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Estimation of Stature from Length of Little Finger in the Population from South India
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Estimation of stature or height of a person is subject to variations during life due to muscular relaxation and elasticity of intervertebral discs, but could be still valuable in identification. Stature of an individual may reduce as age advances after 30 years due to natural senile degeneration. The stature will be reduced by 0.6mm per year after thirty. The identification of the dead body and corpus delicti is important before sentence is passed in murder trials. The present study was carried in the department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, ESIC Medical College, Kalburagi. Total 140 students (70 males and 70 females) from ESIC Medical College, Kalburagi were randomly selected for the study. The present study “Estimation of stature from little finger length and formulation of regression equation in both sexes” is taken with the aim, to determine correlation between stature and little finger length of a person and develop regression formulae to estimate stature from little finger length for both male and female sexes separately. The results of this study showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the little finger length and the stature. In this study females shows strong correlation between little finger length and stature compared to males. The regression equation developed in the study can be used to estimate stature of a person efficiently with SE of 6.6289 and 6.5957 in males for right little finger and left little finger respectively and SE of 6.3239 and 5.3946 in females for right little finger length and left little finger length respectively.
Background: The incidences of head injuries are growing with increasing number of high speed motor vehicle, more movement
of the public and mechanization in industry. Head injury is most common causes of mortality in road traffic accidents and fall
from Height. This is because of this special anatomical location of the Head in our body. This study is being taken into account
to explore and evaluate pattern of Head injuries in victims reporting to the tertiary health care Hospital.
Methods: This study was a prospective analysis of head injury reporting to Accident & Emergency Department, Shri Guru Ram
Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, India, a tertiary care Hospital during the period between 2011 to 2013.
Results: Most common cause of Head Injury victims reporting to the tertiary care hospital was Road Traffic Accident. Male
victims were commonly getting Head injury due to Road Traffic Accident followed by Occupational Head injury, while Female
victims were getting Head injury due to fall from Height followed by Road Traffic Accident. Common age group involved in Head
injury was of 21-40 years, winter season (October to February) recorded maximum number of cases. It was clearly reflected that
in Head injury, commonest lesion was scalp laceration followed by fractures to the skull (commonest in intra-cranial lesions).
However, in the most cases, the skull fractures were found at multiple sites. Sub Dural Haemorrhage was commonest intra
cranial hemorrhage followed by Sub Arachnoid haemorrhage in the case sustaining the Head Injury.
Conclusion: Road traffic accidents are most common cause involved in Head injury and the males are more prone to get head
injury. By establishing good pre-hospital care and provision of efficient and well organized trauma services at Road side can
minimize or prevent mortality aroused from road traffic accidents and fall from Height.
Keywords: Head Injury, Skull fracture, Road traffic accidents, Fall from Height and Tertiary Care Hospital
Human beings are considered to be bilaterally symmetrical. However, there is an asymmetry in the length of the thumb, index finger of both hands irrespective of sex or handedness; estimation of stature of an individual plays an important role for medico-legal fixation of identity. This study looks into the possibility of estimation of stature from length of thumb. In this study 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) between the ages of 21 to 30 years were taken from Uttarakhand (India) population. Their thumb length and height were measured using the standard points mentioned by the previous authors, and data was analyzed statistically for correlation. The results showed a significant correlation between length of thumb and height of the individuals in both sexes. Linear regression equation for stature estimation was calculated. It is therefore concluded that if the thumb length is known, then height of individual can be predicted and vice versa. This could be of help in medico-legal cases for the stature estimation for identification as well as in fixation of identity.
Homicide is a heinous crime against the civilized society. It is defined as killing of one person by another. The incidence of homicide is on the rise, worldwide. A prospective study on homicidal deaths were conducted in the department of Forensic Medicine, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, from November 2012 to May 2014, for a period of 18 months, to assess the pattern of injuries in victims of homicide in south Bangalore area. A total of 36 cases of homicidal deaths were reported during the study period and most of the victims had sharp weapon injuries (36.1%), mostly present over the head (47.2%). Abrasion (52.8%) was the most common injury present. Stone (29.1%) was the most common weapon used. Defense wounds were absent in most (63.9%). Most victims (80.6%) died on the spot, while the most common cause of death was shock and haemorrhage (61.1%).
Introduction: Due to the prevalence of chronic neck pain, the
international attention, in recent years, has increased to evaluate
the efficacy of therapeutic exercise in the management. The
course of neck pain is often characterised by exacerbations, a
reduced range of motion of the cervical spine, development of
chronic symptoms of pain for more than six months and weak
neck-muscles. They are more common among women than
men and they are related to functional limitations, disabilities and
impairments. But the evidence in support of many of the standard
treatment approaches in the management of neck pain is lacking.
Aim: This systematic review aimed at analysing the literature
systematically and to discuss the quality of evidence of
endurance exercise in reducing pain and disabilities. Also it may
help in improving the Quality of Life in subjects with chronic
neck pain.
Materials and Methods: Records were identified by searching
multiple literature data bases, including MEDLINE, BIOMED
CENTRAL, EMBASE, ACRM, Europa Medicophysica, BMJ,
PEDro, Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL),
American Physical Therapy Association, Medicine and Science
in sports and exercise. Additional records were searched through
other sources to complement the database finding, relevant
literature reviews and indexes of peer-reviewed journals were
used. All published Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) without
any restriction regarding time of publication, co-interventions,
sample size and gender were referred. Study participants had
to be symptomatic adults with chronic non-specific neck pain,
chronic neck pain, whiplash injuries and the articles published
in english.
Results: In this systematic review, the literature search initially
resulted in 250 RCTs among which 23 studies fulfilled the
criteria and were finally included in the review. Almost all the
studies showed that there was a significant difference between
the endurance training group and the other intervention group
in improving the neck functional abilities and in reducing the
neck pain.
Conclusion: In majority of the studies, the endurance exercises
succeeded in reducing neck pain and in improving functional
abilities of the chronic neck pain patients. The intensities and
repetitions of the exercises should depend on progressive
resistance given to the muscle. The endurance exercises
were found to be promising when compared to control group;
however, it yielded a less significant reduction in pain and
improvement in functional abilities of neck when compared to
the other strengthening exercises group.
10 male and 10 female students in physical education aged 19 to 23 yr. were each randomly assigned to both the experimental and control groups. Experimental subjects were given the 4-wk. Eyerobics visual skills training to assess its effects on static balance performance as measured on a balance stabilometer. Analysis indicated that the women performed significantly better than the men over-all. Balance performance by the trained group improved significantly.