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Parikh's Colour Atlas of Medico-legal postmortems and forensic pathology:Guidelines for crime Investigation, 3rd edition by CBS Publishers, New Delhi, India

November 2018

November 2018

Publisher: CBS Publishers and Distriutors , New Delhi
ISBN: 978-93-87964-04-4

Authors:

All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029,India

This is a comprehensive colour atlas on forensic medicine and toxicology having classical colour photographs well supplemented by essential relevant text. A master piece of subject , which is an outcome of hard work of many generations for forensic experts.This atlas has 15 sections and 81 chapters spreaded in 544 pages.

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Thesis

Full-text available

Forensic Biomechanics

August 2019

Background: Estimation of time elapsed after death remains one of the most important requirements in medico legal autopsies. Time since death (TSD) provides a clue to the investigating officer to institute suitable inquiries to apprehend the person likely to be responsible for crime and to eliminate the innocent ones. Aim: Aim of the current study was to analyze and ascertain the relationship ... [Show full abstract] between vitreous K+ concentration and TSD among poisoning and burn cases. We also aimed to derive a formula for determining TSD from changes in levels of vitreous K+ concentration. Methods: The present cross sectional study was carried out among the autopsy cases brought to the mortuary of Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology of a medical school for the post mortem examination. All the autopsy cases were entailed the collection of vitreous humour for determination of vitreous potassium. Data of all those autopsy cases was analyzed in which cause of death was either poisoning or burns. Potassium levels were quantified in the collected sample by the ion-selective electrode method. Regression and correlation analysis were performed. Results: Data of 72 study subjects belonging to poisoning and burn cases were analyzed. The mean vitreous K+ levels were 8.95 ± 3.10 mEq/l and 8.95 ± 2.90 mEq/l in the right and left eyes respectively. Vitreous K+ levels rise steadily with the increased time since death (TSD) in both the eyes. Mean K+ values were 7.20 mEq/l, 9.88 mEq/l, 15.76 mEq/l within 12 hrs, from 12 to 24 hrs and more than 24 hrs TSD respectively in right eye whereas mean K+ values were 7.12 mEq/l, 9.86 mEq/l, 15.90 mEq/l within 12 hrs, 12 to 24 hrs and more than 24 hrs TSD respectively in left eye. Linear regression equations from K+ concentration (y) verses time (x) for the two groups among poisoning and burn cases- for right eye Regression line (y)=-4.932 x +1.932, for left eye- Regression line (y)=-5.380 x + 1.990. The K+ levels are found to increase up to 40 hours after death. Conclusion: The study highlighted the usefulness of relationship between vitreous K+ concentration and time since death in both the eyes. Regression formulas derived from this study can be utilized to calculate TSD from vitreous K+ concentration especially among poisoning and burns cases with a fair degree of accuracy.

Conference Paper

Afreen Tarannum, Dr. Ranjeet Singh, Mr. Mahesh Sharma (2016). Conference Paper Abstract: Innovative...

November 2016

“Your Action Determines Your Result” When we talk about any crime scene there is always arousal of questions like when, what, how the incident took place in the mind of forensic experts. Therefore management of a crime scene is considered to be one of the most important and difficult task for first responder. As it’s a well-known fact that the actions taken by the police personnel’s at a crime ... [Show full abstract] scene affects the availability and efficacy of forensic techniques applied later in the investigation. Here in this paper, a recommendation is given for the development of a software based application for management of the crime scene. This application contains the guidelines and a standard protocol which has to be followed by first responder for managing different types of crime scene. This application would eliminate the possible difficulties faced by the first responder while managing the scene of crime. This approach will surely proves to be beneficial for every police official and forensic expert in managing the scene of crime and giving a qualified opinion on the basis of the evidence recovered respectively.

Article

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Trajectory of Blood Drops in an Experimental Model with the Use of a Firearm

January 2017 · Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology

Background: Blood marks analysis is a common technique used in forensics. However, current methods used have their limitations and deviations. The most commonly used trigonometric model is based on the linear movement of a blood drop, which disregards air resistance and gravitational force which affects all mass points in an area of space. Objective: The aim of this paper is to map the flight ... [Show full abstract] trajectory of blood drops in an experimental environment with the use of a firearm and to evaluate the option of replacing the real world flight trajectory by a more accurately definable parabolic approximation. Method: An experimental model was created which simulates the real world dispersion of blood in the case of firearm use. Blood samples with a volume of 100 ml were placed into a plastic bag and were shot at. For the purpose of the experiment was prepared wooden chamber (dimensions: 2 × 2 × 2 m). Plastic bags containing blood samples were hanged in the chamber and positioned into the chamber’s center. Blood samples were shot at from a distance of two meters by a Taurus.357 magnum handgun. Magnum.357 FMJ ammunition was used. Each shot was recorded by a high speed camera under a 90° angle placed on the sample’s level in a 2 m distance from the chamber. Results: Based on the physical and experimental models it was determined that the real flight trajectory of blood drops may be defined by a parabolic approximation while maintaining validity for 90% blood drops. The parabolic approximation does not significantly differ from the ballistic curve and real flight trajectories in cases of lower flight velocities and blood drop sizes of less than 0,5 mm, meaning blood drops located in a distance of less than 0,5 m from the point of origin. From the progression of the curves capturing the flight of blood drops it was ascertained that for the purpose of using trigonometric models, it is best to use bloodstains located less than 1m from the convergence point, the reason being the fact that the deviation caused by the use of the parabolic approximation is minimal and doesn’t cross 3 mm. The use of the parabolic approximation with distances of over 2 m leads to deviations of more than 3 mm when compared to reality. Conclusions: The outcome of these comparisons shows that the real world flight trajectory differs very little from the ballistic curve and parabolic approximation under the given experimental conditions. In crime reconstructions the angle of incidence (angle of impact) of a blood drop impacting a horizontal surface plays an important role. In this area the outcomes of the ballistic curve and the parabolic approximation are nearly identical, especially for blood drops with low initial speeds, which constituted the majority under the specific experimental conditions. © 2017, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology. All rights reserved.

Article

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A Psychological Profile of a Serial Killer: A Case Report

December 2012 · OMEGA--Journal of Death and Dying

Serial killers have always fascinated society. A serial killer is typically defined as a perpetrator who murders three or more people over a period of time. Most reported cases of serial killers come from the United States and Canada. In India, there are few reported cases. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first Indian case in the literature. The present case is of a 28-year-old man, ... [Show full abstract] Surinder Koli. The Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delphi handled the forensic study. We present a most unique psychological investigation into the mind of a serial killer.