Vladimir Sklyar

KhAI - Aerospace university · Department of Computer Systems and Networks

Features of software as a component of instrumentation and control (I&C) systems are analyzed. Attention is paid to the importance of functions performed by software and hazards of such software. Requirements for characteristics of software as a component of I&C systems are analyzed. Different regulatory documents are considered in order to disclos...

This paper describes a proposed method and technology of safety assessment of projects based on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Safety assessment is based on special invariants, e.g., properties which remain unchanged when a specified transformation is applied. A classification and examples of FPGA project invariants are provided. In the pap...

This paper aims to develop a practical learning framework with the implementation of business analysis methods in ICT education. General issues of business analysis applicable in ICT education are analyzed. The BABOK Guide describes knowledge areas for business analysis, as well as tasks and main competencies, techniques, and perspectives concernin...

The paper describes an approach to improve Assurance Case applicability through structured argumentation. We started from approach based on use of twice argumentation step including reasoning step and evidential step with structured text support. After that, we improve the existing method with the following issues: (1) a general algorithm for the d...

Computer control systems (CCS) are an important for operation and maintenance of safety- critical infrastructures. A challenge in such systems implementation is certification and licensing against national and international regulatory requirements. Environmental tests are applied to check that equipment of the CCS can withstand the rigors of harsh...

The objective of this paper is to develop a practical E-learning framework with implementation of case method and project-based learning. In paper we obtain the following results. Content of the massive open online course (MOOC) “Safety and Security of Control Systems” is analyzed. This MOOC was introduced in 2017 for master students program “Cyber...

This paper presents a survey of Assurance Case implementation for applications which are not directly related with the usual for Assurance Case regulatory regime. The UK is the country which the first developed the theory of AC as a response to big catastrophes, and the UK is the country which mostly applies AC regime for many industries. Also, som...

This chapter presents a cost-effective approach to the selection of the most diverse NPP Reactor Trip System (RTS) under uncertainty. The selection of a pair of primary and secondary RTS is named a diversity strategy. All possible strategies are evaluated on an ordinal scale with linguistic values provided by experts. These values express the exper...

Features of software as a component of instrumentation and control (I&C) systems are analyzed. Attention is paid to the importance of functions performed by software and hazards of such software. Requirements for characteristics of software as a component of I&C systems are analyzed. Different regulatory documents are considered in order to disclos...

Two existing notations for the assurance case (claim, argument and evidence [CAE] and goal structuring notation [GSN]) are considered. Supporting software tools for development of the assurance case are considered. Some ways for improvement and modification are proposed for both assurance case notations (CAE and GSN). For CAE, the authors obtained...

The main contribution of this study comprises a set of detailed contents for safety and security management. The following aspects of safety and security management requirements for NPP I&C systems are considered: relation between safety and security management, safety and security management plan, human resource management, configuration managemen...

The three-volume book contains theoretical materials for lectures and training modules developed in frameworks of project “Internet of Things: Emerging Curriculum for Industry and Human Applications /ALIOT” (Project Number: 573818-EPP-1-2016-1- UK-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP, 2016-2019) funded by EU Program ERASMUS+. Volume 2 describes models, simulation and de...

The paper contains results obtained in area of big data analysis for hotel revenue management. Authors challenge the area of hotel management since they have and still improve skills in this area. The paper presents the new results obtained for previously developed Advanced Hotel Management Framework. We use comparatively the new tool "Booking.com...

The article discusses Assurance Case methodology for its implementation for Green Information Technology (IT) domain related with Internet of Things (IoT). We name this approach as “Green Assurance Case”. The fundamentals of Assurance Case are explained as the initial part of the article. Safety and security requirements are considered as a part of...

Computer Control Systems play an important role in operation and maintenance of safety- and security-critical plants and infrastructures. A challenge in such systems implementation is certification and licensing against national regulatory requirements. Environmental tests are applied to check that equipment of the CCS can withstand the rigors of h...

The paper contains novel results obtained in area of cost effective hotel management based on qualitative analysis of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Five RAMS attributes (reliability, availability, maintainability, safety and security) and associated KPIs are considered as business critical. We also propose the new obtained Advanced Hotel Manag...

