, realizada a partir de perfis e vídeos de divulgação científica compartilhados no TikTok no ano de 2022. Está dividida em três fases: 1) seleção, cujo objetivo é determinar as estratégias de identificação e parâmetros de seleção dos dois conjuntos de dados (perfis e hashtags) analisados neste estudo; 2) coleta, cujo objetivo é coletar as informações necessárias para as análises propostas na terceira fase; 3) análise, cujo objetivo é realizar: i) análises quantitativas da amostra; ii) análises das características das hashtags mais populares coletadas; e iii) identificação de possíveis estratégias de visibilidade baseadas em indexação social. Resultados: 172 perfis foram coletados por meio de estratégias de pesquisa aplicadas ao Google Search e ao TikTok, dos quais 17 foram selecionados para a coleta de hashtags. A partir das análises foi possível observar hashtags ligadas ao contexto acadêmico, hashtags genéricas desvinculadas do universo científico, hashtags que identificam ou personalizam a busca por informações veiculadas a um perfil e uma hashtag de cunho político. Foi possível observar a utilização de estratégias de visibilidade baseadas em indexação social nos vídeos destinados à divulgação científica no TikTok. No entanto, conclui-se que a indexação social sozinha não consegue promover a visibilidade de conteúdo no que se refere ao TikTok. Isso não anula a importância da representação da informação neste serviço de rede social online. A indexação social deve ser compreendida como uma parte das ações que ajudam a promover a visibilidade da informação científica no TikTok. Considerações Finais: Ao iniciar o processo de análise percebeu-se que a indexação social é uma de muitas estratégias e recursos que o algoritmo do TikTok se utiliza para segmentar conteúdo. Por isso, para obter um panorama sobre a visibilidade de conteúdo científico no TikTok é necessário que em trabalhos futuros uma ampliação da observação dos mecanismos que promovem visibilidade da informação no TikTok seja realizada. A partir disso, será possível compreender como o algoritmo se beneficia de outros elementos como: a trilha sonora escolhida, as interações do usuário na interface e outros mecanismos que podem contribuir para um conteúdo ser considerado relevante ou não ao usuário e seja recomendado no feed for you deste serviço de rede social online.
Purpose: Chaos is one of the most important features of today''s complex information world which causes users to be confused in the correctly and timely retrieval of information. The Purpose of this reaearch is to identify and prioritizes the chaos creating factors in the information organization and providing solutions to prevent it. Methodology: This research is an applied that done by descriptive-analytical and qualitative content analysis. The statistical population of this study includes 10 experts of information organizers that they have been selected by Snowball method. Data collection tools were unstructured deep interview. Findings: The findings showed that the most important factors in creating chaos in the organization of information are: 1-Human factors 2-Systematic factors 3-Fundamental factors 4-Economic factors and 5-Linguistic factor. Also, findings showed that butterfly effect, self similarity, strange attractors and dynamic adaptation respectively were the most important inhibitors of chaos in organization of information and organizers will have better performance to prevent disorders by having the expertise, precision and time. Originality: The results showed that using elements of chaos theory is effective in preventing chaos in organization of information.
