The Evaluation of Qualitative Research Methods
... Bagi tujuan pengumpulan data, terdapat dua kaedah yang utama menerusi kajian kepustakaan secara terperinci seperti bukti-bukti dokumentasi dan bahan bertulis. Selain itu, kaedah temubual juga dilaksanakan bagi mendapatkan data primer daripada informan pakar dan berkepentingan berdasarkan ilmu, kepakaran dan pengalaman yang dimiliki berhubung topik kajian (Patton, 1990). ...
Peredaran zaman yang pantas menuntut golongan pendakwah untuk lebih kreatif dalam penyebaran agar khususnya dalam konteks akidah Islamiah. Antara golongan yang sering kali dilihat terpinggir daripada mendapatkan bimbingan yang kukuh ialah anak-anak mualaf yang kini semakin meningkat jumlahnya. Malangnya, kekurangan penggunaan media sosial dan teknologi komunikasi terkini telah menyebabkan kelemahan bimbingan yang disampaikan kepada mereka. Oleh yang demikian, matlamat penulisan kertas kerja ialah mengkaji tentang pengaplikasian teknologi dan penggunaan media sosial sebagai pendekatan dakwah semasa bagi membimbing akidah anak-anak mualaf. Kaedah kajian kepustakaan dan temu bual digunakan bertujuan mengumpul data untuk dianalisis mengikut metode analisis kandungan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa pendekatan dakwah yang boleh digunakan hendaklah bertepatan dengan fitrah dan tahap kemampuan diri anak-anak mualaf. Pendekatan bimbingan juga hendaklah selari dengan peredaran zaman kanak-kanak masa kini. Hasil kajian mencadangkan agar golongan pembimbing masa kini perlu memanfaatkan ICT sedia ada sebagai bagai alat bantu dakwah secara kreatif dan efektif. Hal ini penting bagi memastikan proses bimbingan terus berlangsung, sekali gus memperkukuhkan keimanan dan keyakinan anak-anak mualaf terhadap ajaran Islam
... Subsequently, a review was conducted to assess the coherence of the themes with the coded extracts, ensuring sufficient and relevant data to demonstrate the prevalence of each theme related to the conditioning factors in the approach and use of scientific evidence on ACKD. This process was facilitated by a thematic map, aiding in understanding the relationships between the main themes, subthemes, and codes while applying criteria for internal homogeneity within each theme and external heterogeneity between themes [32]. Finally, the final themes and subthemes were defined and refined, and the report was prepared for thematic analysis of the data [31]. ...
Background
Advanced chronic kidney disease (ACKD) is associated with a high risk of adverse cardiovascular and renal events and has a significant impact on quality of life and life expectancy. Several studies have identified areas for improvement in their management in primary care. Some professional and environmental factors can act as key barriers to appropriate care.
Objective
To analyse attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control among primary care professionals related to the implementation of an evidence-based approach for individuals with ACKD in primary care.
Methodology
This was a qualitative study using an interpretative phenomenological approach based on the theory of planned behaviour. Two aspects of the evidence-based approach were explored: the implementation of clinical practice guidelines and the utilisation of electronic kidney disease records within the scope of this study. Primary care nurses and physicians participated in a previous pilot interview and five focus groups. Subsequently, a thematic analysis of the gathered data was conducted.
Findings
Thirty-three primary care professionals participated. The emerging themes included: experiences in the management of ACKD (highlighting a distinct profile of older, frail patients with comorbidities masking CKD and a CKD follow-up primarily focused on analytical monitoring and drug adjustment); factors in the professional environment influencing the use of scientific evidence (such as time constraints, excessive electronic health records, and unfamiliar reference guidelines); attitudes towards the application of recommendations on ACKD (recognising limitations of computer systems despite considering them as guidance); and capacities to implement evidence-based recommendations (acknowledging formative needs and challenges in coordinating care with nephrology services).
Conclusions
Several psychological elements identified through the TBP hinder the adequate implementation of an evidence-based approach for individuals with CKD. Attitudes have been identified as factors modulating the use of standardised electronic records. Instead, subjective norms (influences from the professional environment) and perceived behavioral control (perception of capabilities) acted as barriers to the proper application of clinical practice guidelines and standardised records.
Implications for practice
Strategies aimed at optimising the management of people with ACKD should focus not only on training but also on improving attitudes, organisational structures, IT systems and coordination between primary care and nephrology.
... Participants. Participants consisted of key informants [29], information-rich practitioners who were purposefully selected. The inclusion criteria were as follows: participants have worked in automation-related innovations located in the airside context, specifically regarding the automation of manual work. ...
Sustained adoption of automation is a problem for organizations, despite the promised benefits of automation and the propensity for organizations to expect it to transform their workplaces. To address this problem, previous work in HCI has mostly considered the perspectives and experiences of users interacting with automation technologies and has not considered the broader organizational context consisting of different stakeholders with varying needs and expectations around automation. Taking Amsterdam Airport Schiphol as a case study, we examine the challenges faced by practitioners responsible for integrating automation projects in its airside ecosystem, in an interview study conducted with 8 participants. Our findings reveal three challenges to the adoption of automation within the organization - the lack of consensus among different stakeholders, the need to adapt the technology to the specific context, and the undefined procedures required to maintain automation after implementation, that should be further addressed by the HCI community.
