Young Azuamah

Federal University of Technology Owerri | FUTO · Department of Optometry

Plasmodium falciparum is the parasite responsible for most malarial infections in Nigeria. Malaria is the most widespread parasitic infectious disease in the world. This study aimed to determine the effect of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection on the amplitude of accommodation (AA) in young adults. The study was a prospective laboratory and cl...

Plasmodium falciparum is the parasite responsible for most malarial infections in Nigeria. Malaria is the most widespread parasitic infectious disease in the world. This study aimed to determine the effect of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection on the amplitude of accommodation (AA) in young adults. The study was a prospective laboratory and cl...

Comparison of central corneal thickness amongst pre-menopausal, menopausal and post-menopausal women

Exposure to air pollutants can result to environmental lung diseases. This study was a cross-sectional study carried out at Umuahia metropolis, SouthEastern Nigeria to measure the level of outdoor air pollutants and assess the occurrence of environmental lung diseases among residents. An informed consent was obtained from all the participants in th...

This study is a cross-sectional survey to isolate and identify the causes of bacterial and fungal external eye infections among children in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. It also considered the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the organisms identified. Ocular samples of the discharge and corneal scrapings were collected from infected eyes of 460...

This study which is a prospective cross-sectional survey ascertained the distribution of bacterial and fungal external eye infections among children attending the Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Southeast Nigeria. Owerri comprises Owerri Municipal, Owerri West and Owerri North Local Government Areas. The sample population w...

A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of the eye that can lead to a reduction in vision and visual functions. This study was a clinical study aimed at determining the effect of cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implant on contrast sensitivity, color vision and photostress recovery time. A total of 70 patients who visited Ajeromi Gen...

Occupational respiratory diseases can occur at the workplace when workers inhale gaseous pollutants. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in 2 urban centers of Abia State, Nigeria to investigate the knowledge and awareness of residents to occupational respiratory diseases. The simple random sampling technique was adopted t...

The cause of death can be determined by performing an autopsy. This study reviewed the autopsy pathology performed on a 54 year old woman who died of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. The autopsy was performed at Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria. She presented with fever and generalized body weakness of one week duratio...

Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial chronic optic neuropathy, characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGC), leading to structural damage to the optic nerve head (ONH), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), with visual field defects. This study was carried out at the Department of Optometry Teaching Clinic, Federa...

Blood glucose monitoring is a way of testing the concentration of glucose in the blood. Tears are clear, salty, slightly alkaline and watery substance which helps in seeing clearly and maintaining the health of the eyes. This study was carried out to determine the correlation of blood glucose level and tear production among young adult women. A tot...

An autopsy was performed at Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria on a 58 year old woman who was known to be diabetic and hypertensive. Results of autopsy findings showed that the external description was cachectic, severely pale, cyanosed and jaundiced. The thorax, abdominal and pelvic organs were in their normal anatomic position....

Exposure to air pollutants by outdoor workers can predispose them to renal diseases. This study was carried out in Abia State Nigeria to assess the blood pressure and forced vital capacity (FVC) values of general outdoor workers. Measurement of blood pressure was taken with an electronic sphygmomanometer while the forced vital capacity was measured...

An Autopsy is performed on a dead body primarily to determine the cause of death. Two autopsies of death from hypertensive cardiovascular disease were performed at Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria. The first autopsy was on a 51 year old man diagnosed about 12 years before his death with hypertension. Autopsy report after his de...

Universal, affordable and sustainable access to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) is a key public health issue. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between sanitation practices and occurrence of water-borne enteric diseases among residents in Ihechiowa community, Arochukwu L.G.A., Southeastern Nigeria. The study was a...

Near lateral phoria is common among individuals and can lead to visual problems. It could be in the form of exophoria or esophoria. This study was a clinical study carried out at the Department of Optometry Teaching Clinic, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. An informed consent was gotten from all the subjects who were pa...

Pterygium is a wing-shaped fibrovascular proliferation that develops over the conjunctiva. This study was carried out to compare the tear production among adult patients with pterygium and a control group. A total of 92 subjects were used for this study which comprised of 52 pterygium subjects and 40 control groups. The tear film production was mea...

Palm wine has long been the traditional wine of choice for most people during festive periods and social activities. This research work was done to determine the effect of ingested fresh palm wine on pupil diameter and amplitude of accommodation in young adults. Fifty (50) young adults aged between 18-35 years with a mean age of 23.46(±2.54) and we...

