Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez

Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias | INIA · Centro Experimental Vicuña

The vineyard cultivation in Chile is moving south and the surface of planted vines in the Araucanía Region has considerably increased in the last two decades. Despite this, the vines have been established with scarce technical support. This chapter aims to provide some guidelines about the vitiviniculture of the Araucanía Region. The vineyards are...

Pica vitiviniculture has a valuable history that dates back from the XVI century, but social, political, and economic consequences derived from the War of Pacific gave place the last harvest in 1937. Some of the descendants of the first winegrowers of Tarapacá Region are currently seeking to recover and preserve their wine history. Subtropical cond...

1) Background: Table grapes are often subjected to thermal stress during the growing season, affecting their production. Shading nets utilization has been proposed as an alternative to face this problem, but there is little available information about their effectiveness in hyperarid conditions. INIA-G2 vines were covered with kristall-colored mesh...

The vineyard cultivation in Chile is moving to south and the surface of planted vines in the Araucanía Region has considerably increased in the last two decades. Despite this, the vines have been established with scarce technical support. This chapter aims to provide some guidelines about the vitiviniculture of the Araucanía Region. The vineyards a...

Las variedades de uva de mesa tradicionales, en particular Flame Seedless, pre- sentan problemas de calidad, como calibres pequeños, falta de color y pudriciones en su llegada a destino, también han surgido nuevos materiales genéticos, con mayor potencial productivo y mejor adaptación a las condiciones edafoclimá- ticas chilenas. En las últimas tem...

Análisis de datos climáticos (período 1985-2015) para las principales zonas productoras de uva de mesa en Chile

Resultados iniciativa FIA PYT-2019-0083

The water relation strategy of a species (iso-anisohydric continuum as one of the most widely used definitions) is a key issue in the context of climate change. Given the difficulty of determining water relations strategy, there is a need for simple traits with a solid theoretical basis to estimate it. Among the many possibilities, traits associate...

Chile is characterised by offering high-quality wine and table grapes and its renowned viticultural valleys. Chile has been considered vulnerable to climate change, bringing a major concern to the national wine sector. This research aimed to analyse the climate trends and variability of Chilean viticulture from 1985 to 2015, evaluating meteorologic...

Las enfermedades fúngicas de la madera de la vid (EMVs) están entre los problemas fitosanitarios más dañinos en la industria vitivinícola; entre los principales síntomas observados en campo destaca una reducción drástica de la productividad, calidad y longevidad de los viñedos. Determinamos la distribución espacial y la incidencia y severidad del d...

La viticultura en Codpa se desarrolla en altura bajo un clima subtropical, donde la vid presenta una serie de problemas fisiológicos debido a la falta de frío invernal. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar edafoclimáticamente los viñedos de Codpa. Los resultados mostraron que el pH de los suelos fue alcalino, mientras que la conductividad e...

Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) is a major disease occurring in vineyards worldwide. Its control, still largely based on synthetic fungicide sprayings at pre-determined intervals, often leads to residues in grapes and wines that may negatively affect the environment and/or human health. To rationalise BBR management, early disease risk indicators were dev...

The Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a typical fruit tree of Mediterranean areas characterized by high-quality oil production and high tolerance to water deficit. Due to worldwide water scarcity in Mediterranean regions, it becomes indispensable to monitor plant water status, in example, through xylem water potential (Ψx). Unfortunately, measurement is...

(1) Background: Italia is a variety widely cultivated in Aegean Region in Turkey, whereas Bronx Seedless is a variety preferred by consumers due to its pink berries and interesting flavor. The goal was to study volatile compounds of these table grapes throughout berry ripeness. (2) Methods: The volatile compounds were analyzed by GC-MS in six diffe...

Climate change effects are unbalanced in all regions and cultivars linked to the wine industry. However, the impact of extreme weather events, such as drought and rising global temperatures, highlight the potential vulnerability in plant productivity, phenology, and crop water requirements that affect quality and harvests. Among adaptative measures...

Viticultura protegida: "uso de mallas sombreadoras en la producción de uva de mesa, aspectos microclimáticos (temperatura, humedad relativa y DPV)" Este informativo fue confeccionado y publicado gracias al apoyo de la Fundación para la Innovación Agraria (FIA), a través de la iniciativa "Desarrollo de mallas sombreadoras sitio-variedad específica...

