Toshinori Hasegawa

Komaki City Hospital · Department of Neurosurgery

Background The surgical techniques for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a common neurosurgical condition, have been discussed in a lot of clinical literature. However, the recurrence proportion after CSDH surgery remains high, ranging from 10 to 20%. The standard surgical procedure for CSDH involves a craniostomy to evacuate the hemat...

BACKGROUND Dermoid cysts located laterally in the posterior fossa are rare. The authors report the case of a dermoid cyst in the cerebellar hemisphere presenting with hemifacial spasm (HFS) caused by multiple vascular attachments due to remote compression effects. OBSERVATIONS A 48-year-old man presented with left HFS. Computed tomography showed a...

BACKGROUNND: We investigated the characteristic variables of acute ischemic stroke categorized according to body mass index (BMI). METHODS: From a registry of 1676 consecutive acute ischemic stroke cases, 965 cases (622 men and 434 women; mean age 71.53 ± 12.42 years) were selected based on eligibility criteria. These participants were divided into...

A 19-year-old woman presented with swelling of the left forehead without pain. She did not have any relevant past or family history. Computed tomography showed destruction of the outer cortex of the frontal bone. A solitary mass lesion with a fluid collection was detected with magnetic resonance imaging. Because the swelling of the left forehead ha...

Objective: A retrospective comparative analysis of the outcomes of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for brain metastases from uterine cervical carcinoma (CC) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) investigated the efficacy and prognostic factors for survival and local tumor control. Histopathological analysis was also performed. Methods: The authors retr...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether endovascular embolization prior to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has a negative impact on nidus obliteration for patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). METHODS A total of 704 eligible patients with AVM who did not undergo prior surgery or radiotherapy were evaluated. Of these pat...

A 22-year-old woman jumped from the 4th floor of her apartment in an attempt to commit suicide. Whole-body computed tomography showed multiple injuries, including right acute subdural hematoma, left hemopneumothorax, several fractures, intraperitoneal hemorrhage, and spleen injury. Her consciousness deteriorated rapidly, and her right pupil was dil...

Background and purpose: To assess the long-term outcomes of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or embolization and SRS (Emb-SRS) and to develop a grading system for predicting DAVF obliteration. Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective study included 200 patients with DAVF tr...

An 85-year-old woman presented with ataxia and deterioration of cognitive functions. She had no history of autoimmune diseases or viral infections. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a solitary mass lesion at the cerebral falx on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. Gross total resection of the lesion involving the dura mater was performed by bifr...

The creation of postoperative illustrations by residents of the neurosurgery department is helpful in improving their surgical understanding and skill levels. This report presents the educational methods that enable residents, who perform aneurysmal neck clipping via craniotomy, to create postoperative illustrations. A retrospective investigation o...

Background: The information about long-term risks of hemorrhage and late adverse radiation effects (AREs) after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is lacking. Objective: To evaluate the long-term risks of hemorrhage and late ARE rates in patients with AVM treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS). Methods: We e...

Here, we have demonstrated the efficacy of magnetic resonance contrast-enhanced vessel wall imaging (CE-VWI) as an ancillary examination for subarachnoid hemorrhage with bleeding points difficult to confirm by conventional vascular imaging. Case 1 had a ruptured small aneurysm with a size of 1.8 × 1.1 mm at the origin of left anterior choroidal art...

A 36-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of a right-sided headache that awoke her from sleep. She had no episodes of trauma or abuse. She was initially able to speak, but fell into a coma within an hour. The right pupil was dilated, with slow pupillary reflexes to light on both sides, and she showed left hemiparalysis. Computed tomography sc...

Objective: Radiotherapy has an essential role in the management of skull base chondrosarcomas (SBCs) after resection. This multi-institutional study evaluated the outcomes of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for histopathologically proven SBCs. Methods: Data of patients who underwent GKRS for SBCs at Gamma Knife centers in Japan were retrospectiv...

