Yus Aniza Yusof

Universiti Putra Malaysia | UPM

This study focuses on the development of a functional yoghurt oral film strip with antibacterial properties and probiotics [(Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus), Lactobacillus bulgaricus (L. bulgaricus), and Lactococcus cremoris (L. cremoris)] using a pectin/glycerol mixture. The tensile characters, colour, physiochemical characters, in vi...

Spray-drying transforms functional yogurt into yogurt powder quickly and efficiently, maintaining product quality and enhancing storage stability. This process also adds value to the product. The study aimed to develop spray dried functional yoghurt powder encapsulating probiotics (Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus), Lactobacillus bulgari...

We focused on assessing the antimicrobial effects of functional yoghurts supplemented with clove and probiotics. The formulation of aqueous clove extract (ACE) incorporated with probiotic yoghurt (Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Lactococcus lactis) was optimised in terms of aqueous clove extract concentrations (2.5–7.5% v/...

BACKGROUND The nutritional composition of stingless bee honey (SBH) can be affected by different climates and soil composition across different geographical areas. However, the range of attributes set for a honey quality standard should be inclusive. This study analysed the sugar profile's physiochemical properties, including quantifying the rare s...

Camel milk is considered an essential source of nutrition and an effective remedy with healing properties in treating several diseases. Shubat, a fermented drink made from camel milk, contains easily digestible proteins, determining its nutritional value. Meanwhile, few studies have analysed the fatty and amino acid composition of Bactrian camel mi...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignancy and the third primary cause of cancer-related mortalities caused by unhealthy diet, hectic lifestyle, and genetic damage. People aged ≥ 50 are more at risk for CRC. Nowadays, bioactive compounds from plants have been widely studied in preventing CRC because of their anticancer and antioxidant pr...

In this paper, we investigated growth of GaN and Al0.09Ga0.91N epilayer grown on silicon (111) by using II MBE system. The major characterization tools used for this study were high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), and micro photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Also reported is our attempt to fabricate and characterize metalsemiconductor-metal...

This study introduced a D-optimal design mixture to assess the physicochemical properties of a hydrocolloid-based functional food fortified with C. lentillifera. The combination incorporated vital jelly constituents, including extract (10–15%), sweeteners (20–29%), gelling agents (k-carrageenan and locust bean gum (LBG)), and preservatives (0–0.05%...

Applying energy supplements in gel form may circumvent gastric discomfort and thus it is a practical alternative. The main objective of this investigation was to develop date-based sports energy gels consisting of highly nutritious ingredients such as black seed (Nigella sativa L.) extract and honey. Three date cultivars (Sukkary, Medjool, and Safa...

The flowability and compressibility properties were determined for two types of cocoa powders, which are used commercially in chocolate industries; alkalized and natural cocoa powders. Physical and flow properties have a very significant role in the flow behavior, which relates to the handling, transportation, and storage of bulk powders. Throughou...

Sonication is a relatively new and eco-friendly method used to extend the shelf life of food products. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ultrasonication and thermal treatments on the physical and sensory properties of an energy drink made from dates during cold storage at 4 °C. The study compared the effects of ultrasonication for 20,...

Kelulut (stingless bee) honey (KH) possesses a wide range of benefits for human consumption and can exhibit medical effects. Due to its high value, this premium honey is often adulterated with different types of cheaper sugars, causing low nutrients and potential food safety threats in the final product. This study aims to determine the physicochem...

The thermal process of green amaranth leads to the partial or complete degradation of chlorophyll pigments and loss of green colour due to the formation of chlorophyll derivatives. This study aimed to evaluate a stabilisation process utilising metal ions to obtain a stable green colour of metal-chlorophyll derivative complexes. In this study, the e...

The moisture sorption isotherms of Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans) herbal leaves were established at three different temperatures of 30°C, 40°C, and 50°C, and water activity between 0.3–0.9 using a static gravimetric method. The results showed that equilibrium moisture content of C. nutans increased with increasing water activity at a constant temp...

A Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer was used to investigate the effect of using different bleaching agents during the bleaching process on the functional group of cellulose obtained from Leucaena leucocephala pods. The spectra showed that fiber treated with 5 % sodium hypochlorite (NaCIO) showed a similar functional group with the commercial...

This study authenticated fish feed sources and determined lard adulteration using dataset pre-processing, principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA) and partial least square regression (PLSR) on 19 triacylglycerols (TAGs) and 16 thermal properties (TPs). At cumulative variability (90.625%) and Keiser-Meyer Olkin (KMO) value (0.8...

