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PAPR reduction of OQAM-OFDM signals using segmental PTS scheme with low complexity
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In this paper, a novel segmental partial transmit sequence (S-PTS) scheme is proposed for the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction in offset quadrature amplitude modulation based orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OQAM-OFDM) systems. The key idea of the S-PTS scheme is to divide the overlapped OQAM-OFDM signals into a number of segments, and then some disjoint subblocks are divided and multiplied with different phase rotation factors in each segment. Compared with the conventional PTS scheme directly employed in OQAM-OFDM sytems, the S-PTS scheme could offer better PAPR reduction with lower computational complexity.
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... There are various study areas of interest. Reduce the FBMC system's PAPR [5] - [8]. PAPR should be reduced. ...
... The S-PLS definition is to divide OQAM-OFDM overlaps into a number of segments, divide some disjoined subblocks into them and multiply them by various rotational phase factors in each section. In comparative with the traditional PTS system used directly on OQAM-OFDM systems, the S-PTS System could increase the reduction of PAPR by less computational complexity [5]. To reduce PAPR and allow the recovery of data, the ECM technology uses slightly modified SLM approach without SI transmission or any SI estimates. ...
Channel capacity and Peak Average to Power Ratio (PAPR) are essential elements in offering dependable communication through wireless medium in wireless communication system. The rating of an amplifier in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system, as well as prospective future candidates of 5G systems such as Filter Bank Multicarrier (FBMC) and Universal Filtered Multicarrier (UFMC), affected by a high peak to average power ratio. The demand for channel capacity fluctuates due to the growing number of wireless network users. This paper recommended a low PAPR FBMC method, showing excellent performance in terms of PAPR reduction gain, overhead computation complexity and overhead SI compared to the current PAPR reduction scheme. In order to further increase the reduction in PAPR we have developed four variants of FBMC waveforms for DFT expansion, ITSM and the selected with the smallest peak capacity. In order to further reduce the PAPR rate of DFT expansion we have produced four different versions. After implementation of the proposed algorithm, the PAPR of the FBMC method has been considerably reduced. Following use of DFT propagation and ITSM conditioning, PAPR was decreased by 25 percent. The side data, which is persistent with traditional PAPR reduction techniques like cutting, partial transmission series, and selective mapping, is also disabled. The proposed device improves the transmitters' lifetime and efficiency through waveform accuracy. The study begun was planned to reduce the limitations of contending waveforms in order to create a resourceful communication system.
... This algorithm processed the phase factor of PTS using a two-layer search and, in order to minimize computational complexity, used an effective algorithm for estimating the PAPR value. Improved bi-layer partial transmit sequence and iterative clipping and filtering (IBPTS-ICF) approach in [15] substantially reduced the PAPR of FBMC/OQAM signal by combining PTS with nonlinear clipping and filtering techniques. However, the IBPTS-ICF becomes more complex as the number of sub-blocks increases. ...
... The FBMC-OQA-M alerts are divided into many sub-blocks. The segmental partial transmit sequence (S-PTS) algorithm is applied to lessen the PAPR values within the FBMC-OQAM systems (Chen and Li 2014). However, these current PTS algorithms of the FBMC-OQAM systems are notably complicated. ...
In defence and other personal communication systems, the multicarrier modulation (MCM) is a means to achieve high amount of data rate and proven to be immune to multipath fading channels. Offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM)-based filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) is one of the MCM schemes to satisfy the necessities of destiny Wi-Fi configuration. Like OFDM and different multicarrier schemes, FBMC also exhibits excessive peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which leads us to the use of excessive amplifiers with high dynamic range. In this paper, ant colony optimization (ACO) approach is used to reduce the PAPR. A partial transmit sequence (PTS) technique for PAPR reduction of FBMC-OQAM scheme is proposed. PTS combined with optimization technique helps in decreasing the PAPR to a greater extent with the aid of minimizing the PAPR of every facts block and optimizing the usage of every unit. The clipping technique is used to get better the alerts compressed, and the bit error rate (BER) is evaluated on the receiving end. The simulation outcomes show that the proposed approach successfully reduces the excessive peaks inside the FBMC-OQAM system. The experimental results are performed using MATLAB.
... A constructive optimization model that reduces the PAPR for OFDM symbols by constantly modifying the filter coefficients in an ICF operation. In March 2011, writer Jeon [8] leveraged the similarities between the needed signal produced in PTS to create a new approach with lower computing complexity than a traditional PTS method. ...