A 60-year-old man presented with progressive disturbance of consciousness. His father had died of malignant lymphoma, while his mother and sister died of acute leukemia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple high-intensity lesions in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres on diffusion-weighted images. Serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor w...

OBJECTIVE Brain metastasis is rare in ovarian cancer patients. The results of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the treatment of patients with brain metastases from ovarian cancer were retrospectively analyzed to derive the efficacy and prognostic factors for survival and local tumor control. Further histopathological analysis was also performed....

Intracranial cavernous malformations (CMs) are benign vascular malformations that arise mostly within the brain parenchyma, but occasionally from the dura mater. Here, we report an extremely rare case of a 29-year-old pregnant woman presenting with hemorrhage in a dural-based CM at the temporal convexity. She presented with headache at 38 weeks of...

PurposeTo evaluate the predictors of long-term tumor control following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for Koos grade 4 vestibular schwannomas (VSs).Methods Overall, 203 sporadic VS patients with compression of the brainstem were treated with SRS. The median tumor volume was 6.7 cm3 (range, 2.0–28.9 cm3) and the median marginal dose was 12 Gy (rang...

IntroductionBrain metastasis (BM) is one of the most important issues in the management of breast cancer (BC), since BMs are associated with neurological deficits. However, the importance of BC subtypes remains unclear for BM treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS). Thus, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study to compare clinical outcom...

Purpose Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are benign, thus understanding long-term tumor control and late adverse radiation effects of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) through current radiosurgical techniques is important to inform treatment decisions. Our aim was to clarify long-term tumor control rates and incidence of late adverse radiation effects in...

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for brain metastases (BMs) from small-cell lung cancer after whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the usefulness and safety of GKS in 163 patients from 15 institutions with 1-10 active BMs after WBRT. The usefulness and safety of GKS were evaluat...

Objective The optimal treatment for a craniopharyngioma has been controversial. Complete resection is ideal, but it has been difficult to obtain total resection in many cases because of intimate proximity to critical structures such as the optic pathway, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the utility of...

Coil embolization for cerebral aneurysms can lead to various complications, such as aneurysm rupture and cerebral embolism. In recent years, foreign substance embolisms-caused by peeling off of coating materials from therapeutic devices-have been described. We report here a case of unilateral multiple cerebral edema four weeks after coil embolizati...

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with increased risk of stroke. Antiphospholipid syndrome is another autoimmune disease that frequently overlaps with SLE. We report the case of a patient presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage after ischemic stroke associated with SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome....

Background: Venous malformations are classified as slow-flow vascular malformations. Coagulation abnormalities are known to be frequent among patients with venous malformations. We report a case of repeated intracranial hemorrhage after delivery, induced by coagulopathy associated with multiple venous malformations. Case description: A 28-year-o...

Objective: Little is known about long-term outcomes for pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). This study investigated annual hemorrhage rates and nidus obliteration rates, and the factors affecting them, in pediatric AVMs treated with GKRS. Methods: We examined 189 pediatric AVM patients...

The efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in comparison with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for brain metastases (BMs) remains unclear. The present study retrospectively reviewed 44 patients who received SRS or WBRT as an initial treatment for 10-20 BMs from non-small cell lung cancer between 2009 and 2016. Of the patients, 24 (54...

Objective: Long-term data about the incidence of late adverse radiation effects (AREs) in pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) are lacking. This study addresses the incidence of late AREs, including cyst formation (CF), chronic encapsulated hematoma (CEH), and radiation-induced tumor, in p...

OBJECTIVE In order to obtain better local tumor control for large (i.e., > 3 cm in diameter or > 10 cm ³ in volume) brain metastases (BMs), 3-stage and 2-stage Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) procedures, rather than a palliative dose of stereotactic radiosurgery, have been proposed. Here, authors conducted a retrospective multi-institutional study to com...