The expansion of worldwide aquaculture has been accompanied by extensive growth in the fish feed industry. However, improper labelling of many commercially available fish feeds has raised security and safety concerns over the species' origin of the ingredients. The inclusion of ruminants-derived ingredients in fish feed is prohibited according to E...

Nanocrystalline cellulose has gained much attention from the researcher. It provides many applications such as polymer additive, packaging, and tablet filler. This review established the recent isolation method of nanocrystalline cellulose from agricultural by-products, aiming to reduce waste that will affect the environment. The current nanocrysta...

Nanocrystalline cellulose has gained much attention from the researcher. It provides many applications such as polymer additive, packaging, and tablet filler. This review established the recent isolation method of nanocrystalline cellulose from agricultural by-products, aiming to reduce waste that will affect the environment. The current nanocrysta...

Stingless bee honey is well-known for its high content of moisture compared to Apis mellifera honey. This study aimed to investigate the influence of different temperatures used to reduce moisture content in honey using clay pots. The Geniotrigona thoracica honey was kept in clay pots for 10 days at 25 °C and 35 °C, and the changes in its propertie...

Cempedak' powder was produced by spray-drying of juice produced from Celluclast ® 1.5 L-treated 'cempedak' fruit puree, to which 15% (w/w) maltodextrin DE 10 and 0.66% (w/w) calcium phosphate have been added. Spray-drying took place at an inlet air temperature of 160 °C. The powder was packed in aluminum-laminated polyethylene pouches and subjected...

Clinacanthus nutans herbal leaf was dried using an infrared dryer under different power levels (100 W, 200 W, and 300 W) and at different distances between infrared source and samples (10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm). Results showed that the drying rate increased when power levels increased and distances decreased. There were found that Midili and Kucuk,...

This study authenticated fish feed sources and determined lard adulteration using dataset pre-processing, principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA) and partial least square regression (PLSR) on 19 triacylglycerols (TAGs) and 16 thermal properties (TPs). At cumulative variability (90.625%) and Keiser-Meyer Olkin (KMO) value (0.8...

Sweet potato starch (SPS) films from local Malaysia varieties particularly, VitAto (orange-fleshed) and Anggun (purple-fleshed) were developed to characterize the physical, mechanical, thermal, and antimicrobial properties. The SPS films were fabricated by solvent casting technique, incorporating different types and concentrations of plasticizer in...

Purpose The purpose of this research is to produce “cempedak” juice using enzyme aided-liquefaction by examining the effects of enzyme types (Pectinex® Ultra SP-L, Celluclast® 1.5 L and Fungamyl® 800 L), enzyme concentrations (0–1.5% v/w), incubation time (0–2.5 h) and incubation temperature (35–60 °C) on juice yield and viscosity, total soluble so...

The demand for vegetable powder has been escalating considerably due to its various health benefits and higher shelf life compared to fresh green leafy vegetables. Thus, much research emphasised manufacturing vegetable powder at a lower operational cost and higher efficiency while preserving the nutritive values of the vegetables. In this study, zi...

Background: ‘Kedondong’ fruit is regarded as an exotic fruit that is gaining popularity due to its deliciousness and pleasant flavour. However, this fruit has a short shelf life, leading to problems with postharvest loss. In order to prevent losses, the fruit could be produced as a value-added product. In this study, the ‘kedondong’ fruit was pres...

This study aims to develop a controlled release oil palm empty fruit bunch hemicellulose (EFB-H) inhibitor tablet for mild steel in 1 M HCl. As plant extracts tend to deteriorate at longer immersion time, limiting its industrial applicability, we attempted to lengthen the inhibition time by forming a controlled release inhibitor tablet. Electrochem...

The gelation properties of pectin from jackfruit waste were investigated and compared with those of analytical and commercial grade pectin gels. Gels produced from jackfruit waste pectins with various concentrations of sucrose (45%–60%), pectin (0.5% and 1%), and pH level (1–3), were investigated for their gelation properties. Pectins from jackfrui...

Camel milk is a valuable source of protein and nutrients, it has therapeutic and prophylactic properties. The production of dry dairy products based on camel milk implies prolonging its shelf life, a decrease in the cost of its transportation and storage. To manufacture dry camel milk, it is necessary to optimize the technological parameters of dry...

In food packaging, smart indicator films based on natural resources have greatly attracted researchers to minimize the environmental issues as well as to satisfy consumer preferences for food safety. In this research, pH-sensitive films were prepared using purple-fleshed sweet potato starch (SPS) and sweet potato peel (SPP). Two categories of the f...

