Steven T Rosen

City of Hope National Medical Center · Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Targeting the metabolic dependencies of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells is a promising therapeutical strategy. In particular, the cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway (C/M) is significantly altered in AML cells compared to healthy blood cells. Moreover, methionine has been identified as one of the dominant amino acid dependencies of AML ce...

Recently, cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. Various forms of immunotherapy have a manageable safety profile and result in prolongation of overall survival in patients with solid tumors, but only in a proportion of patients. Various factors in the tumor microenvironment play critical roles and may be responsible for this lack...

Epigenetic dysregulation has been reported in multiple cancers including leukemias. Nonetheless, the roles of the epigenetic reader Tudor domains in leukemia progression and therapy remain unexplored. Here, we conducted a Tudor domain–focused CRISPR screen and identified SGF29, a component of SAGA/ATAC acetyltransferase complexes, as a crucial fact...

The plasma membrane is enriched for receptors and signaling proteins that are accessible from the extracellular space for pharmacological intervention. Here we conducted a series of CRISPR screens using human cell surface proteome and integrin family libraries in multiple cancer models. Our results identified ITGAV (integrin αV) and its heterodimer...

As the dynamic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 led to reduced efficacy in monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and emergence of immune escape, the role of bispecific antibodies becomes crucial in bolstering antiviral activity and suppressing immune evasion. This review extensively assesses a spectrum of representative bispecific antibodies targeting SARS-CoV...

The prognosis of Black patients with classical cutaneous T-cell lymphoma [CTCL; mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS)] is known to be worse than that of other ethnicities, but there is a paucity of data on which demographic factors or disease characteristics may contribute to this disparity. In our retrospective cohort study of 229 patien...

Simple Summary Germline mutations in the DNA polymerase delta 1 (POLD1) exonuclease domain cause DNA proofreading defects, tumor hypermutation, and predispose to hereditary colorectal and endometrial cancer. In this work, we used a multiprong approach to demonstrate that mutations that alter the amino acid charges in the DEDD motif of exonuclease d...

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy associated with the overproduction of light chain or monoclonal immunoglobulin. MM remains incurable, with high relapses and refractory disease rates after first-line treatment. Hence, novel therapeutic approaches are needed to improve immune responses to prevent r...

Despite advances in targeted therapies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Richter's transformation (RT) remains a clinical challenge. RT is an aggressive shift from CLL to lymphoma, associated with metabolic changes and aberrations in the MYC transcriptional network. Genomic analysis of paired CLL and RT cases revealed recurrent mutations or d...

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic cancer characterized by aberrant immature myeloid progenitor blasts in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Venetoclax (VEN), a BCL-2 inhibitor, is FDA-approved for AML treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMA). Despite the improvement of VEN and HMA, not all patients respond, and most patients develop...

Background: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) develops from clonally expanded, skin-homing CD4 + T cells within a background of chronic inflammation. Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common subtypes of CTCLs. Patients with advanced-stage MF/SS experience progressively worsening disease and decreased overall survival (Scar...

Background: MCL is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtype which remains incurable despite improvements in progression free survival with consolidative autologous transplant and the introduction of novel targeted therapies [Dreyling et al. Blood 2012]. CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy (CD19-CAR) has shown durabl...

Introduction: Mycosis fungoides (MF) and the leukemic variant Sézary syndrome (SS), commonly referred to as cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL), are characterized by clonal expansion of malignant T cells in the skin within a background of chronic inflammation. Advanced stages have an unfavorable prognosis. The skin microenvironment plays an important...

Background This study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of 8‐chloro‐adenosine (8‐Cl‐Ado) in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods 8‐Cl‐Ado was administered daily for 5 days; the starting dose was 100 mg/m², the highest dose tested was 800 mg/m². The end points were toxicity, di...

TET2 is recurrently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its deficiency promotes leukemogenesis (driven by aggressive oncogenic mutations) and enhances leukemia stem cell (LSC) self-renewal. However, the underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. Here, we show that Tet2 deficiency significantly facilitates leuk...

Outcomes after programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade in B-cell lymphomas are disappointing with few durable responses. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) exhibit favorable immunomodulatory effects and demonstrate synergistic anti-tumor immune responses with anti-PD-1 therapy in pre-clinical models. We therefore developed a phase I study to evaluat...

