Mourad Jridi

Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | ENIS · Biological Engineering Department

Boiling, microwave-assisted hydration and ultrasonication-assisted hydration of eleusine flour influenced its chemical composition, leading to a reduction in total phenolics. The untreated eleusine flour, with the highest total phenolics and antioxidant potential, was chosen for pan bread formulation. LC–ESI–MS analysis of eleusine flour showed tha...

In the present study, sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) from smooth hound shark were extracted using different precipitation agents, the cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) or ethanol, named SHSP-I and SHSP-II, respectively. The UV–visible scan demonstrated the absence of nucleic acids or proteins in the extracted SHSPs. The antioxidant, anticoagulant and...

Abstract: In this study, the release of proteins and other biomolecules into an aqueous media from two red macroalgae (Sphaerococcus coronopifolius and Gelidium spinosum) was studied using eight different cell disruption techniques. The contents of carbohydrates, pigments, and phenolic compounds coextracted with proteins were quantified. In additio...

The present study aims to develop active films based on gelatin (FG) and clays, either smectite (Sm) or Illite (IL), and enriched with chamomile (Chm) aqueous extract at different concentrations (1% and 2%). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EAB), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared...

The present study aims to evaluate the protective effect of Crataegus azarolus berries decoction extract (CAB-DE) against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis as well as the mechanisms implicated in such protection. Adult male Wistar rats were separated into seven groups: Control (H 2 O), acetic acid (AA), AA + various doses of CAB-DE (100, 200,...

The defatted viscera from smooth hound were the raw material used to produce four protein hydrolysates using three different microbial proteases (Neutrase, Esperase and Purafect) and the endogenous enzymes, named VPH-N, VPH-E, VPH-P and VPH-EE, respectively. Hydrolysates showed different degrees of hydrolysis (DH) depending on the enzyme used, wher...

There has been a growing interest in functional foods that contain probiotics and bioactive substance due to the increasing awareness of the link between nutrition and health. In this context, the current study aimed to develop a kefir-based probiotic dairy product enriched with Opuntia dillenii fruit powder (ODFP). The phenolics profile, chemical...

Gelatin derived from marine by-products could be an interesting alternative to classic mammalian gelatin. The pretreatment and extraction conditions could influence the size of the resulting peptide chains and therefore their techno-functional properties. Thus, it is important to optimize the production process to get a gelatin for the appropriate...

The defatted viscera from smooth hound were the raw material used to produce four protein hydrolysates using three different microbial proteases (Neutrase, Esperase and Purafect) and the endogenous enzymes, named VPH-N, VPH-E, VPH-P and VPH-EE, respectively. Hydrolysates showed different degrees of hydrolysis (DH) depending on the enzyme used, wher...

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) leaves, or green garlic characterized by a mild flavour, were a rich source of biologically active compounds as was found in garlic cloves. Influence of microwave drying (100–450 W) on the color, phenolics profile and radical scavenging activity of garlic leaves was studied. Effect of microwave power density level (W/g DM...

In the current study, composite films based on blue crab chitosan (Cs) and bluefin tuna collagenous proteins (BTCP) were prepared and characterized. Composite films were assessed for their physicochemical, barrier (water vapor and UV), structural, crystallinity, thermal, mechanical and antioxidant properties. FTIR analysis showed an increase of hyd...

The effect of TiO2 on structural properties of Mustelus mustelus gelatin films, obtained by solution casting method, was investigated. This work determined the effect of a low TiO2 particle ratio addition ranging from 0.01 to 0.03% on structural properties of gelatin films. The results showed that TiO2 incorporation improved the UV barrier efficacy...

An edible coating was developed using gelatin extracted from the skin of gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) and applied to the fillet of the smooth‐hound shark (Mustelus mustelus). Moringa oleifera leaf extract was added to gelatin coating solution to improve its preservative properties. The phenolic profiles and antioxidant and antibacterial ac...