Background: The incidences of metastatic brain tumors from malignant melanomas have increased and survival has been prolonged by novel molecular targeted agents and immunotherapy. However, malignant melanomas are uncommon in Asian populations. Objectives: We retrospectively analyzed treatment efficacy and identified prognostic factors impacting...

The treatment strategy for patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) is controversial, and data concerning the long-term hearing outcomes > 5 years after gamma knife surgery (GKS) are limited. The long-term hearing outcomes after GKS were evaluated in VS patients with hearing preservation. Ninety-two VS patients with a pure tone average (PTA) ≤ 50 d...

Background: To date, there have been many publications concerning relationship of meteorological condition and stroke onset. However, little is known about detailed meteorological factors that affect stroke onset. With hospital characteristics that most inpatients at our institution lived around Komaki, we examined the relationship between stroke...

This study aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of multisession gamma knife surgery (GKS) for large brain metastases with a volume of 10 cm(3) or larger. Fifty-six patients who had 65 brain metastases with a volume of at least 10 cm(3) were treated with multisession GKS. Three-session GKS at a prescription dose of 10 Gy to the tumor margin per...

OBJECTIVE In 1999, the World Health Organization categorized large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung as a variant of large cell carcinoma, and LCNEC now accounts for 3% of all lung cancers. Although LCNEC is categorized among the non–small cell lung cancers, its biological behavior has recently been suggested to be very similar to t...

Objective: This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with jugular foramen schwannomas (JFSs). Methods: This study was a multiinstitutional retrospective analysis of 117 patients with JFSs who were treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 18 medical centers of the Japan Leksell Gamma Knife Society....

A 41-year-old woman was admitted due to a sudden-onset severe headache, left hemiparesis and dysarthria. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed an acute infarct in the bilateral pons, and magnetic resonance angiography revealed basilar artery (BA) occlusion resulting from dissection of the right vertebral artery (VA). She was treated...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with jugular foramen schwannomas (JFSs). METHODS This study was a multiinstitutional retrospective analysis of 117 patients with JFSs who were treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 18 medical centers of the Japan Leksell Gamma Knife Society....

A group study for symptomatic cavernous malformation (CM) treated with gamma knife (GK) surgery was performed. A total of 298 cases collected from 23 GK centers across Japan were included. Hemorrhage was the most common manifestation, followed by seizures and neurological deficits. Most of the lesions were located in the brainstem and basal ganglia...

Cavernous malformations are well known to somehow become more active after the first bleeding or initial seizure event. However, the real natural history of symptomatic cavernous malformations remains unclear, and the lack of information has obscured the treatment results. An investigation of the natural history of symptomatic cavernous malformatio...

The aim of this study was to confirm the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery as the initial treatment for patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs), and to decide the optimum dose to achieve long-term tumor control as well as preservation of pituitary endocrine function. The study was a single-center retrospective analysi...

Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has proved to be a safe and effective approach for small- to medium-sized vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Since VSs are histologically benign tumors, it is essential to elucidate long-term results, particularly when applied to young patients with a long life expectancy. In our analysis of 440 patients harboring VSs wit...

Long-term results of radiosurgery for lower cranial nerve schwannomas are reported. There are 33 cases, including 11 males and 22 females, whose age ranging from 26 to 76 years (mean: 47.3 years). Many of them presented with lower cranial nerve signs like swallowing disturbance, hoarseness, hemiatrophy of tongue. As prior treatments, 17 cases under...

The results of radiosurgery in patients with facial schwannoma, 6 males and 12 females, mean age 47.1 years, are reported. Most of the patients presented with facial palsy (12/17) and/or hearing disturbance (13/18). Prior treatments consist of tumor resection or tumor biopsy in 9 out of 18 cases. Tumor volume ranged from 0.9 to 20.8 cc and the mean...

