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A new circumscription of the lichen genus Nephromopsis (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes)
Abstract and Figures
The phylogeny of the cetrarioid lichens with bifusiform spermatia and dorsiventral thalli which contain usnic acid is reanalysed
using three parts of the genome, ITS rDNA, β-tubulin and GAPDH sequences. Molecular data from five cetrarioid species are
presented for the first time, and 13 new sequences are combined with sequences from the gene bank to delimit the genus Nephromopsis. A monophyletic clade of Nephromopsis, Tuckneraria, ‘Cetraria’ leucostigma and ‘C.’ melaloma is identified and circumscribed as one genus, Nephromopsis, which now includes 19 species. Four new combinations are presented. A key to the species is provided.
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... Rassadina (1950) reported 76 species of the genus Cetraria from different part of the world. Subsequently, Kärnefelt (1979 Subsequently, Kärnefelt ( ), Kärnefelt et al. (1992, Lai (1980a, b), Mark et al. (2012), Nelson et al. (2011, Randlane and Saag (1993, 1998a, b), Randlane et al. (1994), Thell et al. (2005, 2009), Culberson and Culberson (1968), Beguinot (1982), Elix (1994) and Lai (2001) described other species of the cetrarioid lichens from different regions of the world. The first report of cetrarioid lichens from India was made by Babington (1852) based on the collection of Strachey and Winterbottom (in 1947-48) from Central Himalaya and reported three new cetrarioid lichen species [ major portion of cryptogamic vegetation of the forest in most of the zones. ...
Mishra G. K. & Upreti D. K. 2015. Altitudinal distribution of cetrarioid lichens in Govind Wildlife Sanctuary, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. Geophytology 45(1): 9-19. The present study records distribution of eight genera and thirteen species of cetrarioid lichens from seven localities, situated at different altitudes, in Govind Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarkashi district, Uttarakhand. Cetraria nigricans Nyl., is a new addition to the lichen flora of Uttarakhand. A key to the genera and species together with short descriptions, synonyms and basionyms of each taxon are also provided. The cetrarioid lichen genus Cetrelia is dominant in altitude ranges of 2001-3500 m, whereas Cetraria and Flavocetraria are dominant in higher altitude range of 3501-4000 m. The altitude range 3501-4000 m exhibits maximum diversity of cetrarioid lichens in the area. The corticolous cetrarioid lichens exhibit dominance at 1501-3500 m altitude whereas terricolous species at 3501-4000 m. Among the different localities situated in lower altitudes, Sankari and Taluka have the poor diversity of cetrarioid lichens, whereas Har-ki-Doon and Morinda Tal areas show their luxuriant growth. The probable reason for poor diversity in the Sankari and Taluka areas may be heavy anthropogenic pressure as the inhabitants of the villages largely depend for their fuel and fodder needs on the nearby forest area which resulted into destruction of forest.
The discovery of a new for Siberia suboceanic nemoral lichen Nephromopsis ornata is reported. All collected specimens fully correspond to the morphological description of the species and differ from other representatives of the genus in the light-yellow color of the medulla. The new locality is more than 1500 km away from the previously known ones. The habitat conditions and associated species are described. Within the surveyed area, there are also other East Asian lichens with disjunctive ranges — Dolichousnea diffracta and Parmelia shinanoana. At present, this is the extreme northwestern locality of Nephromopsis ornata.
Information on lichens of Shikotan Island based on original and literature data is provided. Altogether 278 lichen species and allied fungi are documented, of which Xylographa hians is new to Eurasia, Candelariella subdeflexa is new to Russia, nine species are new to the Russian Far East, 28 species are new to the Sakhalin Region, 39 species are new to Kuril Islands, and 94 species are new to Shikotan Island. For each species, data on distribution in the Sakhalin Region and neighboring regions are given.
The first list of 40 genera and 218 species of the monophyletic Parmelioid, Cetrarioid and Hypogymnioid clades mentioned for Russia is presented. Synonyms used at species rank in Russia and the dates of publication of all the names are provided. Distribution of the species in 14 large regions of Russia is given. Cetraria microphylla Elenkin is considered a new synonym of Anaptychia bryorum Poelt.
There are 30 species of macromycetes included in the 2nd edition of the Red Data Book of Chelyabinsk Province of Russia.