La Folksonomía es una característica de la Web 2.0 basada en la libre asignación de etiquetas y de personal en las plataformas digitales. El objetivo de este trabajo es aprobar de forma teórico-conceptual el proceso que se denomina Folksonomía Asistida, que consiste en el uso de lo corpus de la información en el ambiente digital para ayudar en el proceso de definición de las etiquetas con el objetivo de aumentar el grado de importancia de estas en relación con el objeto depositado. La metodología utilizada fue estructurado de un modelo matemático llamado matriz de adyacencia que dio lugar a la construcción de una red de etiquetas, con el fin de resaltar las diferencias entre el uso o no del modelo. Para la composición de la matriz de adyacencia se recogieron todas las palabras-clave de cincuenta artículos (nueve puntos), publicados entre los años 2008 a 2010 en la revista Ciencias de la Información (Brasil), se ha aplicado la siguiente concepto de Folksonomía Asistida que redujo en 12,79 % del total de las etiquetas asignadas inicialmente, lo que aumenta la consistencia de la relación entre los artículos seleccionados. El software Pajek y Vos Viewer que se utiliza para ayudar a la presentación de los resultados de la aplicación de la Folksonomía asistido en el conjunto de artículos, por lo que percibe el ojo humano y facilitar la conclusión de que el uso de Folksonomia Asistida mejora la eficiencia de la utilización de etiquetas conectiva reforzando la relación entre los artículos publicados
Katalogowanie zasobów sieciowych jest porównywane do katalogowania zasobów bibliotecznych. Jedną z metod systematyzowania zawartości zasobów sieciowych jest społeczne tagowanie. Od kilku lat naukowcy zastanawiają się, czy metoda ta jest przydatna dla bibliotek oraz w jaki sposób można zwiększyd jej użytecznośd i wyeliminowad wady, aby stała się równoprawnym narzędziem wśród bibliotecznych systemów informacyjno-wyszukiwawczych. Autorka przedstawia stan badao tego problemu, propozycje przekształceo folksonomii w systemy tagowania kontrolowanego oraz, porównując system tagów z systemem unitermów, stawia tezę o tendencji rozwoju folksonomii w kierunku tezaurusów fasetowych.
Representing products as a combination of properties that capture the essence of consumer sentiment is critical for companies that strive to understand consumer behavior. A catalogue of products described in terms of their attributes could offer companies a wide range of benefits; from improving existing products or developing new ones, to improving the quality of site search and offering better item recommendations to users. In this paper, we propose a method that encodes products as a sequence of attributes, each of which represents a different dimension of the consumer perception. In the proposed method, first, a base product set with known attribute values is built based on consumers' perceptions. Then, new product attribute vectors are estimated using product similarity. The proposed method also incorporates a new similarity measure that is based on purchase behavior and which is suitable for estimating product attribute vector distances. Because it takes into account the magnitude of the individual components of the vectors under comparison, the proposed method is free from the limitations of conventional similarity measures. The results of experiments conducted using real-world data indicate that the proposed method has superior performance compared to conventional approaches in terms of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE).
Folksonomies offer an easy method to organize information in the current Web. This fact and their collaborative features have derived in an extensive involvement in many Social Web projects. However they present important drawbacks regarding their limited exploring and searching capabilities, in contrast with other methods as taxonomies, thesauruses and ontologies. One of these drawbacks is an effect of its flexibility for tagging, frequently producing multiple syntactic variations of a same tag. In this chapter the authors study the application of two classical pattern matching techniques, Levenshtein distance for the imperfect string matching and Hamming distance for the perfect string matching, to identify syntactic variations of tags. This chapter explores the use of pattern techniques to identify syntactic variations of tags in order to reduce the existing noise in certain folksonomies. This chapter focuses on two classical distances used to perform perfect string matching as the Hamming’s Distance, and imperfect string matching as the Levenshtein’s Distance.
Texts in virtual social networks differ cardinally from those of reviewed and edited publications, as being in fact the materials of non-moderated chat dialog having all the syntactic features, and in many cases, they are hypertexts with, as analysis subjects, quite relative boundaries. Instead of texts the virtual discourse, an object of new type is analyzed. In these conditions, the linguistic analysis is transformed into preliminary linguistic processing the texts and analysis of texts into the analysis of networks participants' interactions. Weak sides of linguistic processing both primary and pervasive are shown concerning the texts in social networks. Many problems appear when analyzing the texts as non-structured big data. A changing of used linguistic tools is linked with the reorientation onto new research customers: companies seeing the business interest in that, state structures, and even onto criminal structures using result of analysis for composing the texts aimed for manipulation of the consciousness.
In their daily practice, practitioners belong to local communities of practice (CoPs) within their organisation. This knowledge is rarely capitalised upon because discussions are mainly verbal. Practitioners can also belong to general CoPs online. Within these general CoPs, discussions are rarely linked to the context in which they appeared, since the members are from different companies or institutions. This paper (1) connects these two levels of CoPs by contacting practitioners belonging to CoPs centred on the same general activity but who are geographically distributed and (2) capitalises on the produced knowledge by contextualising, allowing it to be accessible and reusable by all the members. The authors detail the main results of the research: (1) a model of the interconnection of CoPs (ICP) to support knowledge sharing and dissemination; and (2) a specific knowledge management tool for the ICP knowledge base. The authors apply the model and platform to university tutors by: (1) developing a use case, which links the model and the TE-Cap 2 platform and highlights the new possibilities offered by the knowledge management tool; and (2) conducting a descriptive investigation lasting for five months.
