Tong Sun

University of Rochester | UR · Department of Chemistry

Objective Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a significant cause of global mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to analyze the burden of ICH and its variation trends across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Materials and methods The study population comprised individuals of all ages and genders with ICH in 204 countries and regi...

Background Photobiomodulation (PBM) using low-level light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be rapidly applied to various neurological disorders safely and non-invasively. Materials and Methods Forty-eight rats were involved in this study. The traumatic brain injury (TBI) model of rat was set up by a controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. An 8-channel...

Objective: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. This study aimed to analyze the burden and 30-year trends of ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in China. Methods: Data that include incidence and mortality of stroke in China from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2019 were deriv...

Background: Early shunt obstruction (SO) remains the most common cause of lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) failure. Although there is anecdotal evidence that the level of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters might affect shunt performance, its association with early LPS obstruction in adults with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is unclear. Methods:...

Introduction: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) remains the most widely used methods to treat communicating hydrocephalus. More recently, lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) has been suggested as a reasonable option in some studies. However, there is lack of high-quality studies comparing these two techniques in order to certain the benefits and harms to u...

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) remain the mainstay of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH). There are no randomized controlled trials completed to compare the efficacy of these 2 shunt techniques. Methods/design: We will conduct a monocentric, assessor-blinded, and randomized controlled tr...

Deferoxamine (DFO) is a widely used drug for the treatment of iron-overload related diseases in clinic. However, its inherent shortcomings such as short plasma half-life and cytotoxicity remain to be addressed to widen its clinical utility. In this work, PEGylated DFO was first synthesized and its chemical structure was characterized, and then in v...

Background: External lumbar drainage (ELD) remains the most common used methods with a higher sensitivity before lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) implantation to predict the shunt outcomes in the treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, the benefits of such supplemental test have not been tested in the treatment of post-hemorrhag...

Background: The best treatment option for patients with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) remains controversial. The objective of the current meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with PHH treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS). Methods: We search literatures throug...

Introduction: Cranioplasty following decompressive craniectomy is routinely performed to restore integrity of skull and improve neurological function. However, reconstructing the cranial defect brings many challenges to neurosurgeons and search for ideal implant materials is one of the most controversial issues. Although many studies have compared...

Background: One of the most common complications following autologous cranioplasty is bone flap resorption (BFR). Severe BFR can lead to revision surgery with implantation of synthetic bone flap and also necessarily lead to higher hospital expenses. This study aims to perform a meta-analysis to summarize available evidence regarding risk factors o...

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) surgery remains the most widely accepted and used option method to treat post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) worldwide while lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) serves as an effectively alternative treatment. However, the outcomes of VPS and LPS in the treatment of PHH have not been compared in a prospective t...

An outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) that emerged in Wuhan has rapidly spread throughout China and has now become a global public health concern. As of the early March, a total of 100,000 cases have been confirmed in multiple countries. Clinical characteristics of 2019‐nCoV that respiratory symptoms, such as cough, are the most common.[1]...

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a growing health problem globally, which causes a progressive decline in learning and memory and multiple disturbances of circadian rhythms. Six Alzheimer’s mice and six wild type (WT) mice were involved in this study. Morris Water Maze (MWM) tasks were conducted hourly to evaluate their circadian learning and memory perfo...

While deferoxamine (DFO) has long been used as an FDA-approved iron chelator, its proangiogenesis ability attracts increasing number of research interests. To address its drawbacks such as short plasma half-life and toxicity, polymeric conjugated strategy has been proposed and shown superiority. Owing to intravenous injection and application in blo...

Penetrating head injury (PHI) is rare, and thus management of such injuries is non-standard. Early diagnosis and intro-operational comprehensive exploration are necessary considering the complexity and severity of the trauma. However, because of the lack of micro-surgical techniques in local hospitals, the possible retained foreign bodies and other...

Introduction Cranioplasty is a common surgery in neurosurgery department. However, restoring the integrity of skull brings many challenges to surgeons, and the selection of ideal implant materials is throughout the history of cranioplasty. Although titanium mesh was still preferred by many neurosurgeons in cranial reconstruction, the new polyethere...

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of use of a lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) to treat all-cause communicating hydrocephalus (ACCH). Methods: We analyzed the outcomes of adult patients with ACCH treated with an LPS between June 2015 and June 2018, using Keifer's hydrocephalus score (KHS), postoperative symptom improvement score (SIS), and the Evans...

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is known for its unique biological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial activity, biological recognition, and immune enhancing effects, and thus continuous attracting many research interests in drug, food, cosmetics, biomaterials and tissue engineering fields. In comparison to...

Oligochitosan (OCHI) is known to have some specific biological activities. However, its interactions with blood components and related correlation with molecular structures remains to be clarified due to its growing use in biomedical areas. Herein, a series of OCHI were prepared by hydrogen peroxide induced degradation combined fractionation in eth...

Background Lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) attracts increasing number of research interest in the treatment of hydrocephalus due to minimal invasiveness. However, the outcome of LPS-treated posttraumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) is poorly learnt, remaining unknown to date. Methods We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with PTH treated by LPS in our de...

Background: A successful animal brainstem hemorrhage model can be used to study pathophysiology as well as molecular mechanisms of neurological deterioration or recovery and therapeutic interventions after the brainstem hemorrhage. Herein, we provide a reproducible and reliable model for rat brainstem hemorrhage and summarize our key points to suc...

Objective: Lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS) has been demonstrated an effective method for the treatment of communicating hydrocephalus in the presence of frequent shunt failure. To determine if establishing a preoperative evaluation system could benefit patients thus attenuating the risk of LPS failure. Methods: In this three-year study, treated by L...

Objective: Cranioplasty (CP) can be either embedded or covered, according to the implants used. However, determining which one is better in treating cranial defects is difficult. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and complications of embedded CP and covered CP. Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was carried out with patie...