Rachel Anne Kornhaber

Charles Sturt University · School of Paramedicie

Autistic students experience elevated rates of school exclusion, whether this be through expulsion, suspension, informal suspension, refusal of enrolment, or school refusal. This exclusion can come about from a range of factors, including sensory or cognitive overload, a lack of training in neurodiversity for teachers, an absent sense of safety by...

Aim: This study compared the effectiveness of polymeric membrane breast pads compared to lanolin ointment for the management of painful, damaged nipples associated with breastfeeding. Methods: We conducted a prospective quasi-randomised, 2-arm, open trial among breastfeeding women with painful traumatised nipples (N=104) who were assigned to either...

Partial-thickness burns are the most common form of burns, affecting the dermis and possibly resulting in scarring and infection. The Spincare® System is a new device that uses electrospinning technology to create a temporary skin-like matrix that can be applied to wounds. This study evaluated the performance, safety, and efficacy of Spincare in tr...

Despite legislative and policy mechanisms that promote inclusion in education for children with disabilities, many students still experience exclusion from the education setting. For example, autistic children are more likely than their neurotypical counterparts to be expelled or suspended from school or to refuse to attend school on an ongoing bas...

Outcomes of discrimination for autistic people include masking, social isolation and exclusion, trauma, and mental health problems. This discursive paper discusses the discrimination experienced by autistic people in health, education, employment, and media settings; and considers how to reduce the impact of discrimination. Addressing the impact of...

An accurate and comprehensive histopathology report is essential for cutaneous melanoma management, providing critical information for accurate staging and risk estimation and determining the optimal surgical approach. In many institutions, a review of melanoma biopsy specimens by expert dermatopathologists is considered a necessary step. This stud...

Nearly four decades after cultured epidermal autografts (CEA) were first used for the treatment of extensive burn wounds, the current gold standard treatment remains grafting healthy autologous skin from a donor site to the damaged areas, with current skin substitutes limited in their clinical use. We propose a novel treatment approach, using an el...

This scoping review brings together existing studies on the use of cats in animal-assisted interventions, as assistance animals and as companion animals for autistic people. A systematic search across PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus in September 2022 identified 13 articles from 12 studies meeting the selection criteria with analysis revealing two key fin...

Background Psychological resources have been shown to play a prominent role in buffering against stress and are associated with various positive constructs, including grit, defined as having the disposition to pursue long-term goals with both passion and perseverance. Objective The objective of this study was to validate a new scale developed to m...

Despite evidence of the impact of adult children's migration on left-behind older parents, the comparison of left-behind older parents’ mental health and psychological well-being between internal and international migration is limited. This article examines how the relationship between adult children's migration and parent's mental health differs a...

Background Academic mentorship usually involves an ongoing, supportive relationship between experienced academics and research candidates, and is fundamental to establishing and nurturing scholarship and the skills for dealing with the changing demands of the academic environment. Mentoring is a valuable strategy for the development of students enr...

Several so-called “smart” dressings are available for burn injuries to promote faster wound healing, and this technology has recently reported substantial advancements. However, the selection of an appropriate dressing for partial-thickness burns requires consideration of several crucial elements, including exudate management, conformability, antim...

Autism spectrum conditions are a group of neurodevelopmental conditions that carries an array of co-occurring diagnoses, including a heightened risk of suicide attempts and suicide. This scoping review examined primary research focusing on autism and suicidality, to understand what is currently known on the topic, including how autism changes the p...

Given the higher rates of co-occurring mental health issues experienced by autistic people, there is a pressing need to implement an effective framework that integrates autism services with appropriate mental health services. This paper discusses the impact of mental illness on the person with autism and their families, and the current challenges t...

For people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the risk of mental illness, including suicidality, has a higher prevalence than the general population. This scoping review explored how people with ASD access suicide hotlines/crisis support services; and current approaches to delivering mental health services (MHS) to people with ASD. A search ident...

Grit has been linked to increased performance, retention and well‐being in various fields. Defined as having perseverance and passion for long‐term goals, grit is a personality trait related to one's perseverance of effort (perseverance) and consistency of interests (passion) toward their goals. In the fifteen years since the original grit scale wa...

This article proposes an integrative model for the psychological resources of grit. The growing body of work in nursing on the topic of grit indicates considerable interest in achieving long-term goals, especially amidst uncertainty from the COVID-19 pandemic. Motivational behaviors are thought to influence engagement in continuing education in nur...

Chemical burns can cause deep injury and subsequently significant scarring to the skin. The mechanism and pathophysiology of chemical burns is distinct to thermal burns, and recommended first aid approaches are consequently different. Twenty minutes of cool running water is an effective first aid measure to improve outcomes after thermal burn. For...

