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Journal Short Title (2014) 1-10 © STM Journals 2013. All Rights Reserved Page 1
Journal Title
ISSN
www.stmjournals.com
IoT based diagnosing of Heart rate and Sp/02 saturation
level
Sanjay Kumar1*, Mr. Piyush Agrawal
Student and Assistant professor 2
1Elecrical & Electronics Engineering
2IILM AHL College of Engineering & Technology Gr. Noida
Abstract
Any patient can be detect our body disease by an Electronics device. Now days Electronics
devices are improving any field by their work. Everybody want to a good health in our life, but
this is not easy for everyone. People are very lazy for their health of point of view. They do not
go to for daily exercise and eat unhealthy foods. So by this reason human heart does not work
properly and occurred many problems like diabetes, high blood pressure, low blood pressure and
low Oxygen level. If people will have those type any devices which can measure the heart types
problem then that person can take the treatment before occurs the disease. We know that
cardiovascular types disease is not a small disease, this is very dangerous for any people. In this
project an electronics device which has a Oxygen Level measuring sensor and pulse measuring
sensor (Max30100) gives the correct reading and with the help of data base like BLYNK mobile
application or Think Speak all reading can be send to the particular sensor
Keywords: - Max30100 sensor, pulse sensor, Node MCU board, Arduino Nano board etc.
E-mail:sanjaykumar9419@gmail.com, mob. No 7906316258
INTRODUCTION -
Today people is becoming more lazy and lazy due to laziness many disease produces. They are such as fattiness,
low BP and high BP, plaque deposition in coronary artery so due to this heart problem generate, due to radiation
skin cancer produces, for using of tobacco mouth and lung cancer produces. There are two or three positive
conditions to utilizing IoT in human organizations, running from improving structure sort out to supporting
remote patient checking and telemedicine. After a genuine long time, IoT keeps on displaying its catalyst in
remedial organizations. Both IT and clinical masters are amped up for the utilization of IoT in remedial
organizations and the open gateways it passes on to the table. The business Centre offers various related gadgets
to examine that can screen patients' vitals progressively and give alerts or commitment on their condition. This
kind of information improves quiet results. So if people will have an electronics device then they can measure
their heart and oxygen saturation level and pulse rate. We are living in electronics age so every person want to
save our time. This research is based on Real time IoT based system because heart is the main body’s blood
supply part without heart pumping human cannot live. It works all life from birth to till the human death.
Cardiovascular type’s disease are also related with heart. The no of heart rate is same as pulse rate so the patient
can check our heart rate which is related to flow of human blood Beat per Minute (BPM) and oxygen level in
any place like in home, in hospital etc. Because blood pressure is the force of any human being blood moving
through any human being blood vessels. A normal human’s pulse rate is 60 -100 bpm and pulse rate changes
according to people activities like sleeping, exercising, playing any sports and normal condition. Age factor is
also a part of changing oxygen level and pulse rate of all people.
Literature Review
Saurabh Sagar’s (2017) research is based on heart problem in which he used an IOT and raspberry pi technique
which is very useful for cardiovascular disease. In this research he used an IOT device which works on GSM
technology if any problem in heart then it will be inform to the particular person by GSM module or through
internet because in this time Internet is available everywhere in all over world. This is that type system it
divided into two parts one is hardware and other is software
Priyanka Kakra and N.K. Ttipathi (2015) research on Real time monitoring system for cardiac patient in which
they used smart phone technique and a warble sensor which will be measure the human cardiac reading. The
sensor will measure the reading of heart rate temperature and it will be control by mobile remote, information
send through wireless system and location also traced by doctor and then ambulance send for treatment.
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Dr.Md. Khaliluar Rahman (2016) is the author introduced in our researched IoT based system which is very
helpful for Elderly people because day by day with senior citizen heart problem is a common disease. He
introduced in our research a wearable monitoring system. He used a ESP8266 Node MCU module and a
temperate measuring LM35 sensor and a heart rate measuring SEN-11574 pulse sensor.in this research I found
that the sensor response is not fast and cost of all system is so high.
Prachita M. Y. (2017) introduced a research which is based on IoT and in which she measured the heart rate and
human body temperature. It is also based on real time monitoring it means with the help of Wi-Fi module
through internet. There are two different sensors for human body temperature LM35 sensor and for heart beat
pulse sensor. An Arduino Uno board microcontroller kit used in this research. In this research the device size is
not small because Arduino Uno board size is big size the Nano board.so a Wi-Fi module ESP8266 is used for
sending data and graph of patient heart rate, it required 3.3V for output voltage, as shown above sensor and
Arduino Uno microcontroller kit
Neha Patel and Nikunj Patel (2018) introduced in our researched IoT based system which measure the heart rate
by attaching an android smart phone. In this research they added a arduino Uno board , IR sensor and an
ESP8266 Node MCU in our model designing then after connect with smart phone and with the help taking heart
rate reading on LCD display and by Wi-Fi module send the data to the particular doctor. But I found in this
research the Arduino Uno board size is not small and cost is high and it measure only human heart rate not
oxygen level
Methodology-
Fig.1 System block diagram
1. Max30100 Sensor- Max30100 is a pulse and Oxygen measuring sensor. So it is called Pulse Oximeter. In
this sensor there are two LED glow during measuring pulse and Oxygen level one is Red LED and other is IR
LED. The wavelengths of both LED’S are around 640ns of Red LED and 940ns of IR LED. The main work of
this sensor detect the pulse rate. We know that human body’s blood color is Red so when we put our finger,
wrist and other body part on Red LED then it detect the pulse rate and Oxygen saturation level.
