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Invertebrates fauna (Invertrebrata) in the National Park of Mavrovo / Vladimir T. Krpač et al.
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A field experiment was conducted during 2014–2015 to investigate the efficacy of herbicides [Merlin flexx (isoxaflutole), pre- and post-emergence; Equip (foramsulfuron), post-emergence; and Maister (foramsulfuron + iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium), post-emergence] in maize (cv NSC 444) crops grown in the Prishtina region of Kosovo. The field experiment was set in a randomised block design with four replications and elementary plots of 10 m2. A total of 14 weed species were documented in the maize crop in 2014, which increased to 27 in 2015, with the dominant species being Amaranthus retroflexus (87.0 plants*m-2 in 2014 versus 43.3 plants*m-2 in 2015). The most efficient herbicides in both years were pre-emergence (98.1% vs 92.5%; 2014 vs 2015) and isoxaflutole post-emergence (98.8% vs 89.9%; 2014 vs 2015). All plots treated with herbicides significantly influenced the increase of maize yield in comparison with the control plots. In conclusion, the use of isoxaflutole either pre-emergence or post-emergence is recommended in the study region for successful weed control and high maize grain yields.
Liste rouge des papillons (Lepidoptera : Hesperioidea & Papilionoidea) en République de Macédoine.
La République de Macédoine est l’un des quelques pays européens qui n’a pas encore publié de liste rouge des papillons de jour. Le présent article a pour but de définir cette liste rouge, adaptée au contexte du pays, avec deux objectifs : (1) permettre rapidement l’établissement d’un statut de protection
pour certaines espèces, afin de protéger leur habitat ; (2) définir une liste prioritaire d’espèces qui devront faire l’objet d’un suivi dans les prochaines années. Cette liste rouge se divise donc en deux sous-listes permettant de répondre aux deux objectifs visés. La sélection s’effectue par combinaison de plusieurs critères : l’application des critères UICN au pays, principalement axée sur la mesure de l’état des populations et leur évolution, mais aussi des considérations d’endémisme pour le pays ou bien de limite d’aire. Il en résulte une liste rouge composée de 69 taxa, partagés en sous-liste I de haute importance (12 taxa à protéger et à gérer) et sous-liste II d’espèces prioritaires qui doivent faire l’objet d’un suivi (57 taxa).
A short-term faunistic survey of Lepidoptera of the Mavrovo National Park (Republic of Macedonia) resulted in records of 401 species of Lepidoptera, almost twice as much as hitherto known from this area. Of particular interest are 48 species which, according to Fauna Europaea, are new country records. Furthermore, 4 species are probably new to science. Izvleoeek – PRISPEVEK K FAVNI METULJEV MAVROVSKEGA NARODNE-GA PARKA (REPUBLIKA MAKEDONIJA) Kratkotrajna favnistioena raziskava metuljev (Lepidoptera) Mavrovskega narodnega parka v Republiki Makedoniji je dala podatke o 401 vrsti metuljev, skoraj dvakrat toliko, kot jih je bilo s tega obmooeja znanih poprej. Posebno zanimivih je 48 vrst, ki po bazi podatkov Fauna Europaea za draeavo øe niso bile znane. Øtiri vrste pa so ver-jetno nove za znanost.
Investigation of hoverflies fauna in Macedonia has been carried out from 1987 to 2004. Beside new data from numerous field trips, in consideration were taken also reviewed data from the collections of the Macedonian Museum of Natural History -Skopje (SKO) and Department of Biology and Ecology -Novi Sad (DBE), Serbia. Those investigations determined 10 species of the genus Platycheirus in Macedonia, from which four [Platycheirus fulviventris (Macquart, 1829); Platycheirus immaculatus (Ohara, 1980); Platycheirus manicatus (Meigen, 1822) and Platycheirus tarsalis (Schummel, 1836)] are registered for the first time and two species are recently described -Platycheirus brunnifrons Nielsen, 2004 and Platycheirus meridimontanus Nielsen, 2004 -from the type localities in Macedonia.
Genus Dasysyrphus in Europe is presented with 10 species (SPEIGHT, 2004). PECK (1988) lists eight species, BICIK and LASKA (1996) and DOCZKAL (1996a) each added two species more. The results presented in this paper are an outcome of material revision on genus Dasysyrphus in the collections of the Macedonian Museum of Natural History in Skopje (Republic of Macedonia) (SKO) and Department of Biology and Ecology in Novi Sad (Republic of Serbia) (DBE). Genus Dasysyrphus is represented with seven species in Macedonia. Three of them [Dasysyrphus friuliensis (van der Goot 1960); Dasysyrphus pauxillus (Williston, 1887) and Dasysyrphus postclaviger (Stys & Moucha, 1962)] are for the first time registered for the territory of the Republic of Macedonia.
This book is an English translation of the work originally published in German (1998) as Biologischer Obstbau , which was the product of collaboration between authors in Austria, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Switzerland. It brings together the knowledge and experience of organic fruit growing from a number of fruit-growing areas of Europe and will be of interest to fruit producers and growers, as well as horticultural students. The book comprises the following 7 chapters: (1) Principles of organic fruit growing, briefly covering the legal aspects and the conversion of a conventionally run production unit to organic fruit growing; (2) Planning and setting up an organic production unit - choice of site, planting stock and planting systems; (3) Choice of rootstocks and cultivars in organic fruit production, including dessert apples and pears, cherries, plums and small fruits; (4) Cultural measures in organic fruit growing - soil care, fertilizer application, thinning, and growth regulation by various means; (5) Plant protection, with sections on encouraging biodiversity in orchards, beneficial organisms, major diseases and pests of pome fruits, stone fruits, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, currants, gooseberries, and bilberries, and pesticides; (6) Processing - general requirements of fruit for processing, production of fruit juices, dried fruit, jellies and jams, vinegar, and labelling of products; and (7) Marketing of organic products. Appendices list permitted fertilizers and soil conditioners, and plant protection products (Annex II to EU Regulation 2092/91).
In greenhouse replacement series experiments, ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes and barnyardgrass were more competitive than redroot pigweed as measured by relative competitive ability. In additive design field studies, four redroot pigweed or barnyardgrass per meter of row did not reduce Atlantic tuber yield when planted between the row following hilling (6 to 7 weeks after planting). However, as few as one barnyardgrass or redroot pigweed per meter of row reduced marketable tuber yield 19 to 33% when seeded in the row at the time of potato planting. Redroot pigweed reduced tuber yield more than barnyardgrass did in 1 yr of research. The correlation coefficients were similar for both weed density and weed biomass regressed on tuber yield. Aboveground potato biomass was not consistent in predicting total tuber yield. Furthermore, variability in aboveground potato biomass was not due to increasing weed weight or density. Neither specific gravity nor tuber quality was altered by the presence of any density of either weed species.