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a disfiguring and incurable disease characterized by skin-homing malignant T cells surrounded by immune cells that promote CTCL growth through an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Preliminary data from our phase I clinical trial of anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (anti-PD-L1) combined with lenal...

Introduction: This was a phase 1 dose escalation study (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03150329) evaluating the addition of vorinostat to pembrolizumab in patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma. Here, we report the results in cHL. Methods: Adult patients with RR cHL...

Gastrointestinal cancers are a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide with 4.2 million new cases and 3.2 million deaths estimated in 2020. Despite the advances in primary and adjuvant therapies, patients still develop distant metastases and require novel therapies. Mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are crucial sign...

Background Type I interferons (IFN-Is), secreted by hematopoietic cells, drive immune surveillance of solid tumors. However, the mechanisms of suppression of IFN-I-driven immune responses in hematopoietic malignancies including B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) are unknown. Methods Using high-dimensional cytometry, we delineate the defec...

Epigenetic dysregulation is reported in multiple cancers including Ewing sarcoma (EwS). However, the epigenetic networks underlying the maintenance of oncogenic signaling and therapeutic response remain unclear. Using a series of epigenetics‐ and complex‐focused CRISPR screens, RUVBL1, the ATPase component of NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex,...

Unlabelled: RNA splicing dysregulation underlies the onset and progression of cancers. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), spliceosome mutations leading to aberrant splicing occur in ∼20% of patients. However, the mechanism for splicing defects in spliceosome-unmutated CLL cases remains elusive. Through an integrative transcriptomic and proteom...

RNA splicing dysregulation is a hallmark of cancers and underlies the onset and progression of diseases. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most common adult leukemia in western countries. Spliceosome mutations occur in ~20% of patients. However, the mechanism for splicing defects in spliceosome unmutated CLL cases remains elusive. Th...

Epigenetic dysregulation of cell cycle is a hallmark of tumorigenesis in multiple cancers, including hepatocel-lular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the aberrant cell cycle signaling and therapeutic response remain unclear. Here, we used an epigenetics-focused CRISPR interference screen and identified ACTR5 (actin...

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an incurable and cosmetically disfiguring disease associated with microenvironmental signals. We investigated the effects of CD47 and PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockades, as a strategy for targeting both innate and adaptive immunity. CIBERSORT analysis identified the immune cell composition in the CTCL tumor microe...

Richter’s transformation (RT) is a progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to aggressive lymphoma. MGA ( Max gene associated ), a functional MYC suppressor, is mutated at 3% in CLL and 36% in RT. However, genetic models and molecular mechanisms of MGA deletion driving CLL to RT remain elusive. We established a novel RT mouse model by knoc...

Type I interferons (IFN) are cytokines that bridge the innate and adaptive immune response, and thus play central roles in human health, including vaccine efficacy, immune response to cancer and pathogen infection, and autoimmune disorders. Post-translational protein modifications by the small ubiquitin-like modifiers (SUMO) have recently emerged a...

Epigenetic dysregulation of cell cycle is a hallmark of tumorigenesis in multiple cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the aberrant cell cycle signaling and therapeutic response remain unclear. Here, we used an epigenetics-focused CRISPR interference screen and identified ACTR5 (actin-...

Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy. Although Dexamethasone (Dex) is the most widely used therapeutic drug in MM treatment, patients develop Dex resistance leading to progressive disease, demanding an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms driving Dex resistance and develop new reagents to address this problem...

Background After autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT), consolidation with brentuximab vedotin in patients with high-risk relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma has been shown to improve progression-free survival compared with placebo. Brentuximab vedotin plus nivolumab is a safe and effective treatment for relapsed or...

This phase 2 study describes long-term clinical and immunological effects of fixed-duration ofatumumab (anti-CD20) and alemtuzumab (anti-CD52) combination immunotherapy in 52 patients with previously untreated CLL. The median age was 65 years (range 45-79), 60% had Rai stage 3-4, 40% were IgHV unmutated and 25% had del(17p)/TP53 mutation. Alemtuzum...

The ZUMA-7 study demonstrated that Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) improved event-free survival (EFS) compared to standard of care (SOC) salvage chemoimmunotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplant in primary refractory/early relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) leading to its recent FDA approval in this setting. We modeled a...

