Shyam Singh Chandel

Shoolini University Solan Himachal Pradesh India · Centre of Excellence in Energy Science & Technology

The global warming concerns, greenhouse gas emission reduction, are not being addressed effectively in the energy-consuming building sector worldwide. This study presents a novel approach of solar technology interventions for sustainable buildings namely rooftop photovoltaic systems, use of carbon-free sustainable building materials, and passive so...

Varying power generation by industrial solar photovoltaic plants impacts the steadiness of the electric grid which necessitates the prediction of solar power generation accurately. In this study, a comprehensive updated review of standalone and hybrid machine learning techniques for PV power forecasting is presented. Forecasting solar generation is...

Solar photovoltaic microgrids are reliable and efficient systems without the need for energy storage. However, during power outages, the generated solar power cannot be used by consumers, which is one of the major limitations of conventional solar microgrids. This results in power disruption, developing hotspots in PV modules, and significant loss...

bstract—This research study addresses a significantlimitation of conventional solar photovoltaic microgrids, that is,their inability to provide power during grid outages. Therefore,a smart energy management system is proposed to effectivelycontrol load demand and power supply, thereby reducing powerlosses and enabling power supply during grid outag...

ABSTRACT Reliable estimation of solar irradiance is required for many solar energy applications such as photovoltaics, water heating, cooking, solar microgrids, etc. Deep Learning techniques have shown outstanding behaviour for analysing complex datasets efficiently with high accuracy. Multi-Layer Perceptron, Long-Short Term Memory, and Gated Recur...

Photovoltaic (PV) technology projects operate for 25-30 years under different climatic conditions. However, for consistent economic returns, the system performance has to be assessed regularly. As per international standards, indicators and tests are prescribed to ensure reliable PV plant performance. In this study, performance analysis of a 400 kW...

Abstract A method of studying the scattering of a high-energy electron from a two-centre Coulomb potential is presented. The Dirac equation for the problem is solved by a generalised form of the Sommerfeld-Maue approximation, using a spheroidal phase shift analysis at the final stage. For a screened potential, the total cross section has been calcu...

ABSTRACT A method of studying the scatterin g of high-energy electrons from a two-centre Coulomb potentia l is presented. The Dirsc equation for the problem is solved by a generalized form of the Somnerfeld-Maue approximation, using a spheroidal phase-shift analysis at the final stage. For a screened potential, the total cross-section has been calc...

Accurately predicting and validating the power output of commercial solar PV power plants, remains an important research topic despite numerous studies already conducted. The precision and reliability of power prediction depends on the accuracy of the solar cell parameter values used in the model. A novel analytical technique has been developed in...

Conventional microgrids face a number of challenges due to intermittency of renewable energy resources and the lack of any effective energy management system. Thus, there is a need to develop a secure, stable, dynamic, mi-crogrid with an AI-based energy management system for sustainable power generation to accomplish the targets of the United Natio...

Energy demand has increased in developed and developing countries. This energy demand has put a lot of load on the current conventional sources of energy such as coal and petroleum products causing increased emissions of greenhouse gases, due to this governments and people are motivated to utilize sustainable energy resources. The current study of...

Reliable estimation of solar irradiance is required for many solar energy applications such as photovoltaics, water heating, cooking, solar microgrids, etc. Deep Learning techniques have shown outstanding behaviour for analysing complex datasets efficiently with high accuracy. Multi-Layer Perceptron, Long-Short Term Memory, and Gated Recurrent Unit...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) panel parameter estimation is vital to manage solar-based microgrid operations, for which several techniques have been developed. Solar cell modeling using metaheuristic algorithms is found to be one of the accurate techniques. However, it requires experimental datasets, which may not be available for most of the industrial...

Thermoelectric module (TEM) is a solid-state device which converts heat into electricity and vice-versa. TEMs are mostly used as micro-generators or micro-refrigerators for power generation and cooling applications respectively. The increase in PV module temperature, results in performance degradation of a PV power plant, thus one of the potential...

Solar drying in a controlled environment offers one of the best options to preserve perishable crops. The objective of the present study is to work toward achieving UN sustainable Goal targets by 2030 through sustainable solar dryer designs and crop drying techniques based on years of experimentation and field implementation. In this study, low-cos...

