Sandrine Lioret

French Institute of Health and Medical Research | Inserm · Inserm, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Center (UMR1153, CRESS)

Background The European Region has the lowest rate of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months worldwide. Improving work-related breastfeeding issues is important given that women may have difficulties combining work and breastfeeding, especially those in precarious working situations, which adds to their adversity. This scoping review overviews researc...

Background/Objectives The infant diet represents one of the main modifiable determinants of early growth. This study aimed to investigate the associations of infant feeding practices with body mass index (BMI) until 7.5 years. Subjects/Methods Analyses were based on data from the French nationwide ELFE birth cohort. Data on breastfeeding (BF) and...

Background Tracking combinations of lifestyle behaviours during childhood (“lifestyle pattern trajectories”) can identify subgroups of children that might benefit from lifestyle interventions aiming to improve health outcomes later in life. However, studies on the critical transition period from early to middle childhood are limited. We aimed to de...

An inverse social gradient in early childhood overweight has been consistently described in high-income countries; however, less is known about the role of migration status. We studied the social patterning of overweight in preschool children according to the mother’s socio-economic and migration background. For 9250 children of the French ELFE bir...

Background The high prevalence of overweight and obesity in young children suggests the involvement of early life exposures. Based on the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease paradigm, we investigated associations of healthy lifestyle (HL) behaviours around the first 1000 days of life with adiposity and weight status throughout childhood. M...

Background There is growing evidence that family lifestyle patterns in early life are associated with the risk of child obesity. However, beyond the influence of socio-economic position, scarce are studies on the social determinants of such lifestyle patterns. The aim was therefore to investigate the socio-ecological correlates of parental lifestyl...

An inverse social gradient in early childhood overweight has been consistently described in high-income countries; however, less is known about the role of migration status. We aimed to study the social patterning of overweight in preschool children according to the mother’s socio-economic and migration background. For 9,250 children of the French...

Background: Literature from the general population shows a consensus about the health benefits associated with breastfeeding for both mothers and children. However, studies investigating these issues in the context of homelessness and migration are rare. This research aimed to examine the relations of any breastfeeding duration with health outcome...

Objective Behavioural patterns are important in understanding the synergistic effect of multiple health behaviours on childhood adiposity. Most previous evidence assessing associations between patterns and adiposity were cross-sectional and investigated two or three behaviour domains within patterns. This study aimed to identify behavioural pattern...

Introduction High prevalence of overweight and obesity already observed in preschool children suggests the involvement of early-life risk factors. Preconception period and pregnancy are crucial windows for the implementation of child obesity prevention interventions with parental lifestyle factors as relevant targets. So far, most studies have eval...

Background In high income countries one in five children still lives in poverty, which is known to adversely shape the life course health trajectory of these children. However, much less is understood on whether social and fiscal policies have the capacity to reverse this damage, which intervention is likely to be most effective and when these inte...

Background Sheltered homeless families suffer from deleterious living conditions such as housing instability (i.e., moving from one shelter to another) that could be an additional barrier to healthcare utilization. Few studies have specifically examined perinatal health in homeless mothers and their utilization of prenatal healthcare. This study ai...

Background: A high prevalence of excess weight in children younger than 5 years suggests the involvement of early-life risk factors. The preconception and pregnancy periods are crucial stages for the implementation of interventions to prevent childhood obesity. Most studies so far have evaluated the effects of early-life factors separately, with o...

Diet, screen time, physical activity, and sleep combine into lifestyle patterns with synergistic effects on health. This study aimed to identify lifestyle patterns in children without housing and assess their associations with physical and mental health and family socio-ecological factors. In the 2013 ENFAMS cross-sectional survey (children aged 6–...

Introduction Long-term consequences of impaired fetal growth are well documented for cardiometabolic outcomes. We propose an outcome-wide analysis of the association between birth weight (BW) and long-term health in a large contemporary adult cohort. Methods The study included 73,315 participants under 60 years with a reliable BW from the French n...

This narrative systematic review examined effectiveness of interventions during pregnancy and up to 2 years of age in improving energy balance‐related behaviors or prevent overweight/obesity in children from families experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage. We identified 24 interventions, from 33 articles, since 1990. Overall, despite their hetero...

This study aimed to characterize paternal diet during the peri-conception period and its associated characteristics. These cross-sectional analyses were based on 998 fathers from the French nationwide ELFE birth cohort recruited in 2011. Fathers’ diet before mothers’ pregnancies was assessed by a 46-item food frequency questionnaire. Six explorator...