In wireless technology, OFDM is an effective multi-carrier modulation technique. It's utilized in 4G mobile communications, wireless systems, cable tv, power cable networks, and sound broadcast, among other things. For multi-carrier communication, it has both benefits and downsides. The removal of ICI and ISI in the stream is one of the key benefits. However, one of the primary drawbacks of OFDM is the highest Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of the transmitter, which has a significant impact on the complexities of the operational amplifiers. TR, SLM, clipping and filtering, PTS and other methods are suggested and applied to avoid and lessen PAPR. This publication provides a detailed overview and evaluation of all strategies.
... Paper [26] proposed a low-complexity hybrid processing algorithm based on PTS (H-PTS), which processed the phase factor of PTS through two-layer search and adopted an efficient PAPR value estimation algorithm to reduce the computational complexity. Improved bilayer partial transmit sequence and iterative clipping and filtering (IBPTS-ICF) method in [27], which combined the PTS with nonlinear clipping and filtering methods to reduce the PAPR of FBMC/OQAM signal effectively. However, with the increase of the number of subblocks, the complexity of the IBPTS-ICF increases further. ...
Partial transmit sequence (PTS) is an effective method to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, but it is not suitable for the filter bank multi-carrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC/OQAM) system because of the overlapping structure of FBMC/OQAM signals. And PTS needs the traversal method to search for the optimal solution, which will increase the complexity of the system. To overcome this shortcoming, a PTS based on discrete particle swarm optimization with threshold (PTS-DPSO-TH) is proposed and applied to FBMC/OQAM system in this paper. PTS-DPSO-TH uses discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) to search for the optimal solution, effectively reducing the excessively high PAPR of the FBMC/OQAM system and avoiding the increase of system complexity. Secondly, the threshold is introduced to decrease the number of iterations and further reduce the system's complexity on the premise of guaranteeing the performance of PAPR reduction. Furthermore, through simulation, the effects of multiple parameters on PAPR reduction performance of PTS-DPSO-TH are compared and analysed. © 2021 The Authors. IET Communications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of Engineering and Technology
... The alternative option is to rearrange the data symbols without altering the way signals are generated. such as the selective mapping (SLM) [15][16][17], tone reservation (TR) [18], partial transmission sequence (PTS) [19][20][21] and active constellation extension (ACE) [22][23][24][25]. It should be emphasised that the two categories listed above are rarely antagonistic. ...
In this paper, two new companders are designed to reduce the ratio of peak to average power (PAPR) experienced by filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) signals. Specifically, the compander basic model is generalized, which alter the distributed FBMC signal amplitude peak. The proposed companders design approach provides better performance in terms of reducing the PAPR, Bit Error Rate (BER) and phase error degradation over the previously existing compander schemes. Many PAPR reduction approaches, such as the Mu-law companding technique, are also available. It results in the formation of spectrum side lobes, although the proposed techniques result in a spectrum with fewer side lobes. The theoretical analysis of linear compander and expander transform for a few specific parameters are derived and analyzed. The suggested linear companding technique is analytically analysed using simulations to show that it efficiently decreases the high peaks in the FBMC system. Keywords- BER, CCDF, Compander, FBMC, OQAM, PAPR, PSD.
Digital terrestrial video broadcasting systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), such as second generation of terrestrial digital video broadcasting standard (DVB-T2), often include carriers reserved for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction. This paper presents a low-complexity PAPR reduction method that inserts coded data onto a subset of reserved carriers. Using differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) with repetition coding, the proposed method generates a time-domain peak-cancellation signal that carries additional information. The carrier selection and the signal amplitude of the coded DBPSK data is optimized, also to avoid the regrowth of other peaks. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the tone reservation (TR) algorithm of the DVB-T2 standard in terms of both PAPR reduction performance and computational complexity. The proposed algorithm is also significantly less complex than the clipping-and-filtering (CF) algorithm and than the active constellation extension (ACE) algorithm of the DVB-T2 standard, despite lower reduction of PAPR. Since the proposed method modifies only the reserved carriers of DVB-T2, the compatibility with existing DVB-T2 receivers is fully guaranteed.
