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Introduction
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Publications
Publications (143)
Smoking and second-hand smoke strongly increase incidence of diabetes and probability for its complications. Smoking cessation can lead to weight gain and increased diabetes risk; however, it decreases cardiovascular and total mortality. A basal diagnostics (Fagerström Test, exhaled CO) is the basis for successful smoking cessation. Supporting medi...
Zusammenfassung
Die vorliegende Leitlinie nimmt Bezug auf die Indikation und praktische Umsetzung der Injektionstherapie (GLP1-Rezeptor Agonisten und Insulin) bei Typ 2 Diabetes.
Zusammenfassung
Akute Stoffwechselentgleisungen können für Erwachsene in Abhängigkeit von ihrem Ausmaß lebensbedrohlich sein. Dementsprechend sind eine rasche umfassende Diagnostik und Therapie sowie eine enge Überwachung der Vitalparameter und Laborbefunde erforderlich. Bei der Therapie, die sich bei der ketoazidotischen (DKA) und hyperglykämisch-...
Zusammenfassung
Die Leitlinie nimmt Bezug auf die Diagnostik, einschließlich begleitender Autoimmunerkrankungen, bei Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus, die Insulintherapie und die glykämischen Zielwerte.
Zusammenfassung
Die unter der Kategorie „andere spezifische Diabetesformen“ zusammengefassten Störungen des Glukosestoffwechsels stellen pathophysiologisch und therapeutisch eine sehr heterogene Krankheitsgruppe dar. Umfasst werden Diabetesformen, die im Rahmen von anderen endokrinologischen Erkrankungen auftreten (z. B. Akromegalie, Cushing-Syndro...
Zusammenfassung
Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass etwa 2–3 % aller Österreicher*innen einen Diabetes mellitus mit Nierenbeteiligung aufweisen. Dies betrifft somit in Österreich etwa 250.000 Menschen. Das Risiko des Auftretens und Fortschreitens der diabetischen Nierenerkrankung kann durch Lebensstilinterventionen und Optimierung des arte...
Zusammenfassung
Die Hyperglykämie ist wesentlich an der Entstehung der Spätkomplikationen bei an Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 erkrankten Patienten/Patientinnen beteiligt. Während Lebensstilmaßnahmen die Eckpfeiler jeder Diabetestherapie bleiben, benötigen im Verlauf die meisten Patienten/Patientinnen mit Typ 2 Diabetes eine medikamentöse Therapie. Bei d...
The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is related to the presence of comorbidities including metabolic diseases. We herein present data from the longitudinal prospective CovILD trial, and investigate the recovery from COVID-19 in individuals with dysglycemia and dyslipidemia. A total of 145 COVID-19 patients were prospectively followed...
Aims/hypothesis
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Their role in the prevention of diet-induced metabolic deteriorations, such as obesity, insulin resistance and fatty liver disease, has not been defined yet. In this study we set out to tes...
Background:
This study assessed the predictive performance of inflammatory, hepatic, coagulation, and cardiac biomarkers in patients with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19 in Austria.
Methods:
This was an analysis of a multicenter cohort study of 747 patients with diabetes mellitus or prediabetes hospitalized for COVID-...
Objectives
Metabolic inflammation is a hallmark of obesity and related disorders, afflicting substantial morbidity and mortality to individuals worldwide. White visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue not only serves as energy storage but also controls metabolism. Adipose tissue inflammation, commonly observed in human obesity, is considered a cri...
This study evaluated and compared the performance of simplified acute physiology score 3 (SAPS 3) for predicting in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with and without diabetes in Austria. The Austrian national public health institute (GÖG) data of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs (n = 5850) were analy...
Zusammenfassung
Ein wichtiges Ziel bei der Behandlung der Nebenniereninsuffizienz ist die Prävention der Nebennierenkrise (auch akute Nebenniereninsuffizienz oder Addison-Krise genannt). Um in Österreich eine bessere Implementierung sowie Harmonisierung der Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Therapie der Nebennierenkrise zu erreichen, wurde dieses Konsen...
Aims:
Immune response to COVID-19 vaccination and a potential impact of glycaemia on antibody levels in people with diabetes remains unclear. We investigated the seroconversion following first and second COVID-19 vaccination in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in relation to glycaemic control prior to vaccination and analysed the response in...
Background: TheSimplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3) is routinely used in intensive care units (ICUs) to predict in-hospital mortality. However, its predictive performance has not been widely evaluated in Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients.This studyevaluated and comparedthe performance of SAPS 3for predicting in-hospital mortalityin...