Purpose of review: In this review, we summarize the biological roles of methionine, methionine adenosyl transferase 2A (MAT2A) and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) in methylation reactions during tumorigenesis. Newly emerged inhibitors targeting the methionine-MAT2A-SAM axis will be discussed. Recent findings: SAM is the critical and global methyl-do...

In patients with treatment-naive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the POLARIX study demonstrated a 6.5% improvement in the 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) with no difference in overall survival (OS) or safety using pola-R-CHP compared to standard R-CHOP. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of pola-R-CHP for DLBCL. We modeled a hypothet...

Venetoclax (VEN) in combination with hypomethylating agents induces disease remission in patients with de novo AML, however, most patients eventually relapse. AML relapse is attributed to the persistence of drug-resistant leukemia stem cells (LSCs). LSCs need to maintain low intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Arsenic trioxide (A...

Since the publication of the Revised European-American Classification of mature lymphoid neoplasms in 1994, subsequent updates of the classification of mature lymphoid neoplasms have been generated through iterative international efforts to achieve broad consensus among hematopathologists, geneticists, molecular scientists, and clinicians. Signific...

7568 Background: In patients with treatment naive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the POLARIX study demonstrated a 6.5% improvement in the 2-year (yr) progression-free survival (PFS) with no difference in overall survival or safety using polatuzumab vedotin + R-CHP compared to standard RCHOP. We evaluated the cost effectiveness of pola-R-CHP...

Despite the potent effect of lenalidomide (Len) in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment, patients develop Len resistance leading to progressive disease, demanding an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms mediating Len resistance. Our study identified SUMOylation as a potential mechanism regulating Len resistance in MM. Len-resistant MM cell line MMR...

This phase 2 trial evaluated PET-adapted nivolumab (Nivo) alone or in combination with ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (NICE) as first salvage therapy and bridge to autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) in relapsed/refractory (RR) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Patients with RR cHL received 240mg Nivo every 2 weeks for up t...

Simple Summary Treatment failures of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been attributed to the persistence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs), which are refractory to conventional treatments. Venetoclax (VEN), currently FDA-approved in combination with low-dose cytarabine or hypomethylating agents, is highly effective in inducing disease remission in pat...

Introduction: Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare and incurable group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas that manifests as patches, plaques, tumors, and/or erythroderma in the skin. Standard skin-directed therapies for CTCL are effective in patients with indolent early-stage disease but more advanced/refractory stage patients require systemic therapi...

Large cell transformation of mycosis fungoides (LCT-MF) occurs in 20–50% of advanced MF and is generally associated with poor response and dismal prognosis. Although different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the pathogenesis, little is known about the role of microRNAs (miRs) in transcriptional regulation of LCT-MF. Here, we investigated t...

Introduction Approximately 5-10% of patients with chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) will develop transformation to a more aggressive lymphoma, usually diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Richter's transformation, RT). The median overall survival after transformation is less than one year. It remains difficult to predict which patients will transform al...

Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (CD30+ LPD) are the second most common cutaneous lymphomas. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), CD30+ LPD include primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL) and lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) as well as borderline lesions. pcALCL and LyP is thought to represent...

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) transformed from indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHL) or Richter transformation (RT) from chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) are associated with a poor prognosis, particularly in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (RR) disease. PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has prod...

Introduction: Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a heterogeneous group of lymphomas associated with poor outcomes following anthracycline-based chemotherapy, even when consolidative autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is used. CD30 expression is universal in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and is frequently expressed in other PTCL...

Introduction: Despite a high response rate to PD1 blockade in patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory (RR) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the complete response (CR) rate is low and most patients will progress. Pts who are refractory to PD1 blockade have limited treatment options and poor outcomes. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have immunomodulator...

Although large-scale sequencing studies have elucidated key mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the molecular pathways underlying CLL transition to aggressive lymphoma (Richter's transformation, RT) are not completely understood. Co-expression of the two most common human CLL genomic alterations, 13q deletion, and SF3B1 mutation, in mu...

RNA splicing dysregulation is a hallmark of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although somatic mutations in SF3B1 or U1 snRNA present in >20% of CLL patients, general splicing defects cannot be fully explained by genetic alterations of spliceosome alone. We reported that splicing factors are upregulated at protein, but not RNA, level in CLL compa...