... When there was a discrepancy between district records and participants' ethnoracial self-identification, we deferred to participants. To capture a diversity of views across roles and ethnoracial identity, we employed a purposive sample (Patton 1990) for participants' district roles (n p 36): 6 district leaders including the superintendent, 10 school-level administrators, and 26 teachers and school staff. Of the total sample (see table 2), 25 participants self-identified as White and 16 as persons of color. ...
... We applied thematic analysis [10] to analyze all interview data in a deductive approach [65]. Two authors, who collected the interview data, participated in this analysis process. ...
Migration and aging-related dilemmas have limited the opportunities for late-life migrants to rebuild social connections and access support. While research on migrants has drawn increasing attention in HCI, limited attention has been paid to the increasing number of late-life migrants. This paper reports a qualitative study examining the social connections and support of late-life migrants. In particular , drawing on the social convoy model, we pay specific attention to the dynamic changes of late-life migrants' social convoy, the supporting roles each convoy plays, the functions ICT plays in the process, as well as the encountered challenges and expectations of late-life migrants regarding ICT-supported social convoys. Based on these findings, we deeply discuss the role of the social convoy in supporting more targeted social support for late-life migrants, as well as broader migrant communities. Finally, we offer late-life migrant-oriented design considerations. CCS CONCEPTS • Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in HCI.
... A natureza teórica da investigação atual deve ser reconhecida, uma vez que atualmente falta a intenção de aplicar diretamente o conhecimento adquirido a situações práticas (Patton, 1990). Ao realizar um exercício de mapeamento do conhecimento, é aconselhável empregar métodos meticulosos para garantir precisão na identificação, avaliação e interpretação de estudos publicados anteriormente dentro de um campo específico. ...
Desde o século XVIII, com o advento da Revolução Industrial, a economia global tem sido dominada pelo modelo de produção vulgarmente conhecido como economia linear. Neste modelo linear, o processo envolve extrair matérias-primas do meio ambiente, fabricar bens e, em seguida, descartar os resíduos resultantes. Organizações em todo o mundo foram influenciadas pelos esforços de vários países para enfrentar as consequências da economia linear. A Economia Circular defende sistemas de produção que sejam restauradores e regenerativos, passando de um modelo linear de produção (“extrair-produzir-usar-descartar”) para um modelo circular (“extrair-produzir-usar-recuperar”). Neste viés, o objetivo deste artigo foi examinar a correlação entre a gestão de resíduos sólidos na transição para uma economia circular e a adesão aos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) das Nações Unidas 2030. Para examinar a correlação entre a gestão de resíduos, a economia circular e a Agenda 2030 da ONU, este estudo empregou uma metodologia qualitativa. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura, abrangendo artigos publicados em língua portuguesa em três bases de dados científicas: Periódicos CAPES, SciELO, SPELL e ZENODO. Seguindo o protocolo de pesquisa descrito por Cronin. Foram empregados critérios específicos para inclusão ou exclusão de artigos. Ao final, um total de 6 artigos foram revisados e analisados minuciosamente. Como resultado, o estudo sublinhou a importância da gestão de resíduos sólidos na sociedade contemporânea e enfatizaram a necessidade de abordagens interdisciplinares e integradas para enfrentar os desafios ambientais e sociais associados a esta questão. As conclusões revelaram que o Brasil ainda tem um terreno significativo a percorrer em termos de implementação de práticas eficientes e integradas de gestão de resíduos que se alinhem com os princípios delineados na Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos e na Agenda 2030. No entanto, a investigação também destacou iniciativas encorajadoras e experiências bem-sucedidas em determinados setores e regiões, que podem servir como inspiração valiosa e referências para a transição para uma economia circular.
... Aer this, we met several times to discuss the combination of similar initial codes to generate higher-level themes. During the process, we moved back and forth between codes and data to refine the themes, aiming for "internal homogeneity and external heterogeneity" [125]. Our final thematic scheme includes three primary themes: contextualizing data privacy, speculating about privacy risks, and resisting data surveillance. ...
On June 24, 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, which has led to full bans on most abortions in 14 states within one year. Many people in the U.S. use period and fertility tracking apps for reproductive healthcare and concerns have arisen about the privacy risks these apps might pose in the wake of Roe reversal. Existing literature on privacy risks of period and fertility tracking apps has primarily examined the privacy policies and practices of these apps. However, how users make sense of the privacy risks of these apps, especially in the post-Roe time, remains understudied. This study explores collective privacy sensemaking on social media, a practice in which people collectively make sense of a privacy situation. Our findings reveal how people contextualize privacy issues, speculate about the associated risks, as well as explore risk mitigation strategies. We conclude with privacy design implications for privacy design in period and fertility tracking apps and contribute insights that could inform policymaking and legal perspectives.
... In snowball sampling, the researcher asks key research participants to suggest other interviewees who have very good knowledge of the research topic (Creswell 2009;Obijiofor 2015a;Patton 2002;Small 2009, 14;Tongco and Dolores 2007). In this context, a respected Nigerian correspondent with over 30 years of experience in prominent European media organisations, facilitated the identification of other experienced correspondents knowledgeable about the research topic. ...