Background:
It is a matter of debate whether diabetes alone or its associated comorbidities are responsible for severe COVID-19 outcomes. This study assessed the impact of diabetes on intensive care unit (ICU) admission and in-hospital mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed on a countrywide c...
Aims:
Immune response to COVID-19 vaccination and a potential impact of glycaemia on antibody levels in people with diabetes remains unclear. We investigated the seroconversion following first and second COVID-19 vaccination in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in relation to glycaemic control prior to vaccination and analysed the response in...
Pronounced weight loss was shown to improve adipocyte dysfunction and insulin sensitivity in obese subjects. While bariatric surgery is frequently accompanied by adverse side effects, weight loss due to caloric restriction is often followed by weight regain. Here we aimed to determine whether switching the diet from a metabolically harmful Western...
Background
Male sex is related to increased COVID-19 severity and fatality although confirmed infections are similarly distributed between men and women. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to investigate the impact of sex hormones on disease progression and immune activation in men with COVID-19.
Patients and Methods
We studied for effects...
Aims
To assess the impact of characteristics and comorbidities on the hospitalization rate and 30- and 90-days all-cause mortality after hospitalization for influenza-related illness (IRI) in individuals with diabetes.
Methods
Data of 507,184 individuals with diabetes enrolled in the national Austrian Health Insurance database during 2013-2017 wer...
Sodium glucose transporter (SGLT)-2 inhibitors have consistently shown cardioprotective effects independent of the glycemic status of treated patients. In this study we aimed to investigate underlying mechanisms of short-term empagliflozin treatment in a mouse model of type II diabetes. Male db/db mice were fed a western type diet with or without e...
AIM
We assessed predictors of in-hospital mortality in people with prediabetes and diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 infection and developed a risk score for identifying those at the highest risk of a fatal outcome.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A combined prospective and retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted in 10 sites in Austria on 247...
Background and Aims
Western dietary habits are partially characterized by increased uptake of fructose, which contributes to metabolic dysregulation and associated liver diseases. For example, a diet enriched with fructose drives insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The molecular hubs that control fructose-induced metab...
Purpose of review:
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are often accompanied by mostly mild forms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Despite high prevalence, little is known about the clinical consequences of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and its optimal (nutritional) treatment. Even less is known if and to what extent exocrine pancreas insufficienc...
Erratum zu: Wien Klin Wochenschr 2018 10.1007/s00508-018-1423-z Die Originalversion des Beitrags enthielt leider einen Fehler in Tab. 3. In der publizierten Version war in der 1. Spalte PO4 im Plasma mit 0 und Mg mit 1,25 angegeben, wobei auch Kalzium auf einen Wert im mittleren …
Abstract EMPA-REG OUTCOME is recognised by international guidelines as a landmark study that showed a significant cardioprotective benefit with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. To assess the impact of empagliflozin in routine clinical practice, the ongoing EMPRISE study is collecting real-world eviden...
Enhanced glucose transport capacity of the intestinal epithelium, specifically enterocytes, is known to significantly contribute to systemic glucocorticoid (GC) - induced hyperglycemia. This effect is mainly dependent on overexpression of sodium glucose transporter 1 (Sglt1) and its enhanced activation by serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1...
Die Hyperglykämie ist wesentlich an der Entstehung der Spätkomplikationen bei an Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 erkrankten Patienten/Patientinnen beteiligt. Während Lebensstilmaßnahmen die Eckpfeiler jeder Diabetestherapie bleiben, benötigen im Verlauf die meisten Patienten/Patientinnen mit Typ 2 Diabetes eine medikamentöse Therapie. Bei der Definition in...
Die unter der Kategorie „andere spezifische Diabetesformen“ zusammengefassten Störungen des Glukosestoffwechsels stellen pathophysiologisch und therapeutisch eine sehr heterogene Krankheitsgruppe dar. Umfasst werden Diabetesformen, die im Rahmen von anderen endokrinologischen Erkrankungen auftreten (z. B. Akromegalie, Cushing-Syndrom), pankreoprive...
Zusammenfassung
Akute Stoffwechselentgleisungen können für Erwachsene in Abhängigkeit von ihrem Ausmaß lebensbedrohlich sein. Dementsprechend sind eine rasche umfassende Diagnostik und Therapie sowie eine enge Überwachung der Vitalparameter und Laborbefunde erforderlich. Bei der Therapie, die sich bei der ketoazidotischen (DKA) und hyperglykämisch-...