Sago (Metroxylon sagu), cassava (Manihot esculenta) and taro (Colocasia esculenta) are potential sources of carbohydrate in lieu of corn starch because of they can easily be grown as crops in Malaysia. We investigated the effects of these starch sources on the growth, feed utilisation efficiency, body composition, and liver and intestine histology...

Malaysian ginger is one the sought herbs that contains a lot of beneficial properties that could contribute to health. However, most usage of ginger from its fresh form which is prone to microorganisms’ spoilage. Therefore, effects of shade, sun, oven, vacuum oven, and freeze drying on phytochemical contents, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP...

Kuini powders were obtained through spray-drying, freeze-drying, vacuum oven drying and convection oven drying. Colour, water activity (Aw), moisture content, hygroscopicity, wettability, flowability, degree of caking, water solubility index (WSI), total colour change, total phenolic content and total carotenoid content of Kuini powders were determ...

Fish oil is a common source of fat in fish feed production. However, there is a tendency to substitute fish oil with other fats such as lard to reduce production costs. Thus, an efficient method for lard detection is highly needed for fish feed’s authenticity. In this study, sn-2 fatty acids (sn-2 FAs) and fatty acid (FA) compositions were incorpor...

The herbal powders included Andrographis paniculata, Eurycoma longifolia, Labisia pumila, and Orthosiphon stamineus are well known due to their therapeutic properties and usually consumed as herbal supplement that is available in different forms. The aim of this work was to investigate the compaction, flowability, and dissolution kinetics of select...

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) in the form or raw, HCl treated and NaOH treated powders were investigated for their inhibitive effects on mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid medium via gravimetric and surface analysis. Weight loss analysis revealed that the inhibition efficiency is the highest for HCl treated powder (85.66 %), followed by raw O...

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics relies on dedicated software for peptide and protein identification. These software include open-source or commercial-based search engines; wherein, they employ different algorithms to establish their scoring and identified proteins. Although previous comparative studies have differentiated the proteomics results...

Background: 'Cempedak' (Artocarpus integer) is an aromatic fruit which is similar to jackfruit. Although it is rich in vitamin A and is consumed fresh, the fruit has a short shelf life. Hence, it can be converted through a spray-drying process, to form powder, which is more stable. Powder flow properties are important when considering storage, whi...

Background: Biodegradable food packaging has improved in quality with recent research incorporating natural extracts for functionality purposes. This research aims to develop chitosan film with Chrysanthemum morifolium essential oil to improve the shelf life of fresh raw chicken and beef. Methods: 1.5% (w/v) chitosan films with Chrysanthemum mor...

Background. Biodegradable food packaging has improved in quality with recent research incorporating natural extracts for functionality purposes. This research aims to develop chitosan film with Chrysanthemum morifolium essential oil to improve the shelf life of fresh raw chicken and beef. Materials and methods. 1.5% (w/v) chitosan films with Chrysa...

Mature pods of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit were utilized as raw material for nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) production. NCC’s isolation begins with L. leucocephala fiber’s alkaline treatment with sodium hydroxide, followed by bleaching treatment at three different percentages (3%, 5%, and 7%) of sodium hypochlorite. Acid hydrolysis was the...

There are many types of metal oxide nanostructure and one of them is zinc oxide (ZnO). Despite of vast field of application for this material, the fabrication process of nanostructure (ZnO) is rather costly or complicated due to exotic equipment or reagent required. To the leading of our understanding, there are no details about synthesizing the bu...

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a powerful tool to study the molecular level working mechanism of corrosion inhibitors in mitigating corrosion. In the past decades, MD simulation has emerged as an instrument to investigate the interactions at the interface between the inhibitor molecule and the metal surface. Combined with experimental measur...

In this study, extracted cellulose fibres were successfully isolated from Leucaena leucocephala pods through an efficient alkaline treatment and bleaching method using different bleaching agents such as 5 wt.% of sodium chlorite (NaClO 2 ), 5 wt.% of oxalic acid (C 2 H 2 O 4 ), 5 wt.% of potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) and 5 wt.% of sodium hypochl...

‘Cempedak’ (Artocarpus integer) is an aromatic fruit that looks similar to jackfruit. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the spray-drying process to produce ‘cempedak’ fruit powder, with inlet air temperature (140–180 °C) and maltodextrin (DE 10) concentrations (5–15% w/w) as independent variables. Statistical analysis revealed that...

High moisture content (>20%) in stingless bee (kelulut) honey contributes to many undesirable reactions that deteriorate the quality of the honey. This study proposed an alternative method to facilitate moisture reduction in Geniotrigona thoracica honey using unglazed clay pots with different surface diffusion areas. Stingless bee honey with an ini...