Surgical resection is considered the desirable curative treatment for trigeminal schwannomas. However, complete resection without any complications remains challenging. During the last several decades, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment modality. Information regarding long-term outcomes of SRS for patients...

This article summarizes tumor control and functional outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients with nonvestibular schwannomas, in comparison with those treated with microsurgical resection. To date, surgical resection has been a common treatment for nonvestibular schwannomas. Because these tumors are generally benign, complete tumor...

To retrospectively evaluate the clinical benefit and imaging response of bevacizumab when used to treat refractory adverse radiation effects (ARE) after stereotactic radiosurgery. Twenty-nine patients with brain tumors or vascular malformations developed clinical and/or imaging evidence of ARE after SRS and were treated using bevacizumab. Patients...

Object Little is known about long-term outcomes, including tumor control and adverse radiation effects, in patients harboring vestibular schwannomas (VSs) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery > 10 years previously. The aim of this study was to confirm whether Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for VSs continues to be safe and effective > 10 years after tr...

A 30-year-old female developed moyamoya syndrome after gamma knife surgery (GKS) for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and was treated with bypass surgery. She suffered from flittering scotoma, right transient hemianopsia, and headache for 1 year. Cerebral angiography revealed a Spetzler-Martin grade III AVM located in the left occipital l...

Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) has been a safe and effective treatment for small- to medium-sized vestibular schwannomas (VSs) over relatively long-term outcomes. However, even with recent radiosurgical techniques, hearing results following GKS remain unsatisfactory. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hearing preservation rate as well as fact...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes in patients with convexity, parasagittal, or falcine meningiomas treated using Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) and to determine management strategy considering a risk of radiation-induced edema. One hundred twelve patients who harbored 125 convexity, parasagittal, or falcine meningiomas were assessed. Fo...

Background: In addition to tumor control, it is important to evaluate functional outcomes following radiosurgery for intracranial schwannomas. Methods: We reviewed 432 cases of various intracranial schwannomas treated with radiosurgery, including vestibular (317), trigeminal (40), lower cranial nerve (25), facial (15), and bilateral schwannomas ass...

To determine the limiting dose to the optic apparatus in single-fraction irradiation in patients with craniopharyngioma treated with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). One hundred patients with 109 craniopharyngiomas treated with GKRS were evaluated with a median follow-up period of 68 months. Tumor volume varied from 0.1 to 36.0 (median, 3.3) cm. Ma...

Long-term results of radiosurgery for GI to GIV astrocytomas are described. We have treated 172 astrocytoma cases in total, including 25 GI cases, 52 GII cases, 41 GIII cases and 54 GIV astrocytoma cases. There were 81 males and 91 females, with a mean age of 14.8 for GI, 33 for GII, 45.8 for GIII and 52.4 years for GIV. The maximum and marginal do...

Radiosurgery is increasingly being used to treat pineal region tumors, either as an additional therapy after conventional treatments or as a primary treatment. We report our experience with Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the treatment of pineal and related tumors. Forty-nine patients underwent GKRS for pineal and related tumors (n = 74) betwee...

Results of radiosurgery for dural arterio-venous fistulas were reported. There are 24 cases, consisting of 16 males and 8 females, whose mean age was 59.5 years old. DAVFs were located in cavernous sinus (7), transverse-sigmoid sinus (6), cerebellar tent (5), anterior skull base (2), cranio-cervical junction (2) and others (2). Fistulas with a mean...

Hypothalamic hamartomas are relatively rare congenital tumors and present peculiar clinical symptoms such as convulsive and gelastic seizures, mental retardation, various abnormal behaviors as well as precocious puberty. We have treated 8 cases of symptomatic hypothalamic hamartomas with gamma knife surgery. There are 7 males and one female, ages r...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiosurgical outcomes in skull base chordomas and chondrosarcomas, and to determine which tumors are appropriate for stereotactic radiosurgery as adjuvant therapy following maximum tumor resection. Thirty-seven patients (48 lesions) were treated using Gamma Knife surgery (GKS); 27 had chordomas, seven had...