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice studies can be used for diagnostic purposes for which they describe the population's current knowledge, attitude and practice as well as being implemented to increase insights in a current situation and in appropriate specific interventions. Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude and use of eye protectors by welders...

Welding without use of appropriate eye protector can cause physical, mechanical, chemical and psychosocial hazards/injuries and this has been observed among a large number of the welding workforce who report to eye clinics/hospitals daily with incidence of workplace ocular injuries/ hazards. Aim: To ascertain the ocular injuries among Welders in Ne...

Aim: This study compared the effect of yellow filters and corrective lenses on the academic performance of primary school children with abnormal contrast sensitivity. Study Design: The study employed quantitative study design involving the measurement of variables. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Owerri North, Imo State,...

The most significant refractive structure of the eye is the cornea, contributing about two-third of the eye refractive power. This study was carried out to determine the effect of 1% cyclopentolate hydrochloride on the corneal curvature of myopes, hyperopes and emmetropes. Retinoscopy and Subjective refraction were performed on the subjects who sat...

Most men experience erectile dysfunction and this condition can be associated with various health problems. This study was carried out to investigate the association of erectile dysfunction with systemic hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out among men above 20 years in Rivers State, Nigeri...

Phoria is a misalignment of the eyes that only appears when binocular viewing is broken. This study was carried out to compare the effect of glucose on the lateral phoria of myopes and hyperopes. Clinical tests conducted on the subjects include taking their case history, visual acuity, external eye examination, retinoscopy and lateral phoria test....

Current food production processes from farm to fork are bedevilled by food safety hazards and risks which result to frequent foodborne disease outbreaks locally, nationally and internationally. Food hygiene and safety management systems are put in place to insure that food that gets to the consumer is safe. The objective of this paper is to review...

Adequate water supply and potable drinking water are essential for all growing children. This study was carried out to investigate the water supply and bacteriological qualities of drinking water in primary schools located at North central Nigeria. One thousand five hundred and fourteen water samples were collected from 48 schools located at North...

Good sanitation practices in schools are a pathway to better performing children. The objective of this study was to investigate the sanitation practices of primary school pupils in schools located in Abuja, Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. A total of 1,514 pupils from 24 schools in Abuja were selected using the multistag...

Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body's metabolism. Accommodation lag refers to the slightly less accommodation level to a target by an individual. This study was carried out to determine the effect of glucose on the accommodation lag of young adults. This study was a clinical and case control study carried out at the Department of O...

Myopia is a refractive condition of the eye in which the images of distant objects are focused in front of the retina when accommodation is relaxed. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the pressure within the eyeball. This study was carried out to investigate the intraocular pressure changes in the different degrees of myopia. The study was a clinical st...

Erectile dysfunction is a health problem that involves the consistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection. The objective of this study was to investigate the socio-demographic factors associated with erectile dysfunction among men. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in Port-Harcourt, Southern Nigeria. The multi...

Welders are exposed to physical and chemical hazards that can lead to injuries. This study was carried out in Delta State, Nigeria to investigate the compliance of welders toward the use of personal protective equipment required for their work. The study was a descriptive study carried out in Delta State, Southern Nigeria. The multi-stage sampling...

Color coding ensures identification of the hazards associated with the type of health care waste that is handled or treated. The objective of this study was to investigate the compliance of health care facilities in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria to the color coding system of waste segregation. A harmonized checklist and a well-structured questionnair...

Medical wastes include sharps, pathological wastes, chemical wastes, infective wastes, pharmaceutical wastes and radioactive wastes. This study was carried out to determine the solid medical waste treatment methods by health care facilities in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria. A harmonized checklist and a well-structured questionnaire were used to obtai...

Adequate supply of clean water is a necessity for sustaining human life and for achieving sustainable development. This study was carried out in Umuahia, Southeastern Nigeria to investigate the sources of water supply of the residents as well as laboratory analysis of the bacteriological qualities of water. A well-structured questionnaire was also...

Sanitation is practiced to promote hygiene and prevent disease among people through the provision of potable water and adequate sanitation facilities. The objective of this study was to assess the sanitation status of hostels in Federal University of Technology Owerri, in Southeastern Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional survey...

The pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. This study was carried out to compare the effect of 0.5% timolol maleate and 4% pilocarpine eye drops on the ocular tear film pH of subjects with primary open angle glaucoma. The study was a clinical study carried out at the Optometry Teaching Clinic, Fede...

