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Publications (65)
The relationship between the lipid content of the intestinal lumen and gastric motor activity was studied in anesthetized cats. For this purpose the electromyographic activity was recorded in the antrum whereas the small intestine (duodenum and first part of jejunum or ileum) was perfused with various solutions including calcium propionate, tributy...
The relationship between the lipid content of the intestinal lumen and gastric motor activity was studied in anesthetized cats. For this purpose the electromyographic activity was recorded in the antrum whereas the small intestine (duodenum and first part of jejunum or ileum) was perfused with various solutions including calcium propionate, tributy...
In anesthetized cats, sensory neurons in the superior laryngeal nerves (SLN) were identified with respect to their response to (1) phenyldiguanide (PDG) i.v., (2) mechanical stimulation and (3) lowering temperature in an isolated tracheolaryngeal segment. The activity originating from 107 SLN afferent units activated by PDG was recorded using glass...
In anesthetized cats, the unitary activity of 66 sensory vagal neurones was recorded with extracellular glass microelectrodes implanted in the nodose ganglia. These neurones had non-medullated afferent fibres with conduction velocities between 0.8 and 1.2 m/s, as do most of the intestinal vagal fibres, and were silent or fired at low frequencies be...
The relationship between osmotic pressure in the intestinal lumen and gastric motor activity was studied in anesthetized cats. For this purpose the EMG was recorded in the antrum while the small intestine (duodenum and the first part of jejunum) was perfused with various solutions: tap water (5 mOsm), NaCl, mannitol and glucose having an osmotic pr...
It was recently well established that the vagal intestinal glucoreceptors are involved in insulin release. In this work we demonstrate that the splanchnic glucoreceptors play a unique role in insulin release: their activation induces a decrease, like strong mechanical stimulation. The physiological meaning of this effect is not clear, it may be a n...
Various kinds of receptors (mechanoreceptors, chemoreceptors, thermoreceptors) have been evidenced in the small intestine thanks to single recording techniques (1). We studied recently the intestinal osmosensitivity in anaesthetized cats using the microelectrode technique (2). We concluded that the vagal polymodal receptors were able to signal chan...
Data obtained during recent years have completely changed our understanding of the organization and function of visceral sensitivity. The digestive tract--and especially the small intestine--provides a very good example of this evolution. Classically, it was believed that the sensory innervation of the gut is supplied by both the vagus and the spla...
In anaesthetized cats, sixty-two vagal sensory units with afferent endings in the lower oesophageal sphincter were recorded by means of extracellular glass micro-electrodes implanted in the nodose ganglion. All the receptors had non-medullated fibres, with conduction velocities ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 m/s. From the direct stimulation of the lower o...
The existence of splanchnic mechanoreceptors was demonstrated in the esophagus including the lower esophageal sphincter of anesthetized cats. For this purpose, unitary activities were recorded in T9, T10 and T11 spinal ganglia by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. Two types of receptors were evidenced according to their location: the mus...
For a long time, particularly following Langley’s work (see Gabella 1976), it was believed that the autonomic nervous system (vegetative or visceral) represented mainly or solely an efferent pathway. This view persisted even though early electrophysiological studies pointed out that visceral nerves contained a variety of afferent fibers. For instan...
Vagal unitary discharges were elicited in anesthetized cats by thermal stimulation of the lower thoracic esophagus and stomach. Discharges were recorded from the nodose ganglion, using extracellular glass microelectrodes. Three types of receptors were distinguished according to the temperature ranges at which they discharged: the cold receptors (10...
The composition of the bronchial branches of the vagus nerves was studied in cats using light and electron microscopy. In order to determine the number and the diameter of fibers in the afferent and the efferent components, a unilateral efferent vagotomy was performed. The myelinated and the non-myelinated fibers were counted from the total nerve a...
In anesthetized cats, the unitary activity of splanchnic sensory neurons were recorded from T9, T10 and T11 spinal ganglia by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. Twelve neurons, generally silent, were activated by perfusion of jejuno-ileum with glucose solutions (10, 50, 100 or 200 g/l). The responses indicated that the corresponding rece...
In anesthetized cats and rats, it is demonstrated that glucose perfusion of the small intestine produces a rapid increase of insulin secretion (IRI) which precedes glycemia variation. This mechanism involves the autonomic nervous system and originates from intestinal glucoreceptors, the existence of which was recently reported. The nervous pathways...
1. In eighteen anaesthetized cats, action potentials in non-myelinated vagal afferent neurones were recorded in the nodose ganglion by means of extracellular micro-electrodes. 2. The pulmonary or bronchial origin of these C fibres was assessed in closed chest preparations by injecting phenyl diguanide into either the right atrium or the ascending a...
Vagal sensitivity to carbohydrates (mainly glucose) and to acids (hydrochloric and acetic acids) was studied in the gastro-duodenal region of anesthetized cats. Action potentials were recorded extracellularly from the nodose ganglion by means of glass microelectrodes. Receptors responding to glucose perfusion were found at this level as well as rec...
In anaesthetized cats, vagal unitary discharges originating from the Lower Oesophageal Sphincter (L.O.S.) were recorded in nodose ganglia by means of glass microelectrodes. Numerous mechanoreceptors located both in mucosa and muscular layers were found in L.O.S. The mucus mechanoreceptors (high threshold receptors) were activated by strong compress...
La sensibilité vagale aux hydrates de carbone (glucose en particulier) et aux acides (acide chlorhydrique et acide acétique) a été étudiée dans la région gastro-duodénale chez des chats anesthésiés. Les potentiels d'action ont été enregistrés dans le ganglion plexiforme droit au moyen de microélectrodes extracellulaires. Des récepteurs, sélectiveme...