ABSTRACT
This research systematically and empirically examines challenges that confront Nigerian foreign correspondents, including how foreign correspondents manage the demands of their job such as pressures from senior editors at their head offices, restricted access to information and state officials, and government officials interfering with objective news reporting. The study also looks at correspondents’ accounts of their individual experiences and the strategies they deploy to circumnavigate the challenges they encounter in their professional practice. The merit of this research lies in its intent to fill existing gaps in the scholarship of foreign correspondence in Africa. Specifically, the study contributes to knowledge and understanding of foreign correspondents in Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, including an understanding of the difficult environment of journalistic practices in a non-Western country.
... Triangulation combines various information for better analysis and interpretation of situations. According to Patton, "Studies that use only one method are more vulnerable to errors linked to that particular method than studies that use multiple methods in which different types of data provide cross-data validity checks" Only two components of that procedure are interviews and observations (Patton, 1990). Although it is preferable, it is not required to add further data to what was learned from observations and interviews (Stake, 1995). ...
This mixed-method study investigates Karakoram International University students' social and academic interactions with inter-district students. Data from a survey and in-depth interviews were collected. The study found that most students felt good when interacting with non-local students, with seven having exceptional views. Communication barriers were a major issue, with many first-year students struggling to communicate with local students due to their lack of proficiency in the local language. However, quantitative data revealed positive views of inter district student interactions, with some feeling close to each other and learning each other's culture and language. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding and embracing cultural differences in interactions and fostering positive interactions between students. To improve cross-cultural interaction, respondents recommended providing more opportunities for communication, taking intercultural communication classes, and sharing class notes and assignments. Practical and theoretical consequences are presented to enhance social and academic interactions and improve intercultural communication on campus.
... Adapting the case study to this research, the researchers investigate the vocal capability of Saloma inductively through a selection of songs she had sung throughout her singing career and deductively theorise her vocal range through the analysis of the vocal register in each song. Patton (1990) states that all types of sampling in qualitative research may be encompassed under the broad term of purposeful sampling, claiming that "qualitative inquiry typically focuses in depth on relatively small samples, even single cases, selected purposefully" (169). Hence, with the case study as the research design, it only makes sense to use purposeful sampling as its sampling method, where the researchers look at certain subjects that can give more precise data. ...
Investigations on vocal registers have been a great subject of debate. Early vocal pedagogues and scholars like Bacilly (1668–1690) and Behnke (1836–1892) paved the way for the modern-day investigation to take place through the categorisation of vocal registers across various music genres such as classical, jazz, and popular. However, an investigation on the vocal registers of Puan Sri Saloma (1935–1983) as a popular music icon of Malaysia has yet to be done. This paper intends to examine Saloma’s vocal registers through vocal analysis of five selected songs using case study as its research design. These songs are transcribed using music notation software (Sibelius) and analytical diagrams using similar software are produced to show the use of chest, middle, and head registers in each song. The finding shows the usage of the said registers and a diagram of Saloma’s vocal range is then produced, proving that Saloma was an alto. This study does not intend to limit Saloma’s vocal capability, but rather to celebrate her vocal prowess and encourage other scholars to conduct further investigations concerning Saloma as Malaysia’s national songstress.
... The process of analyzing the data involved coding and categorizing the data. Following Patton's model, our analysis involved making sense of the data by reducing the volume of raw information, followed by identifying significant patterns, and finally drawing meaning from the data and subsequently building a logical chain of evidence [75]. ...
Tele-operated collaborative robots are used by many children for academic learning. However, as child-directed play is important for social-emotional learning, it is also important to understand how robots can facilitate play. In this paper, we present findings from analysis of a national, multi-year case study, where we explore how 53 children in grades K-12 ( n =53) used robots for self-directed play activities. The contributions of this paper are as follows. First, we present empirical data on novel play scenarios that remote children created using their tele-operated robots. These play scenarios emerged in five categories of play: physical, verbal, visual, extracurricular, and wished for play. Second, we identify two unique themes that emerged from the data—robot-mediated play as a foundational support of general friendships and as a foundational support of self-expression and identity. Third, our work found that robot-mediated play provided benefits similar to in-person play. Findings from our work will inform novel robot and HRI design for tele-operated and social robots that facilitate self-directed play. Findings will also inform future interdisciplinary studies on robot-mediated play.
... All participants were: 1) healthy adults; 2) employees who share an office with 3-15 co-workers; 3) from an occupation that involves collective activities; 4) not under-recovery of burnout and did not have a burnout history; 5) fluent in the English language. Participants were recruited using snowball sampling [36]: a few individuals who meet the eligibility criteria were selected initially, and they were asked to help us recruit other potentially eligible participants [11]. But they were not from the same organization. ...
... We then engaged in a thematic analysis approach to analyze 14 hours of Zoom recordings (transcribed by the online service Rev.com) and 18 pages of feld notes. In the frst stage of the analysis, we followed an opening coding approach, where one to two researchers independently conducted qualitative coding for each workshop's data (at least one of these coders was present at the corresponding workshop) [31,90,95,96,109]. During this process, coders remained receptive and looked for as many codes as possible, while keeping in mind our research questions on worker well-being, the issues that each scenario targets, and potential future changes. ...
... The participants were recruited by a purposeful sampling and snowball technique (Patton 1990), either directly by the researcher or by people working in educational organisations. The participants gathered by the purposeful sampling technique were recruited based on their knowledge or interest regarding the research topic. ...