Die Leitlinie nimmt Bezug auf die Diagnostik, einschließlich begleitender Autoimmunerkrankungen, bei Typ 1 Diabetes mellitus, die Insulintherapie und die glykämischen Zielwerte.
Die vorliegende Leitlinie nimmt Bezug auf die Indikation und praktische Umsetzung der Insulintherapie bei Typ 2 Diabetes, insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf die unterschiedlichen Formen der Insulintherapie.
Rezente epidemiologische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass etwa 2–3 % aller Österreicher Diabetes mit Nierenbeteiligung aufweisen. Diese betrifft somit in Österreich etwa 250.000 Menschen. Das Risiko des Auftretens und Fortschreitens der Erkrankung kann durch Lebensstilinterventionen und Optimierung der Einstellung des Blutdrucks, Blutzuckers und speziel...
Rauchen und Passivrauchen erhöhen Diabetesinzidenz und Wahrscheinlichkeit für Spätschäden deutlich. Rauchstopp kann zu Gewichtszunahme und erhöhtem Diabetesrisiko führen, senkt aber trotzdem kardiovaskuläre und Gesamtmortalität. Eine Basisdiagnostik (Fagerström-Test, exhalatorisches CO) ist die Grundlage einer erfolgreichen Raucherentwöhnung. An me...
Background
Adult growth hormone (GH) deficiency is associated with fatty liver disease and shows several features of the metabolic syndrome. Vice versa obesity is characterized as a state of low GH function. Here, we aimed to define the role of hepatic GH signaling and its metabolic consequences in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Methods
In hum...
Background and aims:
Wnt signaling is involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation directly and indirectly by modulating cardiovascular risk factors. We investigated whether circulating concentrations of Wnt inhibitors are associated with cardiovascular events in subjects with intermediate cardiovascular risk.
Methods:
904 non-diabetic subjects...
Adipose tissue is a critical regulator of energy metabolism and an effector organ of excessive caloric intake. We studied the effects of high-fructose (HFruD), high-fat (HFD) and mixed high-sucrose and high-fat diet (HFHSD) on adipocyte morphology and biology and consecutive metabolic effects in male and female C57BL/6 mice. Forty male and 40 femal...
Context
Increase of bile acids (BAs), fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has been implicated in metabolic improvements after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), whereas data are still conflicting regarding their role after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).
Object...
Background:
Nutritional status is a well-known risk factor for metabolic and endocrine disorders. Recent studies suggest that dietary intake also affects immune function and as a consequence infection risk.
Aims:
This reviews aims to give an overview on the effect of body weight on infection rate in different periods of life.
Sources:
Clinical...
Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 [DPP-4) has evolved into an important target in diabetes therapy due to its role in incretin hormone metabolism. In contrast to its systemic effects, cellular functions of membranous DPP-4 are less clear. Here we studied the role of DPP-4 in hepatic energy metabolism.
In order to distinguish systemic from cellular effects we...
Objective:
Low-grade chronic inflammation emerges as a potent driver of insulin resistance and glucose dysregulation in obesity and associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The liver, subcutaneous fat and the immune system participate in disturbances of metabolism. Type I interferon (IFN) signalling initiated by innate and adaptive im...
Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a group of monogenetic diabetes types affecting up to 2 % all known diabetics. Transcription factor MODY (HNF1α, HNF4α), the most frequent forms of MODY, allow treatment with sulfonylureas, mutations of glucokinase (GCK-MODY) usually do not require any therapy. Especially in younger patients correct di...
According to literature about 30 % of the patients with type 1 diabetes develop further autoimmune diseases. Thyroid dysfunction represents with 15‒30 % the most common disorder, followed by gastritis with 5‒10 %, celiac disease with 4‒9 % and vitiligo with 2‒10 %. Addison's disease seems to be less prevalent. Diagnostic procedures in the course of...
Adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is frequently associated with visceral obesity, dyslipide mia, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease. Remarkably, several clinical features of AGHD are also found in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is thought to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic...
Background
Elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are associated with incident heart failure in individuals with or without chronic kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the association between serum FGF23 concentrations and disease severity and long-term outcome in patients with stable heart failure.Materials and methodsSerum lev...