Unmyelinated afferent fibres are the most numerous of the whole afferent component. Their function in nociception is now well established. However some recent data allow to think that their function is much more complex. Cutaneous unmyelinated afferences are evaluated in controls and in 3 groups of patients (painful neuropathies, painless neuropath...
A systematic study of vagal and splanchnic projections to the VMH area was undertaken in anaesthetized cats by means of macroelectrodes and microelectrodes. Responses elicited by vagal and splanchnic nerve stimulation were recorded from the VMH nucleus and the region situated above it. The fact that they are identical, whatever the nerve stimulated...
The number and caliber of myelinated and non-myelinated fibers of entire and sensory vagal nerves of cats were studied by means of light and electron miscroscopy. The results obtained with electron microscopy show that the non-myelinated component is particularly rich (about 40,000 elements at the cervical level), with clearly higher numbers of fib...
Intestinal chemoreceptor responses to amino acids in the small intestine were investigated in anaesthetized cats with a microelectrophysiological technique, i.e. vagal units in the nodose ganglion were recorded by extracellular glass microelectrodes. About 400 neurons were tested by infusing the small intestine with a mixture of several amino acids...
Breath-by-breath measurements of pulmonary resistance (RL) were used to study the bronchomotor effects produced by the inhalation of a CO2-enriched gas mixture in anaesthetized, spontaneously breathing cats. A significant increase in RL occurred from the second inhalation of the hypercapnic gas mixture. This bronchoconstrictor effect lasted about 1...
This paper summarizes recent data on the existence of insulin nervous regulation by duodenal glucoreceptors which are connected to non-medullated fibres included in the vagal nerves. These glucoreceptors respond to intestinal perfusion of glucose or other carbohydrates, but other conventional mechanical stimuli are unable to activate them; therefor...
1. In anaesthetized spontaneously breathing cats, the sensory component of the vagal nerves was sectioned at the level of nodose ganglion, using a method described previously (Mei, 1966; Mei & Dussardier, 1966).
2. The strength of the Hering—Breuer reflex (inhibitory ratio, i.e. T 1 / T 0 ) provided a test for effectiveness of section of vagal affe...
In anaesthetized cats, sensory vagal units were recorded in the nodose ganglion by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. In the antrum and the duodenum we have found receptors tonically activated by warm (38-51 degrees C with an optimum at 46-49 degrees C) or cold (36-10 degrees C with an optimum at 12-10 degrees C) solutions. These recepto...
In anaesthetized cats, sensory vagal units were recorded in the nodose ganglion by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. In the antrum and the duodenum we have found receptors tonically activated by warm (38–51 ° C with an optimum at 46–49 ° C) or cold (36–10 ° C with an optimum at 12–10 ° C) solutions. These receptors did not respond to me...
This study compares unmyelinated afferences from skin, muscle and viscera. Cutaneous ones are connected to high threshold nociceptors and probably to low threshold receptors too. Muscular type IV afferences are composed of nociceptors, (55 % of units) mainly of polymodal type but non nociceptive units have been found (45 %) and are supposed to be i...
1. In anaesthetized cats, the unitary activity of seventy-eight sensory vagal neurones was recorded in nodose ganglia by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. 2. These neurones were stimulated by perfusion of the small intestine (duodenum and first part of jejunum) with glucose or other different carbohydrates at concentrations of 1--20 g/l...
1.The unitary activity of 60 sensory vagal neurons was recorded from the nodose ganglion of anaesthetized young sheeps. They originated from the inferior thoracic oesophagus (14 receptors), from the lower oesophageal sphincter (16 receptors) and from the stomach (30 receptors).2.The mechanoreceptors located in the inferior thoracic oesophagus were...
The sensory innervation of the small intestine was studied in the cat with electrophysiological, histological and histochemical techniques. Thanks to the histochemical technique (peroxydase method) the exact number and proportion of splanchnic and vagal fibres was determined : the latter being about 9 times more numerous than the former. On the oth...
In anaesthetized cats, evoked or unitary potentials were produced in the hypothalamus by electrical stimulation of splanchnic and vagus nerves. Responses were recorded bilaterally in an area corresponding to the median nucleus. They were greater for the splanchnic stimulation than for the vagal one. The stimulation parameters and the response laten...
1. We systematically calculated the conduction velocity along the peripheral extensions of sensory vagal neurones in cats (the dendrites). In addition, a study of excitability cycle and light microscopic investigation were also conducted on these neurones. 2. The conduction velocity of the three known types of fibres (A, B and C) remains uniform al...
The experiments were performed on cats anesthetized with chloralose or Nembutal. The unitary activity of cortical neurons was recorded in the SI and SII areas by means of extracellular glass microelectrodes. The neurons showed frequently a spontaneous discharge (irregular or regular tonic discharge bursts of spikes).
The electrical stimulation of c...
The registration of afferent signals of the digastric muscle in the cat is easier at the peripheral level than at the central level, where there are many afferent signals from other masticatory muscles. This study produced details of the modalities of the discharge from digastric muscle receptors as well as their preferential location in the mandib...
The aim of the present paper is to study the electrophysiology of mechanoreceptors connected with splanchnic neurons. The unitary activity of neurons is recorded by means of glass extracellular microelectrodes implanted in the spinal ganglia (T6-L1).
Two types of mechanoreceptors (gastro-intestinal and peritoneal receptors) have been revealed by pu...
In this quantitative study (23 cats) we aimed to compare the frequency of the intranuclear rodlets of sympathetic neurons in a stellate ganglion taken as reference and in the controlateral ganglion submitted to electrical stimulation. We examined 15,616 nuclear sections and 662 nuclear inclusions.In the reference ganglia great individual variations...