Single-carrier frequency division multiple access is paired with filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) offset quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-FDMA). To improve upon the classic FBMC precoding scheme, we use a trimmed discrete fourier transform (DFT) in conjunction with one-tap scaling. SC-FDMA requires a cyclic prefix, but the proposed technique has the same peak-to-average power ratio and produces substantially less out-of-band radiation. Complex orthogonal restoration and FBMC ramp-up/ramp-down times are greatly decreased, making it possible for low-latency transmissions to be achieved. Our approach has only twice the computational complexity of pure SC-FDMA. Our assertions are backed up by simulations on channels with two levels of selection and a free MATLAB code. Note that a modified SC-FDMA transmission method can be viewed as a DFT-spread FBMC that has been trimmed. Traditional FBMC systems have more requirements for the filter, while the prototype filter has less of them. Software such as MATLAB is used throughout the entire endeavour. The proposed approach drastically reduced the PAPR of the FBMC technique by 25%.
KeywordsFBMCSC-FDMAPAPRDFTBER and 5G
Data mining is capable of giving and providing the hidden, unknown,
and interesting information in terms of knowledge in healthcare industry. It is useful
to form decision support systems for the disease prediction and valid diagnosis of
health issues. The concepts of data mining can be used to recommend the solutions
and suggestions in medical sector for precautionary measures to control the disease
origin at early stage. Today, diabetes is a most common and life taking syndrome
found all over theworld. The presence of diabetes itself is a cause tomany other health
issues in the form of side effects in human body. In such cases when considered, a
need is to find the hidden data patterns from diabetic data to discover the knowledge so
as to reduce the invisible health problems that arise in diabetic patients. Many studies
have shown that AssociativeClassification concept of dataminingworks well and can
derive good outcomes in terms of prediction accuracy. This research work holds the
experimental results of the work carried out to predict and detect the by-diseases in
diabetic patients with the application of Associative Classification, and it discusses
an improved algorithmic method of Associative Classification named Associative
Classification using Maximum Threshold and Super Subsets (ACMTSS) to achieve
accuracy in better terms.
Keywords Knowledge · By-disease · Maximum threshold · Super subsets ·
ACMTSS · Associative Classification
The filter bank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM) has attracted increasing attention recently. In this paper, we address the problem of PAPR reduction for FBMC-OQAM systems using Tone Reservation (TR) technique. Due to the overlapping structure of FBMC-OQAM signals, directly applying TR schemes of OFDM systems to FBMC-OQAM systems is not effective. We improve the tone reservation (TR) technique by employing sliding window for the PAPR reduction of FBMC-OQAM signals, called sliding window tone reservation (SW-TR) technique. The proposed SWTR technique uses the peak reduction tones (PRTs) of several consecutive data blocks to cancel the peaks of the FBMC-OQAM signal inside a window. Furthermore, we propose a method to overlap the sliding windows to control the out-of-window peak regrowth caused by the peak-canceling signal.
A filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) system having a high level of compatibility with OFDM systems is proposed as new technique for Digital TV transmission. In order to reach the level of robustness, selectivity and performance required by the Digital TV transmission channel, the approach is based on near-perfect reconstruction (NPR) filter bank system combined with OQAM modulation. A key feature of the approach is the fractionally-spaced (FS) sub-channel equalizer, which is able to compensate the channel distortions and cope with residual timing offsets. An efficient and accurate technique is described for the derivation of the sub-channel equalizer coefficients from the OFDM frequency domain equalizer coefficients. As FBMC system discarding the use of the guard time interval, commonly used in OFDM systems, the data bit rate can be increased maintaining the same bandwidth.
In this paper, we propose a novel subblock linear combination (SLC), which is based on the cyclic projections algorithm, scheme to reduce the PAPR of OFDM signals. Moreover, an improved SLC method with a relaxation factor, named as the R-SLC scheme, is also proposed to accelerate the convergence rate of the SLC scheme in this paper. The key idea of the two novel methods is to divide an OFDM block into several subblocks, and iteratively generate the linear combination of these subblocks with low PAPR. Compared with the traditional partial transmit sequence (PTS) scheme, the coefficients of the linear combination with the proposed schemes are obtained by iterative calculation with the cyclic projections algorithm, instead of by exhaustive searching and selecting in the preset discrete set. Therefore, one big advantage of the proposed schemes is that the computational complexity is much lower than that of the traditional PTS scheme. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed schemes could offer good performances of the PAPR reduction and bit-error-rate with low computational complexity.