The building integrated rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, contribute significantly to the decentralised power generation. In this study a detailed analysis of the new distributed power generation policy from roof top PV systems, in India, is carried out along with identifying policy interventions required for its successful implementation. A...

Thermoelectric module (TEM) is a scalable, reliable, and noise-free solid-state device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy and vice-versa. TEM has been explored for cogeneration, electronics cooling, power production, waste heat harnessing, and air-conditioning. The potential applications of TEM-based systems are in the building, fo...

In this study, an innovative hybrid machine learning-technique is used for the early skin cancer diagnosis fusing Convolutional Neural Network and Multi-layer Perceptron to analyze images and information related to the skin cancer. This information is extracted manually after applying different color space conversions on the original images for bet...

The uncontrolled fossil fuel and biomass burning for cooking, water and space heating result in household pollution, which is a major challenge in developing countries. The cook stove emissions contain carbon monoxide, 2.5-micron size particulate matter (PM2.5), organic, elemental and black carbons. In this study, a review of four decades of resear...

A study on the reduction of CO2 emission from a 500 persons’ solar steam cooking plant fixed on girl’s hostel of Shoolini University, Solan (HP) has been performed and noticed that one commercial LPG cylinder has been saved on daily basis reducing 17,217.42 kg of CO2 emission per year. According to UNCDM, it will earn 17.2 carbon credits for the Un...

Conventional flat plate collector based solar water heating systems use glass or ceramic wool as insulating materials to minimize the heat losses. The utilization of these inorganic insulating materials, is associated with risk in the industrial workplace activities, manufacturing, and installation depending on the exposure to the material. Thus, i...

The decrease in output power of a photovoltaic (PV) power plant with increase in temperature is one of the main issues which can be controlled by cooling the PV modules. In this experimental study, various numbers of 10, 20, 30 and 40 aluminum fins in two different geometries of straight and zigzag were mounted at the back side of PV modules. In or...

Deep learning (DL) which is widely used for photovoltaic generation forecasting requires large data to be trained properly, which is not available initially for new power plants. Transfer learning is a powerful technique used in computer vision problems with capability to achieve high performance even when small training data are available. This st...

Reliable estimation of solar irradiance data is required for a number of solar energyapplications. Deep Learning (DL) techniques have achieved a high prediction accuracy due totheir ability to analyze complex datasets. In the present study Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP),Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) techniques are used...

The energy costs have increased substantially in recent years due to widespread development in India. Vast agro and animal waste resources are available which can easily be harnessed for biogas production economically Recently, there has been a renewed interest to revive the National biogas programme to meet the ever-increasing energy demand. India...

In this study, performance of an off-grid roof-mounted Photovoltaic (PV)-micro wind-battery hybrid system is experimentally investigated for the first time, under real varying outdoor climatic conditions for 1.5 years in the Indian Western Himalayan region. With good solar access but low to medium wind resources. The performance of the system durin...

Optimum Photovoltaic (PV) system integration in power grid depend upon the total of power accessible from the PV. To figure the PV systems highest power yield, PV panels must be positioned at an optimal tilt angle (OPTA) to absorb maximum solar radiation (SR). This OPTA is a function of the latitude, clearness index, diffuse SR, global SR, direct S...

In this study, power generation prediction of a photovoltaic(PV) power plant is carried out using a new solar cell model which also include power degradation of aging modules. The solar cell parameters are measured using a class A Sun simulator to determine PV degradation. The predicted results are validated experimentally using automatic data moni...

Photovoltaic (PV) plants are generally installed at optimum tilt angle for a location or using sun tracking for enhancing energy generation potential. The objective of the present study is to assess the practicability of these techniques for large commercial plants along with determining expected uncertainty in simulated energy yield estimation. In...

In this study, power generation prediction of a photovoltaic(PV) power plant is carried out using a new solar cell model which also include power degradation of aging modules. The solar cell parameters are measured using a class A Sun simulator to determine PV degradation. The predicted results are validated experimentally using automatic data moni...

In agricultural greenhouses, employment of energy-saving strategies along with alternative energy sources has been identified as a potential solution to address the intensive energy consumption of these cultivation facilities. This study investigates the integration of renewable energy technologies, including solar thermal, solar photo-voltaic (PV)...