Based on the Israeli National Trauma Registry (INTR) data, this study reports etiological, demographic, and clinical trends and includes all admissions to burn and trauma centers across Israel from 2011 to 2019 and compares these with 2004 to 2010 rates. From 2011 to 2019, 5,710 patients were admitted to burn centers across Israel. Children aged 0...

Objectives To experimentally compare two fractional ablative CO2 laser handpieces intended for the treatment of large area burn scars. Each handpiece coverage rate, depth of penetration and application time were measured and compared in a simulation model of large area burns scars using a dynamic/roller handpiece (small footprint) and a stationary/...

Electric powered bicycles and scooters that use rechargeable lithium batteries are an urban transportation alternative and have become increasingly popular. However, in recent years, there has been an increase in patient admissions to the Israeli National Burn Center with burns associated with their use. In this case series of all patients (n=9) re...

Dressings used to manage donor site wounds have up to 40% of patients experiencing complications that may cause suboptimal scarring. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a portable electrospun nanofibrous matrix that provides contactless management of donor site wounds compared with standard dressing techniques. This study included adult patient...

Violence against women and girls by burning is a serious and confronting form of gender-based violence. Often, perpetrators aim to disfigure their victims or cause great pain, rather than kill them. Little is known about the characteristics of females who are subjected to violence by burning. This study aimed to review the literature concerning the...

This systematic review focused on animal cruelty in abusive adult intimate partner relationships with a specific focus on the prevalence, motivations, and impact of animal abuse on victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the pets involved. Peer-reviewed research articles were sourced from online databases PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycInfo...

Background The contribution of various volcanic phenomena to immediate soft tissue injury types has received limited attention challenging emergency management planning. This integrative review sought to investigate the immediate types of soft tissue-related injury sustained following volcanic eruptions. Methods A systematic search was conducted i...

Studies on elderly mental health focus on disorders such as depression and dementia, with anxiety disorder getting less attention. Although the risk factors of mental illness in elderly have been extensively studied comparatively little is known about the correlates of older people’s mental health in developing countries. Using data from a populati...

Studies on elderly mental health focus on disorders such as depression and dementia, with anxiety disorder getting less attention. Although the risk factors of mental illness in older people have been extensively studied comparatively little is known about the correlates of older people’s mental health in developing countries. Using data from a pop...

Aim To assess the psychometric properties of the Nepali language version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). Design Descriptive, cross-sectional survey. Methods The DASS-21 was administered (May–July 2019) among 794 randomly selected older adults aged ≥60 years. Factor structure was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory fact...

Background Pain associated with surgical or enzymatic burn wound debridement prevents many burn centres from working outside an operating theatre, creating a burden. Alternatives for general anaesthesia to manage pain in burn patients treated with enzymatic debridements, such as regional anaesthesia, have not been studied in detail. This study expl...

Animal owners who experience the death of a beloved family pet or companion animal may experience feelings of grief and loss that are synonymous with the death of a human. This systematic review synthesized 19 qualitative papers from 17 studies that explored the psychosocial impact of bereavement and grieving the loss of a pet. The analysis reveale...

Pet ownership provides a unique relationship that is beneficial to many aspects of the pet owner’s life, including mental health and companionship. Mental health and social isolation are negatively impacted by homelessness, increasing the importance of the owner-pet bond during this time. However, this relationship is complicated by the need for pe...

Objectives This systematic review assessed the influence of online health information (OHI) search behaviour on health and medical decisions. Methods Eligible studies were identified by searching electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL in February 2020 for studies reporting OHI search behaviour and its influence on health decisions. Inform...

Despite population ageing and the increase in mental health problems, studies on the mental health of older people in developing countries are lacking. This population-based cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence and associated factors for depression, anxiety and stress symptoms among older adults in Nepal. Community-dwelling older adults (...

Aim Studies regarding the impact of adult children's migration on older parents left‐behind have focused on physical and mental health. This study assessed the relationship between migration of adult children and quality of life (QOL) of older parents left‐behind in Nepal. Methods A cross‐sectional community‐based survey was carried out (May–July...

The concept of grit, defined as having passion and perseverance for long-term goals, has gained significant recognition in recent years. The idea that being gritty is ultimately more important than innate talent to achieve goals has widespread appeal. This review examined the concept of grit to clarify relationships between constructs and identify...

Study Design Systematic review of hyaluronic acid (HA)-related complications. Objective To systematically review all available literature including case reports and case series to identify a pattern for the management of vascular compromise resulting in facial skin ischemia and ocular manifestations following HA injection. Methods This review was...

Background: Healthcare requires effective leadership to improve patient outcomes, manage change, and achieve organizational goals. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate interventions aimed at improving leadership behavior in health professionals. Methods: A systematic literature review of key databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and...

