Content uploaded by Florian Leese
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Florian Leese
Content may be subject to copyright.
Aquatic dance flies from a small Himalayan Mountain Stream (Diptera: Empididae: Hemerodromiinae, Trichopezinae and Clinocerinae)
... For detailed descriptions of the genus, see Collin (1961) and Sinclair (1995). The genus is distributed worldwide with about 60 known species (Sinclair 1995(Sinclair , 2000Wagner et al. 2004). Three species are known to occur in China. ...
... Three species are known to occur in China. The major references dealing with the taxonomy of the genus are as follows: Smith (1965), Sinclair (1999aSinclair ( -b, 2000a, Wagner et al. (2004). ...
Clinocera guangdongensis sp. n., a new aquatic dance fly of the subfamily Clinocerinae (Diptera, Empididae) is described from China. Relationships with other described species are discussed. The species of Clinocera from China are keyed. The biogeographic distribution of the genus in China is discussed.
... They also feed on larvae of Simuliidae (Diptera) (Knutson and Steyskal, 1981), which are vectors of human onchocerciasis and certain livestock diseases. Adults of the Hemerodromia are often found on riparian vegetation where they prey on small adult insects (Wagner et al., 2004). Hemerodromia are sensitive to environmental perturbations and are useful indicators of the health of aquatic ecosystems. ...
– Species of Hemerodromia Meigen, 1822 (Diptera, Empididae, Hemerodromiinae) are important components of lotic habitats in freshwater ecosystems. The goal of this study was to test the efficiency of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcoding region for species level identification of Hemerodromia in Thailand. Twelve Hemerodromia species were collected from 31 sites in North and Northeastern
Thailand and 135 COI sequences obtained. DNA barcoding identification analysis based on the best close match method performed well; with 100% of specimens agreeing with morphological identification. A phylogenetic tree based on the 135 mitochondrial barcode sequences obtained here and 28 sequences from the NCBI database revealed a well-supported monophyly for all Hemerodromia species from Thailand.
... The African species-group has a disjunct distribution, primarily confined to the Afrotropical mountains, due to its dependence on permanent flowing water, but reaches sea level in southern Africa at temperate latitudes (Sinclair, 2003a(Sinclair, , 1999a. In the Oriental region, there is only Wiedemannia (Philolutra) glaucescens (Brunetti), known from the Himalayas of India and Tibet (Wagner et al., 2004;Yang et al., 2007;Wang et al., 2015;Sinclair, 2017a). There are still undescribed species of Wiedemannia belonging to the W. lepida group from India (Punjab), Burma (Kambaiti), South Korea, Japan and Indonesia (Sinclair, 1995(Sinclair, , 1997. ...
The subgenera of Wiedemannia are poorly defined and, as such, most recently described species are not assigned to a subgenus or have been assigned to a subgenus without explanation. In this study we perform a molecular phylogenetic analysis to elucidate relationships within the genus Wiedemannia. We sequenced two mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase c subunit I and cytochrome β) and two nuclear (carbomoylphosphate synthase domain of rudimentary and elongation factor‐1α) gene fragments to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among the subgenera Chamaedipsia, Eucelidia, Philolutra, Pseudowiedemannia, Roederella and Wiedemannia (s.s.) using both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood approaches. The genus was found to be monophyletic, but most of the subgenera were not. We propose eliminating the present subgeneric division altogether. Molecular dating using a log‐normal clock model and calibration with fossil species indicated that Wiedemannia diversified about 48 Ma, while there was still land connectivity between Europe and Asia with North America. Wiedemannia has a near‐worldwide distribution apart from the Australasian and Neotropical regions and Antarctica, with greatest species richness in the western Palaearctic, especially the Mediterranean region. Molecular phylogenetics support more recent morphological studies. The subgenera of Wiedemannia are invalid and rejected. Biogeographical data suggest potential hotspots, and the current distribution is discussed.
... nov. Hemerodromia acutata is also known from Himachal Pradesh in northwest India (Wagner et al. 2004) so its range is clearly large and its occurrence in Thailand is unsurprising. In Thailand the species has been found in the northern provinces of Kamphaeng Phet and Chiang Mai ( Fig. 73) with 24 (88%) of a total of 27 specimens being taken from September to December coincident with the end of the Southwest Monsoon and with the cool dry season. ...
