Qusay Hassan

University of Diyala · Mechanical Engineering

The study explores the feasibility of using a photovoltaic (PV) energy system to produce hydrogen for off-site hydrogen refueling stations (HRS) in three Iraqi cities (Karbala, Maysan, and Nineveh), focusing on a comprehensive system model consisting of a 558 MWp off-grid photovoltaic system, a 157.5 MWp proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer,...

In the quest for sustainable energy transformation, the integration of renewable distributed generation (IRDG) within smart grids (SG) presents a promising avenue, yet it is fraught with multifaceted challenges that impede its full potential. The study delves into the intricacies of SG-IRDG, shedding light on the inherent issues that currently stym...

The study provides a comprehensive assessment of strategic zoning for biomass energy development across various regions in Iraq through GIS-based analysis. It delves into the energy surplus factor a pivotal metric indicating a region capacity to produce energy beyond its consumption needs. Results indicate a significant disparity in energy producti...

The study evaluates the integration of solar, wind, and biomass energy systems in Iraq, targeting 88 locations to optimize electricity production for the building sector, which accounts for 45 % of the country energy consumption. The study reveals significant geographical variations in costs and efficiency, highlighting the necessity for tailored r...

The study presents a comprehensive thermal performance analysis of a U-pipe Evacuated Tube Solar Collector (U-ETSC) system, integrated with Phase Change Material (PCM), for satisfying water demand in domestic applications. The innovative approach of incorporating PCM aims to enhance the system's efficiency during night or off-sunny hours, addressin...

The global pivot towards sustainable energy solutions necessitates a closer examination of green hydrogen production using renewable energy sources. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and efficiency of green hydrogen production on an industrial scale using solar and wind energy in Diyala city, Iraq. Experimental weather data, including sola...

This comprehensive review delves into the burgeoning field of green hydrogen production through the utilization of renewable resources. As the global demand for clean and sustainable energy escalates, green hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution, garnering significant attention due to its potential to decarbonize various sectors. The study en...

The study presents a comprehensive review on the utilization of hydrogen as an energy carrier, examining its properties, storage methods, associated challenges, and potential future implications. Hydrogen, due to its high energy content and clean combustion, has emerged as a promising alternative to fossil fuels in the quest for sustainable energy....

The paper explores the advancements in hydrogen storage technologies and their implications for sustainability in the context of the hydrogen energy future. As the demand for clean and sustainable energy sources grows, hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution. The challenges and opportunities associated with scaling up hydrogen storage technolo...

This paper provides an in-depth review of the current state and future potential of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs). The urgency for more eco-friendly and efficient alternatives to fossil fuel-powered vehicles underlines the necessity of HFCVs, which utilize hydrogen gas to power an onboard electric motor, producing only water vapor and heat. D...

Citation: Jaszczur, M.; Hassan, Q.; Sameen, A.Z.; Salman, H.M.; Olapade, O.T.; Wieteska, S. Massive Green Hydrogen Production Using Solar and Wind Energy: Comparison between Europe and the Middle East. Energies 2023, 16, 5445. https:// Abstract: This comparative study examines the potential for green hydrogen production in Europe and the Middle Eas...

The future of energy is of global concern, with hydrogen emerging as a potential solution for sustainable energy development. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current hydrogen energy landscape, its potential role in a decarbonized future, and the hurdles that need to be overcome for its wider implementation. The first elucidates...

The challenge of climate change and the need for environmental sustainability necessitate rapid and transformative actions to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. This paper examines the role of renewable energy and artificial intelligence (AI) as catalysts in this endeavor, highlighting their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance en...

h i g h l i g h t s Hydrogen fuel is a high-density energy storage solution for future smart cities. Hydrogen has a variety of potential applications in smart cities as storing energy. Hydrogen fuel is being a key component for smart cities of energy storage needs. Hydrogen plays increasingly important role in energy needs of future smart cities. A...

The research study provides a techno-economic analysis for the green hydrogen generation based solar radiation data for both the single and hybrid alkaline water electrolyzer and energy storage system systems. In addition, a carbon footprint study is conducted to estimate the developed system carbon dioxide emissions. The optimal size of the alkali...