... Pada penelitian ini fokus menguji keberhasilan interensi konseling dengan pendekatan behavioral dalam mengatasi permasalahan Penelitian ini melibatkan 1 subjek yang mengalami motivasi belajar rendah. Adapun acuan untuk memperoleh subjek penelitian ini melalui teknik purposive sampling artinya pemilihan subjek disesuaikan dengan kriteria dan tujuan penelitian (Patton, 2002). Kriteria pemilihan subjek adalah siswa yang memiliki keluhan mengalami motivasi belajar rendah, siswa terbukti mengalami motivasi belajar rendah yang tergambar dalam dinamika psikologi, dan hasil akademik yang rendah. ...
Penelitian ini mengkaji kasus motivasi belajar rendah yang ditemui pada salah satu siswi di jenjang sekolah menengah pertama yang sekaligus menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini. Subjek merupakan anak remaja perempuan yang berusia 13 tahun yang mengalami kendala dalam mengoptimalkan hasil belajarnya karena memiliki usaha dan daya juang yang rendah dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran di sekolah maupun di rumah. Keluhan para guru dan orangtua mendorong peneliti mencari alternatif penanganan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswi tersebut. Adapun alternatif yang dipilih oleh peneliti adalah memberikan konseling behavioral dengan teknik self-management untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar subjek. Konseling behavioral dengan teknik self-management ini mengkombinasikan tiga teknik yaitu teknik self-monitoring, stimulus-control, dan self-reward yang dilaksanakan selama 8 sesi konseling. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah desain eksperimental kasus tunggal (DEKT). Hasil eksperimen yang dilakukan adalah pelaksanaan konseling behavioral dengan teknik self-management terbukti mampu meningkatkan motivasi belajar subjek. Subjek secara konsisten memperlihatkan perilaku-perilaku yang mendukung proses belajarnya di sekolah maupun di rumah, misalnya subjek fokus mendengarkan penjelasan guru di dalam kelas dan jika ada tugas subjek sudah berinisitif untuk segera mengerjakan dan menyelesaikan tugas tersebut.
... Semi-structured interviews are a combination of both fixed alternative responses and being able to go deep in the relevant field (Büyüköztürk et al., 2009). A field study carried out without the limitations of predetermined categories in analysis supports the depth, clarity and elaboration of qualitative research (Patton, 2014). ...
Turks living in Greece are able to receive education in their mother tongue within the framework of minority rights. The mother tongue education of bilingual children has a significant effect on the development of the other language. The greatest responsibility in this regard lies with teachers. The experiences of the teachers who teach the mother tongue of the Turkish minority in Greece, their in-class activities, identifying problems related to curriculum and the students and finding solutions to these problems are important for the education and future of Turkish children in the region. The aim of this study is to determine the problems encountered in mother tongue education and to offer solutions by seeking the opinions of the teachers who teach Turkish in Greece about the lessons, students, in-class practices, curriculums and textbooks. “Phenomenological design”, a qualitative research method, was used in this study. The sample group consisted of 23 teachers who teach Turkish to Turkish students between the ages of 6-15 in Greece. A semi-structured interview form was used. Descriptive analysis was applied to the data obtained from the interviews.The theme, codes and categories were identified.For this study, the theme was determined as “Turkish Teaching in Greece” and the categories were identified as “Language Skills”, Reflections of Bilingualism”, “Materials – Tools and Instruments for Lessons”, “Classroom Activities which Students Enjoy” and “Problems Related to the Education System”. Findings of the research discussed general problems regarding the education of Turkish students in Greece, the impact of bilingualism, teacher proficiency, lack of materials and minority status.
... Araştırmada nitel veri toplama teknikleri ve özellikle içerik analizi konularında Yıldırım ve Şimşek (2003), Karasar (2012), Balcı (2009), Patton (1990) ve Punch (2005)'un sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri alanındaki eserlerinden yararlanılmıştır. ...
Üstün yetenekli öğrenciler, akranlarından farklı gelişim özelliklerine ve standart eğitim sistemi tarafından karşılanamayan farklı akademik ve bilişsel ihtiyaçlara sahip öğrencilerdir. Bu durum müfredatta belirli değişiklikler yaparak üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin ilgi alanlarına, öğrenme stiline ve öğrenme hızına uygun alternatif eğitim modellerinin kullanılmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitiminde yurt dışındaki uygulamalar incelendiğinde zenginleştirme, hızlandırma, gruplama ve mentorluk gibi modellerin aktif bir şekilde kullanıldığını görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitiminde mentorluk modelini incelemek ve Türkiye şartlarında uygulanabilir bir model ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada veriler literatür taraması ve odak grup görüşmeleri yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya amaçlı örnekleme metodu ile İstanbul’da üstün yetenekli öğrencilere eğitim hizmeti sunan bir devlet ve bir özel eğitim kurumu seçilmiştir. Bu kurumların paydaşları olan; idareci, öğretmen, veli ve öğrenci alt gruplarından 43 kişi ile 9 odak grup görüşmesi yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler sırasında ses kaydı alınmış ve kayıtlar transkript edilerek içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin sorunları, çözüm önerileri, mentorluğun içeriği, avantaj ve dezavantajları ile Türkiye’de mentorluğun uygulanabilirliği başlıkları altında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın son kısmında Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, Özel Eğitim ve Rehberlik Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Özel Yeteneklerin Geliştirilmesi Daire Başkanlığı bünyesinde üstün yetenekli öğrenciler için mentorluk modelinin oluşturulması teklif edilmiş ve modelin kuruluşu, mentor/hizmet alan seçimi, eşleştirme, sistemin işleyişi ve geri bildirim alma gibi konulara ait detaylara yer verilmiştir.