Viticultura protegida: "uso de mallas sombreadoras en la producción de uva de mesa, aspectos microclimáticos (índices bioclimáticos)" Este informativo fue confeccionado y publicado gracias al apoyo de la Fundación para la Innovación Agraria (FIA) a través de la iniciativa "Desarrollo de mallas sombreadoras sitio-variedad específicas para mejorar...

Viticultura protegida: "uso de mallas sombreadoras en la producción de uva de mesa, aspectos microclimáticos (evapotranspiración)" Este informativo fue confeccionado y publicado gracias al apoyo de la Fundación para la Innovación Agraria (FIA) a través de la iniciativa "Desarrollo de mallas sombreadoras sitio-variedad específicas para mejorar la...

Versión digital disponible en https://www.mundoagro.cl/indices-bioclimaticos-para-predecir-escenarios-en-un-contexto-de-cambio-climatico/

Grapevine phenology and total soluble solids (TSS) accumulation are important information to plan agricultural operation in the vineyards over the season. The study aims at identifying the main environmental factors and related high spatial auxiliary information that could be used to define within-field zones of phenology and TSS accumulation. An e...

Background: Recently, antitranspirant or radiation-reflective products have been studied in several crops to mitigate the negative effects of global warming in Mediterranean climates. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, there is a scarce availability of information studying their effects on blueberries and much less from applications of sunscreens elab...

Dear Colleagues, Viticulture represents a relevant sector in the economy of the OIV’s Member states and of emerging countries. Global warming has provoked a series of changes at the productive level, opening possibilities for the study of adaptative strategies and for the development of viticulture in new agricultural regions. Variations in temp...

Background: Currently, viticulture is exposed to extreme weather fluctuations and global warming, thus the implementation of short-term adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts will be of a wide importance for the sustainability and competitiveness of wine industry. This research aimed to study the effect of shading nets on the viti...

(1) Background: Currently, some ampelographic methods are developing in order to identify grapevine varieties. For this purpose, morpho-colorimetric parameters in leaves have been analyzed by digital imagen analysis, but some environmental conditions may affect their determinations. (2) Methods: A research study was conducted to characterize leaf m...

(1) Background: Precision agriculture has been used mostly to study spatial variability in vineyards for winemaking. Nevertheless, there is little available information on the impacts of its use on table grape vineyards under different slope conditions. (2) Methods: The aim was to study the spatial variability of production and berry quality in ‘Fl...

Monitoring grapevine phenology during the agricultural season is one of the most important tasks within the vine field since this is a key input for the proper planning of agricultural labor management. Traditionally, vine growers make very few phenological observations at the field level, which are extrapolated to an entire production unit, withou...

Durante los últimos años se han desarrollado diversas soluciones tecnológicas para mitigar los efectos del calentamiento global actual en la industria del vino. La mayoría de estas actúan a nivel enológico, alterando principalmente la concentración de azúcar en el mosto o el contenido de alcohol en los vinos. Estas técnicas están destinadas a ofrec...

Recently, the interest in methyl jasmonate (MeJ) has increased in viticulture due to its effects on the synthesis of phenolic secondary metabolites in grapes, especially of anthocyanins, flavonols, and stilbenes derivatives, naturally occurring or synthesized, in berries in response to MeJ application to grapevines. These metabolites help to define...

Hyper-arid regions are characterized by extreme conditions for growing and lack of water (<100 mm annual rainfall average), where desertification renders human activities almost impossible. In addition to the use of irrigation, different viticultural strategies should be taken into account to face the adverse effects of these conditions in which ro...

In the 90s, as in other countries, transformation of Chilean viticulture brought about the introduction and spread of European grapevine varieties which has resulted in a massive loss of minor local and autochthonous grapevine varieties traditionally grown in several wine growing regions. Fortunately, in recent years, autochthonous and minority var...

En el año 2015 la Fundación para la Innovación Agraria (FIA), apoya la iniciativa titulada “EVALUACIÓN AGROINDUSTRIAL DE VARIEDADES RESCATADAS DE UVA PISQUERA CON EL PROPÓSITO DE GENERAR PRODUCTOS ENOLÓGICOS DE CALIDAD PREMIUM QUE PERMITAN AUMENTAR LA COMPETITIVIDAD DEL RUBRO” (Código PYT-2015-0102). Este proyecto permitió dar continuidad al trabaj...