Hyperprolactinemia is a frequent endocrine disorder with well known harmful effects on the reproductive system and bone metabolism. Besides prolactinomas several drugs and disorders such as renal failure and hypothyroidism have been shown to cause hyperprolactinemia. Based on former studies, liver cirrhosis has also been suggested to cause hyperpro...
Introduction: Hyperprolactinemia is a frequent endocrine disorder with well known harmful effects on the reproductive system and bone metabolism. Besides prolactinomas several drugs and disorders such as renal failure and hypothyroidism have been shown to cause hyperprolactinemia. Based on former studies liver cirrhosis has also been suggested to c...
Objective:
Pronounced weight loss after bariatric surgery was demonstrated to have significant beneficial effects on surrogates of early atherosclerosis. The aim of this prospective examination was to investigate whether these improvements of endothelial function and vascular structure are persistent in the long-term.
Design and methods:
A total...
Severe obesity is associated with a state of chronic inflammation. Sirtuins (SIRT) are a family of conserved enzymes which are able to affect many metabolic and inflammatory pathways thereby potentially improving health and increasing lifespan.
We investigated the effect of weight loss on subcutaneous adipose tissue and liver mRNA and immunohistoch...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a major health problem worldwide. Whereas overnutrition and obesity are crucially involved in the development of a simple fatty liver, it remains unclear why approximately 10% of all affected individuals develop the 'inflammatory' phenotype so-called non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A li...
Psychotropic drugs, like antipsychotics and antidepressants, are often associated with metabolic side effects such as weight gain and an increased risk to develop diabetes and an atherogenic lipid profile. These adverse effects not only bear a high cardiovascular risk and lead to a higher morbidity and mortality, but are an additional burden to men...
Objective:
The accuracy of anthropometric surrogate markers such as the body adiposity index (BAI) and other common indexes like the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) to predict metabolic sequelae is essential for its use in clinical practice.
Design and methods:
Thus, we evaluated the strength of B...
Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent worldwide leading to increasing rates of type-2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Lifestyle and other environmental factors might contribute to increasing rates of metabolic diseases. Actually, several frequently used drugs including glucocorticoids, several antihypertensive medications, antipsych...
Obesity is often associated with an atherogenic dyslipidemia such as high LDL levels, low HDL levels and hypertriglyceridemia. The noninterventional treatment of obesity by lifestyle modification and pharmacological intervention results in moderate weight loss and is mostly unsatisfactory with respect to long-term success. Bariatric surgery, by con...
Obesity is often associated with disorders of iron homeostasis; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron metabolism and may be responsible for obesity-driven iron deficiency. Herein, we used an animal model of diet-induced obesity to study high-fat-diet-induced changes in iron homeostasis. C57...
Psychotropic drugs, such as antipsychotics and antidepressants, are widely used substances which can display marked metabolic side effects. Psychiatric patients display increased morbidity and mortality which, besides disease specific factors, may be attributed to metabolic side effects of psychotropic drugs. Commonly observed side effects of antip...
Cumulating evidence suggests that the broadly acting neurotrophic pigment epithelium-derived factor is associated with visceral adiposity, the metabolic syndrome, diabetes and exerts beneficial effects on atherosclerosis. To further elucidate the relationship between pigment epithelium-derived factor and metabolic perturbations characteristic of ob...
Apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5) is a recently described liver-specific protein that has been shown to influence triglyceride (TG) metabolism. ApoA5 transgenic mice display dramatically reduced TG levels, while in contrast apoA5 deficiency in humans was reported to result in marked hypertriglyceridemia. ApoA5 exerts its extracellular effects by increasing...
Patients with schizophrenia often experience sexual dysfunction (SD), to which disorder-related factors like negative symptoms and nondisorder-related factors can theoretically contribute. Thus, we investigated the correlation of SD and serum prolactin level in patients with schizophrenia during antipsychotic treatment.
We included 39 patients with...
Elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) concentrations are a hallmark of obesity and are considered to contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. As adipose tissue constitutes a major source for PAI-1 in obesity, we investigated the individual contribution of subcutaneous and intra-abdominal fat on PAI-1 concentrations duri...
Severe obesity is a chronic inflammatory disease where various cytokines/adipocytokines play a key role. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) are produced by human adipose tissue dependent on the degree of obesity. Mouse studies suggest a key role of adipose tissue-derived IL-6 in hepat...
Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40 (9): 770-789.