In high income countries one in five children still lives in poverty. This is known to adversely shape the life course health trajectory of these children; however, much less is understood on whether social and fiscal policies have the capacity to reverse this damage, which intervention is likely to be most effective and when these interventions sh...

Purpose For decades, consistent associations between breastfeeding and children’s neurodevelopment have been attributed to breastmilk content in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs). However, the beneficial effect of LC-PUFA enrichment of infant formula on neurodevelopment remains controversial. This study examined the association of L...

Background: Children's energy balance-related behaviours (EBRB), comprising diet, screen time, physical activity, and sleep, combine into "lifestyle patterns", which may exert a synergistic effect on health. To date, studies investigating this synergy have primarily focused on obesity risk, without addressing other facets of health. Objectives:...

Background: Excessive screen time in infancy and childhood has been associated with consequences on children's development and health. International guidelines call for no screen time before age 2 years, whereas in France, the most prominent guidelines recommend no screen before age 3 years. However, data are lacking on parental adherence to the n...

Background Dietary guidelines available to pregnant women are made to improve maternal health and fetal development. Their adequacy to sustain offspring neurodevelopment remained understudied. Objective We assessed the association between compliance to nutritional guidelines during pregnancy and neurodevelopment in preschool children. Methods The...

Background International sharing of cohort data for research is important and challenging. The LifeCycle project aimed to harmonise data across birth cohorts and develop methods for efficient federated analyses of early life stressors on offspring outcomes. Aim To explore feasibility of federated analyses of associations between four different typ...

Background Behavioural patterns help to understand the influence of multiple health behaviours on childhood outcomes. Behavioural patterns derived using different data reduction techniques can be non-identical and may differentially associate with childhood outcomes. This study aimed to compare associations of behavioural patterns derived from thre...

Background Cord blood leptin is an indicator of neonatal fat mass and could shape postnatal adiposity trajectories. Investigating genetic polymorphisms of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR) could help understand the mechanisms involved. Objectives We aimed to investigate the association of cord blood leptin level and the LEPR rs9436303 polymorphism,...

Background Early childhood may represent an opportune time to commence primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD, i.e., prevention of risk factors onset), but epidemiological evidence is scarce. We aimed to examine the distribution and parental and early life determinants of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) in children up to 5 years and...

Background/Objective High magnitude of adiposity peak and early adiposity rebound are early risk markers of later obesity. Infant diet represents one of the main modifiable determinants of early growth. This study aimed to investigate the association between infant feeding practices and age and magnitude of adiposity peak and rebound. Subjects/Met...

Background Integrated patterns of energy balance-related behaviours of preschool children in Asia are sparse, with few comparative analyses. Purpose Using cohorts in Singapore (GUSTO) and France (EDEN), we characterized lifestyle patterns of children and investigated their associations with family-focused contextual factors. Methods Ten behaviour...

Introduction et but de l’étude Les allergies pendant l’enfance représentent de nos jours un problème de santé publique majeur, avec des prévalences qui ne cessent d’augmenter. L’alimentation au cours de la première année de vie pourrait constituer un facteur de risque modifiable. Si l’allaitement maternel a été étudié dans de nombreuses études, les...

Introduction et but de l’étude Un pic d’IMC élevé et un rebond d’adiposité précoce sont tous deux des marqueurs de la croissance associés à un risque d’obésité ultérieure. L’alimentation précoce constitue l’un des principaux facteurs modifiables de la croissance précoce. L’objectif de cette étude était d’étudier le lien entre les pratiques alimenta...

Introduction et but de l’étude Ces dernières décennies la prévalence des allergies a augmenté et l’alimentation de la femme pendant la grossesse pourrait constituer un facteur de prévention potentiel. Néanmoins, le régime alimentaire de la mère a été peu étudié en lien avec les allergies de l’enfant, notamment pour les allergies alimentaires et l’e...

Background: An increasing number of infant and follow-on formulas are enriched with probiotics and/or prebiotics; however, evidence for health effects of such enrichment in early childhood remains inconclusive. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess, whether consumption of formula enriched with probiotics or prebiotics was associated with...

Objectives: To assess (1) whether a history of allergy is associated with feeding with organic foods (OFs) during the complementary feeding period and (2) whether OF consumption in infancy is related to the incidence of respiratory and allergic diseases up to age 5.5 years. Study Design: Analyses involved more than 8,000 children from the nationwid...

