Nobuhiro Kito

Hiroshima International University · Department of Integrated Rehabilitation

Objective Scapular dyskinesis is one of the causes of shoulder disorders and involves muscle weakness in the serratus anterior. This study investigated whether motor unit (MU) recruitment and firing property, which are important for muscle exertion, have altered in serratus anterior of the individuals with scapular dyskinesis. Methods Asymptomatic...

Background/Purpose We aimed to investigate whether there is an interaction between life-space assessment (LSA) and movement control during one-leg standing on bone strength on the non-fractured side in patients with hip fracture. Methods Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for osteoporosis parameter to examine the interaction and main...

Our results revealed that the decrease in isometric knee extension muscle strength on the operated and nonoperated sides in patients with hip fractures was associated with not only a decrease in skeletal muscle mass but also a decrease in muscle quality, characterized by a decreased PhA.PurposeThis study aimed to assess the relationship between iso...

Context: Excessive hip adduction and internal rotation are abnormal movements that may lead to the onset and progression of patellofemoral pain. Previous studies have reported that lower dynamic frontal plane hip joint stiffness in the gait of women is associated with the magnitude of hip adduction and internal rotation angles. However, the factor...

Scapular dyskinesis results from weakness of the lower trapezius and serratus anterior, but no studies have investigated the motor unit (MU) behavior required for muscle exertion. This study aimed to classify scapular dyskinesis into raising (SDR) and lowering (SDL) phases and investigated the MU behaviors of the lower trapezius and serratus anteri...

This study aimed to examine the interaction effect between the presence of heart failure and the degree of frailty on skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, and 5 times sit-to-stand (5STS). This study revealed a significant interaction effect between the presence of heart failure and the degree of frailty on SMI, handgrip strength, an...

Background Lumbopelvic region rotation relative flexibility (LRRF), which is defined as lumbopelvic region that is relatively less stiffness than the hip region, is associated with low back pain (LBP) symptoms. However, how LRRF is influenced by lumbopelvic region motion during walking is unclear. Research Question What is the influence of LBP and...

Background Upper limb elevation begins with core stabilization, but the effects of core stability on shoulder and spine kinematics are unknown. Sex differences also exist in shoulder kinematics and core stability. Objective To clarify the effects of core stability on shoulder and spine kinematics during upper limb elevation by taking sex into acco...

Introduction: Both hip fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) decline on the non-fractured side are more likely to occur within 1 year. However, there are no longitudinal study reports on the factors associated with BMD maintenance or improvement within the first year after hip fracture. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the...

In patients with heart failure, it is unknown whether the extracellular water (ECW)/intracellular water (ICW) ratio is associated with muscle strength, and thus, it is not well understood whether poor muscle quality contributes to muscular weakness. This study examined the relationship among hand grip strength, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and...

Objectives: This study examined the effects of the interaction between exercise and sleep on frailty severity in community-dwelling older adults. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were collected in July 2019. In total, 2021 adults participated who responded to a questionnaire. Among them, 672 participants (317 men and 35...

Context: Core stability is important for preventing injury and improving performance. Although various tests for evaluating core stability have been reported to date, information on their relationship and the effect of gender differences is limited. This study aimed to (1) identify correlations among the 3 core stability tests and to examine the v...

Objectives Physical activity to maintain bone mass and strength is important for hip fracture prevention. We aim to investigate the relationship between physical performance/activity status and bone mineral density (BMD)/hip structural analysis (HSA) parameters among postmenopausal women in Japan. Methods Sixty-two postmenopausal women diagnosed w...

Objectives The relationship between weight-related load and bone mineral density (BMD)/bone microstructure under normal load conditions using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) remains unconfirmed. The study aims to investigate the differences in effect of body mass index (BMI) on BMD/bone microstructure of loaded...

The foot contributes to propulsion and postural stability function by changing its morphology during walking through the truss/windlass mechanisms. We quantified the truss mechanism regarding foot stiffness and the windlass mechanism regarding the movement coordination between the foot arch and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. We aimed to clarify t...

IntroductionPrior studies have focused only on the temporal component of one-leg standing, no reports have examined the relationship between the qualitative components of one-leg standing and femoral BMD. Thus, this study investigated whether quality (i.e., movement control) of one-leg standing also associated femoral BMD.Materials and methodsA tot...

Context: Previous studies have reported that the incidence of patellofemoral pain in women is 2.2 times higher than that in men. Lower hip frontal dynamic joint stiffness in women may be related to the magnitude of hip adduction and internal rotation associated with patellofemoral pain. Objective: To identify sex differences in hip frontal dynam...