Requirements of the IEC 61508 "Functional safety of electrical / electronic / programmable electronic systems related to safety" are considered in detail, and their interpretation is given for practical implementation. The specific steps necessary to obtain the IEC 61508 compliance certificate are consistently disclosed. Particular attention is pai...

The trainings materials on providing knowledge and working out of practical skills of organization and implementation of successful cooperation between universities and the IT industry are presented. The trainings are grouped into four content modules for the development of strategy and usage of cooperation support software tools, assessment of uni...

The principles and models of cooperation between universities and the IT industry are proposed, in particular models for support of outsourcing business, certification services, R & D business, creation of startup and spin-off companies. The relevant protocols are described and cases of university-industrial cooperation of the universities and inst...

The principles and models of cooperation between universities and the IT industry are proposed, in particular models for support of outsourcing business, certification services, R & D business, creation of startup and spin-off companies. The relevant protocols are described and cases of university-industrial cooperation of the universities and inst...

The need of new curricula in the Internet of things (IoT) for MSc, PhD and engineering levels of education is described. The joint project on curricula development ALIOT, financed in the frame of Erasmus+ program, is discussed. The project ensures adaptation of academic programs in Ukraine and other countries to the needs of the labor market in the...

Diversity and subdiversity-oriented systems applied in safety critical industry systems are analyzed through the use of the classification scheme described in standard NUREG7007. This classification is specified considering diversity of hardware and FPGA designs. In particular, diversity of hard logic and soft processors, interfaces and buses, self...

The third volume of the three volume book called “Secure and resilient computing for industry and human domains” contains materials of the lecture parts of the study modules for MSc and PhD level of education as well as lecture part of in-service training modules developed in the framework of the SEREIN project "Modernization of Postgraduate Studie...

The second volume of the three volume book called “Secure and resilient computing for industry and human domains” contains materials of the lecture parts of the study modules for MSc and PhD level of education as well as lecture part of in-service training modules developed in the framework of the SEREIN project "Modernization of Postgraduate Studi...

The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework to use Assurance Case methodology for Industrial IoT systems (IIoT). To achieve a general goal we discuss the three following issues. Firstly, a brief analysis of state-of-the-art researches and resources in area of Assurance Case is done. Secondly, we discuss specific components for IIoT Assuranc...

The paper describes an approach to measure energy consumption of programmable components (MCU, FPGA etc.) which are a core of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Investigation of energy consumption dependence from a type of programmable components as well as from features of software gives a road map for implementation of energy efficiency measure...

Assurance (Security and Safety) Case is an approach to prove critical systems and software compliance with security and safety requirements. We propose an advanced framework named as Assurance Case Driven Design (AC DD) to improve cost-effectiveness of certification and licensing processes. AC DD is based on Claim-Argument-Evidence-Criteria (CAEC)...

The paper describes an approach to improve energy efficiency of low power devices for Internet of Things (IoT). Energy efficiency of IoT is one from the main challenges in this domain as well as security with big scale systems and data management. The proposed approach is based on using of fast computation algorithms like Vedic Mathematic. IoT arch...

Taxonomy for Dependability and Security has been updated to reflect all used attributes as well to refine orthogonal relations between attributes. Functional Safety is a part of Reliability that has deals with Safety Functions and related dangerous failures. From this point of view all the Reliability Theory method, models and indicators may be app...

Assurance (Security and Safety) Case is a proven-in-use methodology to demonstrate a system compliance with security and safety critical requirements. An advanced approach to improve Assurance Case is proposed in a view of Assurance Case Driven Design (AC DD). A practical using of AC DD lays in costeffectiveness improvement of certification and lic...

Instrumentation and Control systems play important role in operation and maintenance of Nuclear Power Plants. A challenge in such systems implementation is certification and licensing against national safety regulatory requirements. A considered case describes certification of Instrumentation and Control platform of Ukrainian company Radiy against...