The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes, including tumor control and neurological function, in patients with cavernous sinus meningiomas treated using Gamma Knife surgery (GKS). One hundred fifteen patients with cavernous sinus meningiomas, excluding atypical or malignant meningiomas, were treated with GKS between 1991 and 2003. Fo...

Long-term follow-up results of craniopharyngiomas after radiosurgery are reported. Among 125 cases of craniopharyngioma, long-term follow-up more than 6 months is obtained in 108 cases. Majority of the cases have had surgical excision before radiosurgery. The tumors, 19 mm in mean diameter were treated with the mean maximum dose of 22.1 Gy and with...

Information on outcomes of Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for patients harboring trigeminal schwannomas is limited because these tumors are rare. The authors evaluated tumor control and functional outcomes in patients who underwent GKS for trigeminal schwannomas to clarify the efficacy of this treatment. Forty-two patients with trigeminal schwannomas bu...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of radiosurgery in patients with facial schwannoma. The study population consisted of 14 patients, six men and eight women, with a mean age of 45.4 years. Most of the patients had presented with facial palsy (11 of 14 patients) and/or hearing disturbance (nine of 14 patients). Prior treatment in nin...

A 70-year-old woman with an asymptomatic parasagittal meningioma had been under observation with follow-up imaging for 2 years. She gradually developed motor weakness in the left hand. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging disclosed a newly developed well-enhanced area in the cerebral parenchyma adjacent to the stable original meningioma. The new lesion...

Stereotactic radiosurgery has been accepted as a safe and effective treatment in patients harboring a vestibular schwannoma. However, during follow-up, tumor expansion induced by high-dose irradiation can occur. Tumor expansion is more likely to be transient, but this phenomenon causes some confusion regarding whether further treatment should be pe...

One hundred craniopharyngioma cases were treated by Gamma Knife and followed-up for a mean of 65.5 (6-148) months. Mean tumor diameter and volume were 18.8mm and 3.8 ml. The tumors were treated with a maximum dose of 21.8Gy, a marginal dose of 11.5Gy, and a mean of 4.5 isocenters. Overall, the complete response rate was 19.4%, response rate 67.4%,...

Cavernous malformations are known as essentially benign and silent disease. However, they become symptomatic with hemorrhage, seizure or neurological signs. In the cases with supratentorial lesions, seizures are so often intractable and resistant to anticonvulsants. We have experienced 25 cases with such intractable seizures and treated with radios...

Long-term results of radiosurgery for epidermoid tumors are reported. There are 7 cases including 2 males and 5 females, ages ranging from 6 to 46 (mean: 33.3 years). At radiosurgery whole tumor was covered in 4 cases and partially covered in 3 cases in attempting to relieve cranial nerve signs like trigeminal neuralgia and facial spasm. The mean m...

The authors analyzed the long-term outcomes of gamma knife surgery (GKS) for residual or recurrent craniopharyngiomas after microsurgery and the effects of dose reduction. A total of 107 patients with craniopharyngiomas were treated with GKS at Komaki City Hospital during the past 12 years, and 98 patients were followed up for 6 to 148 months (mean...

Therapeutic brain irradiation can cause progressive decline in cognitive function, particularly in children, but the reason for this effect is unclear. The study explored whether age-related differences in apoptotic sensitivity might contribute to the increased vulnerability of the young brain to radiation. Postnatal day 1 (P1) to P30 mice were tre...

Many investigators have reported successful treatment of vestibular schwannomas with gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS). However, long-term outcomes should be evaluated before concluding that GKRS is truly safe and effective for the treatment of vestibular schwannomas. Between May 1991 and December 1998, 346 consecutive patients (excluding those prese...