The ricotta cheese undergoes early microbiological spoilage and high moisture loss that leads to brittle texture. The development of edible films based on active biomaterials plays an important role in the cheese industry. Thus, gelatin was extracted from the grey triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) co-product. The gelatin films were prepared and enri...

The biological proprieties of mucilaginous polysaccharides (PSc) extracted from Tossa jute leaves (Corchorus olitorius L.) using an ethanol precipitation method were studied. The results showed that PSc had higher total polyphenols and flavonoids and greater antioxidant activities. At 1.5 mg/ml PSc, the antioxidant activities were about 90% against...

Research on bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants is still topical and their applications are of interest to food industry, phytopharmacy and cosmetics. The present study deals with the phenolic compounds profile and antioxidant activities of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves. Therefore, this work is a contribution to study the potential of...

The transformation of wastes from food processing industry to value-added products is one of the major challenges in sustainable development. This work aimed to develop active packaging films based on chitosan (Cs) and sardinella protein isolate (SrPI) obtained from blue crab and Sardinella aurita by-products, respectively. The data from fourier tr...

The effect of TiO 2 on structural properties of gelatin films, obtained by solution casting method, was investigated. The results showed that TiO 2 incorporation improved the UV barrier efficacy and increased the films opacity. The formation of new interactions between gelatin matrix and TiO 2 particles were confirmed by FTIR analysis. A decrease i...

Bioactive films from marine gelatin are being developed for food packaging to make sustainable environment-friendly alternatives to synthetic ones. In addition, gelatin polymer can be added or combined with other substances (ie. antimicrobial and antioxidant molecules) or polymers that improve the intrinsic gelatin film properties to be active and...

Protein hydrolysates are potential sources of diverse bioactive peptides possessing numerous biological activities. Several processes have been developed to produce biopeptides, including biological and chemical approaches. Fermentation of food protein substrates to produce biopeptides using proteolytic microorganisms is an alternative tool to enzy...

The physical and functional properties of gelatin-based films enriched with organic extracts from Lepidium sativum seeds were studied. Gelatin was extracted from the skin of dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and the functional gelatin-based films were used to preserve cheese during chilled storage. Ethanol extract (LSE3) and gelatin-based film enriched w...

Medicinal plants were used to prevent and treat numerous gastrointestinal disorders owing, in part, to their antioxidant capacity. The protective effects of Diospyros kaki fruit aqueous extract (DKFAE) against castor oil (CO)-induced diarrhea was studied. The in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial properties were investigated using colorimetric and...

This study investigates the effect of agar addition and ultrasound treatment on the properties of edible films made from smooth hound (Mustellus mustellus) skin gelatin. The FTIR spectra showed the classic profile of gelatin spectrum presenting three characteristic absorption peaks related to amide I (1620–1690 cm−1), amide II (1540–1580 cm−1) and...

A fucoidan, sulfated polysaccharide, was extracted from the brown seaweed Cystoseira schiffneri during 4 harvest periods (December, April, July, and September) and studied for its structural and chemical properties. The Cystoseira schiffneri fucoidan (CSF) showed important variation in sulfate content ranging from 7.8% in December to 34.8% in July....

Background Diarrhea is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder responsible for about 5 million deaths annually. The chemical composition, the antioxidant activity of Crataegus azarolus berries aqueous extract (CABAE) as well as its protective effects against castor oil–induced diarrhea, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rat were studied. Me...

Sodium alginates were extracted from brown seaweeds (Cystoseira schiffneri) collected from a Tunisian island (Kerkennah, Sfax) in different seasons (December, April, July and September). The structural features and antioxidant properties of C. schiffneri sodium alginates (CSSA) were characterized. Micro-elementary analysis showed the absence of nit...

The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of camel and bovine α-lactalbumin (α-La) in both calcium-loaded (holo) and calcium-depleted (apo) forms were investigated and compared. Antioxidant assay showed that camel and bovine α-La exhibited significant Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ferrous iron-chelating activity (FCA) and antiradical...