This paper explores the potential for hydrogen energy to become a future trend in Saudi Arabia energy industry. With the emergence of hydrogen as a promising clean energy source, there has been growing interest and investment in this area globally. This study investigated whether the country is likely to pursue this trend, given its current energy...

The study proposes a comprehensive framework to support the development of green hydrogen production, including the establishment of legal and regulatory frameworks, investment incentives, and public-private partnerships. Using official and public data from government agencies, the potential of renewable energy sources is studied, and some reasonab...

The most potential renewable energy source for global emissions reductions is green hydrogen production. Iraq is looking into several sources of alternative energy to lessen its dependency on fossil fuels and to considerably cut its carbon dioxide emissions. This research examined the conceptual framework for the production and consumption of green...

The study provided a techno-economic optimization technique for acquiring the ideal battery storage capacity in conjunction with a solar array capable of meeting the desired residential load with high levels of self-sufficiency. Moreover, the viability of a proposed photovoltaic battery system was evaluated. With a resolution of one minute, the ann...

The study examines the methods for producing hydrogen using solar energy as a catalyst. The two commonly recognised categories of processes are direct and indirect. Due to the indirect processes low efficiency, excessive heat dissipation, and dearth of readily available heat-resistant materials, they are ranked lower than the direct procedures desp...

The present Special Issue is devoted to themes that reveal the state-of-the-art in the knowledge and technological development of any area linked to alternative energy sources and green hydrogen production. Papers on both new and existing topics are encouraged for submission. New developments in areas such as photovoltaics; solar thermal energy; wi...

The paper carried out a techno-economic analysis in order to obtain the optimum battery storage capacity in conjunction with a photovoltaic array that can match the desired household load at highest possible self-consumption. In addition, it determined the economic feasibility of a proposed micro-system. Annual energy consumption, irradiance, and a...

Despite having enormous fossil fuel resources, the Middle East is susceptible to drops in oil and gas prices, which hurts the country budget. Even while the Middle Eastern countries that import energy enjoy cheaper energy costs, several of these nations have experienced war, social disorder, and political upheaval, which has made the position of th...

Abstract Hydrogen is a fuel with enormous potential to meet the need for ecologically friendly energy sources. Hydrogen from renewable sources can reroute renewable sources out of landfills and other expensive treatments. Despite this, several renewables-to-hydrogen methods are generally in their infancy and need substantial work to be recognised a...

The electrolysis of renewable energy to produce hydrogen has become a strategy for supporting a decarbonized economy. However, it is typically not cost-effective compared to conventional carbon-emitting methods. Due to the predicted intermediate of low-and zero-marginal-cost renewable energy sources, the ability of electrolysis to connect with elec...

Green hydrogen production is essential to meeting the conference of the parties’ (COP) decarbonization goals; however, this method of producing hydrogen is not as cost-effective as hydrogen production from fossil fuels. This study analyses an off-grid photovoltaic energy system designed to feed a proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzer for hydr...

The earth natural carrying capacity is being surpassed, and there is an urgent need to develop new alternatives, notably in regards to energy supplies, carbon dioxide emissions, and nitrogen supplies to the ecosystem. Hydrogen gas, produced from renewable energy by water electrolysis, may serve as a platform molecule for the 21st century low-carbon...

This research established the technoeconomic feasibility of an on-grid hybrid renewable energy system for delivering electricity to the deanery building of the Engineering College at the University of Diyala, Iraq. The most cost-effective system design was discovered by modeling and optimization, with an average daily load of 25.0 kWh and total cos...

In this research studies, the on-grid photovoltaic system capacity is sized based on the maximum energy self-consumption supplied to the household. The proposed system is designed and optimised for the house located in Diyala state, Iraq. The investigation is carried out using experimental data for electrical load and metrological data (solar irrad...

This research study evaluates the use of a supercapacitor module as a fast-response energy storage unit to improve energy self-consumption and self-sufficiency for renewable energy systems applications. The designed system consists of the photovoltaic component with 3.0 kWp capacity combined with (0–5) supercapacitor module with a capacity of 500F-...

The paper discusses the feasibility of the use solar energy into hydrogen production using a photovoltaic energy system in the four main cities of Iraq. An off-grid photovoltaic system with a capacity of 22.0 kWp, an 8.0 kW alkaline electrolyser, a hydrogen compressor, and a hydrogen tank were simulated for one year in order to generate hydrogen. A...