‘Cempedak’ fruit, an aromatic fruit that has a short shelf life can be converted into powder through spray-drying process. However, the spray-dried powder that was obtained had a high tendency to cake. Hence, three different anti-caking agents (calcium silicate, silicon dioxide, and calcium phosphate) were added separately at a concentration of 1.5...

“Cempedak” is an aromatic fruit, which can be converted into powder with a longer shelf life. The effects of different drying methods (spray‐drying, freeze‐drying, convection oven‐drying, and vacuum‐drying) on “cempedak” powders produced were evaluated in their physicochemical properties (moisture content, water activity, wettability, flowability,...

Starches from three local crops (sago, Metroxylon sagu; cassava, Manihot esculenta; and taro, Colocasia esculenta) were tested as replacements for corn starch in the production of extruded feed for the Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides. Four test feeds were formulated to contain 40.00% protein and 23.44% starch, and extruded using a single-screw ex...

In this study, sodium alginate film incorporated with mulberry leaf extract [0-4 % (v/v)] were evaluated in terms of its physicochemical properties. Results showed that with the increase of mulberry leaf extract concentration, the thickness of the film increased (from 0.07 mm to 0.11 mm), while the color of film produced increased in its green and...

Bioactive edible films have the potential to be probiotic carriers. This innovative approach can replace plastic packaging and can benefit human health. This study demonstrated the incorporation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) into whey protein isolate (WPI) and sodium caseinate (NaCas) edible films. Probiotic cells were directly incorporated i...

Gelatin and collagen are considered halal-critical ingredients as they are typically derived from either bovine or porcine animals. Current analytical methods for determining the sources of gelatin and collagen suffer from limitations in terms of robustness and false positives in peptide matching. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the...

A carbonation process to control the specific surface area of mesoporous calcium carbonate and the dissolution profile of ferulic acid on mesoporous carbonate particles are presented. The effects of water content on the physicochemical properties, specific surface area, pore size, crystallinity, and morphology are evaluated. Mesoporous calcium carb...

The storage shelf life of brews has become progressively important in recent years for the beverage’s manufacturers. The objectives of this study were to investigate the proximate composition and mineral contents of the proposed roasted date seeds powders, to model the kinetic changes in the properties of the brews during storage and to establish a...

BACKGROUND Coconut sugar has a caramel color with a taste like brown sugar. It is commonly used as natural sweetener. However, coconut sugar has been produced from coconut sap using a traditional method that involves heating the sap at high temperature (>100 °C) in an open pan for a long period (3–5 h). This conventional method results in an over‐c...

Edible film can be used to replace the usage of non-biodegradable packaging material to reduce environmental pollution. In this study, three types of polysaccharide-based edible films including chitosan, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were made and compared for their physical, mechanical and chemical properties. Sodium alginate h...

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) sugar is a more nutritious alternative sugar source as compared to sugar palm (Borassus flabellifer) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). This work was aimed to investigate the browning index (BI), vitamin profile and antioxidant properties of coconut sap sugar syrups, which were produced by different processing met...

Arabic gum is derived from the exudation of stems and branches of Acacia senegal L. and it is widely used as a food additive. The application of Arabic gum as a functional food ingredient is significantly increasing. However, there is limited information on the effects of particle size on the handling and processing of Arabic gum in the industry. T...

Geniotrigona thoracica (G. thoracica) stingless bee honey contained high moisture that can easily lead to fermentation process. The high moisture content of stingless bee honey could lead to unwanted fermentation and crystallization form. Hence, it will affect the quality of honey in terms of acidic taste and undesirable appearance. To make sure st...

This study was carried out to compare the antioxidant and nutritional properties of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) sap with other natural sources of sugar such as sugar palm (Borassus flabellifer) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Coconut sap and juice from sugar palm and sugarcane were analyzed for proximate composition, pH and total soluble...

A kinetic study was conducted to account for the changes occurring in color, firmness, weight loss, and total phenolic content of tomatoes subjected to combined ultrasound technology (40 kHz, 13.78 W/L) and ultraviolet‐C radiation (639.37 µw/cm2) treatment for 28 min. Combined treatment delayed ripening, increased firmness, weight loss, and induced...

Palm date seeds can be a potential source to prepare a decaffeinated coffee-like brew and to produce oil. Hence, the objectives of this work are to model the changes in colour and hardness of date seeds during roasting process, as well as to study the effects of roasting conditions on the total specific grinding energy and the oil extraction yield...