The present study examined the chemical compositions as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the vegetal oils of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) (MTO) and mastic (Pistacia lentiscus) (MO). The mastic oil extract was shown to have higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than the oil extract of the milk thistle. The fatty acid...

The biological proprieties of mucilaginous polysaccharides (PSc) and their soluble fraction (SF) extracted from Tossa jute leaves (Corchorus olitorius L.) using an ethanol precipitation method were studied. The results showed that PSc had higher total polyphenols and flavonoids and greater antioxidant activities than SF. At 1.5 mg/ml PSc, the antio...

The rocket Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng (vernacular name: Jarjir) is a wild edible plant from the Brassicaceae family, which represents an important herb species in Tunisia. The present work studied the anti-proliferative potential of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts from D. simplex flowers against MCF7 human breast-cancer and K562 human leuk...

The physicochemical, thermal and mechanical properties of blood orange peel pectin (BOPP) film blended with fish gelatin (F-G), at different ratios, were investigated. BOPP was first, tested for its antioxidant capacity, monitored through the β-carotene bleaching, DPPH radical-scavenging and reducing power activities. BOPP and gelatin blending was...

Hybrid composites films were prepared by the incorporation of titanium dioxide doped silver nanoparticles (TiO2–Ag NPs) at different concentrations (1, 2, 3 and 4 wt%) into Rhinobatos cemiculus gelatin (RCG) matrix. The microstructure analysis, realized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed a homogenous structure and...

The objective of this study was to apply cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) skin protein isolate (CSPI) and hydrolysates (CSPH), using commercial Savinase® and Purafect® enzymes, as bioactive additives in the elaboration of gelatin-based films. CSPH and CSPI enriched films were colored and exhibited a higher UV-barrier properties compared to gelatin fi...

A comparative evaluation of the effects of the extraction solvent on the phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) by-products (TBP) was done. Results showed significant differences in total and individual phenolic contents and lycopene amount by varying the extraction solvent, which consequently influenced th...

The effects of two pretreatments (microwaves or oven-drying) on the dogfish (Squalus acanthias) skin as well as two drying processes (freeze-drying or spray-drying) on the extracted gelatins were studied. Thus six types of gelatins were obtained, three of which were freeze-dried (FG) and the others were spray-dried (SG), from the untreated skin (US...

The rocket Diplotaxis simplex (Viv.) Spreng (vernacular name: Jarjir) is a wild edible plant from the Brassicaceae family, which represents an important herb species in Tunisia. The present work studied the anti-proliferative potential of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts from D. simplex flowers against MCF7 human breast-cancer and K562 human leuk...

Context: The present study deals with the phytochemistry properties and antioxidant activities of the apricot (Prunus armeniaca) and plum (Prunus domestica) leaves. Objective: The current study measures the flavonoids and phenolic acids contents of the ethanolic extracts of apricot and plum leaves, and evaluates their antioxidant potential. Materia...

Rosa canina is a well-known medicinal plant used in folk remedy that alleviates various disorders, including inflammation, gastritis, and diarrhea. The objective of this investigation was to identify and quantify the phenolic components of R. canina methanolic extract (RCME) and to determine its protective action with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-g...

The purpose of this study was to prepare a novel Clay Bio-Polymer Nanocomposite (CBPN) films by mixing polymer (chitosan, C) with exfoliated nanoclay (kaolinite, k). DRX has shown that the mechano-chemical treatment of kaolinite allows its exfoliation and the significant reduction of its particles size. Physicochemical properties namely thickness,...

Flaxseed oil (FO) is composed mainly of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are very sensitive to oxidation induced by oxygen, temperature, and light. To overcome this problem, gelatin-based films containing glucose are crosslinked via the Maillard reaction (MR) at 120 °C and used for the conception of pouches in which the FO was packaged. The prepare...

Response surface methodology coupled with a Box–Behnken experimental design was used to investigate the effect of the air inlet drying temperature, the feed rate, and the fat content on the solubility and the bulk density of spray‐dried camel and cow milk powders. The response surface methodology analysis highlighted that milk fat content and feed...