In the article, the viability of adopting photovoltaic energy systems to convert solar energy into hydrogen in Iraqi four main cities are examined. A 22 kWp off-grid solar system, an 8 kW alkaline electrolyzer, a hydrogen compressor, and a hydrogen tank were modeled for an entire year in order to produce hydrogen. Using hourly experimental weather...

The current research investigated the utilization of fuel cells as an energy storage unit in microgrid energy system applications in an effort to enhance self-consumption of renewable energy. The prototype evaluation is constructed of solar photovoltaic and fuel cell energy storage units. The study utilizes experimental weather and electrical load...

The article describes an experimental investigation of the impact of soiling on the photovoltaic modules in northeastern, Iraq. Over five months, the voltage, current power and energy curves of two identical modules with varying cleaning strategies (one was naturally dusty while the other was cleaned regularly) were measured. The impact of soiling...

The photovoltaic array has gained popularity in the global electrical market. At the same time, battery storage, which is recently being placed by energy consumers alongside photovoltaics, continues to fall in price. Domestic and community loads may be combined utilizing central battery storage and shared solar power through an integrated grid or m...

This research study evaluates the use of a supercapacitor module as a fast-response energy storage unit to improve energy self-consumption and self-sufficiency for renewable energy systems applications. The designed system consists of the photovoltaic component with 3.0 kWp capacity combined with (0-5) supercapacitor module with a capacity of 500F-...

In the literature several models have been derived by different authors in order to predict the solar irradiance intensity over inclined surfaces, however for the most models accuracy at various inclinations have not been verified. The study evaluated the estimation of solar irradiance at different tilt angles by means of different models based on...

The current research examined the usage of fuel cells as an energy storage unit to increase renewable energy self-consumption in microgrid energy system applications. The studied model is comprised of photovoltaic modules and a fuel cell that serves as the energy storage unit. The study was conducted in 2020, utilizing real-time weather and electri...

The work in this paper presents techno-economic evolution for two energy systems (conventional and renewable) set with grid connection. The investigation was carried out by using an experimental measurement for the desired load and weather data (solar irradiance and ambient temperature). The simulation process performed using MATLAB and HOMER softw...

The study evaluate the utilization of an ultra supercapacitor as an energy storage unit effectively increase energy self-consumption in applications using microgrid renewable energy systems. Two scenarios were evaluated in this study: (scenario A) a photovoltaic and energy storage system; and (scenario B) a photovoltaic, energy storage, and wind tu...

The study evaluates the visibility of solar photovoltaic power plant construction for electricity generation based on a 20 MW capacity. The assessment was performed for four main cities in Iraq by using hourly experimental weather data (solar irradiance, wind speed, and ambient temperature). The experimental data was measured for the period from 1s...

The main objectives of this study are to assess the degradation of power, voltage and current for photovoltaic (PV) modules in predicting temperature and soiling based on five-month measurements. This study aimed to present simple experimental models for estimating the temperature and effects of dust on PV power generation. Results demonstrated tha...

The main objectives of this study are to assess the degradation of power, voltage and current for photovoltaic (PV) modules in predicting temperature and soiling based on five-month measurements. This study aimed to present simple experimental models for estimating the temperature and effects of dust on PV power generation. Results demonstrated tha...

The main objectives of this study are to assess the degradation of power, voltage and current for photovoltaic (PV) modules in predicting temperature and soiling based on five-month measurements. This study aimed to present simple experimental models for estimating the temperature and effects of dust on PV power generation. Results demonstrated tha...

The main objectives of this study are to assess the degradation of power, voltage and current for photovoltaic (PV) modules in predicting temperature and soiling based on five-month measurements. This study aimed to present simple experimental models for estimating the temperature and effects of dust on PV power generation. Results demonstrated tha...

The paper presents a technical and economic analysis for two energy systems (conventional and renewable) with grid connection. The investigation was carried out using an experimental measurement for the desired load and weather data (solar irradiance and ambient temperature), were 5.1 kWh the daily energy consumption as measured and 4.6 kWh/m ² /da...

This research study uses a computer simulation based on real input data to examine the impact of a supercapacitor module working as a fast response energy storage unit in renewable energy systems to increase energy self-consumption and self-sufficiency. The evaluated system includes a photovoltaic system with a capacity of 3.0 kWp and between 0 and...

