Osman Gürdal

R&D

Coordinate systems are important geometric structures which frequently referenced by researches and studies not only in mathematics but in other branches of sciences. Problems met in all branches of sciences mainly in natural sciences and engineering are solved by a coordinate system. If a problem is difficult to be solved by a known coordinate sys...

English version is under preparation.

- O. Gürdal, Visual Electromagnetism, BOU PUBLICATIONS, Bursa, 2015 http://bou.edu.tr/file/osman_gurdal/VEMBOOK.pdf - Chapter 1 Ansoft Maxwell SV Projects (316 MB, WEMBOOK 1.RAR) http://bou.edu.tr/file/osman_gurdal/VEMBOOK%201.rar - Chapter 2 Ansoft Maxwell SV Projects (174 MB, WEMBOOK 2.RAR) http://bou.edu.tr/file/osman_gurdal/VEMBOOK%202.rar - Ch...

The use of the SRSC in OCSs which are indispensable pedagogical -scientific and engineering- value to explore, formulate and illustrate the equipotential surfaces and vector flows in wide area of physics as mainly in electricity and magnetism contributes towards facilitating drawing by revealing the hidden properties when LSC is used and provides a...

TANJANT KROSU VE LIÈNARD-WIECHERT POTANSİYELLERİNİN GEOMETRİK TEMSİLİ ARASINDA YENİ İLİŞKİLER Elektrodinamik ve elektromanyetizma başta olmak üzere, OCS’leri alanlar ve potansiyeller gibi değişkenlerin birbirleri ile nasıl etkileşimde olduğunun ve atfedildikleri fiziksel olgunun kolaylıkla anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır. Örneğin CyCS ve RHCS çiftinin...

In this study, a new 46-pole brushless DC motor with three-levelled stator and rotor structure for electric vehicles which are considered to be a permanent part of our daily lives in the future has been designed and manufactured. The system consisting of three levelled brushless DC motors with 46 poles has been configured to be used in new generati...

The wave quantities like phase wavelengths, phase constants, phase velocities and phase frequencies (angular phase frequencies and phase periods) in waveguides -directing the propagation of energy in the form of electromagnetic wave along a predetermined path in a zigzag fashion (with oblique bouncing)- are defined by equations and representative f...

Kısaca enerji titreşimi olarak tanımlanan dalga uzay-zaman çerçevesinde, aradaki ortamda yayılarak, bir konumdan diğer konuma enerji titreşimidir. Enerjinin dalga titreşimi ile iletiminde bir konumdan diğer konuma yayıldığı aradaki ortam, su dalgalarının yayıldığı su, ses dalgalarının yayıldığı hava ve ışık dalgalarının yayıldığı boşluk/vakum olabi...

Today, many applications requiring mass manufacturing are shifting to robotic applications through automation systems. The actuators used in these robotic systems should be designed according to needs. In this study, an air core spherical motor which has rotor and stator winding arrangement is described. The spherical motor’s windings are optimally...

Comparison of electrostatics between 2d hyperbolic (a knife edge with hyperbolic profile) and 3d hyperboloidal (a conical probe with hyperboloidal shape whose boundary is the surface of revolution of a hyperbola) conductors together are available analytically by the traditional methods using Del²V=0 Laplace’s equation generally, then E=-DelV the gr...

Alan uzay ve zamanda gözlenebilir bir niceliğin veya büyüklüğün süreklilik gösteren dağılımı olarak tanımlanabilir. Ölçülebilir olması gereken bu gözlenebilir nicelik bir sıvının rengi, atmosferdeki toz yoğunluğu, sıcaklık dağılımı, güneşin ışık ve ısı dağılımı, atmosfer basıncı, rüzgar dağılımı, yerçekimi, akarsudaki akış örüntüsü, dünyayı çevrele...

Surface charge density gradients due to steady conduction current generate the gradients of electric fields and potential distributions necessary to move the charges inside the conductor. Density of surface charges depends on the configuration of the conductor carrying steady current. Explaining and visualizing the electric fields and potentials in...

Recently developed TTC (The Tangent Cross) consisting of a combination of the tangent lines of four differential equations as y' , -1/y', -y' and 1/y' (eg. belong to the couple of orthogonal CyCS and orthogonal RHCS) has been used to geometrically represent and solve nearly all clock angle problems: aligned & overlapped, right angled and reflected...

In this study, analytical calculations of a tubular linear generator model are performed by using Matlab Gui for free-piston applications. A training tool including the processes of design of linear generator, sizing with the analytical equations and analyzing with the finite elements methods was suggested. Geometric dimensions in Matlab Gui interf...