... The transcripts of the discussions and artwork were analyzed initially with a simple content analysis approach (Patton 1990). Once a set of draft themes had been developed an "experience-centered approach" (Squire 2008) was used, which went beyond simple content analysis to look at a "progression of themes … their transformation and resolution" (Squire 2008, 50). ...
Penelitian kualitatif memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam memahami fenomena kompleks dalam konteks sosial, budaya, dan perilaku manusia. Namun, seringkali metode ini dianggap sebagai tantangan bagi banyak peneliti karena sifatnya yang lebih subjektif dan interpretatif. Oleh karena itu, buku ini hadir untuk menyajikan panduan yang jelas, sistematis, dan praktis dalam menerapkan metode penelitian kualitatif.
Online search and brokering (OSB) is the phenomenon in which youth search for information for their immigrant families on the Internet. Few studies exist on reflecting on the past as youth conduct OSB from childhood to adolescence to young adulthood. We conducted a retrospective study using semi-structured interviews of 27 young adults (ages 19 - 24) to examine their experience and perceptions of OSB over time (primary schooling, secondary schooling, undergraduate). We found that although all the interviewees shared a common experience of being an online searcher and information broker for their immigrant families, their stories exist on various dimensions which are constantly shifting and changing over time, as ecological factors influence searching behaviors. We discuss how the results from our study can serve as future references for researchers doing work in search research and designers who are currently working on improving design tools for searching.
Researchers in the CSCW community have long problematized the separation of social and ethical considerations from design work. Despite increasing attention to tech ethics and ethics education, however, computer scientists' sense of ethical responsibility remains of concern. This paper offers insights on how this boundary between tech and ethics is maintained and reinforced for students as they develop their identities as computer scientists. Drawing on interviews with eight undergraduate computer science (CS) students at McGill University, we explore the role that ethics play in the legitimate peripheral participation of students inside and outside their formal education. We found that while individual opinions on the importance of ethics varied, students agreed that ethics are not valued or rewarded in their education, extracurriculars, or future work prospects. We describe how placing ethics outside the boundary of computing acts as a form of occupational closure, excluding both important multidisciplinary work and marginalized bodies. We argue that in order to promote ethical practice in the design of CSCW systems, we must make it in the interest of future designers to learn socially grounded ethics. This requires that designers, researchers, and future employers actively reshape the boundaries of computing by asserting social and ethical considerations as values of computing and design.
Com as reformas trabalhistas e a globalização, o modelo de trabalho freelancer despontou no mercado. No contexto do profissional de Produção Multimídia, consolidou-se como uma forma de inserção no trabalho, direcionando para uma gestão de carreira autônoma. Este artigo tem por objetivo principal identificar as influências e motivações de profissionais de Produção Multimídia ao optar pelo trabalho freelancer como forma de carreira, bem como suas percepções quanto à modalidade de microempreendedor individual (MEI) e sua formação acadêmica. Para a obtenção desses resultados, realizou-se pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa, mediante a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas on-line, com 12 discentes e egressos do Curso Superior de Tecnologia em Produção Multimídia do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina - Campus Palhoça Bilíngue. Com a análise dos dados, identificou-se que o freelancer de Produção Multimídia se motiva pela flexibilidade e remuneração proporcionada por este tipo de contratação.
The Second World War is a big event that happened in the past which involved almost all countries in the world and was recorded in the history of human life. The Nightingale is a novel set in the Second World War in France, written by Kristin Hannah. This research aims to find out and explain about historical events of the Second World War in France portrayed in The Nightingale novel using historicism. It is an approach that relates to the historical contexts themselves in understanding the history that exists in a literary work. In addition, this research also used a qualitative method was employed to fulfill the objectives of this research. The results showed that The Nightingale novel portrayed the historical events of the Second World War in France. Those descriptions of historical events were the Fall of France, Vichy in the persecution of the Jews, French resistance, and the liberation of France. In this case, the descriptions of these historical events were mostly portrayed in narration by Kristin Hannah.
Narsimhaman Committees recommends that there
should be liberalization in the Indian financial market
because capital market plays an important role in the
economy. There are so many reforms introduced by SEBI
for protecting the investors. SEBI also makes different
amendments and up gradation in the rules and regulations.
SEBI has enacted numerous reforms in an effort to learn from
the past and make the capital market a secure place to invest.
The reform process will go on and many new initiatives,
such as T+1 settlement, effective client money management,
the Cyber security Framework, stricter insider trading laws,
and developments at Gift City to make India a price-setter
in some financial products and a financial hub, will beimplemented. The main purpose to constitute SEBI is to
regulate the functions of primary market and secondary
market and also provide protection to investors, to make their
interest in capital market and also govern the functions of
intermediaries. SEBI set up as a administrative body in April
1988 and established as a statutory body in 30 January 1992.
