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A novel packet scheduling for high speed bursty traffic in LTE based-3G concepts
Abstract and Figures
Third Generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPP LTE) requires low complexity, efficient scheduling policies to sustain optimal system operation while maintaining high level Quality of Service (QoS) to each active traffic flow. In sequel, the fairness principle is crucial in the design of a robust scheduler, due to buffer status, spectrum allocation limitations, intra-cell interference restrictions and delay requirements. In this paper, we propose two novel schedulers for LTE 3G networks, capable of supporting high speed bursty data, namely Delay Threshold Normalized Scheduler (DTNS) and Queue Packet Normalized Scheduler (QPNS). Both schedulers are founded on the concept of overall traffic flow queue evaluation, in a recursive manner. In addition, the packet scheduling procedure is jointly designed to operate within a cross-layer framework, incorporating variations of the LTE wireless channel. For comparison purposes, we show that the proposed schedulers outperform adopted, 3G schedulers on the average service delay and packet loss, while maintaining low per-slot in-processing complexity.
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In future wireless networks multimedia applications are expected to finally dominate the overall traffic volume. Shared channels
are more suitable for the transmission of this type of traffic, as they are able to periodically adjust their transmission
rate. In this paper, we introduce a cross-layer framework for WCDMA based networks which aims to make the packet scheduling
procedure more efficient. In addition to that, we further propose a traffic scheduling scheme which serves the connections
not only according to their delay sensitivity, but also according to the predicted state of their wireless channel. The efficiency
of the proposed scheme, in terms of average packet delay and channel utilization is verified via simulations.
Queue disciplines studied in the past have not given the system designer sufficient freedom with which to alter the relative waiting times of the various priority groups. In this paper, results are derived for a delay dependent priority system in which a unit's priority is increased, from zero, linearly with time in proportion to a rate assigned to the unit's priority group. The utility of this new priority structure is that it provides a number of degrees of freedom with which to manipulate the relative waiting times for each priority group.
This paper proposes a channel-adapted and buffer-aware scheduling algorithm in LTE wireless communication system. The scheme allocates system resource jointly PHY-MAC layer according to CQI feed back with the uplink, considers UE buffer status to avoid buffer overflow, and guarantees certain fairness among users. Comparing with traditional scheduling algorithms such as RR, PO and PF, the simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can achieve higher system throughput and less packet loss.
LTE Release 8 is one of the primary broadband technologies based on OFDM, which is currently being commercialized. LTE Release 8, which is mainly deployed in a macro/microcell layout, provides improved system capacity and coverage, high peak data rates, low latency, reduced operating costs, multi-antenna support, flexible bandwidth operation and seamless integration with existing systems. LTE-Advanced (also known as LTE Release 10) significantly enhances the existing LTE Release 8 and supports much higher peak rates, higher throughput and coverage, and lower latencies, resulting in a better user experience. Additionally, LTE Release 10 will support heterogeneous deployments where low-power nodes comprising picocells, femtocells, relays, remote radio heads, and so on are placed in a macrocell layout. The LTE-Advanced features enable one to meet or exceed IMT-Advanced requirements. It may also be noted that LTE Release 9 provides some minor enhancement to LTE Release 8 with respect to the air interface, and includes features like dual-layer beamforming and time-difference- of-arrival-based location techniques. In this article an overview of the techniques being considered for LTE Release 10 (aka LTEAdvanced) is discussed. This includes bandwidth extension via carrier aggregation to support deployment bandwidths up to 100 MHz, downlink spatial multiplexing including single-cell multi-user multiple-input multiple-output transmission and coordinated multi point transmission, uplink spatial multiplexing including extension to four-layer MIMO, and heterogeneous networks with emphasis on Type 1 and Type 2 relays. Finally, the performance of LTEAdvanced using IMT-A scenarios is presented and compared against IMT-A targets for full buffer and bursty traffic model.
This paper investigates the performance of well known packet scheduling algorithms developed for single carrier wireless systems from a real time video streaming perspective. The performance evaluation is conducted using the downlink third generation partnership project long term evolution (3GPP LTE) system as the simulation platform. This paper contributes to the identification of a suitable packet scheduling algorithm for use in the downlink 3GPP LTE system supporting video streaming services. Simulation results show that, in the downlink 3GPP LTE system supporting video streaming services, maximum-largest weighted delay first (M-LWDF) algorithm outperforms other packet scheduling algorithms by providing a higher system throughput, supporting a higher number of users and guaranteeing fairness at a satisfactory level.
3GPP long term evolution is one of the major steps in mobile communication to enhance the user experience for next-generation mobile broadband networks. In LTE, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access is adopted in the downlink of its E-UTRA air interface. Although cross-layer techniques have been widely adopted in literature for dynamic resource allocation to maximize data rate in OFDMA wireless networks, application-oriented quality of service for video delivery, such as delay constraint and video distortion, have been largely ignored. However, for wireless video delivery in LTE, especially delay-bounded real-time video streaming, higher data rate could lead to higher packet loss rate, thus degrading the user-perceived video quality. In this article we present a new QoS-aware LTE OFDMA scheduling algorithm for wireless real-time video delivery over the downlink of LTE cellular networks to achieve the best user-perceived video quality under the given application delay constraint. In the proposed approach, system throughput, application QoS constraints, and scheduling fairness are jointly integrated into a cross-layer design framework to dynamically perform radio resource allocation for multiple users, and to effectively choose the optimal system parameters such as modulation and coding scheme and video encoding parameters to adapt to the varying channel quality of each resource block. Experimental results have shown significant performance enhancement of the proposed system.
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (EUTRA), known as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) technology, brings cellular communication to the fourth generation (4G) era. In this article, we discuss the most important characteristics of LTE; its simplified network architecture which allows ultimate means for adaptation of the radio transmission to the Internet packet traffic flows and to the varying channel states. LTE radio resource management is based on time–frequency scheduling, fast feedback between the transmitter and receiver, and nearly optimal adaptation of transport formats. Yet, the radio system is simple and cost efficient to manage from the evolved packet core network, having a server architecture with IP tunnels. The mobility states and resource allocation allow power save operation of the User Equipment when not actively communicating. In addition, we brief the key results on the LTE baseline performance for paired and unpaired frequency bands, i.e. the two duplex modes.
the MAC scheduler is an important and crucial entity of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and is responsible for efficiently allocating the radio resources among mobile users who have different QoS demands. The scheduler takes different considerations into account such as throughput and fairness when deciding the allocation of the scarce radio resources. LTE is an all IP packet system in which guaranteeing QoS is a real challenge. Therefore the LTE MAC scheduler should consider not only the throughput optimization but also the QoS differentiations in an effective manner. In this paper, we propose a novel LTE downlink MAC scheduling algorithm. The proposed scheduler differentiates between the different QoS classes and their requirements. Two different QoS classifications are considered: Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) and non Guaranteed Bit Rate (non-GBR). The proposed scheduler also considers the different users channel conditions and tries to create a balance between the QoS guarantees and the multi-user diversity in a proportional fair manner. The simulation analysis confirms that guaranteeing the different QoS requirements is possible.