This work aims to assess the potential solar energy and determine the optimum tilt angles of maximum solar irradance in Iraq. The south-facing optimum tilt angle has been determined for eighteen cities of Iraq for estimation the solar radiation capacity. The optimisation process is performed by using hourly experimental solar radiation data for nin...

In this work, the aging effects on modelling and operation of a photovoltaic system with hydrogen storage in terms of energy production decrease and demand for additional hydrogen during 10 years of the system operation was analysed for the entire energy system for the first time. The analyses were performed with the support of experimental data fo...

The importance of renewable energy provides a great opportunity to meet the demand for household electricity located in Baqubaha, Diyala, Iraq. Intentionally, there are to renewable energy components have been selected wind turbine (1 kW) and photovoltaic array (1.65 kW) for assessing the sources of renewable energy to serve household desired load....

The electrical load temporal resolution on the simulated photovoltaic system electrical energy flows and self-consumption are investigated in order to determine the analysis uncertainty. The renewable energy system under investigation includes a grid-connected photovoltaic system with a capacity of 0.55, 1.1, 1.65, 2.2 and 2.75 kWp. Results show th...

A combination of heat transfer augmentation techniques is highly necessary to enhance the performance of Thermal Energy Storage (TES) systems employed in a wide range of applications. The major issue is that many of the Phase Change Materials (PCMs) possess low thermal conductivity (0.2 W/m K), resulting in an inefficient melting process. Triplex T...

A numerical method was developed for optimising solar–hydrogen energy system to supply renewable energy for typical household connected with the grid. The considered case study involved household located in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. The solar–hydrogen energy system was designed to meet the desired electrical load and increase the renewable energy f...

This study aims to design a renewable energy system that can meet the desired electrical load of households with low energy cost, high renewable energy fraction and low CO2 emissions. Photovoltaic solar power systems used to electrify typical households in Iraq were investigated through simulation and optimisation. One-minute resolution simulations...

On-Grid photovoltaic household-prosumers systems without energy storage typically undergo many fast and short- term energy flows to and from the grid due to the solar irradiation fluctuation and rapid local fluctuations of load. This negatively affects grid system stability and decreases renewable energy system self-consumption and efficiency. Batt...

This research study aimed to design and optimise hybrid renewable energy systems at two optimisation objectives. The economic and environmental optimisation objectives of four hybrid power system scenarios were tested based on a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm. The selected optimisation objectives were used simultaneously and parallel to se...

The photovoltaic module temperature depends on many parameters and becomes an important parameter from the system efficiency point of view. For this reason, in this research, a comprehensive analysis of the photovoltaic modules has been done using in-situ experimental measurement and computer simulation. The objective of the current work is to mode...

In this work, we focus on utilization of hybrid renewable energy system for a residential load based in two different optimisation criteria. The presented system utilises photovoltaic modules wind turbines and batteries as energy storage. The analyses were carried out based on experimental measurements, for the electrical load, local solar radiatio...

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems connected to the traditional power suppliers are an interesting technological solution in the field of energy engineering and the integration of renewable systems with other energy systems can significantly increase in energy reliability. In this paper, an analysis and optimization of the hybrid energy system, which...

Solid particles impair the performance of the photovoltaic (PV) modules. This results in power losses which lower the efficiency of the system as well as the increases of temperature which additionally decreases the performance and lifetime. The deposited dust chemical composition, concentration and formation of a dust layer on the PV surface diffe...

The maximisation of the efficiency of the photovoltaic system is crucial in order to increase the competitiveness of this technology. Unfortunately, several environmental factors in addition to many alterable and unalterable factors can significantly influence the performance of the PV system. Some of the environmental factors that depend on the si...

In this study, a new investigation is underway with the primary objective of the weather parameters impacton the wind turbine power. Therobust and straightforward dynamic model for accurate predicting wind turbine output power waspresented. The evaluation has been done for thewhole environmental components influencing on the model and output power....

In recent years, the use of micro-jet engine increased is likely to continue to grow because of the ever-increasing applications such as: an unmanned aerial vehicle and small missiles. Many industrial applications used different technics to provide an effective means for the turbine blades heat transfer. The paper presents an approach to investigat...