According to preamble of SEBI act, the objective of setting
up SEBI is to protect the interest of investors in securities
and to promote the development and to regulate the Security
market. SEBI has thus three objectives or duties cast upon it
by the Act-
– To protect the interests of investors in securities,
– To promote the development of securities market,
– To regulate the securities market.
There are certain reforms to be framed to regulate the
Indian capital market and development thereof. SEBI
regulate all these reforms and development.
Tekanan ekonomi dan teknologi komunikasi memaksa media cetak mengadopsi teknologi digital dengan mengembangkan bisnis dalam jaringan (daring) atau online. Harian Republika mengubah strategi bisnisnya dengan mengembangkan media online (Republika Online). Transformasi media cetak ke media online menunjukkan apa yang disebut oleh Riger Fiddler (1997) sebagai mediamorfosis. Fidler mengajukan enam prinsip mediamorfosisnya, yaitu koevolusi dan koeksistensi, pewarisan, kelangsungan hidup, peluang dan kebutuhan, penundaan adopsi, dan metamorfosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivis, pendekatan kualitatif, dan studi kasus. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada transformasi media cetak ke media online. Media massa merupakan perusahaan yang fleksibel dan berubah karena tuntutan teknologi. Republika Online merupakan transformasi Harian Republika. Mediamorfosis ditunjukan lewat bahasa verbal dan non-verbal dalam berita, penggabungan berbagai medium penyajian berita, dan sistem yang mudah beradaptasi, tetapi kompleks.
Over 8 million children in Uganda are considered vulnerable to various forms of maltreatment, of which sexual violence is experienced by 26 girls daily. In the context of Ugandan sport, the types and magnitude of violence against child and young athletes is yet to be determined. The study aims to: (1) examine the barriers associated with prioritizing and implementing policies and programs to safeguard child and young athletes against harassment and abuse in Uganda as perceived by local stakeholders across Ugandan sport, and (2) offer a rights-based framework for implementing positive change in sport safeguarding in Uganda and other countries of similar cultural backgrounds. The study includes eleven (n = 11) purposively selected participants: athletes, coaches, medical practitioners, and policy makers, all born and living in Uganda. This is a qualitative inquiry that involves online in-depth interviews. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guides our exploratory analysis to examine context-specific barriers to better inform key recommendations for interventions. A rights-based, multi-contextual framework (TRAUMA) with multi-stakeholder engagement is proposed as a culturally tailored response for the safeguarding of child and young athletes in Uganda and other similar cultural backgrounds.
Big tech companies have had increasing control over how we work with technologies and how technologies define the work we do. In this paper, I identify the sociotechnical futures that Amazon-one of the big tech companies-envisions and the future of work that the company is moving toward. I explore the future of fulfillment centers through an analysis of the patents on fulfillment center technologies which Amazon may turn into reality one day. In my analysis, I focus on humans by asking how they are configured in the future of fulfillment centers and, more specifically, how Amazon envisions the role of human labor within work automation and AI systems. The analysis reveals where and how humans are expected to "step in" to operate the future of fulfillment centers. I discuss my findings within and beyond CSCW, highlighting the importance of studying tech companies' imaginaries. I argue that by understanding tech companies' imaginaries, it becomes possible for us to launch effective sociotechnical interventions to negotiate or even resist their specific imaginaries and/or design ways for a more democratic uptake of companies' future technologies. Finally, I articulate practical ways in which patents can be utilized in CSCW research.
Supervision of early childhood education and care (ECEC) as a part of public management – perspectives of private ECEC supervisors on supervision and the competences required by the task in municipalities The supervision of private ECEC became a new profession requiring specialisation. This study examines the perspectives of supervisors on their role and the competence required by it. The theoretical framework draws from research on public administration and management and on early childhood education management and competence. The data was collected with a questionnaire that received 43 responses. A qualitative analysis was carried out and categories were formed from the perspectives presented. The results emphasise subjective competences such as knowledge base and interaction skills. The key perspectives to the work were standards-based and partner-oriented perspectives. In supervision, different perspectives and the competences required by them are seen as interconnected and continuously interacting with each other.
The twofold purpose of this study was to: (a) analyze Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) students’ self-efficacy in teaching students with disabilities and (b) examine similarities and differences in PETE students’ self-efficacy toward teaching students with disabilities between South Korea and the United States (U.S.). Grounded in self-efficacy theory, the research design was a multiple-case study. The participants were undergraduate PETE students from South Korea ( n = 8 Korean students, 6 men and 2 women) and the U.S. ( n = 6 White students, 5 men and 1 women). Purposive (criterion) sampling was used identifying and recruiting participants. The data sources were a demographic questionnaire and interviews via Zoom technology. The data were analyzed using within-case analysis and cross-case analysis. Four major themes were exposed, which were: (a) self-efficacy differed , (b) school-based experiences , (c) education and rights , and (d) feelings and reactions . Further, there were similarities and differences in the participants’ experiences. We discussed these findings and the implications.
