Thomas I Gee

University of Lincoln · School of Sport and Exercise Science

The aim of this systematic review is to comprehensively assess the weight loss (WL) practices in different combat sports (CS). The review protocol was preregistered with PROSPERO [CRD42023487196]. Three databases were searched (Web of Science, EBSCOhost, and PubMed) until 8 December 2023. Eligible studies had to meet five criteria: they must have b...

Gee, TI, Campbell, P, Bargh, MJ, and Martin, D. Rapid weight loss practices within Olympic weightlifters. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2046-2051, 2023-Rapid weight loss (RWL) practices are common among athletes to "make weight" for a chosen bodyweight class. This study's purpose was to investigate RWL prevalence, magnitude, and methods within Olympi...

Background: Rapid weight loss (RWL) practices are common amongst strength-sport athletes to 'make weight' for a chosen weight class. Aim: This study compared the RWL practices of International Powerlifting Federation (IPF) powerlifters from Great Britain. Methods: Participants (n = 69, male = 36, female = 33) were recruited from IPF lifting populat...

Thoughts and perceptions of weight cutting in Olympic Weightlifters

Over the past two decades, strength and conditioning (S&C) and sport science roles have growm within a professional team’s performance department. The last study to evaluate the practices of S&C coaches in the National Hockey League (NHL) was done nearly 20 years ago. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide an in depth review of the curre...

Hamstring strain injuries are common within professional footballers with high-speed running (HSR) being known to increase the likelihood of sustaining a hamstring injury. This study aimed to assess the acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR) of HSR that preceded hamstring injuries in professional footballers. Global positioning system (GPS)-derived H...

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the reliability of surface electromyography (EMG) assessed at seven muscles during three repeated 2000 m rowing ergometer sessions. Methods Twelve male well-trained rowers participated in a repeated measures design, performing three 2000 m rowing ergometer sessions interspersed by 3–7 days (S1, S2, S3). Surf...

Background: Nutrition is increasingly becoming a greater part of medicine and in particular surgery. Pertinent nutritional clinical goals involve reducing recovery times by supplementing patients with additional nutrients and to prepare them for elective surgery so that recovery can be optimised. To assist in achieving the aforementioned outcomes w...

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of complex-paired and reverse-contrast 10-week training programs on sprint, power, and change-of-direction speed performance of elite academy soccer players. Methods: Seventeen elite academy soccer players each performed assessments of the 10- and 40-m sprint, Abalakov vertical jump, seated medicine-b...

The purpose of this research was to explore consistency and stability of the free-weight back squat load-velocity profile before and after completion of a six-week strength and power intervention. The data presented demonstrates acceptable levels of systematic and proportional bias supporting consistency and stability even in the presence of signif...

This study aimed to assess warm-up practices within professional and amateur Rugby League players, specifically to determine players’ perceptions why particular methods were used and discover whether any differences existed in warm-up practices and perceptions between the two separate standards. The study used a 10-question online questionnaire to...

Combat athletes are categorised in weight divisions to prevent size and strength disparities and are required to 'make weight' at an official pre-competition weigh-in 8. Consequently, pre-competition rapid weight loss is a key component of combat sport culture 7 and is believed to be a fundamental aspect of preparation 6. Athletes are reported to r...

This study compared the effects of dictating load using individual (ILVP) or group (GLVP) load-velocity profiles on lower-body strength and power. Nineteen trained males (23.6 ± 3.7 years) completed a back squat one-repetition maximum (1-RM), load-velocity profiling (LVP), and countermovement (CMJ), static-squat (SSJ) and standing-broad (SBJ) jump...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of an 8 week neuromuscular training protocol on dynamic neuromuscular control and physical performance. Twenty female court‐sport athletes were randomly allocated to two groups, a control (n = 10) and an intervention group (n = 10). All participants performed pre‐testing inclusive of; a 20‐m sprint, count...