Objetivo: O presente trabalho propõe e aplica um percurso metodológico para a construção de corpus de referência na área de Ciência da Informação. Método: A metodologia da pesquisa pode ser classificada como exploratória, empírica e estudo de caso. Para a pesquisa foi delimitado o uso do corpus composto por 60 artigos selecionados por Souza (2005) e a adoção do Tesauro Brasileiro de Ciência da Informação (TBCI) como linguagem de indexação. O percurso metodológico proposto consistiu da adaptação de um modelo colaborativo de indexação social, assim como a elaboração de uma política de indexação social e a configuração e uso de um software para a construção de uma folksonomia assistida por grupos de usuários. A folksonomia assistida foi então analisada visando à compilação do corpus de referência. Resultado: O modelo colaborativo de indexação social foi obtido por meio da configuração da plataforma de gerenciamento de coleção denominada Tainacan, mais especificamente na configuração e preparação de uma coleção no software. Foi desenvolvida uma política de indexação social assistida e houve instrução aos grupos de usuários indexadores de forma a guiá-los no processo de indexação. A análise da folksonomia resultante se deu mediante comparação dos termos com as palavras-chave dos autores e com termos do TBCI, permitindo a posterior correção e exclusão de termos inadequados na compilação do corpus. Conclusões: Conclui-se que o percurso metodológico proposto se mostra eficaz na construção de corpus de referência no âmbito da Ciência da Informação.
This study explores if there is a convergence between the concepts of fashion and eco-friendliness in consumer perception of a fashion brand. We assume that increased eco-friendly perception will influence the brand image positively, with this impact being much higher for luxury than for high and fast fashion brands. The hypotheses are tested using data collected from Twitter. We analyzed the fashion clothing brands with the highest number of followers on the Socialbakers list and applied a novel social network mining methodology that allows measuring the relationship between each brand and two perceptual attributes (fashion and eco-friendliness). The method is based on attribute exemplars—that is, Twitter accounts that represent a perceptual attribute. Our exemplars catalyze social media conversations on fashion (identified in our research by the keywords “fashion,” “glamour,” and “style”) and eco-friendliness (keywords “environment” and “ethical business”). Based on social network analysis theory, we computed a similarity function between the followers of the exemplars and those of the brand. The results suggest that there is a correlation between the fashion and the eco-friendliness perceptual attributes of a brand; however, this correlation is far stronger for luxury brands than for high and fast fashion brands. The difference in the correlations confirms the recent tendency of fashion luxury brand to increasingly consider treating environmental issues as part of their core business and not just as added value to the brand’s offer.
This paper explores the potential usefulness of user-generated folksonomy tagging in an academic electronic resource collection. A hermeneutic conception of meaning is applied to information retrieval (IR) technology, which emphasizes the understanding of IR systems as mechanisms for communication. The results of a survey exploring undergraduate tagging behavior are discussed.Cet article explore l'utilité potentielle d'un système d'étiquetage collaboratif généré par les utilisateurs d'une collection de ressources électroniques universitaires. Une conception herméneutique du sens est appliquée à la technologie de recherche documentaire (RD), renforçant la notion de systèmes de RD comme mécanismes de communication. Les résultats d'un sondage explorant les comportements d'étiquetage d'étudiants du premier cycle seront également abordés.
Purpose-There has been a significant rise in the use of web 2.0 social network websites and online applications in recent years. One of the most popular is Flickr: an online image management application. This paper investigates general patterns of tag usage and determines the usefulness of the tags used within university image groups to the wider Flickr community.
Design/Methodology/Approach-This study uses a webometric data collection, classification and informetric analysis. Findings-The results show that members of university image groups tend to tag in a manner that is of use to users of the system as a whole rather than merely for the tag creator.
Originality/Value-This paper gives a valuable insight into the tagging practices of image groups in Flickr.