Die Adipositasprävalenz ist ein weltweit fortschreitendes Problem. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass Fettgewebe zunehmend als ein endokrines Organ, welches aktiv in viele physiologische Abläufe eingreift, anzusehen ist. Diese Produkte des Fettgewebes, so genannte Adipokine, spielen in der Pathogenese des metabolischen Syndroms und kardiova...
The prevalence of obesity is rising worldwide. Recent research findings show that adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ, which is involved in many physiological processes. These metabolic processes are influenced by products of the adipose tissue, so-called adipokines, which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndr...
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a disease spectrum ranging from simple steatosis and steatohepatitis to cirrhosis. Based on its strongest risk factors namely visceral obesity and insulin resistance, NAFLD is thought to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and is considered to be the most common liver disorder i...
Subclinical inflammation in obesity is critical for development of several obesity-associated disorders. We set out to investigate the effect of pronounced weight loss on circulating chemerin levels, a chemoattractant protein that also influences adipose cell function by paracrine and autocrine mechanisms.
Thirty-two obese patients undergoing baria...
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their specific inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases [TIMPs]), are involved in adipogenesis, angiogenesis and remodeling of extracellular matrix. MMPs and TIMPs have been shown to be associated with various diseases such as neurological disorders, malignancies and cardiovascular disease. MMPs and TI...
Treatment regimens of type-2 diabetes have changed significantly over the past years. Both, incretin mimetics as well as dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors, have been implemented into the therapy of diabetes. Risks and contraindications of glitazones have been discussed at length. New clinical trials investigating the safety and benefits of sulfony...
Obesity is associated with lipid abnormalities leading to an increased morbidity and mortality from atherosclerotic disease. Lipid transfer proteins such as Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) and Phospholipid Transfer Protein (PLTP), and lipases such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (HL) are involved in the pathogenesis of the...
Adipocytokines play a key role in the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Whereas adiponectin has mainly anti-inflammatory functions, leptin, resistin and pre-B cell enhancing factor (PBEF)/Nampt/visfatin are considered as mainly pro-inflammatory mediators regulating metabolic and immune processes.
We prospectively examin...
To bridge the beneficial metabolic effects of pronounced weight loss on one side and the data on morbidity and mortality on the other side, we investigated the impact of profound weight loss on structural and functional markers of early atherosclerosis.
Thirty-seven obese adults were examined before and 18 months after bariatric surgery. Carotid in...
Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) has been suggested to play an important role in fat metabolism linking obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Increasing A-FABP plasma levels were observed during greatest weight loss after bariatric surgery suggesting that A-FABP may indicate changes in fat mass in dynamic situations.
As there are no data...
Endothelial dysfunction and increased intima-media thickness (IMT) have been found in obese patients. Both regional fat distribution and liver steatosis may influence these markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. We sought to determine the interrelationships of endothelial function, carotid IMT, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue accumulation...
Due to the association of second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) with weight gain and alterations of glucose and lipid homeostasis, we aimed to group six commonly prescribed SGAs into classes of differing risks.
Twenty-eight patients meeting the criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenic disorder according to ICD-10 were assigned to monotherapy wit...
Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing, antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory adipocytokine that circulates in three isoforms: a trimer [low-molecular weight (LMW)], a hexamer (trimer-dimer) of medium molecular weight (MMW) and a multimeric high molecular weight (HMW) isoform. Evidence is accumulating that HMW adiponectin is the active isoform of th...
Variants in the adenosine triphosphate-binding-cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1) gene are known to affect high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasma triglycerides and the development of atherosclerosis. We investigated the influence of the R219K and I883M variants in the ABCA1 gene on plasma lipids and carotid intima media thickness and plaque ex...
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) has been reported to be associated with visceral-fat accumulation and parameters of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this study, we investigated the relationship between RBP-4, visceral fat, and the MetS during pronounced weight loss after bariatric surgery. Thirty-six subjects were examined before and 2 years aft...
Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is a plasma biomarker recently associated with the metabolic syndrome. The aim of these studies was to investigate changes of A-FABP during profound weight loss induced by laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).
In study one, 29 severely obese female subjects were examined before and 1 year afte...
Valproic acid (VPA) is an effective and widely used anticonvulsant, associated with metabolic adverse effects such as weight gain, hyperinsulinemia, hyperleptinemia and hypoadiponectinemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of VPA and topiramate (TPM) on adiponectin binding receptors, adipoR1 and adipoR2, in human liver cancer cel...