This work deals with the optimization of the culture conditions of Bacillus invictae AH1 in order to increase the production level of the proteolytic activity. Response‐surface methodology (RSM) was applied for the most significant fermentation parameters (concentration of wheat bran and K2HPO4/KH2PO4) that were earlier identified by Plackett–Burma...

We aimed in the present study to investigate the chemical composition, the antioxidant capacities as well as the in vitro fermentation properties of Salvia officinalis leaves aqueous extract (SOLAE) grown in four regions of northwestern Tunisia. Our data firstly indicated a spatial variation (P <0.05) in condensed tannins, total lipids, polyphenols...

The conjugation of smooth hound viscera autolysates (SHVA) and glucose (Gluc) through the Maillard reaction (MR) was studied. The degree of glycation, free amino groups, color parameters, structural (infrared and scanning electron microscopy analyses) and antioxidant properties of the resulting MR products (MRP) were studied. The degree of glycatio...

Cinnamon bark and evergreen oak acorns, natural sources of functional ingredients, are effective for those suffering from diarrhea, constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the dissimilar phytochemical composition and the opposite potential actions of Cinnamomum cassia bark (ACCE) and Quercus ilex aqueous extracts (GI...

Thyme is a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals and it is frequently used in folk-medicine to treat gastroenteritis irritations. The current study was performed to examine the potential of Thymus vulgaris aqueous extract (TV-AE) to protect against delayed gastric emptying (DGE) and colonic constipation in rats. Stomach ulcer was caused by a sing...

Vine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves powder (VLP) was characterized in terms of functional and chemical properties and used as an ingredient in a pistachio calisson formulation. The total phenolics and flavonoids contents, phenolic compounds profile as well as techno-functional characteristics of the VLP were measured. The sensory properties, color, mas...

This study aims to assess the effect of heating temperatures on structure, physicochemical and antioxidant properties of fish gelatin films crosslinked by the temperature and/or with glucose by the Maillard reaction.Glucose was incorporated at a 0.5 glucose/lysine molar ratio into the fish gelatin film forming solutions. The products of the Maillar...

The purpose of this study was to characterize the Spirulina blue-green alga in terms of functional and chemical properties and to use it in the Kaak Mrachek (almond paste) formulation. Thus, antioxidant and antibacterial activities, total phenolics and flavonoids contents, as well as some techno-functional characteristics of Spirulina were assessed...

In this study, the antioxidant, antibacterial and anticoagulant activities of sulfated polysaccharides extracted from Solen marginatus flesh were investigated via physicochemical characterization of the crude polysaccharide SM-CP and its deproteinized fraction (SM-DP); their total sugar contents were 47.15% and 66.01%. The results obtained via mole...

In this study, the antihypertensive activity of Purafect®-smooth hound viscera protein hydrolysate (VPH) and its peptide fraction with molecular weight (MW) below 1 kDa (VPH-I) was investigated. In addition, the lipase inhibitory activity, as well the anticoagulant potential, in vitro, were assessed. The antihypertensive effects of VPH and VPH-I we...

Biofunctional films based on bovine gelatin (G) incorporated with a food grade phycocyanin (PC) extract at various concentrations (1.25%, 2.5%, 6.25% and 12.5%; w/w) were developed. PC incorporation maintained the original solubility of gelatin (control) film, while, when added at 6.25% and 12.5% (w/w), PC decreased the L* and increased b*, ΔE and...

In this study, novel polysaccharides extracted from cuttlefish skin (CSP) and muscle (CMP), by precipitation with cetylpyridinium, were characterized and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities were investigated. CMP showed the highest amounts of sulfated groups (6.6%), uronic acids (9.2%) and proteins (3.7%). Infrared spectroscopic analysis...