Introduction: Ibr and ven are 1 st generation BTK and BCL2 inhibitors respectively that are approved for use in patients with CLL. They are both oral agents that have been shown to work synergistically together with no unexpected toxicities beyond what is already known about each of them. Their combination is very effective in the frontline treatme...

PurposeCutaneous lymphomas (CLs) are a group of rare, potentially disfiguring and disabling cancers that can have a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). While previous studies have shown that mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) impair QoL, the effect of other types of CL on QoL has not been evaluated.Objective To determine the i...

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is characterized by a background of chronic inflammation, where malignant CTCL cells escape immune surveillance. To study how miRNAs (miRs) regulate T cell exhaustion, we performed miRseq analysis, qRT-PCR, and in situ hybridization on 45 primary CTCL samples, 3 healthy skin samples, and CTCL cell lines, identifying...

Mogamulizumab is a humanized antibody that targets CCR4, a transmembrane chemokine receptor predominantly expressed on effector T helper type 2 and malignant cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cells. This biologic was FDA approved for relapsed/refractory mycosis fungoides (MF)/Sézary syndrome (SS) in 2018. MARs are the most common adverse events repo...

Background M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant phenotype that promote the growth of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) by inducing immunosuppression. Although PD1/PD-L1blockade has demonstrated efficacy in CTCL, little is known about the effects on tumor-associated macrophages. Here, we report that anti–PD-L1 treatment f...

We describe here for the first time a lipid‐binding‐domain (LBD) in p38γ mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) involved in the response of T cells to a newly identified inhibitor, CSH71. We describe how CSH71, which binds to both the LBD and the ATP‐binding pocket of p38γ, is selectively cytotoxic to CTCL Hut78 cells but spares normal healthy per...

Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy. Although Dexamethasone (Dex) is the most widely used therapeutic drug in MM treatment, patients develop Dex resistance leading to progressive disease, demanding an urgent need to investigate the mechanisms driving Dex resistance and develop new reagents to address this problem...

Background Mogamulizumab is a humanized antibody against chemokine receptor type 4 recently FDA approved for relapsed/refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS). The most commonly reported adverse event in the phase III licensing trial was drug eruption (28%), now termed mogamulizumab associated rash (MAR). Clinical recommendations...

Purpose of review: In the article, we focus on the role of SUMOylation in tumorigenesis and cancer-related processes, including Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, resistance to cancer therapies, and antitumor immunity. Clinical perspective on small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) inhibitors will be discussed. Recent findings: SU...

Identification of novel functional domains and characterization of detailed regulatory mechanisms in cancer-driving genes is critical for advanced cancer therapy. To date, CRISPR gene editing has primarily been applied to defining the role of individual genes. Recently, high-density mutagenesis via CRISPR tiling of gene-coding exons has been demons...

p>Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematopoietic cancer, remains incurable, as patients inevitably relapse after initially responding to therapy. Dexamethasone (Dex) is a corticosteroid which has been widely used to treat MM as single drug or combination with other drugs. However, intrinsic and acquired Dex resistance is broadly associ...

M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant and influence cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) development by inducing immunosuppression. Although it is well established that depletion of M2-like TAMs delays CTCL development, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that shape programmed cell death 1+ (PD1+) M2-like TAMs phenotype i...

Flavopiridol (FVP; Alvocidib), a CDKs inhibitor, is currently undergoing clinical trials for treatment of leukemia and other blood cancers. Our studies demonstrated that FVP also inhibited p38 kinases activities with IC50 (μM) for p38α: 1.34; p38 β: 1.82; p38γ: 0.65, and p38δ: 0.45. FVP showed potent cytotoxicity in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL)...

Background BCL‐2 inhibition through venetoclax (VEN) targets acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blast cells and leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Although VEN-containing regimens yield 60–70% clinical response rates, the vast majority of patients inevitably suffer disease relapse, likely because of the persistence of drug-resistant LSCs. We previously reported...

Background Limited therapeutic options are available for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), emphasizing an urgent need for more effective treatment approaches. The development of strategies by targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to stimulate their ability of Programmed Cell Removal (PrCR) provides a promising new immunotherapy for TNBC...

Because the majority of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) develop resistance to current regimens, novel approaches are needed. Genetically modified, replication competent oncolytic viruses exhibit high tropism for tumor cells regardless of cancer stage and prior treatment. Receptors of oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV-1), NECTIN-1 and HVEM, a...