Objetiva criar uma síntese sobre os diversos usos do termo Folksonomia no âmbito da Literatura da Ciência da Informação através de análise dos conceitos relacionados. Visa especificamente contribuir com um passo na direção à maturidade e consolidação do conceito de Folksonomia levando em conta as definições elencadas pelos autores que trabalham com a temática em questão e as ideias do criador desta terminologia, Thomas Vander Wal. Tem como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, pautada em revisão de literatura sobre Folksonomia e representação colaborativa da informação. Destaca que não há ainda uma definição única, clara, bem enunciada e rigorosa acerca da Folksonomia. Conclui conceituando a Folksonomia como o resultado do processo de etiquetagem livre (atribuição de etiquetas ou palavras-chave) realizada pelos usuários mediante o emprego de termos provenientes da linguagem natural - dispensando o auxílio de vocabulários controlados - em ambientes digitais colaborativos visando indexar recursos informacionais compartilhados em qualquer formato (textos, imagens, áudio, vídeo, etc.) para fins de sua representação.Palavras-chave: Organização da informação. Representação da Informação. Folksonomia. Indexação social. Etiquetagem.Link: http://portaldeperiodicos.eci.ufmg.br/index.php/pci/article/view/2571/2077
O presente artigo trata do uso de elementos semânticos no processo de armazenamento e recuperação de informação em repositórios digitais através do processo de Folksonomia Assistida e do modelo Representação Interativa.
Analisa o uso de etiquetas (tags) no blog De olho na CI. Fundamenta-se teoricamente nos estudos sobre organização da informação na chamada Web 2.0. Este espaço de comunicação na Internet tem como características a colaboração, a interatividade, a linguagem natural e a sociabilidade em rede, alterando assim a produção e a organização dos conteúdos digitais. A pesquisa quanti-qualitativa contou e relacionou as etiquetas usadas nas notícias postadas no blog De olho na CI no primeiro trimestre de 2016. Utilizou-se do paradigma indiciário para busca e organização das etiquetas representativas das temáticas abordadas no blog e da análise de discurso para reunir essas etiquetas em nove categorias: Eventos, Revistas científicas, Pós-Graduação, Ciência da Informação, Biblioteconomia, Arquivologia, Instituições, Localização geográfica e Diversos. Aponta-se a necessidade de padronização do uso das etiquetas, recomendando que os editores promovam as ações para promover uma melhor representação das temáticas veiculadas nas notícias publicadas no blog De olho na CI.
Los noticieros se trasladan de la televisión a la web para acercarse a los usuarios. La representación textual de su contenido es importante para posicionar la noticia en la web en motores de búsqueda y facilitar su consulta y preservación. El valor económico que adquiere la difusión de los noticieros de la televisión incrementa cuanto más claro es el tema para las tecnologías web. En el presente estudio, basado en las metodologías del tratamiento documental y de la Investigación-Acción, se propone un modelo de representación temática de contenido para optimizar la recuperación a fin de promover el tráfico de usuarios. Se puso el modelo a prueba en un estudio de caso y se presentan los resultados obtenidos.
RESUMO Objetiva criar uma síntese das definições do termo Folksonomia no âmbito da Literatura da Ciência da Informação através de análise dos conceitos relacionados. Visa especificamente contribuir para a consolidação do conceito de Folksonomia levando em conta as definições elencadas pelos autores que trabalham com a temática em questão e as ideias do criador desta terminologia, Thomas Vander Wal. Tem como metodologia a pesquisa exploratória e bibliográfica, como base na análise de conteúdo e em revisão de literatura sobre Folksonomia e representação colaborativa da informação. Destaca que não há ainda uma definição única, clara, bem enunciada e rigorosa acerca da Folksonomia. Conclui conceituando a Folksonomia como o resultado do processo de etiquetagem livre (atribuição de etiquetas ou palavras-chave) realizada pelos usuários mediante o emprego de termos provenientes da linguagem natural - dispensando o auxílio de vocabulários controlados - em ambientes digitais colaborativos visando indexar recursos informacionais compartilhados de qualquer formato (textos, imagens, áudio, vídeo, etc.) para fins de sua representação e recuperação.