The genus Hemerodromia in Thailand is revised and full descriptions and keys are provided for all 25 species. Twenty
new species are recognised: H. alphalutea sp. nov., H. anisoserrata sp. nov., H. anomala sp. nov., H. attenuata sp. nov.,
H betalutea sp. nov., H. conspecta sp. nov., H. deltalutea sp. nov., H. deminuta sp. nov., H. demissa sp. nov., H. epsilutea
sp. nov., H. etalutea sp. nov., H. gammalutea sp. nov., H. isochita sp. nov., H. namtokhinpoon sp. nov., H. ocellata sp.
nov., H. oriens sp. nov., H. phahompokensis sp. nov., H. songsee sp. nov., H. systoechon sp. nov. and H. zetalutea sp.nov. Five species known previously from China are recognised: H. acutata Grootaert, Yang & Saigusa, H. flaviventris
Yang & Yang, H. furcata Grootaert, Yang & Saigusa, H. fusca Yang & Yang and H. yunnanensis Yang & Yang. Hemerodromia
songsee sp. nov. and H. fusca Yang & Yang are also recorded from Vietnam. Distribution maps of all species are
presented. Four categories of distribution patterns of apparently endemic species were identified in (1) the northern mountains
(2) the northern lowlands (3) the south, and (4) east of Thailand. Some lowland species with wide distributions in
eastern Asia were interpreted as ‘old Oriental elements’. Other montane species have wide distributions extending between
the Himalayas and southeast China. Three lowland species have an apparently obligate association with alkaline,
mineralised water courses where tufa deposition was evident. Tufa-linked assemblages of Hemerodromia may indicate a
previously unrecognised and potentially diverse habitat for aquatic Empididae in Southeast Asia. Major historical factors
determining contemporary distribution patterns were analysed in reference to a Climate History Model (Plant et al. 2012)
and included (i) latitudinal migrations in response to climatically induced changes in the distribution of habitat (ii) radiation
of high-elevation endemics from more widespread lowland forms (iii) historical connectivity and fragmentation of
hydrological networks with possible marooning of taxa in stable tufa spring systems (iv) persistence of lowland forms in
climatically ‘buffered’ stream environments during progressive aridification. Analysis of sampling methodology concluded
that hand collecting was 2,000X more efficient at collecting numbers of Hemerodromia with a species discovery rate
775X greater than that with passive trapping methods (Malaise, flight interception and pan traps etc.) although both approaches
are needed for full assessment of species richness. Consideration of the climatic, ecological and biogeographic
complexity of tropical Southeast Asia suggests that an extremely rich Hemerodromia fauna awaits discovery in the region.
... The Himalaya is a particularly good example of this. The region comprises several biodiversity hotspots including Eastern Himalaya which alone accommodates about 40 % of all known freshwater Odonata of continental Southeast Asia (Allen et al. 2010) and is also extremely rich for other stream insects (Wagner et al. 2004;Malicky 2006). The warming trend in the Himalaya is about three times faster than the world average (IPCC 2007;Xu et al. 2009). ...
... According the previous study, 6 Dolichocephala species are known to occur in China (Fig. 3). The major references dealing with the Palaearctic and Oriental Dolichocephala are as follows: Horvat (1994); Wagner (1995); Wagner et al. (2004); Yang et al. (2004);and Yang (2008). ...
The genus Dolichocephala Macquart (Diptera: Empididae) is newly recorded from Tibet, which represents the first record of the subfamily Clinocerinae from this region. A new species, Dolichocephala tibetensis sp. nov., is described. Its relationships with other species in neighboring areas are discussed. A key to the species of the genus Dolichocephala from China is presented.Se registró la presencia del género Dolichocephala Macquart (Díptera: Empididae) en el Tibet, lo que representa el primer registro de la subfamilia Clinocerinae para esta región. Se describe una nueva especie, Dolichocephala tibetensis sp. nov. Se discute su relación con las especies cercamas. Se presenta una clave para las especies del género Dolichocephala en China.