A new partial transmit sequence (PTS) scheme with low computational complexity is proposed, where two search steps are taken to find a subset of phase rotating vectors showing good peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction performance. In the first step, sequences with low correlation are used as phase rotating vectors for PTS scheme, which are called the initial phase vectors. In the second step, local search is performed based on the initial phase vectors to find additional phase rotating vectors which show good PAPR reduction performance. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed PTS scheme achieves better PAPR reduction performance with significantly reduced computational complexity than the existing low-complexity PTS schemes.
The paper proposes a scheme called T-PTS to reduce the partial transmit sequence (PTS) complexity based on W-way tree. With the nodes in the tree corresponding to phase weighting factors and layers corresponding to subblocks, all the candidates can be calculated by the combination of layers and weighting factors on the paths from the root to the leaves. In each layer, we order the nodes in a 2W period, and set the last W nodes bilateral symmetry with the first W nodes, where only one weighting factor on the paths from root to the neighbor leaves is different. Therefore, all candidate signals can be obtained by adding the difference signal on the last candidate, which can reduce the complexity dramatically. Furthermore, extensive simulations show that the proposed T-PTS does not have performance degradation on the peak-to average power ratio (PAPR).
In this paper, a new blind selected mapping (BSLM) scheme is proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems. The proposed BSLM scheme embeds the side information identifying a phase sequence into itself by giving the optimal phase offset to the elements of each phase sequence, which are determined by the biorthogonal vectors for the partitioned subblocks. When U phase sequences and maximum likelihood decoder are used, the proposed BSLM scheme reduces the decoding complexity by (U-2)/U compared with the conventional BSLM scheme. Also, pairwise error probability (PEP) analysis for the proposed BSLM scheme is performed over the fading channel. Based on the PEP analysis, the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed BSLM scheme is shown to be determined by the subblock partitioning and phase offset. Finally, it is shown that for QPSK and 16-QAM, the detection failure probability and the BER of the proposed BSLM scheme are almost the same as those of the conventional BSLM scheme through numerical analysis.
In this paper, an efficient nonlinear companding scheme is proposed to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals. By transforming the statistics of original signals into a specified distribution form along with remaining an unchanged average output power level, this scheme can achieve significant reduction in PAPR as well as an improved BER performance simultaneously. Moreover, by properly adjusting the transform parameters, more design flexibility in companding form can also be given by this scheme to satisfy various system requirements. The theoretical analysis results regarding the transform gain, companding distortion and the selection criteria of parameters are derived. It is proved that this scheme may lead to less signal distortion compared to existing companding schemes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can substantially offer better overall performance of OFDM system in terms of PAPR reduction, BER performance and bandwidth efficiency.
Recently, the filter bank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM) has attracted increasing attention. However, most peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction schemes developed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals are not effective for FBMC-OQAM signals, due to the overlapping structure of FBMC-OQAM signals. In this paper, we propose an improved partial transmit sequence (PTS) scheme by employing multi-block joint optimization (MBJO) for the PAPR reduction of FBMC-OQAM signals, called as MBJO-PTS scheme. In PTS scheme, one data block is divided into several subblocks and each subblock is multiplied by a phase rotation factor for the subblock. The PTS scheme searches over all combinations of allowed phase factors to lower the PAPR. Unlike existing PAPR reduction schemes of independently optimizing the data blocks, the MBJO-based scheme exploits the overlapping structure of the FBMC-OQAM signal and jointly optimizes multiple data blocks. Moreover, we develop two algorithms for the optimization problem in the MBJO-PTS scheme, including a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm to guarantee the optimal solution and avoid exhaustive search. Theoretical analysis and simulations show that the proposed MBJO-PTS scheme could provide a significant PAPR reduction in the FBMC-OQAM system, by exploiting the overlapping structure of the FBMC-OQAM signal. Employing the proposed DP algorithm, the FBMC-OQAM system with the proposed MBJO-PTS scheme even outperforms the OFDM system with the conventional PTS scheme by 0.9 dB at CCDF of 10-3 in PAPR reduction, under the same number of subcarriers, modulation type and PTS parameters given in Section V.
In this letter, an improved tone reservation method, which is based on the least squares approximation, is proposed to reduce the peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Compared with the clipping control method, the proposed scheme can generate the optimal peak-canceling signals with fast convergence. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme only needs two iterations at most to achieve almost the same PAPR reduction as that of the clipping control method. Index Terms—Clipping control, least squares approximation, OFDM, peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), tone reservation.