Although an early adiposity rebound (AR) is an established risk factor for later obesity, little is known regarding its determinants, especially modifiable ones. Using data from the French EDEN mother-child cohort (1903 children born in 2003-2006), we aimed to examine the association between diet and activity-related behaviors at 2 years of age and...

Background Although the role of diet is increasingly acknowledged in psychiatry, data is still scarce regarding its early impact on the most significant behavioral disorders of childhood (i.e., hyperactivity-inattention and conduct problems). Objective The objective of this study was to explore the relation between children's dietary patterns at 2...

Identifying correlates of behavioural patterns are important to target population sub-groups at increased health risk. The aim was to investigate correlates of behavioural patterns comprising four behavioural domains in children. Data were from the HAPPY study when children were 6–8 years (n = 335) and 9–11 years (n = 339). Parents reported correla...

Introduction Promoting healthy eating and active play in early life is critical, however few interventions have been delivered or sustained at scale. The evaluation of interventions at scale is a crucial, yet under-researched aspect of modifying population-level health behaviours. INFANT is an evidence-based early childhood healthy lifestyle interv...

Background The new European regulations require the enrichment of formulas with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) because of the positive effects of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) on neurodevelopment and visual acuity. In this observational study, we aimed to evaluate whether the consumption of LCPUFA‐enriched formula was associated with...

Energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs), i.e., diet, sedentary behavior, physical activity, and sleep, combine into lifestyle patterns, which we aim to identify in French preschoolers and analyze their family correlates within the framework of a comprehensive socioecological model. Parental questionnaires provided information about family characte...

Background The overall impact of interventions targeting multiple behaviours remains largely unexplored. Objectives This study adopted an integrative lifestyle pattern analysis approach to assess the overall effectiveness of an early childhood intervention on change across multiple behaviours. Methods The Melbourne INFANT program was a 15‐month c...

Objectif Déterminer si la concentration de leptine dans le sang de cordon prédit l’indice de masse corporelle au pic d’adiposité (IMCPA) et l’âge au rebond d’adiposité (ARA), indépendamment de la trophicité à la naissance. Méthodes Nous avons estimé, à l’aide de modèles mixtes, l’IMCPA et l’ARA respectivement pour 1713 et 1415 enfants de la cohort...

Background Early exposure to unhealthy lifestyles and environmental risk factors is known to affect health throughout the life-course. There is also evidence that the exposure patterns are influenced by the socioeconomic position (SEP). Methods We use the data of the Turin participants of the Italian NINFEA birth cohort (n∼2500) to study how famil...

The preconception period represents an important window for foetal and epigenetic programming. Some micronutrients (B vitamins, choline, betaine, methionine) implicated in one-carbon metabolism (OCM) are essential for major epigenetic processes that take place in early pregnancy. However, few studies have evaluated the implication of the micronutri...

Background Early adiposity rebound (AR) has been associated with increased risk of overweight or obesity in adulthood. However, little is known about early predictors of age at AR. We aimed to study the role of perinatal factors and genetic susceptibility to obesity in the kinetics of AR. Methods Body mass index (BMI) curves were modelled by using...

Background Behavioural patterns are typically derived using unsupervised multivariate methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), latent profile analysis (LPA) and cluster analysis (CA). Comparability and congruence between the patterns derived from these methods has not been previously investigated, thus it’s unclear whether patterns from...

Background In several systematic reviews, rapid weight gain in early life has been related to increased risk of later obesity. In line with this finding, the “early protein hypothesis” suggests that reducing early protein intake is a potential lever for obesity prevention. Objective To determine whether the variability of protein content of infant...

Objective: This study examined the association between longitudinal trajectories of lifestyle patterns (LPs) and BMI z score in early childhood. Methods: Data of children (n = 439) who participated in the 18-, 42-, and 60-month follow-ups of the Melbourne InFANT Program were used. Multitrajectory modeling identified groups of children following...

Introduction La nouvelle réglementation de la Commission européenne exige l’enrichissement de toutes les préparations infantiles (PI) en acide docosahexaénoïque (DHA). Cependant, très peu d’études ont évalué l’effet de l’enrichissement des PI en acides gras polyinsaturés (AGPI) sur les infections ou les maladies allergiques. Notre étude avait donc...