Surface charge density gradients due to steady conduction current generate the gradients of electric fields and potential distributions necessary to move the charges inside the conductor. Density of surface charges depends on the configuration of the conductor carrying steady current. Explaining and visualizing the electric fields and potentials in...

Linear generators are electric machines which generate electrical energy from linear movement. Since these machines can lift gear wheel or power train, they have begun to be used widely nowadays. Since their working areas differ according to speed and power characteristic, this study contains design and optimization of tubular linear generator for...

The number of fundamental circuit elements in addition to 3 older LCR elements was clarified as six (3+3), the three of which are ML meminductor, MC memcapacitor and MR memresistor earlier [1]. The phase shapes and angles of shifted sinusoidal current wave shapes of RLC circuit elements are well constructed and documented in the literature. In this...

Abstract—In this study, an air core spherical motor comprising a two pole permanent magnet rotor with 8 mm diameter and a multipole stator is designed by considering the ease of manufacturing priorities. Stator winding dimensions are calculated in a way to give maximum torque to the rotor analytically. Magnetic field distribution and torque values...

After the recent discovery of the memristive circuit elements (memristor, meminductor, memcapacitor), the new circuit theory suggests that, there are only four fundamental circuit elements available viz. resistor (R), inductor (L), capacitor (C), and memristor (M). These elements are defined in terms of four fundamental circuit variables such as cu...

In this paper, general information on the construction of tubular generators are given. Also, the numeric analyses were conducted by using 2D and 3D finite elements software. The output power, iron loss and cogging force change were compared by sensing the primary and secondary structural geometry of generator. Instead of the annular magnets, the m...

In this study; basically the design of a 1KVA tubular linear alternator has been carried out for a free mechanical piston and internal combustion engine. In the conducted design, the conformity of the optimization data has been examined with finite elements method and the geometrical dimensionings of the designed alternator have been determined wit...

The method of image charges (TMIC) which can be applied to the grounded conducting planar surface (TGCPS)s having certain angles in addition to the grounded conducting spherical surface (TGCSS)s is one of the basic problem solutions in electrostatics. Since the calculation of induced charge and charge density on TGCSSs is focused in the present stu...

The Tangent Cross (TTC) consisting of a combination of the tangent lines of four differential equations as y', -1/y', -y', and 1/y' which belong to the couple of CyCS and RHCS has been used in geometrical representation of the reflection and the refraction of electromagnetic waves and light rays on the boundary of two dielectrics with various refra...

SRSC üzerinde CyCS ve RHCS çiftinin eğri ailelerine ait diferansiyel denklemlerin y’, -1/y’, -y’ ve 1/y’ gibi dört kombinasyonuna ait tanjant çizgilerinden oluşan Tanjant Krosu (TTC) ışık ışınları ve elektromanyetik dalgaların çeşitli kırınım indisli iki dielektrik sınırındaki yansıması ve kırınımının geometrik temsilinde kullanılmıştır. Bir P(x,y)...

Bu yüzyılın yarısında geleneksel makinaların bütün tiplerini içine alan üç veya dört klasik makina vardı. 1950’lerden önce DC ve AC indüksiyon makinalarının tasarımından bahseden yeni kitaplar yoktu. Bu tarihlerden sonra yazılan tasarım kitapları şimdiye kadar alanındaki ihtiyacı karşılamıştır. Makina tasarımı ile ilgili yeni kitaplara olan ihtiyaç...

Comment on “The conical resistor conundrum: A potential solution” [Am. J. Phys. 64(9), 1150–1153 (1996)]

In this study, a new axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSA) design and prototyping procedures are presented. It is composed of a stack of rotor–stator blocks on the same shaft. In other words, it is made up of four alternators based on axial flux permanent magnets that can generate electrical energy within the limits of rotor rota...

Mikroişlemcinin keşfiyle günlük yaşantımıza oldukça akıllı aygıtlar girmiştir. İçinde mikroişlemcilerin bulunduğu çok sayıda bilgisayarlı aygıtlar çamaşır yıkamakta, kahve yapmakta, müzik çalmakta, evleri korumakta ve oda sıcaklığını kontrol etmektedir. Bu mikroişlemciler nedir? Mikroişlemciler elektrik sinyalleri ile temsil edilen ikili kodları ma...