Study design: Experimental animal study. Objectives: Spastic hypertonia is originally believed to cause contractures from clinical observations. Botulinum toxin is effective for the treatment of spasticity and is widely used in patients who have joints with contractures. Using an established rat model with knee contractures after spinal cord inj...

Objective: Sit-to-stand motion (STS) is a dynamic motion utilized in fundamental activities of daily living and requires extensive joint movement in the lower extremities and the trunk and coordination of multiple body segments. The present study aimed to investigate whether aging affects the motor coordination of joint movements required to stabi...

[Purpose] The strategy of trunk lean gait to reduce external knee adduction moment (KAM) may affect multi-segmental synergy control of center of mass (COM) displacement. Uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis is an evaluation index to understand motor variability. The purpose of this study was to investigate how motor variability is affected by using...

The biomechanical mechanism of lateral trunk lean gait employed to reduce external knee adduction moment (KAM) for knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients is not well known. This mechanism may relate to the center of mass (COM) motion. Moreover, lateral trunk lean gait may affect motor control of the COM displacement. Uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analysis...

Joint mobility decreases in the elderly and in diabetics, this process is thought to be caused by accumulation of advanced-glycation end products (AGEs). Here, we aimed to elucidate the role of AGEs in joint contracture formation in rat knees. Rats were injected with ribose or saline into the knees twice weekly for eight weeks. Pentosidine (AGE) le...

Lateral wedge insoles (LWIs) are prescribed for patients with medial knee osteoarthritis to reduce the external knee adduction moment (KAM). However, the biomechanical effects of LWIs are limited in some patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the biomechanical effects of LWIs depend on individual foot alignment and to examin...

Background The aim of this study is to clarify the following two points: First, whether a cyclooxygenase-2 mediated pathway is involved in the formation of immobilization-induced joint contracture and, second, the effectiveness of oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib (CBX) for the prevention of myogenic and arthroge...

Lateral wedge insoles (LWIs) reduce the peak external knee adduction moment (KAM). However, the efficacy of LWIs is limited in certain individuals for whom they fail to decrease KAM. Possible explanations for a lack of desired LWI response are variations in foot alignments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the immediate biomechanic...

[Purpose] Lateral wedge insoles reduce the peak external knee adduction moment and are advocated for patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, some patients demonstrate adverse biomechanical effects with treatment. In this study, we examined the immediate effects of lateral and medial wedge insoles under unilateral weight bearing. [Subjects and M...

Objective: Muscle activities during the sit-to-stand motion (STS) are characterized by coordinated movements between hip extensors and knee extensors. However, previous reports regarding the STS and lower extremity muscle activities have focused on some quantitative assessment, but little qualitative research. This study aimed to examine the muscl...

The detailed data of the rate of each frequency band for rectus femoris of the knee OA group and the control group. (PDF)

The detailed data of mean power frequency changes of each muscle of the knee OA group and the control group. (PDF)

The detailed data of characteristics of the knee OA group and the control group. (PDF)

The detailed data of extensor force of the knee OA group and the control group. (PDF)

The detailed data of RMS%MVC changes of each muscle of the knee OA group and the control group. (PDF)

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of exercise therapy on the health-related QOL of people with knee osteoarthritis. [Subjects] Four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched for rando...

Background Concomitant with joint contracture, the inflammatory reactions have been shown in immobilized joint. Several investigators reported the effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on joint contracture formation followed by immobilization, however, the exact effect remains uncertain. Objectives We aimed to investigate a favorable effect of selectiv...

Background There is convincing evidence for the overall effectiveness of exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) [1]. However, according to the EULAR recommendations [2], most trials found in the literature review used pain or physical function as the primary outcome and surprisingly few included quality of life outcome measures. Measureme...

To examine the effect of exercise therapy on the walking ability of individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) were identified by searching through PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. All literature publish...

Objective : We performed a systematic review to investigate improvements in body function and structure, activity, and health-related quality of life from exercise programs of >150 days' duration in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods : We collected data on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of exercise interventi...

The sit-to-stand motion (STS) is a frequently executed activity that is affected by weakness in the quadriceps femoris muscle and knee joint pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). We investigated whether patients with knee OA can efficiently perform STS through mechanical energy transfer assessments. Participants were 20 women with knee OA...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between lateral thrust and rotation of the knee during walking by people with knee osteoarthritis. [Subjects] Thirteen knee osteoarthritis patients and eight control subjects participated in this study. [Methods] Kinematic data during the stance phase were collected using a high sp...

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the influence of land-based exercise frequency and duration on pain relief for people with knee osteoarthritis (OA). [Subjects and Methods] The systematic review included randomized controlled trials that investigated this influence, which were identified by searches of PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect on the knee joint of the interaction between ankle muscle weakness and moderate exercise. Gastrocnemius muscle weakness was induced by intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin type A (BTX) in rats. Low-speed treadmill running (12 m/min for 60 min) was applied for 6 weeks in rats with and without B...