Google has become so synonymous with information search, retrieval and sharing that it entered our lexicon as the most‐used verb to express searching information online. Consequently, few are surprised to learn that ‘googling’ applies as equally to health information seeking as it does to TV series spoilers or homemade slime recipes. Almost half th...

This study systematically reviewed the quantitative evidence for the impact of burn injuries on body image. Primary research assessing body image using standardized scales published in peer-reviewed journals were systematically searched using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, CINHAL, and PsycINFO in January 2020. Studies reporting relationsh...

Background: Heating devices can provide relief from muscular pain and the cold, however they may result in burn injuries when used inappropriately. Objective: This review article synthesizes the incidence, risk factors, outcomes, treatment, and prevention of burns sustained from body heating devices in order to better understand how these burns...

Objective: To synthesise qualitative research that explored caregivers’ experiences of caring for family diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods: Electronic databases including PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus were searched to identify relevant journal articles published from 2000 to March 2019. Quality was assessed and thematic synthesis of the q...

Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a model for the relationship of care between service users and service providers that recognises the importance of trauma, past and present, on that person's experiences, vulnerabilities and recovery. Burn injuries are a complex area of healthcare where trauma and the mental health disorders associated with trauma can...

Trauma impacts people’s coping mechanisms with their ability to function posing risks to their capacity to manage and respond appropriately to stressors, and to recover. Trauma informed care recognises the needs of survivors by focusing on system-wide design and support during recovery, minimising the risk of re-traumatisation, and maximising choic...

Natural disasters are inherently traumatic. The unexpected, unpredictable, threatening, and overwhelming nature of these events can be destabilising and distressing, potentially leading to psychological trauma (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2014). Psychological trauma encompasses how people respond to physical and psych...

Background: Rapid and selective bromelain-based enzymatic debridement provides a non-surgical alternative for the eschar removal in deep burns, which allows for early debridement of large surface areas, accurate evaluation of burn and wound depth, and the need for skin grafting. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of application of a bromelain-...

Objectives: The prevalence of self-immolation is significantly higher in some Middle Eastern and Central Asian Islamic countries than in Western countries. Self-immolation typically occurs among females and can be either an attempt at suicide or an act of protest. This systematic review examined the drivers and consequences of self-immolation in A...

Research indicates a strong bond between those who are homeless and their companion animals. This relationship provides a number of benefits to the homeless person as well as to the animal, including safety, responsibility and improved emotional and mental health. However, the relationship can also add challenges, including decreased access to acco...

Every publication addressing suicide, particularly youth suicide, starts with the 'alarming statistics' - often in the form of the absolute numbers of deaths or the ranking of suicide as the cause of death.

Since Nightingale implied that progress was inherent in good nursing, change has slowly but surely accelerated to a frenetic pace in health care and to a degree in nursing. However, the healthy progress and implications associated with change in the nursing profession are not as readily embraced as this pace may imply. Rather, embracing change at t...

Background Suicide remains a global issue with over 800,000 people dying from suicide every year. Youth suicide is especially serious due to the years of life lost when a young person takes their own life. Social interactions, perceived support, genetic predisposition and mental illnesses are factors associated with suicide ideation. Objectives To...

Introduction: The elderly experience higher mortality rates and poorer outcomes compared to younger burn survivors with similar injuries. Methods: This epidemiological study reviewed records of all admitted elderly burn patients collected from five burns facilities in Israel between 1997-2016. Collected data was limited to the population aged 20...

Research into recovery and adjustment after burn injury has indicated a link between psychopathological symptoms including traumatic stress, distress, depression and anxiety, and worse psychosocial and physical outcomes. The severity of psychological symptoms does not always correlate with that of the burn injury, and symptoms can be ongoing in cer...

Use of complementary and alternative medicine for wound healing is influencing mainstream medical practice. This systematic review evaluates the role of Calendula officinalis flower extract as monotherapy compared to control for wound healing in vivo. Searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL...

There is a growing need both locally and internationally to manage the effects of traumatic and loss experiences on the development and recovery of refugee children and young people. Trauma, whether active or through deprivation, is degenerative, with crucial impact on developing bodies, brains and minds. This discursive article considers the natur...

Background Good family functioning is important to improve outcomes for children who have sustained a burn injury. While knowledge regarding parental distress is increasing, less is known about parents’ need for support during their child’s hospitalisation. Aim To systematically synthesise existing research focussing on the support needs of parent...

Power – or the wielding of power – is an evitable and necessary component of the way organisations function. This is because power forms the basis of ‘getting things done’, ‘making a difference’ and achieving outcomes – the common goal of all organisations (Blake & Mouton, 1968; Vine, 2004). Power is further broken down into two types: ‘power to’ o...

Background: Methamphetamine intoxication presentations to emergency departments (EDs) including trauma centres, general EDs and psychiatric emergency services have risen world-wide. Objectives: A review of the clinical characteristics of patients presenting to a trauma centre or ED with methamphetamine intoxication or dependence to aid development...