Nitrogen is a structural component of proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, hormones and amino acids. The last one and ammonium are important primary metabolites in grapes and are key compounds in winemaking since they are primary sources for yeast fermentation. Currently, grape quality has been affected due to the negative impacts of global warmin...

Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) is a major disease occurring in vineyards worldwide. Its control is still largely based on the use of synthetic fungicide sprayings at predetermined intervals, which often produces negative residues in grapes and wines that may affect the environment and/or human health. To rationalize BBR management, disease risk indicator...

The aim of this study is to propose an empirical spatial model to estimate the spatial variability of grapevine phenology at the within-field scale. This spatial model allows the characterization of the spatial variability of a given variable of the fields through a single measurement performed in the field (reference site) and a combination of sit...

World viticulture is based on grafted grapevines, where scion corresponds to a cultivar of Vitis vinifera and rootstock is either Vitis, an American Vitis species or an interspecific hybrid. The paramount relevance of root systems is their fundamental role at the interface between grapevine and soil for water uptake and nutrient uptake. Understandi...

El clima de Chile y otros países de Sudamérica se ve afectado por el fenómeno "El Niño-Oscilación del Sur" (ENSO), el cual presenta 2 fases opuestas, conocidas como el Niño, la Niña y una fase Neutra. Ambas fases producen cambios en los regímenes de precipitaciones y temperatura. Por otro lado, la maduración de las bayas está influenciada por las c...

En la zona productora de vides de Chile, en los últimos años, muchos viñedos (uva de mesa, pisquera y de vino) han sido renovados, utilizando portainjertos como una técnica de manejo sustentable para enfrentar problemas de nemátodos, condiciones de suelo, entre otros. Sin embargo, información sobre cual portainjerto es el más adecuado para una cond...

World viticulture is based on grafted grapevines, where scion is a cultivar of Vitis vinifera and rootstock is either and American Vitis species or an interspecific Vitis hybrid. The paramount relevance of root systems is their key role at the interface between grapevine and soil for water uptake and nutrient mining. Understanding of interactions a...

A trial was conducted during the 2005–2006 season in order to determine the effects of different leaf-to-fruit ratios on yield components and fruit composition in four Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. The treatments consisted of selecting shoots of four lengths (>1.3 m, 1.3–0.8 m, 0.8–0.4 m, and <0.4 m) with two crop levels (1–2 clusters/shoot), which...

This paper proposes a methodology to improve grape yield sampling and yield estimation of the current season by using historical yield data. This approach is based on the conjoint use of (i) historical yield data all over the study field and (ii) several yield measurements collected at specific sites within the field during the current season. The...

1) Background: Degradation of soils and erosion have been described for most of the soils presented along the Maule Valley. Organic and integrated management promotes agroecosystem health, improving soil biological activity. Due to this, the aim of this research was to study the effect of organic, integrated, and conventional management on the prod...

Certain grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties overseen for decades by the Chilean wine industry have emerged as the 'Carignan'. 'País' has not had this resurgence and its production is sold for a price below the national average, negatively affecting the economy of small producers of the Maule Valley (Chile). The aim was to study the grape phenolic c...

El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la variabilidad espacial del rendimiento y componentes de calidad de la baya en uva de mesa creciendo bajo condiciones semi-áridas del Valle de Elqui. El estudio se llevó a cabo en 2 parronales comerciales del cv Flame Seedless (porta-injerto Harmony) ubicados en el Centro Experimental Vicuña, cuya princ...

Aims: This work focuses on the study of the intra- and inter-annual Temporal Stability of Within-Field Variability (TSWFV) of Total Soluble Solids (TSS) as an estimate of grape maturity. Methods and results: The experiment was carried out between 2009 and 2015 in four fields located in the Maule Valley, Chile, under irrigated conditions. Each fiel...

The main strategy to control powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator [Schw.] Burr.) in Chilean vineyards is largely based on periodic fungicide spraying (up to 18 applications per season), which may lead to many environmental and human health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three control strategies for powdery mildew: i) a Decisio...

The susceptibility of winegrape cultivars to Botrytis cinerea is a debated topic, and the available classifications are based on professional experience rather than on experimental data. The main aim of this study was to compare and classify the susceptibility of several winegrape cultivars to B. cinerea and its relation to fruit maturity under two...