Introduction et but de l’étude Plus de 50 % des enfants consommant des préparations infantiles (PI) à 2 mois reçoivent des PI enrichies en pré ou probiotiques. Pourtant les données relatives aux bénéfices santé de cet enrichissement sont peu nombreuses. L’objectif de notre étude était d’analyser les associations entre l’enrichissement des PI en pré...

Introduction et but de l’étude Suite aux données disponibles suggérant la nécessité d’un apport suffisant en acide gras polyinsaturés (AGPI) pour un meilleur neurodéveloppement chez l’enfant, la nouvelle réglementation de la Commission européenne exige l’enrichissement de toutes les préparations infantiles (PI) en acide docosahexaénoïque (DHA). Div...

Introduction et but de l’étude Une croissance rapide dans les premiers mois de vie est associée à un risque plus élevé d’obésité plus tard dans la vie. Par ailleurs, des essais contrôlés randomisés (ECR) ont montré que les enfants consommant une préparation infantile avec une teneur élevée en protéines (2,90 g de protéines/100 kcal) avaient un poid...

In high‐income countries, breastfeeding has been shown to be positively associated with socioeconomic position. However, less is known about breastfeeding practices and their associated factors among extremely disadvantaged populations. We aimed to assess the associations of cultural origins and socioeconomic factors with any breastfeeding initiati...

Better adherence to dietary guidelines during pregnancy is supposed to result in healthier perinatal outcomes. We aim to characterize the diets of pregnant women by hypothesis-driven and exploratory approaches and describe potential social determinants. Analyses included 12 048 mothers from the French nationwide ELFE birth cohort. Dietary intake ov...

Family characteristics such as education level or income are related to infant feeding practices. This study aimed to characterize infant feeding practices and investigate their associations with family characteristics. Analyses were performed with data from a French nationwide cohort, Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE). Feeding...

Organic food consumption and its effects on health remain understudied in adults and in children. The aim of this study was to describe family characteristics associated with feeding infants organic foods during the complementary feeding period. The analysis included 9,764 children from the French ELFE birth cohort. In addition to telephone intervi...

Background Maternal diet quality during pregnancy has been linked to offspring's physical and mental health outcomes across the lifespan. However, few studies have examined its association with subsequent offspring's anxiety and depression issues. Objectives The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between maternal prenatal dieta...

Background: The few health behavior interventions commencing in infancy have shown promising effects. Greater insight into their longer-term benefits is required. This study aimed to assess post-intervention effects of the Melbourne INFANT Program to child age 5y on diet, movement and adiposity. Methods: Two and 3.5y post-intervention follow-up...

Background Small for gestational age (SGA) birthweight, a risk factor of infant mortality and delayed child development, is associated with maternal educational attainment. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy could contribute to this association. We aimed to quantify the contribution of maternal smoking during pregnancy to social inequalities...

Background Small for gestational age (SGA) birthweight, a risk factor of infant mortality and delayed child development, is associated with maternal educational attainment. Maternal tobacco smoking during pregnancy could contribute to this association. We aimed to quantify the contribution of maternal smoking during pregnancy to social inequalities...

Background The diet impact on cardiovascular diseases has been investigated widely, but the association between dietary patterns ( DP s) and subclinical cardiovascular damage remains unclear. More informative DP s could be provided by considering metabolic syndrome components as intermediate markers. This study aimed to identify DP s according to g...

Diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep are typically examined independently with childhood adiposity; however, their combined influence remains uncertain. This review aims to systematically summarize evidence on the clustering of these behaviours through lifestyle patterns and evaluate associations with adiposity in children aged 5–...

Introduction et but de l’étude Une méta-analyse récente a mis en évidence une association positive entre la qualité de l’alimentation pendant la grossesse et le neurodéveloppement des enfants, mais les études sont encore peu nombreuses. Dans ce contexte, notre objectif était d’évaluer dans quelle mesure le suivi des recommandations nutritionnelles...

Few studies have evaluated the role of methylation-pathway nutrients involved in fetal growth (B vitamins, choline, betaine, and methionine). These one-carbon metabolism (OCM) nutrients are essential for DNA methylation in the periconception period. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns of 1638 women from the EDEN mother-child cohort in the yea...

Traditional approaches to understanding the behavioural determinants of adiposity have considered diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour in isolation. Although integrative approaches have identified a variety of lifestyle patterns in children at preschool-age or older, along with some variability by socio-economic positions, this has rarel...