The former checklists of lichen-forming and allied fungi of Japan were compiled by Sato (1943, 1959-65), Kurokawa (2003), Harada et al. (2004), and Kurokawa & Kashiwadani (2006) that listed 1,639 accepted taxa. This current edition of checklist enumerates 1,906 accepted taxa of lichen-forming and allied fungi of Japan and their synonyms reported in the references (until 31 December 2017) related to Japanese mycobiota. Information of e.g. websites and private self-publications that were not taxonomically authorized are not considered into this checklist. Among the accepted taxa in the current list, the lichen-forming fungi are 1,801 taxa (389 genera 1,764 species 10 subspecies 49 varieties 11 forms) and the allied fungi including lichenicolous, saprophytic and plant pathogenic fungi are 64 genera 105 species. It should be noted that endemic taxa of lichen-forming fungi are 336 taxa (112 genera 335 species 1 subspecies 22 varieties 6 forms) and 307 for endemic species, 1 for endemic subspecies, 22 for endemic variety and 6 for endemic form among them. Those of allied fungi are 10 species (10 genera and 10 species). The number of endemic taxa introduced by Kurokawa (2006) was more than 350 taxa (c. 22%) among 1602 taxa of lichen-forming fungi, and the number is now slightly reduced into 335 taxa (c. 19%) among 1,801 taxa. As pointed out by Kurokawa (2006), a number of crustose species are not necessary endemic to Japan and may be found in the adjacent areas such as China, Korea and Russia in the future. Although 267 taxa were added to the current list after Kurokawa & Kashiwadani (2006), some of them are needed further taxonomic researches because they were newly described or reported based only on reference information and no comparison with reliable specimens.
39 cetrarioid species and infraspecific taxa from 11 genera (Tuckermanopsis) have been recorded in the southern hemisphere. A key to the species, based on morphological, anatomical and chemical characters, is presented. Distribution patterns of all treated taxa are categorized and briefly characterized.
The paper presents a global survey of the genus Nephromopsis Mull. Arg. (fam. Parmeliaceae). The identification key includes the 11 species now accpeted in the genus (N. endocrocea, N. isidioidea, N. komarovii, N. laii, N. morrisonicola, N. nephromoides, N. ornata, N. pallescens, N. rugosa, N. stracheyi and N. yunnanensis); detailed descriptions and world distribution data of each taxa are presented for the first time. A new combination Nephromopsis nephromoides (Nyl.) Ahti and Randlane is proposed.
The new genus Tuckermanella is described to accomodate the cetrarioid lichen species which have been referred to as the "Cetraria fendleri group," most of which have been placed more recently in the related genus Tuckermannopsis. New combinations are provided for the four previously described species, and two new species are described: Tuckermanella arizonica sp. nov. and T. pseudoweberi sp. nov.
A floristic survey of the yellow cetrarioid lichens containing usnic acid (fam. Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) which are found in Tibet and neighbouring areas is presented. Typical characters, chemical constituents and distribution data are reported for all 26 species from seven genera (Allocetraria, Cetraria, Cetreliopsis, Flavocetraria, Nephromopsis, Tuckneraria and Vulpicida). Complete descriptions are provided for several taxa which have not been included in recent reviews of the cetrarioid genera. Two identification keys for taxa - both at generic and species level - have been compiled. Worldwide distribution maps are presented for the first time for some Allocetraria, Cetraria, Cetreliopsis and Tuckneraria species.
The genus Cetraria Ach. has been found to be represented by twenty-four species distributed in the temperate and alpine Himalayas of India and Nepal. A detailed morpho-taxonomic study of the twenty-two species has been presented in the paper. Cetraria endoxanthoides Awas. is described as a new species and C. endoxantha (Hue) Awas., C. isidioidea (Ris.) Awas. and C. nephromoides (Nyl.) Awas. are new combinations. Cetraria chlorophylla (Willd.) Vain., C. delavayi (Hue) Sato, C. laeteflava Zahlbr., C. rhytidocarpa Mont. et v. d. Bosch and a taxon closely related to C. potaninii Oxner are reported from the area for the first time.
ITS, group I intron and partial β-tubulin sequences were used to infer phylogenies of a putative lichen species pair: Physcia aipolia (sexual) and P. caesia (asexual). A jackknife tree obtained from the β-tubulin sequences produced a well-resolved tree, whereas the resolution in the group I intron and in the ITS tree was lower due to homoplasy. The results obtained from the combined group I intron, ITS and β-tubulin data indicate that neither P. caesia nor P. aipolia are monophyletic and suggest that the two taxa are conspecific. Although the combined DNA data suggest the existence of several genetically isolated lineages in the P. aipolia/caesia group, the different lineages were not correlated with any morphological characters. Within one of the lineages, the incongruent placement of one P. aipolia specimen may indicate sexual recombination. A contradictory placement of one P. caesia specimen in different trees suggests that the usually asexual P. caesia is occasionally capable of sexual reproduction. The β-tubulin gene was found to contain enough variation for inferring relationships at the species level. Most of the informative characters were found from intron sequences and third codon positions in the exon regions. All the nucleotide substitutions were synonymous.
Two new species, Nephromopsis weii X. Q. Gao & L. H. Chen and N. hengduanensis L. H. Chen, collected from China are described in this paper.
Cetreliopsis thailandica is reported as new to science. The secondary chemistry of this species has been determined and that of related taxa clarified.