İnsansız araç teknolojileri gün geçtikçe önem kazanmaktadır. Özellikle savunma sistemleri alanında sıklıkla kullanılan insansız hava araçları günümüzde ileri teknolojiler alanında üzerinde çok çalışılan konulardan biri haline gelmiştir. Günümüzde uçak gemilerinde ve birçok mobil fırlatma platformunda elektromanyetik fırlatıcı sistemler denenmektedi...

The talent figure for a permanent magnet is the multiplication of the maximum energy (BHmax). Less volume magnet is required for the production of magnet flux density if the BHmax value is higher. Mathematical functions are obtained from the data related to resiudal flux density, magnetic coercitivy, permanent magnet flux product capability, Curie...

This paper describes the basic design and corroboration using developed algorithm to get optimum geometric dimensions iteratively, of a single sided linear induction machine for an electromagnetic aircraft launcher. The purpose of the design is to reduce the cost of launching operation and constitute a mobile launcher system. For this aim, the desi...

In this study, single side linear induction motor has been designed to use in an electromagnetic launcher system that would be alternative of mechanical launcher system for unmanned aerial vehicle. Design specifications are 8 poles, 3 phases, 380 V, 6 m/s rotor velocity, 5.84 kg payload and 409.55N thrust. It is expected that proposed design presen...

Regulating characteristic of synchronous electrical machine requires to specify the dependence of excitation current on the load current. The optimisation of technical and economic indices of synchronous electrical machines, operating alone or in parallel, is an important problem in the exploitation of synchronous machines. Due to these reasons, th...

In this study the remote control of an asynchronous motor (ASM) was performed by fuzzy logic. The study is substantially in the form of Profibus-DP network structure, ASM and fuzzy logic control (FLC). The aim of the study is to reduce the network-induced delay by the help of fuzzy logic algorithm and high speed data transfer feature of the Profibu...

Teaching microprocessor programming in computing science is one of the challenging tasks of the instructors. This is mainly because of totally new and different subject that needs to be thought to the students. One other subject that produces even more difficulties is making the students to comprehend the I/O operations. There are several hardware...

This paper presents the formulation of developed second order sensitivity analysis when applied to shape optimization in design of electrical machine problems. It used the second order sensitivity analysis based on numerical approach that is variable have mixed solution limits to the shape optimization problems which using with standard electromagn...

The designs of salient pole generators may differ considerably from one hydroelectric plant to another and it is complex and need to experiment to design of hydro-generator Automatic optimization procedure is highly desirable, because the designer may have little experience with a similar machine. The presented study; design space have been constit...

The analytical standard solution (the stack of slabs added in series) of the resistance of the conical resistor -made of material of uniform conductivity given in many introductory physics texts as a nontrivial problem in the computation of resistance- is well known as incorrect. A survey of the relevant literature shows that the issues of boundary...

The square root scaled chart (SRSC) to show the behaviour of variations changing slowly, has been in use for almost half a century for statistical data processing purposes, in which an axis only is scaled in terms of square root of any variable under consideration. In this study, as a first in the literature, some orthogonal coordinate systems (OCS...

Güç elektroniği, elektrik ve elektronik alanında disiplinler arası bir dal olup çalışma alanına, çeşitli elektriksel yüklerin gereksinim duydukları güç, gerilim, akım ve frekans çalışma değerlerini elde etmek üzere elektrik enerjisinin kendi içindeki dönüşümlerini, yarı iletken teknolojisine dayalı çevirgeçler yardımıyla gerçekleştirme konularını i...

J  , where J  - current density, V - electric potential. The application of this method which is widely in use is easy for some geometries like CaCS (Cartesian coordinate system) and CyCS (Cylindrical coordinate system) but requires special attention when other geometries like the SpCS (Spherical coordinate system), OSCS (Oblate spheroidal coordi...

The mathematical model of the network-induced delay control systems (NDCS) is given. Also the role of the NDCS's components such as controller, sensor and network environment on the network-induced delay are included in the mathematical model of the system. The network delay is investigated on Profibus-DP based network application and experimental...

Purpose: A dopant concentration higher than the optimum may reduce the number of mobile oxygen ions because of defect association causing conductivity degredation. In this study, the effect of TiO2 addition on the microstructure and electrical conductivity of cubic zirconia was investigated.Design/methodology/approach: The cubic zirconia powders wi...

Cubic zirconia is a well known material that has good oxygen ionic conductivity and chemical stability over wide ranges of temperature and oxygen partial pressure and thus it has been developed for use in a variety of electrical applications such as oxygen sensors, oxygen pumps, thermal barriers and solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes. In the presen...