The assessment of early life socioeconomic position (SEP) is essential to the tackling of social inequalities in health. Although different indicators capture different SEP dimensions, maternal education is often used as the only indicator in birth cohort research, especially in multi-cohort analyses. Household income, as a direct measure of materi...

Background: Despite the growing interest in the relation between adiposity in children and different lifestyle clusters, few studies used a longitudinal design to examine a large range of behaviors in various contexts, in particular eating- and sleep-related routines, and few studies have examined these factors in young children. The objectives of...

This paper aimed to examine the effect of breastfeeding on longitudinal patterns of common infections up to 2 years and respiratory symptoms up to 8 years. To assess the incidence and reoccurrence of infections and allergic symptoms in the first years of life among 1,603 children from the EDEN mother-child cohort, distinct longitudinal patterns of...

Background: Religion has rarely been studied as a determinant of infant feeding practices. We examined whether religious affiliation is associated with formula feeding vs breastfeeding intention and practice in women from the United States Project Viva cohort. Methods: Between 1999 and 2002, 2128 pregnant women were recruited in the area of Bost...

We agree with J. Heinrich that randomised controlled trials are the gold standard to infer causality. According to the World Cancer Research Foundation, results from observational studies can however be used to support evidence for causal associations. This is even more valuable that randomized control trials are not always feasible or ethical, as...

Background and objectives Partially hydrolyzed formulas (pHF) are recommended in non‐breastfed infants with familial history of allergy to prevent allergy development. However, recent meta‐analysis does not provide strong support for their protective effect. The present work assesses the links between 2‐month infant formula use and the incidence of...

In low- and middle-income countries, the protective effect of breastfeeding against infections is well established, but in high-income countries, the effect could be weakened by higher hygienic conditions. We aimed to examine the association between breastfeeding and infections in the first 2 years of life, in a high-income country with relatively...

Previous studies have shown a high level of noncompliance with recommendations on breastfeeding duration, especially in France. The objective was to describe the association between breastfeeding initiation and duration and the statutory duration of postnatal maternity leave, the gap between the end of legal maternity leave and the mother's return...

Although several studies have shown a positive association between socioeconomic position and size at birth, not enough is known about the modifiable factors that may be involved. We aimed to investigate whether maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), smoking, diet, and depression during pregnancy mediate the positive association between mater...

Most professional and international organizations recommend folic acid supplementation for women planning pregnancy. Various studies have shown high levels of non-compliance with this recommendation. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic characteristics related to this compliance. The analyses were based on 16,809 women from the French nati...

The consumption of sugar, salt, and fat in infancy may influence later health. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of use of added sugar, salt, and fat during the complementary feeding period and the associated infant caregiving practices. Data were obtained from a monthly questionnaire filled by parents for 10,907 infants fro...

Discipline Épidémiologie. Introduction et but de l’étude La plupart des organisations professionnelles et nationales, y compris l’Organisation mondiale de la santé et, en France, la haute autorité de santé, recommandent une supplémentation en acide folique pour les femmes en période périconceptionnelle (4 semaines avant la conception et 8 semaines...

Contexte et objectifs Alors que plusieurs études ont montré une association positive entre le statut socio-économique et le poids et la taille à la naissance, les facteurs de risques modifiables impliqués ne sont pas bien connus. Notre étude a pour but de déterminer quels facteurs prénataux expliquent ces associations. Méthodes Sur une population...

Background A range of postnatal and maternal factors influences childhood obesity, but their relative importance remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the relative impact of postnatal rapid growth and maternal factors on early childhood growth trajectories. Subjects Secondary longitudinal analysis of pooled data from the Melbourne Infant Fee...

Objective: To assess the role of the mother's mother and mothers’ previous personal experiences with breastfeeding and childcare in breastfeeding practices. Design and setting: The analysis included 13,774 mother–infant dyads from the French national birth cohort ELFE. Feeding practices were assessed by face-to-face interview in maternity wards in...

Background/objectives: Studies in high-income countries show that despite the positive association of weight with socioeconomic position at birth, an inverse socioeconomic gradient in overweight (OW) appears later in childhood. The objectives were to understand the natural history of socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index...

Introduction Lorsqu’un enfant non allaité présente un risque allergique, l’utilisation d’un lait infantile portant un label hypoallergénique « HA » est préconisée. L’hydrolysat protéique partiel contenu dans ces laits étant construit pour favoriser la tolérance immunitaire. Méthodes Parmi plus de 8000 enfants de la cohorte de naissance ELFE, l’ali...