Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh Shirazi

Shiraz University · Department of Animal Science

Background: Hypothalamic Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) and kiss1/kisspeptin systems play roles in reproductive processes. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in MC4R and kiss1 genes expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus and its relationship with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. Materials and Methods: In the...

Background: Intrauterine endocrine abnormalities have profound effects on the development of physiological disorders. Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of in utero exposure to letrozole (an aromatase inhibitor) and its late consequences on the reproductive and metabolic performance of an adult male offspring. Materials and metho...

A hypothesis was tested that quantitative feed restriction affects the reproductive performance and offspring sex ratio of female Chukar breeder partridges. A total of 160 2.5‐year‐old male and female partridges were randomly allotted to 4 treatment groups. The birds in the control group were fed ad libitum, whereas those in treatments G95, G90, an...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in reproductive-aged women that induces reproductive and metabolic derangements. Women with PCOS seem to have disturbances in lipid metabolism in the adipose tissue. Nevertheless, gene expression in adipose tissue of PCOS women and its relation to other disturbances have been fragmentarily inve...

Despite the fact that the brain is susceptible to neurotoxicity induced by cadmium (Cd), the effects of Cd on the neuroanatomical development in the hypothalamus and regulatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis are not fully understood. To clarify this issue, we investigated the effects of 25 mg/kg BW/day cadmium chloride...

Some studies have demonstrated that stroke may increase the risk of pregnancy complications and early menopause. In addition, preclinical investigations revealed the middle cerebral artery occlusion could affect hypothalamus. Since hypothalamus is the core of central circuits regulating reproductive processes, impairment of hypothalamic GnRH neuron...

Background Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) seem to have disturbances in lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Nevertheless, gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of PCOS women and its relation to other disturbances have been fragmentarily investigated. Methods and results We utilized microarray data to identify the m...

Objectives: Despite prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among childbearing women and development of many animal models for this syndrome, information on its etiology is still scarce. The intrauterine hyperandrogenic environment may underlie changes at the level of hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary organization in female offspring, and PCOS...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women. PCOS is characterized by anovulation, hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, insulin resistance, and obesity. Despite the finding that the genetic origin of PCOS is well demonstrated in previous twin and familial clustering studies, genes and factors that can exactly explain the P...

Background Stressful conditions increase alcohol consumption in men. Clinical studies link disruption of the neuroendocrine stress system with alcoholism, but effect of alcohol in stress condition on male fertility is still relatively poorly understood. This project was undertaken to evaluate the effect of sub-chronic alcohol in stress condition on...

Background: The ovarian follicular development of rodents begins at neonatal period, the stage at which primordial follicles are formed. During estrous cycle, most of the follicles undergoes atresia and some of them continue their development ovary is regulated by some factors including hormonal factors and direct neuron effects. Previous studies...

Despite the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among childbearing women and the development of many animal models for this syndrome, information on its etiology is still scarce. Intrauterine hyperandrogenic environment may underlie changes at the levels of hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary organization in female offspring, and PCOS late...

The present study was set out to investigate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) evaluations of ovarian nervous network development and the structural relationship between folliculogenesis and gangliogenesis in mouse ovaries. Adult mice ovarian tissue samples were collected from follicular and luteal phases after cardiac perfusion. Ovar...

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal, which seems to be crucial during the prepubertal period. Cd can destroy the structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enters into the brain. Although the brain is susceptible to neurotoxicity induced by Cd, the effects of Cd on the brain, particularly hypothalamic transcriptome, are still relatively po...

Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been hypothesized as a cause of declining sheep reproductive efficiency. Understanding the long-term effects of EDCs such as heavy metals on reproductive health requires investigation in 'real life' of sheep that are reared in industrial areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of...

The present study was set out to investigate two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) evaluations of ovarian nervous network development and the structural relationship between folliculogenesis and gangliogenesis in mouse ovary. Adult mice ovarian tissue samples were collected from diestrus and estrus stages after cardiac perfusion. Ovarian...

Background: Despite the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among childbearing women and the development of many animal models for this syndrome, information on its etiology is still scarce. Intrauterine hyperandrogenic environment may underlie changes at the levels of hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary organization in female offspring, a...

The effect of inclusion of quercetin in the semen extender on seminal characteristics in broiler breeders was studied. Fifteen roosters were habituated for semen collection by abdominal massage. Individual semen samples were pooled and diluted in freshly prepared Sexton’s extender. The extender contained 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM quercetin per milli...