Purpose: This work aimed to investigate the in vivo hypocholesterolemic property of fenugreek proteins (FP), Purafect-fenugreek protein hydrolysate (PFPH) and Esperase fenugreek protein hydrolysate (EFPH) on high cholesterol fed rats (HC). Design: Rats were randomized into five groups: four were fed for 4 weeks a hypercholesterolemic diet and the t...

The present study aims to develop natural biopolymer bioactive edible films. Particularly, blend (F-Bl) and bilayer (F-Bi) films based on grey triggerfish skin gelatin (G) and agar (A), incorporated or not with vine leaves ethanolic extract (VLE), at 5 and 10 mg/mL, were prepared using the casting method. First, VLE presented an important antioxida...

Tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) is one of the Tunisian plants, traditionally used as a medicinal herb. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and phenolic profiles of C. olitorius L extracts. The effects of various solvents (ethanol, 50/50 ethanol/water and water) on the phenolic profile of C. oli...

The present study aims to characterize black-barred (Hemiramphus far) skin gelatin (BG) gel enriched or not with its hydrolysate (BGH) in terms of their rheological and micro-structural properties, as well as to evaluate their effect on smooth hound fillet quality during chilled storage. The results of the rheological properties showed that peptide...

Enzymatic thornback ray (Raja clavata) muscle hydrolysates have been shown to have antioxidant and antihypertensive activities in vitro. The Neutrase hydrolysate exhibited the highest activities, so it was investigated along with the undigested muscle to test their hypolipidemic, antioxidative and fertility effects in rats fed with a high-cholester...

The interactive effects of light intensity, NaCl, nitrogen, and phosphorus on intracellular biomass content and extracellular polymeric substance production were assessed for Arthrospira sp. (Spirulina) in a two-phase culture process using principal component analysis and central composite face design. Under high light intensity (120 μmol photons m...

This study investigates the effect of Maillard reactions (MR) on the physico-chemical and biological properties of fish gelatin based edible films. Glucose was incorporated in gelatin film forming solutions at different glucose/lysine molar ratios: 0.5/1.0, 1.0/1.0 and 5.0/1.0. The MR was then induced by heating films at 90 °C for 24 h in dry condi...

The present study deals with the isolation of sulfated polysaccharides (Ps) from the Bullet tuna by-products (head, skin and bones). Results of chemical characterization revealed that Ps-bones showed the highest total sugar, uronic acid and sulfate group contents. Tuna extracted-Ps contained a mixture of neutral sugars, with high amounts of glucuro...

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) decoction extract (CDE) on aspirin-induced small bowel injuries. The chemical composition of CDE was analysed by LC-HRESIMS. Experimental animals received CDE (100 mg kg⁻¹, p.o. P.C.) before induction of intestinal injuries by oral aspirin administration. C...

The chemical composition and the antioxidant properties of Capsicum annum discarded seeds from processing industry with their corresponding extracted oil were investigated. C. annum seeds had high levels of crude proteins (18.30%), crude oil (11.04%), and dietary fibers (60.96%). The lipophilic fraction of C. annum seeds showed higher radical scave...

The bioconversion of fish by-products through the development of biodegradable films offers the possibility to their valorization and, on the other side, to decrease the use of synthetic packaging, responsible for several ecological problems due to their non-biodegradability. Thus, in the present study, blend films (Bl-F) and bilayer films (Bi-F) b...

The interactive effects of light intensity and NaCl concentration were investigated for Spirulina two-step cultivation process using Full Factorial Design. In the experiment interval, light intensity had no effect while the NaCl concentration had significant effect on extracellular polymeric substances enhancement. Interestingly, results revealed a...

The effect of a beef meat coating prepared using cuttlefish skin gelatin with henna aqueous extract (HAE) as natural preservative was studied during chilled storage of meat at 1, 3, 6 and 8 days. The combined coating increased the shelf-life of meat by decreasing the total and psychrophilic vial bacteria counts at the end of storage. In addition, t...