In this study, a novel improved second order Radial Basis Function Neural Network based method with excellent scheduling capabilities is used for the dynamic prediction of short and long-term energy required applications. The effectiveness and the reliability of the algorithm are evaluated using training operations with New England-ISO database. Th...

In this study, a novel improved second order Radial Basis Function Neural Network based method with excellent scheduling capabilities is used for the dynamic prediction of short and long-term energy required applications. The effectiveness and the reliability of the algorithm are evaluated using training operations with New England-ISO database. Th...

The output power prediction by a photovoltaic (PV) system is an important research area for which different techniques have been used. Solar cell modeling is one of the most used methods for power prediction, the accuracy of which strongly depends on the selection of cell parameters. In this study, a new integrated single‐diode solar cell model bas...

The detailed response is presented here to the comments in the letter to Editor on our published paper “Analysis of fixed tilt and sun tracking photovoltaic micro wind based hybrid power systems [ECM 115 (2016) 265–275]” [1]. The main objective of the study was to identify the potential of different PV configurations for a roof mounted 6 kWp PV-win...

Photovoltaic modules installed on water bodies save large land areas but climatic conditions for such solar power plants, are different due to their proximity to flowing water.Thus it is important to study the performance of a canal-top solar PV plant for its reliable operation. In the present study, energetic, exergetic performance and reliability...

In the present work, the heat transfer through a solar thermal collector (STC) provided with jet air impingement on the absorbent plate fitted with multi V-shaped protrusion ribs is investigated experimentally. The investigation is carried out for geometric parameters such as Relative width ratio (WPR/WAPR), Relative protrusion rib height (hPR/dPR)...

Silicon photovoltaic modules are widely used in solar power plants worldwide, but their efficiency is of concern due to intermittent nature of solar radiation and non-optimum inclination of PV panels. The PV system power potential is enhanced using reflectors installed at optimum tilt angle. In this study performance of a PV-mirror reflector system...

This paper deals with finding of optimum tilt angle for installation of optimized solar photovoltaic system in India. The optimization of tilt angles is performed using measured solar radiation data for 26 cities in India. The tilt angle is changed from 0° to 90° at step of 1° to find out optimum tilt angle for which monthly average solar radiation...

Solar water pumping is an attractive option for irrigation and drinking water supplies in view of increasing diesel costs and grid electricity scarcity. Currently direct coupled DC and AC solar run water pumps are extensively used worldwide. The main objective of this study is to review the performance studies of direct coupled photovoltaic water p...

The progress of renewable energy is becoming an important source for meeting energy requirements of India. With the plentiful availability of solar energy, Grid-Interactive Solar Photovoltaic (GISPV) plants are becoming important in most part of the country. Due to varying climatic condition it is important to predict the daily array yield of GISPV...

A significant fraction of the solar radiation falling on photovoltaic (PV) panels gets converted into heat thus reducing the efficiency of photovoltaic power plants. Generally the performance of PV panels falls by 0.5% for every degree rise in temperature, depending on the type of solar cells used. The temperature regulation of PV power systems the...

The optimum configurations of photovoltaic-micro wind hybrid power systems with battery storage are determined for 12 low windy locations in the Indian western Himalayas which will provide inputs to formulate a policy for the renewable energy based hybrid systems in the region. The objective is to utilize the available wind resource to supplement t...

In this study a comprehensive review of vernacular architecture research status is presented. The objective of the study is to identify energy efficient vernacular architecture features affecting indoor thermal comfort conditions for adaptation in modern architecture to suit present day lifestyles. The main features identified are: built mass desig...

Phase change materials (PCM) are widely used for energy storage applications worldwide. The objective of the study is to review the current state of research on PCM materials, energy storage, environmental aspects and identifying potential research areas which needs focus to make this technology widely marketable and economically promising. The pap...

In this study fixed tilt and sun tracking photovoltaic based micro wind hybrid power systems are analyzed along with determining the optimum configurations for a 6 kWp roof mounted micro wind based hybrid system using fixed and tracking photovoltaic systems to enhance the power generation potential in a low windy Indian hilly terrain with good sola...