In this study, both rotor and stator of traditional Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) have been helically structured (HS). Here, the rotor itself is the actuator of a direct drive application. Electrical and magnetic quantities like inductance, efficiency, forces acting on the rotor, ovalising forces acting on the stator and generated torques of the...

In this study, luminous intensity values of real armatures are measured by computer controlled goniophotometer which is designed are mathematically modeled by using computer programme and the mathematical functions obtained are transfered into 3 dimensional luminous intensity distribution and visualised. Therefore, the models of real armatures and...

The influence of TiO2 addition on the phase stability and electrical conductivity of cubic zirconia was studied. XRD results showed that when the TiO2 amount was less than 5 wt %, the specimens were entirely in single cubic phase; further addition of TiO2 destabilized cubic zirconia phase and caused the formation of tetragonal phase. The amount of...

Geleneksel e-bombaların gelişimi bunların nükleer olmayan çatışmalarda kullanılmasına izin vermektedir. Bu makalede e-bombaların bomba bırakma tekniklerine değinilmekte ve böyle aygıtların savaş başlığı ve bomba uygulamalarında kullanımına ait kuramsal temeli açıklanmaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: Elektromanyetik bomba, hedefleme, HPM, bilgi savaşı, e...

Ticari standartlara göre tasarımlanmış elektrik, elektronik ve bilgisayar donanımları savaş ve barış süresinde geniş aralıktaki elektromanyetik saldırı tekniklerinden kolay etkilenebilmektedir. Bu tanıtıcı makale elektromanyetik bomba ve silahların çeşitli tipleri tarafından üretilen tipik hasar etkilerini ve böyle aygıtların duyarlılıklarını incel...

In this study, a spherical actuator which has spherical permanent magnet rotor made of NdFeB slices and stator comprising mild steel and simple winding arrangement is described. The spherical rotor is housed within the spherical stator on a low friction constant teflon surface coating. Accommodated on the stator are three orthogonal windings (8 coi...

Yüksek güçlü ElektroManyetik Pals (EMP) üretim teknikleri ve yüksek güçlü mikrodalga teknolojisi elektromanyetik bombaların (e-bomba) stratejik ve taktik bilgi savaşlarında yeni uygulamaları ile pratik kullanımını teknik açıdan mümkün hale getirmiştir. Yüksek güçlü mikrodalga (High Power Microwave: HPM) kaynakları çeşitli savaş, sabotaj ve terörist...

ZET Manyetik süspansiyon ve levitasyonun halihazirdaki popülaritesi süphesizki yüksek hizli yer tasimaciligi tasarimlarinin olabilirliginden kaynaklanmaktadir. Manyetik süspansiyon ve levitasyonun üstünlügü ve heyecan verici olmasina ragmen, sürtünmesiz yataklarda süspansiyon tekniklerinin uygulanmasinda büyük sinirlamalar vardir. Bunlar, toleransi...

A new method of measuring the position of the secondary in a linear reluctance motor (LRM) is described, based on sampled measurements of the primary phase currents and the airgap flux density at the primary surface. Corrections must be applied for primary slot openings, primary end effects, and currents induced in a conducting barrier between the...

The position of the secondary in a linear reluctance motor can be sensed by monitoring the airgap flux density at regularly spaced points along the primary surface and comparing it with the current density derived from the phase currents. A correction must be applied for the effect of slot openings, derived from a finite-element analysis of the air...

The analytical standard solution (the stack of slabs added in series) of the resistance of the conical resistor -made of material of uniform conductivity given in many introductory physics texts as a nontrivial problem in the computation of resistance- is well known as incorrect. A survey of the relevant literature shows that the issues of boundary...

Robot is a multipurpose manipulator that can be programmed in order to carry special tools and components, parts, etc., with its programmed movements. Robots have many application areas listed as industrial production, educational, medicine, nuclear research and chemical industry. Robots substitute humans rapidly due to their advantages in industry...

The speed detectors attached mechanically to the induction motors like tacho-generators have been improvements considerably but this type of product must be installed on the driving shaft of the machine. Therefore it is desirable to detect the rotor speed without tacho-generators. This study proposes a sensorless speed measurement based on speed-re...

Developments in electronic and computer technology area have increased the importance of computer aided control. The control systems in frequent use are microprocessor control, microcontroller control and the computer aided control. Computer aided control can be implemented by serial port, parallel port or control cards prepared by special purposes...

Magnetic suspension system of iron sphere shows a visual demonstration of principles in educational programs, e.g., electromagnetic design, compensation of a unstable control system and power amplifier design. This study is a sample application of magnetic suspension system used in a wide area as speed trains, wind tunnels, conveyor systems and mag...