Sardinelle protein hydrolysate (SPH), prepared by treatment with Bacillus subtilis A26 proteases, was found to exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities. SPH, with a degree of hydrolysis of 4%, was fractionated by size exclusion chromatography on a Sephadex G-25 into five major fractions (F1–F5). F2, which exhibited the highe...

In the present study, cuttlefish skin gelatin (CSG) and protein isolate (CSPI) blend films were prepared and their physicochemical and antioxidant properties were characterized. CSG (4%, w/v) was blended with CSPI (3%, w/v) at different ratios and 15% of glycerol (w/w, plasticizer/polymer dry matter). Results showed that increasing of CSPI content...

Smooth-hound viscera hydrolysates (SHVHs) were prepared by treatment with Neutrase (SHVH-N) and Purafect (SHVH-P). Hydrolysates were then separated according to their molecular weight, using the ultra-filtration membrane system, into 5 fractions (≥50, 50-5, 5-3, 3-1 and ≤1 kDa). Fractions showed different amino acid compositions and angiotensin I-c...

Traditional Tunisian butter (TTB) is one of the most appreciated dairy products in Tunisia. Herein, the storage stability of TTB enriched with antioxidants from tomato processing by-products (TPB) was evaluated during 60 days of storage at 4 °C. TPB extract contains significant amounts of lycopene and phenolics. TTB enriched with 400 mg of TPB extr...

Smooth-hound viscera proteins were enzymatically hydrolyzed, using Esperase®, and the resulting hydrolysate was fractionated by ultrafiltration through four membranes with decreasing molecular weight (MW) cut-offs. Five fractions were obtained, FI (>50 kDa), FII (5–50 kDa), FIII (3–5 kDa), FIV (3–1 kDa) and FV (<1 kDa). Their RP-HPLC peptide profil...

Abstract The rocket, Diplotaxis simplex, is an edible cruciferous that possesses interesting biological properties. The effect of rocket leaves powder substitution to wheat flour on alveographic properties of dough, and physical, antioxidant and sensory characteristics of wheat bread were examined. The rocket powder contained relatively high levels...

The effect of ultrasound (US) pre-treatment on the evolution of Maillard reaction (MR), induced between low molecular weight (LMW) peptides and sucrose, was studied. LMW peptides (<1 kDa) were obtained by the ultrafiltration of smooth hound viscera protein hydrolysates, produced by Neutrase, Esperase and Purafect. MR was induced by heating the LMW...

Since chitin is closely associated with proteins, deproteinization is a crucial step in the process of extracting chitin. Thus, this research aimed to extract chitin from Portunus segnis and Penaeus kerathurus shells by means of crude digestive alkaline proteases from the viscera of P. segnis, regarding deproteinization step, as an alternative to c...

In the current study, gelatin was extracted from black-barred halfbeak (Hemiramphus far) skin by successive alkaline and acid treatments and then hydrolyzed with Purafect®. The black-barred halfbeak gelatin (BG) and its hydrolysate (BGH) were characterized and compared to the commercial bovine gelatin (CG). Samples were evaluated for their antioxid...

The development and characterization of biodegradable blend films based on chitosan and poly (vinyl alcohol) for possible use in a variety of biological activities are reported. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of chitosan-poly (vinyl alcohol) (Ch/PVA) films showed characteristics peaks shifting to a lower frequency range due...

The present study investigates the antibacterial activity of zebra blenny (Salaria basilisca) protein hydrolysates obtained by fermentation with a proteolytic bacterium, Bacillus mojavensis A21. The fermentative zebra blenny protein hydrolysate (FZPH), with a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 17.35%, was fractionated by size exclusion chromatography on...

Bioactive Liza aurata protein hydrolysates (LAPHs) were prepared by treatment with Trypsine (PH-TR), Esperase (PH-ES), enzyme preparations from Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2 (PH-A2), Bacillus subtilis A26 (PH-A26) and Liza aurata (PH-LA). Their functional properties and antioxidant activities were evaluated. The hydrolysates had degree of hydrolysis (D...