Stingless bee honey from Heterotrigona itama exhibits a high moisture content (>27.0%) and therefore, is highly susceptible to undesirable microbial fermentation unless it is reduced to less than 20%. This study aims to reduce the moisture content of honey using a novel method based on passive diffusion and monitor the subsequent changes in several...

In this study, papaya (Carica papaya) peel was dried using convection oven and microwave drying methods to investigate the drying kinetics and the drying behavior in the attempt to search for a feasible way to utilize waste peel. Three different drying temperatures (45, 55, and 65 o C) and microwave powers (250, 440, and 600 W) were applied to dry...

A comparison study in terms of inhibition performance between oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) extract and OPEFB powder against mild steel corrosion in 1 M hydrochloric acid was evaluated using weight loss technique and adsorption isotherms. OPEFB extract and powder were prepared at various concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0% (v/v)...

Dietary fibre enriched food is gaining more popularity due to their numerous health benefits. In this study, papaya peel powder was prepared as a source of dietary fibre to be fortified in yogurt at different concentrations (1.5 and 3.0 % w/w). Papaya peel was dried at three different temperatures (45, 55 and 65°C) and the results showed that dryin...

Developing a bioactive brew is a novel track for revalorization of palm date byproducts. The effect of roasting temperature (160, 180 and 200 • C) and roasting time (10, 20 and 30 min) on the hardness of the roasted date seeds, moisture content of the defatted roasted date seed powder (DRDSP), bulk density of the DRDSP, color parameters of DRDSP, q...

The oils obtained from three Indonesian avocado (Persea americana) cultivars namely Merah bundar, Ijo bundar and Ijo panjang, were compared to the oils obtained from imported Fuerte and Shepard avocado varieties in terms of lipid characteristics and tocopherol content. The oils of all avocado varieties existed in a semisolid form, except that of th...

The oils obtained from three Indonesian avocado (Persea americana) cultivars namely Merah bundar, Ijo bundar and Ijo panjang, were compared to the oils obtained from imported Fuerte and Shepard avocado varieties in terms of lipid characteristics and tocopherol content. The oils of all avocado varieties existed in a semisolid form, except that of th...

Kelulut honey was dehydrated at 40, 55, and 70°C up to 84 h in a dehydrator. The changes of its properties and qualities in terms of moisture content, water activity, hygroscopicity, moisture adsorption isotherm, colour intensity, total phenolic content (TPC), viscosity, glass transition temperature (Tg), surface stickiness, hydroxymethylfurfural (...

This research was conducted to investigate the compaction performance and mechanical strength of compacted urea fertilizer in unlubricated and lubricated die systems. The ground urea 46% N fertilizer was compacted in a 13 mm flat-face cylindrical die set in both unlubricated and lubricated die systems with vegetable fatty acids and magnesium steara...

Curcuma longa L., commonly known as turmeric, is a member of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), native to Southwest India. Curcumin is the active ingredient of the turmeric. In traditional Indian medicine, turmeric has been used to treat stomach and liver ailments, as well as topically to heal sores, for its supposed antimicrobial property. The cur...

Soursop is a tropical fruit that undergoes postharvest deterioration rapidly. Conversion into powder is an ave nue to value-add the fruit as it helps to reduce postharvest losses. Although powder production is not complicated, studies have shown that caking is a common problem often associated with fruit powders. Thus, an addition of a food additiv...

Authenticity of food is of great importance to ensure food safety and quality, and to protect consumer rights. A rapid and accurate method for authentication of edible bird’s nest (EBN) was proposed by using nutritional profile and chemical composition, and pattern recognition analysis. The authentication of EBN includes identification and classifi...

Citrus waste is solid residue that remains after fresh fruits are squeezed for their juices. Pakistan is among the top ten citrus producing countries in the world. Pakistan is contributing 2.16 million tons per annum in fruit waste generation. Fresh food waste is often used locally to feed animals as milk enhancer. When fresh fruit are squeezed, a...

The effects of a novel technology utilizing a simultaneous combination of Ultraviolet-C radiation and ultrasound energy postharvest treatment on tomato bioactive compounds during 28 days’ storage period was investigated by varying Ultraviolet-C radiation intensities of 639.37 or 897.16 µW/cm2 at a constant ultrasound intensity of 13.87 W/L from a 4...

Four different DNA protocols were compared to obtain the best method for DNA extraction of bees in honey samples. The efficiency was evaluated in terms of DNA concentration and purity, PCR amplification capacity targeting mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, and execution time. The most efficient DNA extraction method was selected using simple additive wei...