This article presents the basic phases of the development and research instrumentation and control system (ICS) functional safety Markov models on the basis of the self-diagnosing programmable platform. The set of the models sets is obtained on the basis of the failure tree development and analysis, which includes the ICS hardware channels detected...

The role of cyber security is increasing in all public and industrial domains enforces Research and Development (R&D) in this area. It becomes an important area in University-Industry Cooperation (UIC). The paper is targeted to learn lessons and to study special features of UIC provided for cyber security domain. The actual research is based on exp...

The Claim-Argument-Evidence (CAE) approach is one from the worldly recognized technique directed to find gaps in safety-related Instrumentation and Control systems design and implementation and after that to justify meeting regulatory requirements. An advance approach to improve Assurance (Security and Safety) Case is proposed in a view of Assuranc...

The paper discusses importance of security environment establishment process, as well as its particular stages, including security-oriented analysis and assessment of safety critical instrumentation and control systems (I&Cs). One of the underlying ideas behind the assessment approach is in performance of gap analysis, considering influence of huma...

The manual contains the material for training modules on the topic “Personal Communications Management for Academia-Industry Cooperation in Electronic, Computer, and Software Engineering” is described, this manual was prepared within the project TEMPUS CABRIOLET «Model-Oriented Approach And Intelligent Knowledge-Based System for Evolvable Academia-...

Markov models (MM) are widely used in dependability assessment of complex safety-critical systems. The main computational difficulties in using MMs are model size and stiffness. Selection of the solution approach (SA) and tools based on analysis of MM stiffness and complexity increases the assessment accuracy. This paper presents the safety assessm...

Failure Modes, Effects, and Diagnostic Analysis (FMEDA) is a popular technique for evaluation of reliability and safety of a given product. This paper discusses possible challenges in application of FMEDA and related analysis techniques to complex electronic products like FPGA-based platforms. Ways of tool support to make FMEDA automated are addres...

The paper discusses importance of assessment of interference degree for various attributes of safety-critical systems, including safety and security, proposes applicable metrics, as well as represents an approach to assessment of safety-critical systems. Such approach relies on performance of gap analysis and consideration of influence of human, te...

Hackathons and other kinds of competitions are popular and important forms of modern university-industry interactions. Originating in information technologies they spread to all other fields. At the same time, " hackathon " is rather an abstract buzzword that can be used to denote a sleepless competition of creative app development, team-based brai...

The fault injection/insertion testing (FIT) is one of the key techniques applied for independent verification and validation (IVV) of software and FPGA-based safety critical NPP instrumentation and control systems (I&Cs). The technique is based on design fault injection into the software code including VHDL code, physical faults into programmable C...

Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems represent one of several most important parts of each Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). I&C modernization projects are performed in the context and to support the overall NPP goals, objectives, and internal and external commitments. The goals and objectives of NPPs are defined substantially by the utilities long-t...

The application of complex electronic components such as systemsonchips (including systemsonprogrammablechips using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)) in industrial instrumentation and control systems (I&Cs) causes risks for ensuring of safety. Nuclear power plant (NPP) I&C projects on FPGA are complex solutions which include both software and...

Features of verification FPGA-based safety critical I&C systems (FBIC) using of fault-insertion technique (FIT) are analyzed. The FIT is applied in process of certification to meet requirements of IEC 61508 according with safety integrity level (SIL). Specific aspects of FBIC SIL-certification are described. Concept of FIT-ability, theoretical issu...

The accurate dependability and safety assessment of systems for critical applications is an important task in development and certification processes. It can be conducted through probabilistic model-based evaluation using the variety of tools and techniques (T&T). As each T&T is bounded by its application area the careful selection of the appropria...

Business in information technologies (IT) and innovations in computer science (CS) develop better in case of closer integration, that may have different forms: recruiting activities and internships, joint research and spin-off projects, etc. In either case a student appears in the middle of university-industry relations, and authors' experience sug...

Evolutionary analysis of software (SW) quality models (QM) over the past forty years, from one of the first software QM by McCall to the model presented in the standard ISO 25010 is performed. 9 models were chosen for the analysis and divided into sets of basic and corporate QMs according to the completeness, detailing and significance. The choice...