This articie examines the classification of migration and the political implications of its vocabulary. It begins with an analysis of the challenge that the topic of migration poses to traditional methods of classification. These challenges are evident in the case study of the 2016 petition to change the subject heading of "Illegal aliens'∗ at the Library of Congress, the Library's proposal to replace the term with "noncitizens" and "illegal immigration," and subsequent pressure from the House of Representatives to reinstate the original phrasing in order to match the terminology of federal laws. © 2018 International Society for Knowledge Organization. All Rights Reserved.
To develop a richer understanding of how folksonomies and social tagging differ from and are similar to professional indexing languages, the following paper presents preliminary analysis of over 2 million keyword tags on the community blog MetaFilter and its companion question-and-answer site Ask MetaFilter. Most of the tags in these narrow folksonomies were created by users when they published a post, but some tags were retroactively created for old posts by a small group of volunteers. Both organic and retroactive tags on MetaFilter and Ask MetaFilter followed a power law distribution, which is expected for folksonomies. Based on tag distribution, use of organization tags, and avoidance of synonyms, however, retroactive taggers did not tag like professional indexers. Instead, they tagged using similar practices to organic taggers, even actively accommodating the broader community's use of synonyms. These findings suggest that folksonomies remain a distinctly different approach to knowledge organization.
Introdução: Abordam-se quatro dimensões convergentes no delineamento de uma pesquisa em imagens e audiovisuais na área da Ciência da Informação e, em particular, no contexto da organização da informação visual.Objetivo: Apontar que um estudo de imagens e audiovisuais se substancia com maior densidade quando as seguintes dimensões são ponderadas/clarificadas na pesquisa: a especialidade da Ciência da Informação envolvida, bem como as áreas de interface ou campo operacional eleito; a natureza do corpus de análise; os cenários sociais, culturais, econômicos, entre outros, relacionados, em ambientes informacionais físicos ou digitais; e o estado da arte da literatura.Metodologia: Reflexão teórica a partir da literatura que aborda a indexação para a representação e o acesso do objeto de estudo em ambientes de informação.Resultados: As quatro dimensões impactam na determinação das variáveis que devem ser consideradas em uma pesquisa sobre informações visuais e nos resultados alcançados, tendo em conta que esse universo de informações é gigantesco e repleto de peculiaridades. No que tange à quarta dimensão destacam-se na literatura sobre imagem e audiovisuais no âmbito da indexação e busca da informação, os artigos sobre o ”tagueamento” colaborativo/social, os quais tentam determinar a relação cognitiva da atribuição de tags (etiquetagens livres) nas consultas.Conclusões: Na literatura analisada percebe-se a abordagem de três das dimensões mencionadas, contudo a dimensão da problematização e caracterização dos cenários carece de uma maior exposição.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim was to investigate information social tagging behavior and the consistency of hashtags with the content on the educational and successful pages in Instagram visibility, so that a model for social tagging can be found to increase the information findability and visibility in it.
Methods: This was a qualitative and exploratory study, carried out through thematic analysis. In this regard, more than 2,800 labels (hashtags), from Intagram educational pages, were selected as a targeted sample based on a competitive bench-marking approach, and analyzed. While classifying hashtags, they were matched to the theme of the contents.
Results: the findings showed that the subject, common, and exclusive tags and hashtags were assigned more to content and used less to emphatic and critical hashtags. The findings also indicated that 76 percent of the investigated hashtags matched to the theme of the shared content.
Conclusion: Successful pages in visibility have more applied subject hashtags in the same time they used less and more the other categories. The type of tags assigned to the content depended on the pages' context. Tagging behavior may reflect information sharing motivations and the hashtags assigned in educational pages can be used as a pattern for the pictures organization, according to their relevance to content theme.
Keywords: social tagging, folksonomy, Instagram, Hashtag, thematic analysis, visibility
With the advent of Web 2.0, e-learning has the potential to become far more personal, social, and flexible.
Collective Intelligence and E-Learning 2.0: Implications of Web-Based Communities and Networking provides a valuable reference to the latest advancements in the area of educational technology and e-learning. This innovative collection includes a selection of world-class chapters addressing current research, case studies, best practices, pedagogical approaches, and strategies related to e-learning resources and projects.
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