Abstrak Kata kunci: Mediamorfosis, kompas TV, koevolusi, konvergensi, media massa Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui transformasi media yang dilakukan oleh Kompas TV menggunakan konsep mediamorfosis yang diprakarsai oleh Roger Fidler. Proses koevolusi, konvergensi dan kompleksitas pada Kompas TV dibahas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dan menggunakan analisis isi. Adapun obyek penelitian ini adalah media komunikasi Kompas TV yang dapat diakses melalui kompas.tv.com. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pertama, Kompas TV telah merubah image dan brand dalam rangka menyediakan layanan optimasi dan otomatisasi digital berteknologi Artificial Intelligence, berkualitas, cepat dan aman. Sehingga penyedia produk virtual yang terkoneksi PPOB yang bisa diakses oleh khalayak luas. Kedua, Kompas TV melakukan aktivitas konvergensi media yaitu cooptation dengan menggabungkan teknologi informasi cetak dan media elektronik dengan format analog menjadi digital. Di bidang usahanya, corporat ini melakukan merger antara Kompas Gramedia dengan dengan PT. Trans Corparation dalam kepemilikan saham PT. Cipta Megaswara Televisi. Ketiga, terjadi perubahan kebiasaan di masayarakat saat ini dari cara konvensional membaca koran dan melihat siaran Televisi menjadi cara instan dan cepat dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi digital. Abstract Keywords: Mediamorphosi s, kompas tv, koevolution, convergency, mass media This study aims to determine the media transformation carried out by Kompas TV using the concept of mediamorphosis, which Roger Fidler initiated. The question in this research is how is the process of coevolution, convergence, and complexity in Kompas TV. This type of research is qualitative and uses content analysis. The object of this research is Kompas TV communication media accessed through kompas.tv.com. This study indicates that Kompas TV has changed its image and brand and provides digital optimization and automation services with quality, fast and safe artificial intelligence technology. So that it is a virtual product provider connected to PPOB that a broad audience can access. Kompas TV carries out media convergence activities: co-optation by combining print information technology and electronic JURNAL ILMIAH SYIAR Departement of Dakwah, UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu https://ejournal.iainbengkulu.ac.id/index.php/syiar
The teaching and learning of the production and revision of written texts in school education has internationally relied for years on the notion that written texts are autonomous objects, and that the teacher is the transmitter of the knowledge of their proper (re)structure. In recent years, writing/literacy has been understood as an interactional and social practice, and its learning has been given the meaning of a cultural collaborative process. However, the educational practice in Greece (among other countries) is still largely dominated by decontextualized perceptions, and by practices of textual production and revision. Despite their crucial importance, these perceptions and practices are hardly ever studied in academic research.
The Thesis takes as a starting point exactly this void in academic research, as well as the importance of a detailed mapping of school literacy practices as a basic requirement for understanding and changing them. Therefore, it sets out to examine the current practices for the production and revision of writing in the fifth grade of a public elementary school in Western Thessaloniki. The purpose of this exami-nation is to the shed light on the creation, formation and reflective assessment of alternative practices in this field, in the framework of an annual collaborative action research study. This research draws its theoretical context from the sociocul-tural theory of writing/literacy, and the proposal for a collective restatement of written student texts. Thus, it follows the ethnographic, sociolinguistic tradition for the study of classroom literacy as a sociocultural process.
The ethnographic interactionist micro-analysis of the discourse and practices of the classroom is supported by a thematic analysis of the reflection and the interviews of the teacher and her students. The combined findings reveal a dynamic and complex process of the emerging classroom-discourse community from decontextual-ized literary practices towards social, interactive and reflective ones. The key factors which help interpret and explain the course of such a shift are: (a) the dynamic na-ture of the negotiating interactive dialogue between the teacher, the children and the texts, in a variety of literacy events with a specific social meaning and goal; (b) the flexible use of multiple learning-tools and sources which favoured not only re-flection but also the review of the meanings of texts and of their relations with their social contexts-recipients; and (c) the continuous reshaping of the total language-culture of the classroom as a community of practice, and, at the same time, of perceptions, relations and participants' identities as members of the writing community and as individuals-writers.
These research findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexity of the sociocultural factors which shape the changes in the production and revision practices of the written text and in the opportunities of learning written texts as contextualized social and communicational actions. They confirm that these changes are laborious and time consuming. At the same time, they highlight that such changes can be achieved through collaborative reflective structures that can be ap-plied even in the most difficult school and social conditions. Finally, the findings lead to the conclusion that these much needed changes can indeed reshape the roles of educational subjects, rendering them, through new ways of using writing, agents in historically situated textual, personal and social revisions and reforms.
The current study looked at the influence of different L1s, different proficiency levels, and other factors on the think-alouds in connection with oppositional speech acts by eighty tertiary-level Korean and Chinese learners of L2 English at two proficiency levels. The research instruments consisted of think-aloud protocols elicited during the learners’ production of written oppositional speech acts in the form of responses to the other learners’ essays, questionnaires, and focus group interviews. In particular, in the think-aloud protocols the number and content of pragmatic-related episodes (PREs) were identified. The results indicated that proficiency level, but not L1, significantly impacted the learners’ think-alouds. Other factors were revealed to include intensification of claims, focus on face issues, pragmatic transfer, and insufficient syntactic/semantic knowledge. These factors related to the sub-categories of the PREs involving ‘lexical upgrading’ and ‘external downgrading’.