Quarrying is a form of mining which involves crushing of stones and obtaining quarry resources on or below the earth surface. This study was carried out in Abakiliki, Southeastern Nigeria, to investigate the major ocular problems found among quarry workers and residents of quarrying communities. One hundred and seventy-seven subjects were assembled...

Poor sanitation and personal hygiene practices by meat handlers in abattoirs can result in the contamination of meat by microorganisms. This study was carried out in Southeastern Nigeria to determine the bacterial isolates found in the contact surfaces of meat handlers at their workplace. Samples were collected using sterile swab sticks from 108 co...

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Accommodation lag is the amount by which the accommodative response of the eye is less than the dioptric stimulus to accommodation. This study was carried out at the Optometry Teaching Clinic, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria to compare the accommodation lag of corrected myopes and emmetropes. A total of 68 su...

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is widely accepted as a standard for which food and food products are subjected to high standards by the handlers to ensure safety for the consumers. This study was conducted to investigate the HACCP checklist scores by meat handlers at critical control points using a harmoni...

This study was carried out in Ehime Mbano Local Government Area of Imo state, Nigeria, to assess the age and gender variations in visual impairment among individuals with cataract. Out of 233 subjects examined, 68 males and 68 females were found to have cataract. The mean age of the male subjects was 61.37±13.97 while the mean age of the female sub...

Glaucoma is an op�c neuropathy associated with a characteris�c structural damage to the op�c nerve and visual dysfunc�on which are seen clinically as enlargement of the op�c disc cup and loss of peripheral field of vision1. Glaucoma is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field loss beginning with peripheral vision loss res...

Pterygium is one of the common eye problems seen among workers in the timber industry. This study was a cross sectional study conducted to assess the prevalence of occupation related pterygium among timber workers in Owerri North Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria and to establish if possible, a correlation of pterygium with socio-demograp...

This study was carried out to determine the common microorganisms present in external eye infections of residents of Abuja, Nigeria. A total of 250 patients, of both genders and of all age groups with external eye infections, who attended the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, were the subjects. The isolated pathogens seen among the subj...

The co-occurrence of systemic hypertension and glaucoma was investigated in rural communities of southeast Nigeria. Four hundred and forty six subjects were examined of which 186 (41.7%) were males and 260 (58.3%) were females. Three hundred and forty of the subjects had either hypertension, glaucoma or both. From this number, 183 (53.82%) subjects...

Accidents and injuries at work places especially in the developing countries, often lead to death and disability. This study was carried out to determine the knowledge and attitude of construction workers towards accident and injury prevention and control, at Haddock Quest Engineering and Construction Company in Madobi Local Government Area, Kano S...

This study was carried out to determine the refractive power and blood glucose changes in alloxan-induced and insulin-treated diabetic rabbits. Eighteen healthy Dutch rabbits of both sexes weighing between 1.1kg and 1.9kg were used for this study. A 5% solution of alloxan monohydrate was administered intravenously to create a diabetic state. Refrac...

An assessment of excreta disposal and its health implications was carried out from March to September 2014 in Tambiri II Community of Biseni Clan, in Yenagoa Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The objectives of this study were to determine the knowledge of the people about proper excreta disposal; methods of excreta disposal; sanitary c...

This study was carried out at Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria to assess the water sanitation and hygiene practices among randomly selected households. A total of 450 respondents were given questionnaires to fill. Information obtained from the questionnaires revealed that 56.4% treated their water while 43.6% did not. Among...

Electronic gadgets are instruments which can perform many activities at a time with vast speed, making hard work an efficient one. They are useful for many purposes, can save time, money, provide information, reduce hard work and operate machines. They play vital roles in entertainment, information and communication technology (ICT) and have proved...

This study was carried out to determine the effect of alcoholic red wine on the amplitude of accommodation of young adults. Fifty young adults with a mean age of 22.90±2.2 and a mean weight of 66.94±9.91kg were used for this study. All the subjects had a normal body mass index (BMI) of between 20 and 25. The amplitude of accommodation was measured...

This study was carried out in Owerri municipal, Southeastern Nigeria to determine the socioeconomic factors affecting the attitude of welders toward ocular injuries. One hundred male welders with a mean age of 32.17 ± 9.1 were interviewed with the use of questionnaires. Information obtained from the welders revealed that 48% had primary education,...

Welders are a high risk group for eye injuries due to their occupational exposures to metals and ultraviolet radiation.This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and pattern of eye injuries and rate of use of protective eyewear at work among welders in Ekwulobia community, Anambra State.A cross sectional study of ocular injuries was conduct...