Please find attached the abstract for the presentation

Intensive resistance exercise can result in exercise-induced-muscle-damage, which commonly leads to reductions in acute muscle function. Post-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate-protein mixtures intends to attenuate these effects. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of whey protein hydrolysate and milk-based formulated drinks on recovery o...

An experimental study exploring the impact of six weeks resistance training utilising two different velocity-based loading methods on maximal strength in trained males. This study explored the use of individual load-velocity profiling vs. group load-velocity profiling

This study explored the effects of velocity-based training (VBT) on maximal strength and jump height. Sixteen trained males (22.8 ± 4.5 years) completed a countermovement jump test (CMJ), and one repetition maximum (1-RM) assessment on back squat, bench press, strict overhead press, and deadlift, before and after six weeks of resistance training. P...

An experimental study exploring the impact of six weeks resistance training utilising two different loading methods on maximal strength in trained males. Velocity-based loading vs. percentage-based loading

This study investigated the validity and reliability of the GymAware PowerTool (GPT). Thirteen resistance trained participants completed three visits, consisting of three repetitions of free-weight back squat, bench press, deadlift (80% one repetition maximum), and countermovement jump. Bar displacement, peak and mean velocity, peak and mean force,...

METHODS Participants 83 of 99 contacted RL players completed the questionnaire (response rate = 84%). RL players from both Amateur (n = 53) and Professional (n = 30) backgrounds provided informed consent to participate (mean ± SD, age; 26 ± 8 years, playing experience; 12 ± 12 years). Recruited Professionals performed in the English 'Super League',...

PURPOSE: To assess the validity and whole system reliability of the GymAware power tool across a range of traditional strength training exercises. METHODS: Thirteen resistance trained individuals (mean ± SD, age: 26.5 ± 4.8 years, stature: 174.1 ± 9.5 cm, body mass: 81.9 ± 12.1 kg) were recruited. Subjects completed three repeated visits, each cons...

This study investigated the effects of a low to moderately intense resistance-band exercise intervention on cutaneous microvascular function in an older population. 18 sedentary healthy participants (age: 58±5) were assessed for their upper and lower-limb endothelial cutaneous vascular conductance using laser Doppler fluximetry with endothelial-dep...

An experimental study to explore the validity and reliability of a the GymAware PowerTool across a range of commonly practiced resistance training exercises.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the acute effects of two different quantities of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) on the recovery of muscle function following high-intensity resistance training in trained individuals. Five resistance-trained males were recruited and performed baseline assessments of, countermovement (CMJ) and squat jum...

Intensive strength-training (ST) can result in exercise-induced-muscle-damage (EIMD), which commonly leads to reductions in acute muscle function. Post-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate-protein mixtures attempt to attenuate the effects of EIMD. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of whey-protein-hydrolysate and milk-based formulated drin...

This intervention aimed to improve Badminton-specific functional performance of an elite under-19 player (18 years) via a single-weekly resistance and plyometric training (RPT) session for 8-weeks. The athlete’s ‘response-to’ and ‘withdrawal-from’ the RPT were assessed. The athlete (stature: 1.77 m, mass: 81.5 kg) completed the RPT intervention thr...

This study aimed to determine the effects of a short-term, strength training intervention, typically undertaken by club-standard rowers, on 2,000 m rowing performance and strength and power development. Twenty-eight male rowers were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. All participants performed baseline testing involving assessment...

This study aimed to determine the effect of plyometric training (PT) when added to habitual gymnastic training (HT) on handspring vault (HV) performance variables. Twenty youth female competitive gymnasts (Age: 12.5 ± 1.67 y) volunteered to participate and were randomly assigned to two independent groups. The experimental plyometric training group...

Raw Results Data. (DOC)

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation on recovery of power-producing ability following a strength training (ST) session. Methods: Eleven resistance-trained males, performed baseline measures of a countermovement jump (CMJ) and a seated shot-put throw (SSPT). In a counterbalanc...

