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The effect of a high consumption of apples or grapes on dental caries and periodontal disease in humans
Abstract
The intent of this study was to determine the effect of a high consumption of either apples or grapes on the caries experience (DMFT), and periodontal health. Farm workers employed by apple-producing, grape-producing and grain (control) producing farms in low fluoride areas (F less than 0.10 ppm) were investigated. To avoid contamination, only these farms where either apples, grapes or grain were cultivated solely, were included in the study. The caries incidence was found to be the highest for the apple group (24.2), lower for the grape group (17.4), and the lowest for the control group (9.9). The caries incidence differed statistically significantly (P less than 0.01) among the three groups. A higher caries incidence was found in the group of older subjects (35+ years) than in the 15-34 year old group. In general, for both age groups the control group showed conspicuously the highest number of dentate sextants with advanced periodontitis. Significantly less (P less than 0.01) advanced periodontitis and pocket formation could be seen in the youngest age group (15-34 years) of all three test groups. Thus, to conclude, it was found that the consumption of a high amount of apples and to a lesser degree grapes contributed significantly to dental caries. However, the above fruits had a beneficial effect on the periodontal status.
... Moynihan et al. showed that fruit consumption might be factor in the development of dental caries [48]. In contrast, two studies found that fruit consumption was significantly associated with a reduced risk of oral disease [23,49]. The consumption of specific fruits (i.e., peaches, nectarines, plums, apricots) was associated with a lower risk of tooth loss [23]. ...
... The consumption of specific fruits (i.e., peaches, nectarines, plums, apricots) was associated with a lower risk of tooth loss [23]. Grobler et al. found that the consumption of a high amount of fruits had a beneficial effect on the periodontal status [49]. Our present study supported these findings. ...
Objective:
Many previous studies have reported that fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with a reduced risk of various disease, but whether or not their consumption is associated with the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and the OHRQoL in elderly subjects by sex.
Methods:
We analyzed cross-sectional data from a population-based Kyoto-Kameoka Study in 2012 of 3112 men and 3439 women (age ≥ 65 years). The frequencies of fruit and vegetable consumption were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We evaluated the OHRQoL using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), a self-reported measure designed to assess the oral health problems in old adults.
Results:
After adjusting for age, body mass index, alcohol, smoking, education, socioeconomic status, history of disease, medication use, mobility disability, and total energy intake, a higher frequency of combined fruit and vegetable consumption showed a significant positive association with the GOHAI score in both men and women (p-trend < 0.001 in both sexes). These associations remained significant after adjustment for poor mastication and denture use (p-trend all < 0.05 in both sexes). We observed a significant positive association even when the frequencies of fruit or vegetable consumption were analyzed separately (all p-trend < 0.05 in both sexes).
Conclusions:
A higher frequency of fruit and/or vegetable consumption independently showed a strong positive association with the OHRQoL in both men and women. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
... Impaired glucose tolerance and an adverse lipid profile are seen as early as childhood and adolescence, where they typically appear clustered together with higher blood pressure and relate strongly to obesity, in particular central obesity (76,78,125,126). Raised blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidaemia also tend to be clustered in children and adolescents with unhealthy lifestyles and diets, such as those with excessive intakes of saturated fats, cholesterol and salt, and inadequate intake of fibre. ...
... Animal studies have shown that when fruit is consumed in very high frequencies (e.g. 17 times a day) it may induce caries (123,124), but less so than sucrose. In the only epidemiological study in which an association between fruit consumption and DMFT was found (125), fruit intakes were very high (e.g. 8 apples or 3 bunches of grapes per day) and the higher DMFT in fruit farm workers compared with grain farm workers arose solely from differences in the numbers of missing teeth. ...
... Impaired glucose tolerance and an adverse lipid profile are seen as early as childhood and adolescence, where they typically appear clustered together with higher blood pressure and relate strongly to obesity, in particular central obesity (76,78,125,126). Raised blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidaemia also tend to be clustered in children and adolescents with unhealthy lifestyles and diets, such as those with excessive intakes of saturated fats, cholesterol and salt, and inadequate intake of fibre. ...
... Animal studies have shown that when fruit is consumed in very high frequencies (e.g. 17 times a day) it may induce caries (123,124), but less so than sucrose. In the only epidemiological study in which an association between fruit consumption and DMFT was found (125), fruit intakes were very high (e.g. 8 apples or 3 bunches of grapes per day) and the higher DMFT in fruit farm workers compared with grain farm workers arose solely from differences in the numbers of missing teeth. ...
... Estudos epidemiológicos têm mostrado que a fruta consumida habitualmente, e na ausência de placa bacteriana, apresenta baixa cariogenicidade 16,17 . O foco das investigações mais recentes envolvendo a maça tem sido a sua influência -e de seus derivados (sucos, vinagre) -no desenvolvimento de lesões por erosão dentária 18,19,20 . ...
O presente estudo buscou avaliar a eficacia da mastigacao da maca na reducao da colonizacao bacteriana nas superficies dentarias e na concentracao de micro-organismos da saliva.Quinze voluntarios suspenderam a higiene bucal por 18 horas e consumiram uma dieta com alta concentracao de sacarose. Apos, submeteram-se ao protocolo com solucao evidenciadora, coleta de saliva, registro fotografico das arcadas e analise do Indice de Placa, antes e apos o consumo da maca. O resultado da concentracao microbiana nao apresentou diferencas significativas entre as amostras de antes e apos o consumo da fruta. A avaliacao do IPV demonstrou reducao do biofilme nas superficies livres.