Features of software as a component of Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems are analyzed. Attention is paid to the importance of functions performed by software and hazards of such software. Requirements for characteristics of software as a component of I&C systems are analyzed. Different regulatory documents are considered in order to disclos...

To protect safety-critical systems from common-cause failures that can lead to potentially dangerous outcomes, special methods are applied, including multi-version technologies operating at different levels of diversity. A model representing different diversity types during the development of safety-critical systems is suggested. The model addresse...

FPGA is a convenient technology that is being applied intensively to build I&CS for critical industries like NPPs. Practical experience confirms that in some cases application of the FPGA technology is much more reasonable than application of other technologies like microprocessors, etc. Experience of RPC Radiy in FPGA-based I&C development is prov...

The standard IEC 61508 "Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems related to safety" is used as the basis of regulatory safety requirements imposed on the nuclear power plant I&C systems in countries such as Canada, Finland, Argentina, Korea. In some other countries, the relevant NPP I&C requirements of IEC 61508 ha...

Diversity is the general approach used for decreasing common cause failure (CCF) risks of instrumentation and control (I&C) systems. Differences in equipment, development and verification technologies, implemented functions, etc. can mitigate the potential for common faults. Diversity and defense-in-depth (D3) is the required attribute of Nuclear P...

Challenges related to verification and validation (VV) of FPGA-based safety critical I&C systems (FICS) are analyzed. One of the mandatory techniques applied in process of VV and certification to requirements of IEC 61508 according with safety integrity level (SIL) is the fault insertion or injection testing (FIT). Specific features of FICS SIL-cer...

Invariant-oriented approach to independent verification and validation of HDL-based projects is presented. Proposed methodology consists in identification and verification of so-called “check relations”, which can have general or specific nature. Invariants of HDL-based designs are based on features and constraints of HDL. The main tasks and stages...

Gates Arrays (FPGAs) are used as components of Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) safety systems since 1990s. During the last fifteen years FPGAs have recommended itself as reliable proven in use solutions which are able to increase safety of Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems. Research and Production Corporation (RPC) Radiy is a designer and manufa...

Information and communication technologies (IT) have double entity in point of view green energy, industry etc. On the one side, ITs are a mean for ensuring of “green” as an instrumentation and control (I&C) systems for green car, smart and green energy grid, smart and green houses, cities,… the Earth as a whole. On the other side, IT-based systems...

The paper represents overview of modern instrumentation and control (I&C) systems intended for use in nu-clear power plants (NPPs), including their functions and main objectives. Possible application of Field Program-mable Gates Array (FPGA) technology for I&C of NPPs is discussed. Experience of RPC Radiy in development and modernization of digital...

Information and communication technologies (IT) and IT-based instrumentation and control (I&C) systems, hardware and software components are analyzed in context of “green” paradigm. Green IT paradigm is formulated as a Cartesian product of a pair “external (E) and internal (I) aspects of IT and computer-based I&Csystems” and a pair “power (recourse...

University and industry cooperation (UIC) is an acknowledged catalyst for innovations and progress in computer science and information technologies. At the same time, a science to business–business to science (S2B–B2S) model of interaction depends on location. In some countries, this model works naturally with a high level of effectiveness, while o...

The complexity of critical infrastructures (CI) and systems safety assessment calls for the need for integration of different methods that use input data of different qualimetric nature (deterministic, stochastic, linguistic). Application of one specified group of risk methods might lead to loss and/or disregard of a part of safety-related informat...

The objective of this paper is to discuss advantages and values which Field Programmable Gates Array (FPGA) based solutions can add to Instrumentation and Control (I&C) design of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) [1]. Application of FPGAs as programmable components instead of Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) is an advanced solution which provides dec...

Defence-in-Depth and Diversity (D3) as a fundamental principle for NPP safety assurance is analyzed. Reactor trip systems and engineered safety features actuation systems as a I&C part of NPP Defence-in-Depth infrastructure are multiversion systems (MVSs) according to international practice and standards requirements. The features of D3 analysis fo...