Gamma knife surgery (GKS) has been a safe and effective treatment for vestibular schwannomas in both the short and long term, although less is known about long-term outcomes in the past 10 years. The aim of this study was to clarify long-term outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannomas treated using GKS based on techniques in place in the earl...

The long-term results of radiosurgery for cavernous malformations (CMs) are reported. 152 cases (mean age 37.2 years) of symptomatic CMs have been treated with a gamma knife. The majority of them were located in eloquent areas like the brainstem or basal ganglia, followed by lobar and cerebellar lesions. With the mean maximum and marginal dose of 2...

Neurotransplantation has focused on disorders that involve subcortical brain targets. We evaluated the concepts of epileptic focus repair and changes in animal behavior through replacement of lost hippocampal neurons. The safety of hippocampal neurotransplantation was assessed in the rat kainic acid (KA) epilepsy model. Sixty-three rats were studie...

The efficacy of stereotactic intracavitary irradiation with phosphorus-32 ((32)P) for patients with cystic craniopharyngiomas was assessed on the basis of patient survival, tumor control, and visual and endocrinological function before and after treatment. Limited data are available regarding long-term outcomes. Forty-nine patients were treated wit...

Outcomes in patients with brain metastases from gastrointestinal tract cancers are not well defined. In this study we used precise, single-session, focal tumor irradiation (radiosurgery) in patients with brain metastases and evaluated the results. Thirty-nine patients had brain metastases from gastrointestinal tract cancer and were treated with rad...

Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) provides benefit for patients with brain metastases but may result in neurological toxicity for patients with extended survival times. Stereotactic radiosurgery in combination with WBRT has become an important approach, but the value of WBRT has been questioned. As an alternative to WBRT, we managed patients with ste...

In this study, we evaluated the results in four patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCT) of the pineal region. All underwent radiosurgery in conjunction with surgical resection, fractionated radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Four male patients with pineal region NGGCT were treated with radiosurgery. The mean age was 16.5 years. Three pat...

One hundred seven cases of craniopharyngiomas were treated using gamma knife surgery (GKS) at Komaki City Hospital during the past 12 years. The authors report the long-term results obtained in 100 patients who were followed for 6 to 148 months (mean 65.5 months). All patients underwent GKS. The mean tumor diameter and volume were 18.8 mm and 5.8 m...

In this study, we evaluated the results in four patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCT) of the pineal region. All underwent radiosurgery in conjunction with surgical resection, fractionated radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Four male patients with pineal region NGGCT were treated with radiosurgery. The mean age was 16.5 years. Three pat...

Sinus histiocytosis or Rosai—Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare idiopathic histioproliferative disorder typically characterized by painless cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and weight loss. Extranodal, intracranial disease is uncommon. In this report the authors describe the first case of intracranial RDD treated with stereotactic radiosurgery after r...

Radiosurgery is an appealing alternative management strategy for selected patients with biopsy-proved pineal parenchymal tumors. The purpose of this report was to clarify its role in conjunction with other surgical, radiation, and medical approaches. We retrospectively evaluated 16 patients who had undergone radiosurgery as the primary or adjuvant...

OBJECTIVE : Radiosurgery is an appealing alternative management strategy for selected patients with biopsy-proved pineal parenchymal tumors. The purpose of this report was to clarify its role in conjunction with other surgical, radiation, and medical approaches. METHODS : We retrospectively evaluated 16 patients who had undergone radiosurgery as th...

Stereotactic radiosurgery has been used for patients with high-risk cavernous malformations of the brain. We performed radiosurgery for patients with symptomatic, imaging-confirmed hemorrhages for which resection was believed to be associated with high risk. This study examines the long-term hemorrhage rate after radiosurgery. We reviewed data obta...

Stereotactic radiosurgery has become an important and minimally invasive alternative for patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia. When a second procedure is necessary, the outcomes are unknown. The degree of pain relief and morbidity after repeat radiosurgery were studied. Thirty-one patients underwent a second gamma knife radiosurgery proced...