The results of a first time study are reported on the degradation of a roof mounted multi-crystalline-silicon photovoltaic system after 2.5 years of outdoor exposure in a western Himalayan location in India. The main objective of the study is to identify frequently occurring defects in modules to study the change in electrical performance parameter...

As interest towards solar energy is increasing therefore maximum power generation becomes an important issue. With photovoltaic systems power is maximized by using tilt angle resulting in optimum sizing and maximum power. Therefore optimum tilt angle (OTA) for 15 sites of Himachal Pradesh, India are calculated for installation of PV based standalon...

The western Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh is known as the hydro-power state of India with associated social and environmental problems of large hydro power plants. The reduced water inflow in the rivers during extreme winters affects power generation in the state. Therefore solar and wind resources need to be utilized to supplement power gene...

Free access of article is valid for 50 days, until December 31, 2015 http://authors.elsevier.com/a/1S0xY4s9HvhMyZ Considering the importance of reducing energy consumption in building sector, objective of present study is to review codes, standards, regulations and energy efficiency initiatives in different countries to identify effective strateg...

The increased fossil fuel use worldwide in past several decades has led to enhanced green house gas emissions leading to climate change issues. India is the fourth largest CO2emitter in the world after China, USA and European Union. Its power sector is contributing nearly half of carbon emissions which is largely based on fast depleting fossil fuel...

In this study new technique Rapid Miner is used for relevant input variable selection for prediction of solar radiation using different ANN techniques. The prediction accuracy of ANN models developed with artificial neural network fitting tool (nftool), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) and Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) ar...

An update literature review on trends in optimization techniques used for the design and development of solar photovoltaic–wind based hybrid energy systems is presented. The main objective is to identify latest promising techniques for the optimization of solar photovoltaic (PV)–wind based hybrid systems. Different techniques used by researchers fo...

The performance of a photovoltaic system depends on the geographical location and type of PV modules used. PV systems are useful in areas having good amount of incident solar radiation. Hamirpur receives an annual average solar radiation of about 4.4 kWh/m 2 a day. In this paper 1kWp photovoltaic system is designed and simulated using PVsyst softwa...

Solar potential of western Himalayan Indian state of Himachal Pradesh is assessed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based global solar radiation (GSR) prediction model. J48 algorithm in Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA)is used for the selection of input parameters for ANN model for predicting GSR. Most relevant input parameters...

It is important to understand photovoltaic (PV) module degradation for the design of PV systems. In the present study results of degradation in mono-crystalline-silicon PV generator of a solar water pump after 28 years of outdoor exposure at a western Himalayan location in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, are presented. The main objective is t...

a b s t r a c t It is important to understand photovoltaic (PV) module degradation for the design of PV systems. In the present study results of degradation in mono-crystalline-silicon PV generator of a solar water pump after 28 years of outdoor exposure at a western Himalayan location in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh,are presented. The main...

Renewable energy based standalone hybrid systems are considered as a better option for power generation now a days. The objective of this study is to determine optimal solar wind hybrid energy system configuration to meet the partial electricity demand of an educational institute located in a hilly terrain of Himachal Pradesh, India. In the present...

Micro-wind turbines have a vast potential for wind power generation for decentralised applications in remote locations for which detailed wind resource assessment has to be carried out. With this objective wind characteristic assessment for a location in western Himalayan region is carried out using Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program micro...

Wind power potential of a location has to be assessed for its effective utilization. The objective of the present study is to assess the wind resource potential of the western Himalayan Indian state of Himachal Pradesh to identify potential sites along with providing inputs to policy makers for exploiting wind potential of the region for wind power...

Understanding degradation mechanism is of utmost importance for long term reliability of photovoltaic technology. In the present study, degradation analysis of three different photovoltaic technology modules namely a-Si (amorphous single junction silicon), HIT (hetro-junction intrinsic thin layer silicon) and m-C-Si (multi-crystalline silicon) is c...

Solar radiation data plays an important role in solar energy research. These data are not available for location of interest due to absence of a meteorological station. Therefore, the solar radiation has to be predicted accurately for these locations using various solar radiation estimation models. The main objective of this study is to review Arti...

Hybrid energy systems are being utilized for supplying electrical energy in urban, rural and remote areas to overcome the intermittence of solar and wind resources. A hybrid renewable energy system incorporates two or more electricity generation options based on renewable energy or fossil fuel unit. The techno-economic analysis of the hybrid system...