To investigate improvement in various impairments by exercise interventions in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). We collected data on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of exercise intervention with those of either nonintervention or psychoeducational intervention in patients with knee OA. Data on pain, stiffness, muscl...

Denervation alters the metabolism of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in skeletal muscle; however, the underlying mechanisms of ECM remodeling are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate the dynamic features of the ECM regulatory process in the early phase of denervated skeletal muscle in male Wistar rats. We investigated the exp...

Joint contractures are a common complication of many neurologic conditions, and stretching often is advocated to prevent and treat these contractures. However, the magnitude and duration of the stretching done in practice usually are guided by subjective clinical impressions. Using an established T8 spinal cord injury rat model of knee contracture,...

Objective We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to investigate the differences in the efficacies between strengthening and aerobic exercises for pain relief in people with knee osteoarthritis. Data sources This search was applied to Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Physiother...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to confirm the positive effect of exercise intervention on risk factors of falls for Japanese subjects with osteoporosis (OP). [Subjects and Methods] A systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials were performed to investigate the effect of exercise on muscle strength and balance, which...

[Purpose] Systematic reviews that confirm the positive effect of exercise intervention on fracture risk factors in people with osteoporosis (OP) have included few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on subjects with OP from Japan, which has the lowest level of obesity among developed countries. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of...

The impact of aging on joints can have a profound effect on an individual's functioning. Our objectives were to assess the histological and mechanical properties of the knee joint capsule and articular cartilage with aging, and to examine the effects of exercise on age-related changes in the knee joint. 2-year-old Wistar rats were divided into a se...

Pregnant women often report complaints due to physiological and postural changes. Postural changes during pregnancy may cause low back pain and pelvic girdle pain. This study aimed to compare the characteristics of postural changes in pregnant compared with non-pregnant women. Prospective case-control study. Pregnancy care center. Fifteen women at...

[Purpose] This study aimed to clarify the motion strategy used by young healthy adults during sit-to-stand motion (STS) and to investigate the relationship between forward tilt movement by the trunk and shanks, which is considered to contribute to the forward shift of COG, and the load on the lower extremity joints accept, from the standpoint of me...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the kinematics of sit-to-stand motion (STS) in subjects with knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) and to demonstrate the factor of impairment responsible for pathogenesis and progression of knee OA based on discussion from the standpoint of the kinetic chain of the thorax-pelvis-lower extremity. Subjects:...

An increase in the knee adduction moment is one of the risk factors of medial knee osteoarthritis. This study examined the relationship between knee adduction moment and self-reported pain and disability. We also investigated the influence of pain on the relationships between knee adduction moment and gait performance and disability. Thirty-eight J...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare external knee adduction moment of gait initiation and steady-state gait in people with knee osteoarthritis and normal adults. Subjects and Methods: Ten females with severe bilateral knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and 9 female healthy adults (HA) performed gait initiation and steady-state gait. External k...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in trunk movement between young and older people in sit-to-stand motion (STS). Subjects: One group consisting of 19 persons aged under 33 and another group of 21 healthy older persons participated in the study. Methods: Biomechanical data were collected from force plates (AMTI) and a...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of external knee adduction moment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) sufferers using principal component analysis. Subjects: The subjects were 19 limbs of 10 women with KOA and 10 limbs of 10 middle-aged women without knee joint pain. Method: The movement task was gait initiation, and we c...

[Purpose] In this study, we examined if a relationship exists between clinical assessments of symptoms (pain and function) and external knee and hip adduction moment during stepping movement in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis (knee OA). [Subjects] Thirty patients with early medial knee OA and 18 age-matched asymptomatic controls walked whi...

This study was done to investigate whether cushion thickness affected elderly people during the sit-to-stand motion (STS motion). Fourteen elderly subjects aged 79 or over were recruited from the out-patients at a rehabilitation clinic. Their STS motions were evaluated and analyzed using a digital video camera and analyzing software. As the thickne...

The Sit-to-stand motion that there is a difference in seat height among the healthy individuals was measured with three dimensional analysis devices, and the movement of trunk and lower limbs was analyzed by kinesiology. 16 healthy men were the objects, and the trunk and thigh motion that changed height on the seat side also analyzed standing up fr...

Women may experience many physiological and outlooking changes of their body during pregnancy to delivery. Previous studies reported about those changes of posture and complaint relative to those changes. In Japan，clinically of obstetrician，complaint，such as low back pain, pelvic girdle pain and incontinence，that are not severe from the point of me...