The present study was performed to evaluate the in vitro effectiveness of quercetin on sperm characteristics in broiler breeder roosters at three storage times. A total of 15 male broiler breeders roosters were habituated for semen collection by abdominal massage. Ejaculates from roosters were pooled and were diluted in in the Sexton’s diluent and...

In the present study a hypothesis was tested that restricted feeding would affect the reproductive traits in female Chukar (Alectoris Chukar) breeder partridges. A total of one hundred sixty 30-month-old Chukar male and female partridges were randomly selected. The birds in treatment control were fed ad libitum; those in treatments G95, G90, and G8...

The examination chemical factors including industrial toxins and heavy metals seem to be crucial during the prepubertal period. In order to investigate the effects of prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of Cd on liver, hematological, and biochemical parameters in the serum, 16 female rats weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21 were randomly divided into...

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), initially discovered in birds as a hypothalamic neuropeptide, inhibits the synthesis and release of gonadotropins via affecting the GnRH neurons and gonadotropes. Therefore, it could be a key neuropeptide in reproduction in birds. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pre-pubertal, pubertal and...

Cadmium (Cd) has been associated with several physiological problems including reproductive and endocrine system dysfunction resulting in temporary infertility. The principal objective of this project was to investigate the effects of prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of Cd on puberty onset, the endocrine system, and follicular development. For t...

Abstract In the present study a hypothesis was tested that restricted feeding would affect the reproductive traits in female Chukar (Alectoris Chukar) breeder partridges. A total of one hundred sixty 30-month-old Chukar male and female partridges were randomly selected. The birds in treatment control were fed ad libitum; those in treatments G95, G9...

The effects of restricted feeding on reproductive performance in female Chukar (Alectoris Chukar) breeder partridges. Kerman Province, Iran, 2019 (in Persian with English abstract).

Published data on the beneficial effect of short-term administration of thyroxine (T4) in broiler breeder hens to reduce the ascites incidence in their progeny chicks raises the question as to what extent might the long-term maternal administration of T4 affect the blood hematological and biochemical attributes in breeder hens. A total of 70 broile...

This study was carried out to determine the effect of supplementing the semen extender with calcitriol on in vitro sperm characteristics in Chukar partridges. A total of 60 male Chukar partridges were habituated for semen collection by abdominal massage. Pooled ejaculates from several males were extended (1 to 5 v/v ratio) in the Sexton's diluent c...

Objective(s) To benefit from reproduction and deal with challenges in the environmental conditions, animals must adapt internal physiology to maximize the reproduction rate. Maladaptive variations in the neurochemical systems and reproductive system can lead to manifestation of several significant mammalian reprocesses, including mammalian ovarian...

Fast free of acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) is a modified sodium dodecyl sulfate‐based clearing protocol for the chemical clearing of lipids that completely preserves fluorescent signals in the cleared tissues. The FACT protocol was optimized to image translucent immunostained brain and non‐nervous tissues. For this purpose adult male Chukar par...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of long-term hyperthyroidism on biochemical attributes of Cobb 500 breeder hens. A total of seventy 47-week-old Cobb 500 breeder hens were randomly allotted to two treatment groups (5 replicates of 7 hens each). Thyroxine was orally administered to the hyperthyroid group (0.3 mg/bird/day) for 1...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of long-term hyperthyroidism on hematological attributes of Cobb 500 breeder hens. A total of seventy 47-week-old Cobb 500 breeder hens were randomly allotted to two treatment groups (5 replicates of 7 hens each). Thyroxine was orally administered to the hyperthyroid group (0.3 mg/bird/day) fo...

Background: Hypothalamic Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) and kiss1/kisspeptin systems play roles in reproductive processes. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in MC4R and kiss1 genes expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus and its relationship with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats. Materials and methods: In t...

Background: Hypothalamic Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) and kiss1/kisspeptin systems play roles in reproductive processes. This study was conducted to evaluate changes in MC4R and kiss1 genes expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus and its relationship with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in rats.Materials and Methods: In the c...

Background: An abnormality in pulse amplitude and frequency of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion is the most characteristics of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). On the other hand, arginine-phenylalanine-amide (RFamide)-related peptide-3 (RFRP3) inhibits the secretion of GnRH in mammalian hypothalamus. The current study performed i...

Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) as a hypothalamic neuropeptide inhibits the synthesis and release of gonadotropins via affecting gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and could be a key neuropeptide in regulating seasonal breeding in birds. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of GnIH in the hypothalamus of...

Different animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are introduced but most of them are induced by exogenous chemical or hormonal manipulation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate histomorphometric characteristics of ovaries in primiparous and nulliparous PCOS rats which were exposed to 90 days constant fluorescent light. Twenty-fo...

Aim: To evaluate the effects of long-term, moderate level noise exposure during crucial periods of rat infants on stereological parameters of medial geniculate body (MGB) and auditory cortex. Materials and methods: Twenty-four male offspring of 12 pregnant rats were divided into four groups: fetal-to-critical period group, which were exposed to...

Until 2000 it was believed that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was the sole regulator of hypophyseal gonadotropes. In 2000, the discovery of a gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) initiated a revolution in the field of reproductive physiology. Identification of GnIH homologues in mammals, the arginine-phenylalanine-amide (RFamide)-related...

Background: RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) is known to inhibit gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in rat. The effects of litter size and suckling intensity on the expression of RFRP mRNA in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) of rats were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Thirty two pregnant and...

Pregnancy is associated with a range of physiological adjustments to adapt the body to the demands of the growth of the fetus and subsequent lactation. It has been observed that agouti-related peptide (AGRP) and melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) are involved in energy homeostasis. A randomized controlled experimental study was planned to investigate t...

The aims of the present study were to evaluate luteal activity in Abadeh ecotype goat during summer and winter and also the effect of a single dose kisspeptin-10 injection on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in female anestrous goats. In the first study, progesterone (P4) concentration in 10 goats in summer (n = 6) and winter (n = 4) were...

Background: RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) and kisspeptin are known to respectively inhibit and stimulate gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in rat. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative expression of RFRP-3 mRNA and KiSS-1 mRNA (the gene encodes kisspeptin) in the hypothalamus of pr...

Introduction: Some ration ions by affecting the female reproductive organ and the layers around the oocyte could facilitate the penetration of sperm with specific chromosome type and change the sex ratio in mammal infants. Objective: Evaluate the effect of potassium supplement on the sex ratio in rat Methods: The percentage of moisture, ash, crude...

Objective(s): The effect of litter size and suckling intensity on the expression of KiSS-1 mRNA in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of rats were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Thirty two pregnant and four non-lactating ovariectomized (as control group) rats were used in this experiment. Lactating rats were allotted to eight equal groups. In three group...

Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) are involved in energy homeostasis in rat. According to MC4R and AgRP effects on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, they may influence the estrous cycle of rat. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of MC4R and AgRP mRNAs at different stages of estrous cy...

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that was discovered in birds as an inhibitory factor for gonadotropin release. RFamide-related peptide (RFRP) is a mammalian GnIH ortholog that inhibits gonadotropin synthesis and release in mammals through actions on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and gonado...

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that was discovered in birds as an inhibitory factor for gonadotropin release. RFamide-related peptide (RFRP) is a mammalian GnIH ortholog that inhibits gonadotropin synthesis and release in mammals through actions on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and gonado...

Aim: In the present study number of neurons that express gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the ewe preoptic area (POA) of hypothalamus were compared between the phases of estrous cycle. Materials and methods: Hypothalamus of four ewe groups (n=3) of ovariectomized, proestrus, estrus, and luteal were removed after perfusion. The number of GnR...

Introduction: Arginine-phenylalanine-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) is an inhibitor of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and an appetizer. Kisspeptin is a stimulator of GnRH and a regulator of energy metabolism. The objectives of the present study were to compare the effect of long term malnutrition on expression of RFRP-3 mRNA in d...

Introduction: Arginine-phenylalanine-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) and kisspeptin is believed to be respectively inhibitor and stimulator of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of lactation on expression of RFRP-3 mRNA in dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) and KiSS-1 mRNA in...

Objective: Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) are involved in energy homeostasis in the rat. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of MC4R and AgRP mRNAs in arcuate nucleus (ARC) during long term malnutrition of female ovariectomized rats. Materials and Methods: Ten female ovariectomized rats were...

Gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that was discovered in birds as an inhibitory factor for gonadotrophin release. RFamide-related peptide (RFRP) is a mammalian GnIH orthologue that inhibits gonadotrophin synthesis and release in mammals through actions on gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurones and...