Tilt angle and orientation greatly are influenced on the performance of the solar photo voltaic panels. The tilt angle of solar photovoltaic panels is one of the important parameters for the optimum sizing of solar photovoltaic systems. This paper analyses six different isotropic and anisotropic diffused solar radiation models for optimum tilt angl...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants installed worldwide, are emerging as an alternative to fossil-fuel-based power plants. However, the poorly designed power plant not only escalates the cost but also results in inefficient power generation. The performance of a solar power plant depends on the solar energy received on the surface of solar panels...

Solar-photovoltaic systems are being widely used and promoted worldwide for pollution-free power generation. The power extraction from solar photovoltaic (PV) systems can be maximized by using maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT) techniques between the photovoltaic array and the load. The MPPT technique searches the maximum-power-point and command s...

Electricity generatedusingphotovoltaic(PV)technologycanonlybeeconomicalifthePVmodules operatereliablyfor25–30 yearsunder field conditions.InordertoensuresuchlevelsofreliabilityPV module undergostringentqualification testsdevelopedasperinternationalstandardsbyInternational Electro-technicalCommission.Thesetestsprovideexcellentinformationregardingmod...

Wind and solar are clean energy sources with vast potential to reduce the dependence on conventional energy sources. The stochastic nature of these energy sources, has led to the development of reliable hybrid systems in recent years. The main objective of this paper is to utilize the available wind and solar resource to meet the energy needs of re...

The tilt angle of a solar energy system is one of the important parameters for capturing maximum solar radiation falling on the solar panels. This angle is site specific as it depends on the daily, monthly and yearly path of the sun. The accurate determination of the optimum tilt angle for the location of interest is essential for maximum energy pr...

The performance analysis of a 190 kWp solar photovoltaic power plant installed at Khatkar-Kalan, India, is carried out. The final yield, reference yield and performance ratio, are found to vary from 1.45 to 2.84 kWh/kWp-day, 2.29 to 3.53 kWh/kWp-day and 55–83% respectively. The annual average performance ratio, capacity factor and system efficiency...

The site-specific evaluation of a solar photovoltaic technology helps in identifying its suitability for that location. The objective of the present study is to assess the suitability of different PV technologies under Indian climatic conditions. The performance assessment of photovoltaic technology arrays consisting of polycrystalline silicon, het...

Estimation of solar radiation is of considerable importance because of the increasing requirement for the design, optimization and performance evaluation of the solar energy systems. This paper presents the development of pattern similarity based clustering algorithm and its application in solar radiation estimation. In the present work continuous...

Solar Photovoltaic systems are used worldwide to utilize energy of sun for power generation during recent years. However, the available solar energy at a particular site needs to be utilized by a photovoltaic system to maximum extent for which maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used. The most commonly used techniques for MPPT, are t...

The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) fitting tool is used for the prediction of solar radiation. Solar radiation data from 12 Indian stations with different climatic conditions are used for training and testing the ANN. The Levenberg-Marquard (LM) algorithm is used in this analysis. The results of ANN model are compared with measured data on the bas...

A new approach to redefine thermal comfort temperature for cold climatic hilly regions is presented. This approach will lead to the reduction of base temperature, number of winter space heating degree-days required and helps in the designing and proper sizing of space heating systems, and thus reducing the initial high costs of solar passive featur...

Solar Photovoltaic [SPV] systems are being considerably used worldwide to utilise energy of sun for power generation during recent years. Under the Indian National Solar Mission considerable emphasis is being given for solar power generation in order to supplement the conventional power generation. A large number of solar power plants are being ins...

The hourly solar radiation data required for solar energy system design evaluation and performance studies is gener-ally not available for a number of sites especially in remote locations. As such accurate determination of hourly solar radiation data, is important both at horizontal; surfaces and inclined surfaces. A model to estimate global solar...

The GHGs emmited by using conventional energy sources rapid industrialization and development in hills, are contributing global warming, which has resulted in melting of glaciers located in the state at the rate of 0.3–20 m2 per year as per recent studies. The shrinking of glaciers, which are the main source of water of Himalayan rivers, can have a...