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Parental monitoring Parental monitoring of adolescent's behaviour: Trajectories, risk factors, and associated outcomes
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... Pemantauan ibu bapa yang diberi perhatian ialah jantina iaitu lelaki dan perempuan serta peringkat umur anak-anak (Garner et al. 2010). Pada peringkat umur, pemantauan ibu bapa terhadap anak-anak semakin berkurangan apabila mereka meningkat umur dewasa (Barnes et al. 2000). ...
In order to investigate associations between parenting and delinquent behaviour in an Ethiopian context, we studied both a target group of adolescent boys (aged 13–19 years) in prison (n = 86) and a control group (n = 93). The boys completed questionnaires on perceived parenting practices and their own prosocial and problem behaviours. The results showed that boys in the prison group reported significantly less positive parenting, monitoring, rules, material rewarding and autonomy than the boys in the control group, but more harsh punishment, ignoring of unwanted behaviour and psychological control. Boys in prison also reported significantly more emotional and conduct problems. Further, results indicated that parenting dimensions (less support and more negative control) increased the odds of being in prison above family characteristics (lower educational status of the adolescent and mother, living in a family with divorced parents or in a single parent family).
The construct, self-concept, has been evoked to explain overt behavior across a wide spectrum of situations, and the attainment of a positive self-concept has been posited as a desirable goal in personality and child development, in clinical treatments, and in education. Its importance notwithstanding, research and evaluations using self-concept have suffered from imprecise theoretical formulation of the construct and inadequate measurement instruments. In an attempt to remedy this situation, Shavelson, Hubner, and Stanton (1976) posited a multifaceted, hierarchical self-concept with facets becoming more distinct with age, and set forth criteria for evaluating adequate instrumentation. This paper brings together recent research on this model and instrumentation. Each of these hypotheses is supported, though the structure appears to be more complicated than originally proposed and the facets are so distinct by late adolescence that the hierarchy is necessarily very weak. Further empirical research and theoretical clarification are required on the nature of this hierarchy and how it re1ates to the different uses of the general-self construct.
This technical volume is intended to serve as a reference book for researchers who are using constructs or indicators to describe family interaction. In these analyses, each concept {latent construct} is defined by a minimum of 3 {and up to 10} indicators. The volume details the psychometric analyses of each indicator {itemetric study, reliability, distribution, skewness, and kurtosis}. The fit of the indicators to the construct is examined with factor analysis constrained to a single solution. The results of the analyses constitute the preliminary definition of a construct. The process of construct definition is set forth in the papers by Patterson and Bank {1986; in press}. This manual can also serve as a source of further information to researchers who read published articles or books from the Oregon Youth Study {OYS} and need more detailed information on the analyses conducted than can be provided in the space of a book or journal article on theory and results. One of the costs of working with a data set of this magnitude is that the analyses conducted cannot be reported fully in anyone publication, with the result that the interested reader finds it insufficient to replicate the studies. It is hoped that this volume will provide a solid foundation for all who have than a passing interest in the OYS, or in analyses for this type of data more set.
In this study, the Children's Hassles Scale, the Life Events Record, the Intellectual Achievement Responsibility Scale, and the Hare Self-Esteem Scale were used as measures to examine the monitoring processes of parents and their effects on the attitudes and experiences of sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade African American inner-city adolescents (N = 498). Parental influence wasfound to be significant in the career and goal aspirations of the adolescents, despite adolescents' reports of feeling "hassled" by parents. Parental monitoring activities, reported as "hassles" by youth, and the adolescents' self-efficacy were positive indicators of learning responsibility. The study also measured the differences in perceptions between the sexes for the adolescents studied.
The following values have no corresponding Zotero field:
CY - Macarthur, New South Wales, Australia
PB - University of Western Sydney, Faculty of Education.
ID - 579
Repetti's (1989, 1994) argument that daily work stress leads parents to withdraw from family interaction was tested by examining parents' knowledge of their school-aged children's experiences, whereabouts, and activities in a sample of 181 dual-earner families. Cluster analysis of husbands' and wives' work hours, role overload, and work pressure produced three clusters: high mother demands, low demands, and high father demands. Parents were less knowledgeable when fathers' jobs were highly demanding and when they had younger boys or were less happily married. The negative effects of fathers' work stress appear to be exacerbated by poor marital quality and by having a younger son.
This article is a follow-up to Jones, Nagin, and Roeder (2001), which described an SAS procedure for estimating group-based trajectory models. Group-based trajectory is a specialized application of finite mixture modeling and is designed to identify clusters of individuals following similar progressions of some behavior or outcome over age or time. This article has two purposes. One is to summarize extensions of the methodology and of the SAS procedure that have been developed since Jones et al. The other is to illustrate how group-based trajectory modeling lends itself to presentation of findings in the form of easily understood graphical and tabular data summaries.
Empirical evidence supports parental monitoring as a moderator of adolescent problem behaviours. A methodological review shows that monitoring has been measured using self-report questions based on parental knowledge of adolescent free-time use; however, inconsistencies in the definition of monitoring have created confusion. A process model of parental monitoring is proposed. This proposed model conceptualises monitoring interactions in a temporal sequence. It proposes that parental monitoring occurs in two distinct stages: before the adolescent goes out and when they return home. Parental and adolescent responses to monitoring interactions impact on future monitoring episodes. The proposed model demonstrates that a functional understanding of parent and adolescent monitoring behaviours is essential to clinical prevention and intervention.
This study examines the relationships between mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of negative work-to-family spillover and their knowledge of their preadolescent children’s (mean age = 11.8 years) daily lives in a sample of dual-earner families. Three constructs are tested as potential mediators of the association between spillover and parental knowledge: marital love, parent-child involvement in joint activities, and parent-child acceptance. Evidence supporting mediation emerges for fathers: negative work-to-family spillover predicts paternal knowledge of children’s daily activities indirectly via both (a) father-child acceptance and (b) fathers’ involvement in joint activities with their children. No evidence in support of mediation is found for mothers.