RESUMO Dentre as doenças mais comuns que afetam a cavidade oral, o câncer é a terceira condição mais frequente, ficando logo após a cárie e a doença periodontal. A etiologia do câncer está associada principalmente a mutações genéticas que proporcionam mudanças nas funções celulares. Fatores comportamentais como uso do álcool e tabaco constituem os principais fatores de risco para o câncer da cavidade oral. A importância do conhecimento sobre os tipos e a etiopatogenia das neoplasias da cavidade oral implica principalmente no correto diagnóstico e na detecção de pacientes de alto risco, bem como na utilização de medidas preventivas no controle dessa doença. O planejamento e o tratamento odontológico prévio e posteriores às intervenções das neoplasias orais são de fundamental importância e nesse aspecto, a detecção de patologias, como a doença periodontal, que possam estar associadas direta ou indiretamente a essas lesões podem interferir na complexidade dessa doença e no seu tratamento.
Purpose of review
To evaluate the impact of healthy dietary patterns compared to the Western diet on periodontal indices in adults, used in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.
Recent findings
Four RCTs and seven case–control studies were included on a critical appraisal of the evidence using GRADE, based on random effects meta-analysis by methodological subgroups for periodontal indices, and a narrative synthesis. There is a clinically significant reduction on bleeding on probing, Gingival Index and periodontal inflamed surface area, Calculus and Debris Index and incidence of tooth loss on healthy dietary patterns group, with a very low to moderate certainty of the evidence. Methodological complementation between included studies allows to consider “real-world data” that RCTs ignore, which have a significant effect on this association. Although biological plausibility is reported, more studies are required to clarify these results.
Summary
healthy dietary patterns could impact on periodontal health–disease status, reducing the global burden of periodontal diseases by improving the results of the standard care actions, such as toothbrushing, interdental cleaning and periodontal therapy. Further research is required to improve the quality of the evidence.
Background: An unhealthy diet with high sugar content, use of tobacco, high consumption of alcohol, and poor oral hygiene are common factors affecting the oral health of people. This study was conducted to explore oral hygiene practices, use of tobacco, and food habits among Tharu people (the indigenous community) in the Gadi rural municipality of Sunsari, Nepal. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tharu community of Gadi rural municipality, Sunsari, Nepal, from February to August 2015, using a purposive sampling method. A face-to-face interview was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were performed using the IBM-SPSS 17.0. Results: Females were predominant (57.9%) in this study. About 86.8% of the participants used a toothbrush with toothpaste as a method of cleaning their teeth; 81.76% brushed once a day; 84.3% brushed in the morning. Almost 80% of the participants brushed their teeth using fluoridated toothpaste. The majority (75%) of the participants replied that they change their toothbrush for at least 6 months. Methods This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Tharu community of Gadi rural Results: Females were predominant (57.9%) in this study. About 86.8% of the participants used a toothbrush with toothpaste as a method of cleaning their teeth; 81.76% brushed once a day; 84.3% brushed in the morning. Almost 80% of the participants brushed their teeth using fluoridated toothpaste. The majority (75%) of the participants replied that they change their toothbrush for at least 6 months. Almost one-third (29.6%) of the participants used any type of tobacco substance. The majority (50.9%) of the participants eat fresh fruits several times a month. Abstract-Background: An unhealthy diet with high sugar content, use of tobacco, high consumption of alcohol, and poor oral hygiene are common factors affecting the oral health of people. This study was conducted to explore oral hygiene practices, use of tobacco, and food habits among Tharu people (the indigenous community) in the Gadi rural municipality of Sunsari, Nepal.
This is a seminal text uniquely dedicated to oral hard tissue pathology, presenting the growth of clinical knowledge and advancement in the field in recent years. Starting with a discussion of numerical and formative anomalies and unusual eruption, the book goes on to consider caries, erosion, resorption and toothwear, as well as tooth fractures and discolouration, and ends with a chapter on congenital syndromes with dental anomalies. Pathology of the Hard Dental Tissues is an invaluable reference for specialist practitioners and researchers as well as dental students, combining a scholarly overview of the field with clinical management protocols. Includes prevention techniques as well as treatment regimes Contains many colour clinical photographs Accompanied by a large number of references Provides helpful tables to categorise the causes and characteristics of lesions Written by a leading expert in the field.
Objectives:
This study measured the degree of demineralization of starch foods affected by hydrolyzed starch in total starch using the polyacrylamide hydroxyapatite (PAHA) disc.
Design:
A total of 10ml of test food was added to a PAHA disc and 5ml artificial saliva, followed by inoculation with 1μl of S. mutans and incubation at 37°C for 180min. The demineralization effects were then determined using CLSM.
Results:
The proportion of hydrolyzed starch in total starch in potato increased over time, while hydrolyzed starch in other test food decreased. When the amount of hydrolyzed starch in total starch increased after 180min (p=0.000), the surface roughness of the PAHA disc in potato was significantly decreased. Wheat-based sugary snacks, such as chips and cookie, had relatively high cariogenic potentials, whereas baked potato had a relatively low cariogenic potential.
Conclusions:
Hydrolyzed starch in total starch increased over time, and cariogenic potential was notably decreased. Measurement of PAHA disc may be a valid method for assessing the cariogenic potential of hydrolyzed starch foods.
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