As our eyes face a new breadth of ocular stressors, it becomes imperative to understand and properly diagnose ocular effects related to stress. This study was aimed at determining the effect of stress on the axial length of young adults.50 subjects of both sexes and between the ages of 15-32 years (mean age of 20.98±3.65 years) were involved in the...

This study was carried out to determine the major ocular complaints among commercial vehicle drivers in Southern Nigeria. A hundred commercial vehicle drivers were examined and interviewed. All the drivers were males with a mean age of 42.62±10.34. The major complaints of the drivers include difficulty in reading prints seen in 23% of the drivers,...

Loratadine is one of the second generation antihistamines used in the treatment of allergies and which has no sedating effect. This study aimed at determining the effect of Loratadine on lateral phoria of young Hyperopes. The study was carried out using 50 volunteer students (31 males and 19 females) of Abia state University, Uturu, who were betwee...

This study was carried out to determine the level of water sanitation practices among residents in Obowo, Nigeria. A total of 360 respondents were interviewed for this study. Results showed that 90.8% of the respondents use boiling as their method of water purification. 42.8% always boil their water before drinking, 50.3% do not always boil their w...

This study was carried out in Rivers State, Nigeria to ascertain the level of visual and contrast sensitivity of commercial vehicle drivers. One hundred commercial drivers all of whom were males were used for this study. The mean age of the drivers was 42.62±10.34. The visual acuity test using the snellen chart was done at 6 meters and the contrast...

Caffeine is a widely used substance, valued for its stimulating effects. The world's primary source of caffeine is the coffee bean from which coffee is brewed. The effect of caffeinated coffee on tear production was carried out on 50 subjects (25 males, 25 females), aged between 18years and 30years, using the Schirmer Test. The tear production was...

Aging involves anatomical, physiological and neurological changes in the body. It occurs naturally and is sometimes, accelerated by preventable factors such as economic stress and psychological difficulties; and by diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cancer. The eye, as part of the body, is also affected by this aging process, res...

People with low vision find it difficult to perform their visual tasks and would require low vision aids to carry out these tasks effectively. In developing countries and especially the rural areas, lack of adequate health care results in preventable eye problems that lead to low vision and blindness.This study was carried out to determine the majo...

Plasmodium falciparum is the leading causative organism of malaria among the plasmodium species. Malaria causes a recession of near point of convergence (NPC) of the eye which leads to convergence insufficiency symptoms such as asthenopia and exophoria at near. The objective of this study was to determine if there is a significant difference in the...

Diabetes Mellitus is not a single disease entity but rather a group of metabolic disorders sharing the common underlying feature of hyperglycemia. This review paper takes a look at the major sociological factors associated with increased blood glucose levels and its control. Among these factors include the socioeconomic status of individuals, their...

A greater majority of contact lenses supplied by importers in Nigeria have a base curve of 8.6mm. Clinical practice has shown that this fits comfortably on a cornea with a radius of curvature of 7.8mm. People with a cornea radius of curvature below 7.8mm will find such contact lenses to be too loose on the cornea causing it to fall out. Also people...

The objective of this study is to determine the level of reduction in visual acuity and visual impairment arising from ocular diseases among adults with hypertension. A community based study was conducted in a rural community in Abia State, Nigeria. A total of 213 subjects were screened for ocular diseases and impairments. Eighty seven (40.8%) male...

A Community based study was carried out in some randomly selected communities of Ehime Mbano Local Government Area of Imo state, Nigeria. The aim was to determine the spread of hypertensive retinopathy among people with hypertension. A total of 233 subjects were examined for this study out of which 99 (42.5%) were males and 134 (57.5%) were females...

Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are common diseases that coexist at a greater frequency than chance alone would predict. This study was conducted on subjects living in rural communities in Southeast Nigeria namely Nkwebi, Elu, Okagwe Ohafia in Abia State and Ezeala Owerre, Umueze, Umunakanu, Umunumo, Umualumaku in Imo State. The objective of the...

This study was carried out on adults at Ohafia Local Government of Abia State in Nigeria to determine the presence of ocular effects that resulted from diabetes mellitus. This study was a field based study in which subjects were made to assemble at a health center and the examinations and tests carried out. Out of the 213 subjects examined and test...

This study was carried out to determine the effect of increased intake of vitamin A on Tear break-up time (TBUT). One hundred asymptomatic healthy young adults; 50 males and 50 females all within the ages of 18 and 30 years were used for this study. Results showed a range of 13-28 seconds and a mean TBUT of 19.12 seconds before the administration o...