Daratumumab (Dara), a multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, is an antibody against the surface receptor CD38, which is expressed not only on plasma cells but also on NK cells and monocytes. Correlative data have highlighted the immune-modulatory role of Dara, despite the paradoxical observation that Dara regimens decrease the frequency of total NK cells....

Identification of novel functional domains and characterization of detailed regulatory mechanisms in cancer-driving genes is critical for advanced cancer therapy. To date, CRISPR (clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats) gene editing has primarily been applied to defining the role of individual genes. Recently, high-density muta...

Background: Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), collectively known as mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) arises from CD4+ T cells in a background of chronic inflammation. The chronic inflammation fosters the growth of CTCL cells and may facilitate T-cells exhaustion that is characterized by deprived effector function and sustained expres...

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a key role in cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) growth and neoplastic T cells escape immune surveillance via PD1-PD-L1 axis (Querfeld, C., et al., Blood 2019; Khodadoust, M.S., et al., J Clin Oncol, 2020). There remains a lack of knowledge about how cytokines regulate the mechanisms controlling tu...

Background:T cells in CTCL are functionally exhausted and are characterized by the expression of immune inhibitory molecules such as PD1 and PD-L1 (Cancer Immunol Res 6; 2018). These findings justify the evaluation of immune checkpoint inhibition to reverse T cell exhaustion in CTCL. We initiated a phase 1/2 clinical trial of lenalidomide and durva...

Aberrant mRNA processing is known to drive the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Recurrent gene mutations in the RNA splicing factor SF3B1 and widespread RNA intronic polyadenylation impact genome-wide gene expression and inactivate tumor suppressors, respectively. Nevertheless, how mRNA processing is regulated and exerts its func...

Introduction: T cell exhaustion is a hallmark of CTCL and alterations in mRNA profiles correlate with immune checkpoint expression, with potential clinical relevance (Querfeld et al. 2018). There is no immunophenotypic marker that can distinguish malignant CD4+ T cells from benign CD4+ T cells in the infiltrate and intratumoral heterogeneity poses...

Relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is attributed to the persistence of quiescent leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Bcl-2 inhibition has been shown to target primitive leukemia progenitors. Venetoclax (VEN) is a FDA-approved Bcl-2-selective inhibitor for the treatment of AML. Although the activity of single agent VEN in AML patients (pts.) is modest,...

Introduction: Standard of care for patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory (RR) Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is salvage therapy (tx) followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). However, most pts with high-risk RR HL will relapse after HCT. The AETHERA study demonstrated that post-HCT consolidation with brentuximab vedotin (BV) in h...

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood neoplasia characterized by abnormal proliferation of plasma cells. Various treatments such as stem cell transplant (SCT), proteasome inhibitors, immune-modulating drugs, monoclonal antibodies and selective inhibitors of nuclear export have been routinely used to treat MM. However, relapse and treatment resistance ar...

Purpose of review: Primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (CD30+ LPDs) are the second most common cutaneous lymphomas after mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. They include primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL), lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), and borderline lesions. The purpose of this literature review...

Purpose of review: This article focuses on the immunosuppressive impact of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and the potential clinical implications in hematological malignancies. Recent findings: MDSCs play a critical role in the regulation of the immune response in cancer. They inhibit activation of adaptive immune response and as a res...

Purpose of review: MiRNAs are critical regulators for gene expression. Numerous studies have revealed how miRNAs contribute to the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies. Recent findings: The identification of novel miRNA regulatory factors and pathways crucial for miRNA dysregulation has been linked to hematologic malignancies. miRNA expressi...

Lymph nodes are important front‐line defense immune tissues, which also act against inflammatory diseases and cancer. Lymph nodes undergo extensive upheavals within newly formed germinal centers (GCs) when exposed to antigens, the molecular mechanisms of which remain elusive. Recently, p38γ was identified as an important target for multiple cancers...

Introduction We examined patient characteristics, treatments and outcomes of transformed mycosis fungoides (tMF) patients from COMPLETE: a large, multicenter, prospective cohort study of peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients in the US. Methods Patients with tMF were enrolled in COMPLETE at the time of transformation. For this analysis, we identified...