Research exploring how to support decision-making has often used machine learning to automate or assist human decisions. We take an alternative approach for improving decision-making, using machine learning to help stakeholders surface ways to improve and make fairer decision-making processes. We created "Deliberating with AI", a web tool that enables people to create and evaluate ML models in order to examine strengths and shortcomings of past decision-making and deliberate on how to improve future decisions. We apply this tool to a context of people selection, having stakeholders---decision makers (faculty) and decision subjects (students)---use the tool to improve graduate school admission decisions. Through our case study, we demonstrate how the stakeholders used the web tool to create ML models that they used as boundary objects to deliberate over organization decision-making practices. We share insights from our study to inform future research on stakeholder-centered participatory AI design and technology for organizational decision-making.
A total of 82.4 million persons had emigrated from their countries by the end of 2020 because of global conflicts. A total of 3.6 million settled in Turkey, which became the most refugee-receiving country. Among those resettled in Turkey, the majority were school-aged children, and schools became an inseparable instrument in the adaptation process. Thus, schools play a vital role in creating a safe space for healing; through students, schools also contribute to building solidarity and collective responsibility for the social inclusion of refugees. Schools’ guidance services are key in working with the school’s stakeholders. This study aims to analyze the needs and issues of schools with high refugee density in different parts of Turkey from the school counselors’ perspectives. Using a semistructured interview protocol, we interviewed fifteen school counselors from seven different cities, and three main themes emerged: (a) student-related issues, (b) contextual issues, and (c) response strategies. Findings indicate that refugee-receiving schools need to attend to students and families, as well as deal with conflicts among Syrians and conflicts between Syrians and locals, with limited resources.
Hat die Coronapandemie samt ihren veränderten gesellschaftlichen Freiheitsbedingungen Einfluss auf die Autonomie von Frauen genommen? Und wie reflektieren Frauen, denen allgemein eine größere Belastung durch z. B. durch gesundheitliche Folgen der Pandemie und sorge- sowie lohnarbeitsbezogenen Aufgaben zugerechnet wird, ihre Autonomiechancen während der Krise? Die Analyse orientiert sich an vier theoretischen Komplexen, die mit dem Pandemieerleben verbunden werden: (1) neue Bedingungen für Freiheit und Autonomie, (2) Belastungen für Frauen, (3) persönliche Neuausrichtung und Selbstbestimmung sowie (4) die Rolle digitaler Technologien und Künstlicher Intelligenz. Der Beitrag, der auf qualitativen Interviewdaten basiert, zeigt, dass die befragten Frauen sich nicht in singulären Lebenspraktiken verorten, sondern während und jenseits pandemischer Zeiten Gemeinschaft als zentralen Wert erachten, der Sinn stiftet. Die Pandemie hat, wenn sie auch Situationen der Fremdbestimmung evoziert hat, für die Frauen daher keinen tiefgreifenden Einfluss auf ihr eigenes Autonomieerleben. Vergeschlechtlichte Prinzipien der Organisation von Sorgearbeit (Care) wurden überraschenderweise kaum problematisiert, auch die Rolle von Digitalität und künstlicher Intelligenz scheint die Autonomiepraxis in der Praxis nur peripher zu berühren; die Suche nach Autonomie ist vielmehr eine andauernde persönliche Aufgabe und Herausforderung im Leben der Frauen.
Leadership has become a complex, difficult subject with various facets for organisations, as it involves challenges regarding the best style for leaders to adopt. This study aims to analyse of how the different leadership styles, presented throughout the various stages of the entrepreneurial process (discovery, application, implementation and growth), can influence this type of process in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) context. To this end, qualitative research of an exploratory nature was undertaken, based on four Portuguese SMEs (case studies) from different sectors. Data was collected from interviews with leaders and followers in the four SMEs selected, as well as through documentary analysis. From content analysis, the empirical evidence obtained leads to the conclusion that there is not just only one leadership style followed by the SMEs analysed in the different stages of the entrepreneurial process. However, the transactional style of leadership was identified in two stages of that process: in discovering the idea and implementing the idea. At the second stage of the entrepreneurial process, application of the idea, transformational style was identified, and at the final stage (growth) two leadership styles emerged: participative style and relational style. Therefore, the study contributes to advancing knowledge in the area, by demonstrating how the style of leadership affects and influences not only the entrepreneurial process but also followers’ behaviour and attitudes. In addition, this study suggests that sometimes entrepreneurship and leadership are used as interchangeable terms in entrepreneurial process.
The Oxford Handbook of Ethnographies of Crime and Criminal Justice provides critical and current reviews of key research topics, issues, and debates that crime ethnographers have been grappling with for over a century. Despite its long and distinguished history in the social sciences, ethnographies in criminology are still relatively rare. Over the years, however, ethnographers in the United States and abroad have amassed an impressive body of work on core criminological topics and groups, including gang members, sex workers, drug dealers, and drug users. Ethnographies on criminal justice institutions have also flourished, with studies on police, courts, and prisons providing deep insights into how these organizations operate and shape the lives of people who encounter them. This volume brings together a stellar group of ethnographers to discuss various research traditions that crime ethnographers have adopted, the ethical and pragmatic challenges associated with conducting crime-related fieldwork, relevant policy recommendations for practitioners in the field, and areas of future research for budding crime ethnographers. In addition to exhaustive overview chapters, the handbook also presents case studies that serve as exemplars for how ethnographic inquiry can contribute to our understanding of crime and criminal justice related topics.
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