The impact of the photovoltaic module temperature and natural dust deposition on the module front surface on the photovoltaic system performance was investigated. The study was conducted in the city center of Krakow, Poland, characterized by high pollution and low wind speed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the photovoltaic module power...

The increase in global energy consumption and the expected exhaustion of traditional energy sources, especially in the last century, led to an increased search for alternative sources of energy. The use of renewable energy sources has become extremely important to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Due to the stochastic nature of the renewable ener...

The increase in global energy consumption and the expected exhaustion of traditional energy sources, especially in the last century, led to an increased search for alternative sources of energy.The use of renewable energy sources has become extremely important to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Due to the stochastic nature of the renewable energ...

Recently aviation accident data shows that many fatal accidents in aviation are due to airworthiness issues despite the fact that all civil and private aircraft are required to comply with the airworthiness standards set by their national airworthiness authority. This paper presents a unique approach to continuous airworthiness problems optimizatio...

The objective of this work is to evaluate fluid flow and heat transfer from a standard photovoltaic module by means of comprehensive analysis for the polycrystalline photovoltaic modules by using three-dimension CFD numerical modelling and experimental measurement. The analysis shows that PV module temperature is incident solar radiation GT and amb...

In this paper, an investigation of the electrical load temporal resolution on the PV/Grid energy system flows, and self-consumption is done in order to determine the optimum parameters for modelling and simulation. The analysed PV/Grid power systems include a photovoltaic system with the nominal power of Pmax@STC=1.5, 2.5, 3.5 kW without storage un...

The operating temperature of the photovoltaic module is an important issue because it is directly linked with system efficiency. The objective of this work is to evaluate temperature distribution in the photovoltaic module under different environmental conditions. The results shown that photovoltaic module operating temperature depends not only on...

This work investigates the effect of the dust deposition and temperature on the photovoltaic module working under varying environmental conditions. The impact of the module temperature caused by the dust deposition, as well as direct impact caused by the dust particle absorption, scattering and reflectance on module performance, has been analysed....

This paper presents the results of an energetic and economical analysis of a hybrid power generation system (HPGS) which utilises photovoltaic modules, wind turbines, fuel cells and an electrolyzer with hydrogen tank working as the energy storage. The analysis was carried out for three different residential loads, local solar radiation and local wi...

In this paper, a mathematical model for modelling the solar radiation components and photovoltaic arrays power outputs from arbitrarily oriented photovoltaic panel has been presented. Base on the model electrical power prediction of the photovoltaic system in realistic local condition has been presented and compared with experimental measurement. T...

The growing demand for local pollution free renewable energy sources in the world considered the solar energy as a one of the important renewable energy technologies and becomes dominant to the renewable energy source being exploited. The paper presents a unique approach to study and analysis off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system in order to provide th...

A large proportion of the world's population lives in remote rural areas that are geographically isolated and sparsely populated. The present study is based on modeling, computer simulation and optimization of hybrid power generation system in the rural area in Muqdadiyah district of Diyala state, Iraq. Two renewable resources, namely, solar photov...

Building the future of energy sector of the 21st century is not just about going from dirty fuels to cleaner renewable ones. It is also a problem of sustainability of the future solutions as well as the feasibility of their implementation. The transition towards more renewable energy is creating new fascinating opportunities, but on the other hand,...

The photovoltaic cooling conditions directly influence cell temperature which plays a significant role in PV efficiency as well as on electrical energy production. This value is affected by a large number of environmental variables such as ambient temperature, solar direct and diffusive radiation, wind speed, etc. In all PV cell types cell temperat...

In recent years the use of micro jet engine has been increased and it likely to continue to increase because of the ever-increasing uses such as UAV, small missiles. The researches are continued to develop and update these engines in terms of performance, efficiency and continuity of work for long periods in different conditions. The paper presents...

Recent advances in aviation have motivated improvements in automatic flight control systems. While the autopilot is an important component in the flight control system, the demand for robust controllers that are effective and applicable in more complex systems is increasing. Thus, this paper designs and simulates a pitch controller based on the des...

Recently aviation accident data shows that many fatal accidents in aviation are due to airworthiness issues despite the fact that all civil and private aircrafts are required to comply with the airworthiness standards set by their national airworthiness authority. The paper presents a unique approach to continuous airworthiness problems optimizatio...