Harmonization of different regulatory requirements and licensing approaches is still a hot topic. Concerning relatively new technologies like Field Programmable Gates Array (FPGA) in Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems deficiency of regulations makes this problem more difficult. That raises a discussion about harmonization versus different li...

In order to maximize stakeholders’ confidence that design implementations meet all requirements, it is of paramount importance that design organizations and suppliers of FPGA platforms to be utilized in nuclear safety applications adopt rigorous V&V processes and techniques in compliance with widely recognized industry standards. The above challeng...

This paper describes the approach to implementation of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems refurbishment projects using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based platform. The analysis identifying advantages of refurbishment projects for NPPs is performed. The main goals of the utilities with respect to refurbishm...

Computers have become crucial to the operations of government and business. Critical infrastructure protection policy has evolved since the mid-1990's. Since 11 September 2001, the critical link between cyberspace and physical space has been increasingly recognized. Presently, critical infrastructure sectors face various cyber threats. In particula...

This chapter presents an approach to cyber security assessment, which is based on Gap Analysis (GA) and Intrusion Modes and Effects Criticality Analysis (IMECA) techniques, applicable to complex Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems, including safety-critical FPGA-based I&C systems. Elements of the GA-and-IMECA procedure of assessment are propo...

Advantages of application of Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGA) technology for implementation of Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems for Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) are outlined. Specific features of FPGA technology in the context of cyber security threats for NPPs I&C systems are analyzed. Description of FPGA-based platform used for imple...

The purpose of the work is to discuss opportunities to modernize I&C systems of CANDU reactors on the base of Radiy's digital safety platform. This paper discusses the following topics: a business model for CANDU I&C systems refurbishment, FPGA technology issues, comparison of different approaches to refurbish obsolete I&Cc systems.

The objective of this paper is to present an approach to develop Instrumentation and Control (I&C) system for Small Modular Reactor (SMR) with use of Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGA) based platform. Application of FPGAs as programmable components instead of programmable logic controllers (PLC) is an advanced solution which provides decreasing...

This paper presents a general approach and techniques for design and verification of Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGA)-based Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems for Nuclear Power Plants (NPP). Appropriate regulatory documents used for I&C systems design, development, verification and validation (V&V) are discussed considering the latest...

Paper presents key results on development and evaluation of control infrastructure for safety-critical objects. As an example of the control infrastructure for safety-critical objects FPGA-based safety I&C platform for NPPs I&C is considered. on-going certification process of FPGA-based safety I&C platform in accordance with requirements of IEC 615...

Dependability analysis of nuclear power plants information and control systems is an important but challenging task. There are several techniques that can be applied for safety and dependability assessments. All of them have limitations and can't be easily applied in most cases. Sometimes combined usage of different methods is the most appropriate...

This paper presents a general approach and techniques for design and verification of Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGA)-based Instrumentation and Control (I&C) systems for Nuclear Power Plants (NPP). Appropriate regulatory documents used for I&C systems design, development and verification are discussed considering the latest international sta...

In this paper a method for choice of reliability and availability models is adopted for FPGA- based I&C systems. Keywords - FPGA, I&C system, reliability and availability model.

This paper presents the technique for the power grid safety assessment based on accident risk-analysis by use of the dynamical and hierarchical criticality matrixes (D&HCM). The technique is founded on principles suggested for the power grid safety assessment. The basic tool is Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) supplemented wi...

This paper presents key results of RPC Radiy activities within Canadian nuclear market. RPC Radiy (located in Kirovograd, Ukraine) is a vendor which designs and produces digital safety I&C platform as well as turnkey applications, based on the platform, for NPPs (safety systems). The main feature of the Radiy Platform is the application of Field Pr...

Principles of verification for FPGA electronic design algorithms used in nuclear reactor trip systems are proposed. A classification of the algorithms that is based on complexity criterion is given. Various methods and techniques for testing of the algorithms are described. It is presented an example of verification, based on proposed methods and t...

Principles and methods of on-line testing for digital components and systems are analysed. The features of diagnostics for safety-critical NPP I&C systems are described. The paper zeroed in on component-based approach to safety-oriented on-line testing. Several methods, techniques and schemes for on-line testing of digital components of safety crit...