Supplementary creatine, available in many different forms but most commonly monohydrate, is a legal and reportedly safe to consume nutritional ergogenic aid. After searching internationally recognised research databases, this review provides and update on the current literature on the physiological effects of creatine supplementation on performance...

Purpose: Complex training alternates a high-load strength exercise (85%> of 1RM) with an explosive or plyometric exercise, set-to-set, in the same session. This method is supported by the assumption of a post-activation-potentiation (PAP) of the neuromuscular system. Acute PAP has been shown to occur at 8-min following the performance of high-load...

The acute effects different quantities of branched-chain amino acids have on recovery of muscle function Purpose: Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation has been shown to significantly reduce the undesirable effects commonly associated with high-intensity training, which include decreases in muscle function and increases in muscle sorene...

Ingestion of dietary nitrate has shown to improve endurance exercise performance, however effects on short-term maximal intensity exercise are currently unknown. The study aimed to investigate whether supplementation with dietary nitrate has an ergogenic effect on sprint cycling exercise. Following a baseline trial, ten recreationally active males...

Purpose: Fitness testing is a visible part of many youth and senior football programs (Pyne et al. 2014). A high priority is given to physical assessments that relate to the demands of match performance (Rampinini et al. 2007). However somewhat surprisingly, the reproducibility of common assessments using elite football cohorts are not widely repor...

Purpose: Dietary nitrate is shown to improve exercise tolerance and muscle contractile efficiency during severe intensity exercise, leading to improved cycling time-trial performance within a range of distances (4-16 km) (Lansley et al., 2011). One proposed mechanism for nitrate’s ergogenic effect is related to enhanced efficiency of the ATP-PC sys...

Experimental Design Participants In a randomised single-blind crossover study, eleven resistance-trained males (Mean ± SD, age: 24.7 ± 5.9 years, stature: 1.80 ± 0.07 m, body mass: 79.0 ± 7.6 kg) were recruited. Procedure Participants initially performed baseline measures of three individual countermovement jumps (CMJ) and three individual seated s...

This study investigated the pacing strategy adopted and the consistency of performance and related physiological parameters across three 2000-m rowing-ergometer tests. Fourteen male well-trained rowers took part in the study. Each participant performed three 2000-m rowing-ergometer tests interspersed by 3-7 d. Throughout the trials, respiratory exc...

This study evaluated the impact of a high-intensity strength training session on rowing sprint performance. Ten male club rowers performed a baseline counter-movement jump (CMJ) and a 250 m rowing ergometer sprint (250 m). Twenty-four hours after baseline, participants performed a high-intensity strength training session (ST) consisting of multi-jo...

This study evaluated the impact of a high-intensity strength training session on rowing sprint performance. Ten male club rowers performed a baseline counter-movement jump (CMJ) and a 250 m rowing ergometer sprint (250 m). Twenty-four hours after baseline, participants performed a high-intensity strength training session (ST) consisting of multi-jo...

Research has previously shown that rowers commonly perform strength training three times per week. However, no research has assessed the impact that this weekly frequency of strength training may have on muscle function. Twenty-two highly trained male rowers were evenly assigned to two groups; intervention and control. All rowers performed baseline...

There is limited published research on the practices of strength and conditioning (S &C) coaches in Great Britain. Information about training program design would be useful in developing models of good practice and ecologically valid intervention studies. The aim of this research was to quantify the training practices of coaches responsible for the...

Rowers regularly undertake rowing training within 24 h of performing bouts of strength training; however, the effect of this practice has not been investigated. This study evaluated the impact of a bout of high-intensity strength training on 2,000 m rowing ergometer performance and rowing-specific maximal power. Eight highly trained male club rower...

One repetition maximum (1RM) strength tests have been the criterion assessment of force producing capabilities of athletes. The bench press exercise is regularly employed to test and train upper body strength. The Myotest® is a small, portable tri-axis accelerometer, which has been validated (in-house) for measurement of barbell velocity and calcul...