The New World species of Roederiodes Coquillett, 1901 are revised and includes the following 13 species, of which eight are new to science: R. browni sp. nov., R. chillcotti sp. nov., R. costaricensis sp. nov., R. dedota sp. nov., R. distinctus Chillcott, 1961, R. junctus Coquillett, 1901, R. lawrencei sp. nov., R. moultoni sp. nov., R. notialis sp. nov., R. recurvatus Chillcott, 1961, R. wigginsi Wilder, 1981, R. wirthi Chillcott, 1961 and R. woodi sp. nov. The following new synonyms are proposed: Roederiodes petersoni Chillcott, 1966 and R. vockerothi Chillcott, 1961 = R. junctus Coquillett, 1901. A key to all New World species is provided and their distributions mapped. COI mitochondrial DNA barcode sequences were obtained for seven Nearctic species of Roederiodes.
Here we present an intriguing new species of the Empididae genus Rhamphomyia (Pararhamphomyia) from the Kashmir Himalayas. The new species, Rhamphomyia (Pararhamphomyia) aquila, has a distinctive appearance due to its highly deformed male hind legs with extremely shortened hind tibia, a feature very peculiar in the genus. The new species is described along with elements of mating behaviour, the mechanism of male hind leg articulation, and its possible role during mating. Also, scanning electron microscopy analysis is used to elucidate the general morphology and sensilla in both sexes of the new species. Details of the male and female internal reproductive system are described and illustrated. A preliminary checklist of 55 species of the Empididae of India is provided.
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A28B850F-6A2D-4FB2-9AC3-E89015C1C5A7
http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C0249B1D-D0C8-4998-96A2-C25D3DB89810
The subfamily Clinocerinae (Empididae, Diptera) are aquatic dance flies, most commonly encountered in fast flowing rocky streams and creeks. The adults often rest on emergent rocks and are rather common in temperate regions.
The genus Heleodromia Haliday is recorded from China for the first time with the following three species belonging to the subgenus Heleodromia: Heleodromia (Heleodromia) didyma sp. nov., H. (H.) helanshana sp. nov., and H. (H.) immaculata Haliday. A key to the known species of Heleodromia from China is presented.
In disturbance ecology there is a tension between ecological and evolutionary viewpoints, because while disturbances often cause mortality in populations (an ecological effect), populations may also evolve mechanisms that ameliorate mortality risk (an evo-lutionary effect). Flash floods cause high mortality in the juvenile aquatic stage of desert stream insects, but these ecological effects may be mitigated by the evolution of life-history strategies that allow the terrestrial adult stage to avoid floods. Life-history theory predicts that, to balance trade-offs between juvenile growth and mortality risk from floods, (1) most individuals should emerge before the peak of the flood season, (2) optimal body size at emergence should decline as flood probability increases, and (3) a second decline in body size at emergence should occur as the reproductive season ends. These predictions were tested with data on body mass at and timing of emergence of the caddisfly Phylloicus aeneus measured in three montane Chihuahuan Desert (Arizona, USA) streams over two years. P. aeneus that had not reached the adult stage were eliminated from site-years that experienced flash floods, suggesting that timing of emergence is an important fitness component. On average 86% of emergence occurred before the long-term (100 yr) mean arrival date of the first seasonal flood, supporting prediction 1. The presence of two consecutive declines in body mass at emergence in most site-years was congruent with predictions 2 and 3. To test whether the two declines were associated with increasing flood probability and end of the reproductive season, respectively, maximum-likelihood methods were used to compare five body-size models: a null model that contains no parameters related to flood regime or reproductive season, a seasonal model that incorporates a reproductive time constraint, and three disturbance models that incorporate both reproductive time constraints and flood dynamics. The disturbance models outperformed the other models, suggesting that at least some of the body-mass pattern was influenced by flood dynamics. The timing of the first flood of the season was the most important determinant of observed emergence patterns. Overall, this study demonstrates that aquatic insects can compensate for flash floods by using state-dependent emergence strategies that are synchronized with long-term flood dynamics.