The aim of this work is to validate an empirical approach to estimate spatial variability of the total soluble solids (TSS) of grapevine at the within field scale. Estimation of TSS involves a spatial model calibrated with historical TSS data. The novelty of the approach is to provide a collaboration between historical data of TSS (calibrated model...

p style="text-align: justify;">Phenological models have been made mainly for winegrape cultivars, despite the economic importance of table grapes. The aim of this work was to develop and validate models for predicting phenological scales of table grapes (cvs. Thompson, Crimson and Superior Seedless and Red Globe) grown under semi-arid conditions. M...

Phenological models have been made mainly for grapevines cultivars, despite the economic importance of table grapes. The aim of this work was to develop and validate models for predicting phenological scales of table grapes (cvs Thompson, Crimson and Superior Seedless and Red Globe) growing under semi-arid conditions. Measurements of phenology were...

The aim of this work is to calibrate and validate an empirical approach to predict the date of occurrence of the grapevine phenology (budburst, flowering and veraison) temporally and spatially at the within-field scale. It is based on the collaboration between a classical model of phenology based on climate data and a spatial model calibrated with...

This paper proposes a methodology aiming at using historical yield data to improve yield sampling and yield estimation. The sampling method is based on a collaboration between historical data (at least three years) and yield measurements of the year performed on some sites within the field. It assumes a temporal stability of within field yield spat...

The knowledge and monitoring of grapevine phenology over several seasons are important requirements for the characterization of vine regions, climate change studies and planning of various production activities such as irrigation, fertilization, phytosanitary applications and harvesting at the vine field scale. However, the main studies developed o...

Background: The primary strategy to control powdery mildew in Chilean vineyards involves periodic fungicide spraying, which may lead to many environmental and human health risks. This study aimed to implement and evaluate the effectiveness and economic feasibility of a novel Decision Support Strategy (DSS) to limit the number of treatments against...

The aim of this work is to validate an empirical approach to estimate spatial variability of the total soluble solids (TSS) of grapevine at the within field scale. Estimation of TSS involves a spatial model calibrated with historical TSS data. The novelty of the approach is to provide a collaboration between historical data of TSS (calibrated model...

In the context of climate change and possible grower adaptation by changing of cultivar, it is necessary to better know the susceptibility of the main grapevine cultivars to this disease and what new cultural strategies may be adopted. Grapevine growers are considering possible adjustments in their management to maintain the wine typical quality fe...

Knowledge and monitoring of the grapevine phenology during the season are important requirements for characterization of productive regions, climate change studies and planning of various production activities at the vine field scale. This work aims at studying the spatial variability of grapevine phenology at the within field scale. It was conduct...

Spatial variability of the hydric state of the vine and its relationship with the maturity of the berry at the level of the viticultural quarter

Cet article présente un modèle spatial empirique permettant de produire une estimation de la phénologie de la vigne sur la base d’une observation de référence et d’une base de données historique. Le modèle a été étalonné avec les données d’une parcelle cv Cabernet Sauvignon (1,56 ha) situé à Talca, Chili. Les résultats montrent que le modèle permet...

The aim of this work was to study the intra and inter-annual temporal stability of the within-field variability (TSWFV) of total soluble solids (TSS) as an estimate of grape maturity. The experiment was carried out between 2009 and 2014, on four fields all of them located in the Maule Valley, Chile, under irrigated conditions. A regular sampling gr...

La podredumbre gris causada por el hongo Botrytis cinerea es una enfermedad presente en todos los viñedos del mundo, la cual requiere de mucha vigilancia por parte de los viticultores debido a que los daños ocasionados por esta pueden afectar negativamente la calidad de los vinos. En Chile, para su control en general los viticultores realizan un us...

En vides vinífera el control de oídio (Erysiphe necator) se realiza mediante un uso intensivo de fungicidas (12 a 15 aplicaciones por temporada), principalmente de carácter preventivo, siendo el azufre el más utilizado. Sin embargo poco se conoce sobre el efecto de éste sobre los artrópodos asociados al viñedo. Así durante la temporada 2012-2013 se...

ESTUDIO ESPACIALIZADO DE DOS ESTRATEGIAS DE CONTROL DE OIDIO EN UN CUARTEL VITICOLA cv. CABERNET SAUVIGNON. 1Araya-Alman, M., 2Verdugo-Vásquez, N., 3Avalo-Henríquez, A., 4Valdés-Gómez, H., 5Acevedo-Opazo, C. (1, 2, 3, 4,5)Universidad de Talca, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, CITRA. Casilla 747, Talca. E-mail: miaraya@utalca.cl Se realizó un estud...