This integrative literature review synthesizes the primary research evidence on mentoring female health academics published from 2000 to 2018, to identify the benefits, enablers and barriers to mentoring women. The need for this review is underpinned by the magnitude of change in higher education, the high number of women in health disciplines, lim...

Sample search strategy. (DOCX)

Introduction The proportion of those over 65 years is an ever-growing part of the population, and this obliges health systems worldwide to carry out effective solutions to care for this population. Regarding burn patients, there are diverse challenges when health professionals attend to elderly, such as prognosis estimation, length and intensivenes...

Delivery of safe quality care in health is augmented by better research capacity building. This can include financial investment in research and system development, and, mostly notably, human capacity to undertake research. Establishing capacity to undertake research warrants attention to a range of activities to build and sustain health profession...

Objectives: Child and adolescent burn survivors benefit from skills to cope with the physical and mental challenges associated with their injuries. Burn camps can offer an opportunity to build these skills. In this study, we systematically review the best available evidence on burn camps in order to better assess their impact on burn survivors. M...

Background Although a number of studies have examined the effect of the out-migration of children on the mental health of ‘left behind’ elderly parents, research on the consequences of children’s migration on the mental health and well-being of elderly parents left behind is inconclusive and a systematic review is warranted. Objectives To identify...

Quality assessment of included studies. (DOCX)

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of resilience interventions in improving resilience outcome among health professionals. Background: The nature of health professionals' work is physically and emotionally demanding, with trauma a common consequence with the act of providing health care. Design: A systematic review. Data Source: A comprehensive...

This article examines clinician experience in adopting a contemporary psychodynamic model of care by exploring the experiences and perspectives of staff at an Australian hospital-based sexual assault service (SAS), reflecting then on implications for how to best engage clinicians in a model of care change and training. The Conversational Model of T...

Children are at risk of physical and psychological injury due to the escalation of war and conflict across the globe. Consequently, children often become refugees with their families, or worse, alone as orphans. Asylum is sought across a diverse range of nations, sometimes close to home and sometimes far away in nations of different language and cu...

Advances in surgical techniques and wound management have improved outcomes for burn patients; however, the psychological impacts on burn survivors have had less attention. There is a higher rate of mental health disorders amongst burns victims, with those with pre‐existing mental health conditions likely to have worse outcomes. To implement effect...

Objective: To synthesize the evidence that explored resilience and emotional intelligence in undergraduate nursing students. Background: Nursing is a demanding profession that offers unique challenges. Emotional intelligence and resilience are traits that can allow nursing students to effectively respond to challenges in professional placements...

This single-case study explored associations between relational trauma experienced during childhood and relationally focused spiritual difficulties encountered during adulthood. Fifteen initial therapy transcripts of a 57-year-old female Christian with complex trauma were analyzed. Relational experiences included: (a) “eating their young” (early de...

In this paper, we demonstrate the value of implementing a Trauma-Informed Model of Care in a Community Acute Mental Health Team by providing brief intensive treatment (comprising risk interventions, brief counselling, collaborative formulation and pharmacological treatment). The team utilised the Conversational Model (CM), a psychotherapeutic appro...

Introduction The process of debridement involves the removal of devitalized tissue from a wound bed that aims to encourage granulation tissue to facilitate wound healing. Subsequently, there are differing methods of debridement that encompass mechanical, sharp and surgical debridement as well as autolytic, biological, enzymatic debridement. Debride...

Introduction Burn pain present a great challenge to the clinicians. Inadequate pain control in burns trauma has negative implications that can result in the development of chronic pain, acute and post-traumatic stress disorders and depression. The implementation of evidenced based burn pain management has a positive impact on both burn clinicians a...

Background There has been limited research into the prevalence of mental disorders amongst older adults in developing countries. Developing countries such as Nepal are undergoing significant demographic changes with an increasing number and proportion of older persons. Objective This systematic review reports the prevalence of mental health disorde...

Severe burn injuries are highly traumatic requiring lengthy recovery. High levels of distress in the early stages of treatment have been associated with poor physical and psychosocial recovery outcomes. Identifying traits relating to distress and personal coping styles may aid screening. Type-D, or 'distressed', personality may be such a trait. Typ...

Background: A significant burn can severely impact the lives of survivors and their carers. This systematic review sought to incorporate the experiences of guilt, blame and shame across the lifespan for burn survivors, their families as well as the experiences of the parents of burned children. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative studies...

Charcoal burning is a method of suicide that has only recently been identified, but now attributes to a significant an ever-increasing number of suicides. Before 2000 this method was relatively unknown and the exact mechanism of death unclear. Media coverage has more recently raised awareness of the phenomenon (Chen, Tsai, Biddle, Niederkrotenthale...