2. Arduino Nano board- Arduino Nano board is the latest Microcontroller kit which is similar Arduino Uno
board but main difference is its size. There are 30 pins are available in this board 14 pins are digital. 8 pins are
analog and 6 pins are power pins.
3.Node MCU board- For the transmission of signals and wave from arduino to mobile or database in
this times IoT based technology is popular for transferring data one place to another place because it
is an open platform. ESP8266 is an ESP -12E module and it is a chip, there are 30 pins available and
it operate at 80 to 160 MHz adjustable frequency and it has 128 KB Ram and 4MB of Flash memory.
The most thing is that supply power, its need 3.3V which is Minimum voltage for operating this. On
top side there are two button is available for Reset or upgrading. One micro USB Controller is
available for giving supply power. We can operate it by mobile charger or by laptop. On that time a
medium is required to sending the data. In this type board has 30 pins. It is an open source platform
using for all users. It is a Wi-Fi module it means it sends data one place to other place through data
base
4. Pulse Sensor- pulse sensor measure the pulse rate. In this sensor there are three pins are available
one is ground, second is Vcc and last one is signal pin. Its operating voltage is +5V or +3.3V. One
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side the LED placed along with ambient light sensor and other side is circuitry. When LED emits light
which will fall on the vein directly. Because blood flow in vein so when LED light emits then it detect
the pulse rate.
5. ThinkSpeak data base and BLYNK Mobile application- ThinkSpeak is a free data base which is
all link available on Google. Everyone can use this data base for sending our details. With the help of
this data base patient can send our heart reading through Wi-Fi module. Blynk mobile application is
also a free medium for sending our reading to the doctor. We know that this time every person use
Android mobile. So this mobile application is available on Google Play store
Objective-
The objective of this research paper is to analyse the patient Oxygen level and heart rate or pulse rate (bpm) by
using an electronics device, which is very accurate, less time taking, small in size and most important thing is
less cost. Now days electronics devices are using most of people, every doctor used an electronics devices
because computer desktop, laptop are big in size so doctor cannot see your reading every time like travelling and
other places where he has no these electronics devices. But now days in mobile has many free of cost
application is available for handling health problems. In this project a node MCU is used for sending patient
heart reading like heart beat graph and heart reading. Other words we can say the doctor cannot handle all
heart’s patient without electronics devices. So main object is which type programming, which types sensors and
which type microcontroller can give an accurate reading, so when reading will be accurate then patient get a
good treatment on time.
Software work-
Arduino code for Blynk APP
Blynk app is a free app platform in which all type of pre default option is available, they are such as
(digital pins control, live charts, LCD display option, indicator is available here.
There is no extra coding required in this for linking between software to hardware, only one thing is
required during burning the code, attachment of Blynk library should be required otherwise
controlling with mobile it will become impossible
Code for ThinkSpeak data base-
Basically for data transfer from node MCU to Thingspeak database, first add the library file for
ESP8266 node MCU in the Arduino software. In the Arduino software node MCU board option is not
available so for that first add the node MCU board by putting the JSON file in the Arduino setting
preference option and replace with json link.
Then after go to the board manager option and on their select ESP8266 community. After successful
complete of the ESP8266 board, a lot of board will be visible on there. In our project I used node
MCU so for our need I chose the node MCU board.
For the Thingspeak database first create an account on the website http:thingspeak.com, after creation
id, create a new project and then select field 1.
In the Thingspeak website live plot of any sensor we can observe, live data can be seen here. For the
execution of data and signal in the database, here it produces channel id and API keys. Two types of
API keys is generated here, 1- Public API key 2- Private API key
Public API key- this api is selected when data and signal accessed through globally and if anyone
want to access ,then select public API key.
Private API key- this API is selected when data and signal accessed through personally and for private
use. Basically in this mode data and signal is secured and no one can access this data..
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Result-
Fig.2 Reading of sensor with or without finger put on sensor
Fig.3 Blynk mobile app graph for heart rate
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Fig. 4 Arduino Serial plotter wave
Conclusion-
This research main aim is design an accurate electronics device which will be given correct reading,
because in heart case the number of beat per minute when doctor see in monitor then start the
treatment. Many cases nurses care the patient when pules vary then nurses cannot informed all doctor
on correct time so then time patient could not get a proper treatment. In this case many patients have
died by the reason of not getting a treatment on time. So this types electronics devices will be
informed all doctor through Wi-Fi or by message then the doctor can give the treatment on time. In
this case there is no need of calling doctor for giving treatment again and again
References-
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