No domestic availability to breeder turkey stocks and turkey hatching eggs prompted the present experiment that aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a conventional artificial insemination (AI) procedure in British United Turkey (BUT) for the first time in Iran. Broiler turkeys were restrictedly fed, grown for 46 weeks, and used for the current stud...

Kisspeptin and RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) are known to affect GnRH/luteinizing hormone (LH) in several species, including the rat. It has been hypothesized that GnRH/LH changes during the rat estrous cycle may result from changes in the expression of KiSS1 and RFRP-3 genes. Therefore, the present study investigates KiSS1 and RFRP-3 gene exp...

Introduction: RFamide-related peptide (RFRP) is believed to act an inhibitor of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. The aim of the present study was to compare the expression pattern of RFRP neurons in the dorsomedial nucleus of hypothalamus (DMH) at the different phases of the rat estrous cycle. Methods: The phases of the estrous cycl...

Introduction: Some ration ions by affecting the female reproductive organ and the layers around the oocyte could facilitate the penetration of sperm with specific chromosome type and change the sex ratio in mammal infants. Objective: Evaluate the effect of potassium supplement on the sex ratio in rat Methods: The percentage of moisture, ash, crude...

There is no follicular development during pregnancy in the rat comparable to the changes of the estrous cycle. RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) and kisspeptin were recognized as regulator of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in several species, including the rat. The aim of the present study was to evalu...

Background: Arginine-phenylalanine-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) and kisspeptin is believed to be respectively an inhibitor and stimulator of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. Aim: Comparison of the effect of lactation on expression of RFRP-3 mRNA in dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH) and KiSS-1 mRNA in arcuate nucleus (ARC)...

Backgrounds: Recognition of the pattern of luteal activity in goats can be applied for synchronization and reproductive management programs. Objectives: Evaluation of luteal activity based on the pattern of progesterone concentration in Fars native goat during the summer (non-breeding season) and winter (breeding season). Methods: Serum progesteron...

Background: Arginine-phenylalanine-amide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) is inhibitor of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion and appetizer and kisspeptin is stimulator of GnRH and regulator of energy metabolism. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of long term malnutrition on expression of RFRP-3 mRNA in dorsomedial...

Introduction: Kisspeptin injection was shown to elicit the release of gonadotropins in cyclic goats. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the lowest effective dose of kisspeptin-10 injection on the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in anestrous goats. Methods: The experiment was performed using eight female goats (4-5...

Seminal characteristics and blood biochemical attributes were studied in breeder roosters orally administered with sage extract (SG), an herbal extract well known to have potent antioxidant activities. Sixty roosters (34 weeks old) were randomly allotted to five treatment groups to receive no SG, or orally administered with 110, 210, 320, or 420 mg...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding high levels of olive-pulp silage on the seminal characteristics of Ghezel and Mehraban sheep. Sixteen fertile rams (3.5–4.0 years of age) of the Ghezel or Mehraban breeds (8 rams per breed) were randomly assigned to diets containing 70% olive-pulp or corn silage for 120 days. Semen was c...

Background: Hypothalamic kisspeptin (KP) is regarded as a key factor regulating GnRH release from the hypothalamus. Using immunohistochemial staining techniques, neurons expressing KP have been identified in the hypothalamus of many species. However, there seems to be no report on the change of expression of KP in the female goat hypothalamus over...

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to establish a simple and reliable method for separation of anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) and arcuate (Arc) nuclei in the rat hypothalamus to evaluate expression of peptide mRNAs in these nuclei using RT-PCR. Methods: Two female Sprague -Dawley rats were perfused transcardially with 10% buffered...

Introduction: Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) has been known as a key inhibitor of the secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Ewe has estrous cycles comprising of follicular and luteal phases. Follicular phase is in turn divided into proestrous and estrous phases. Blood level of LH increases in follicular and decreases in luteal...

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the colocalization of GnIH and GnRH neurons in the ewe preoptic area (POA) of hypothalamus during the phases of estrous cycle. Materials and Methods: Three ewes in three phases of proestrus, estrus and luteal of estrous cycle (n=9) were selected and based on their estrous cycle phase, the number...

Introduction: Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) and Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) are orexigenic peptides expressed in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) of the hypothalamus in the ewe. In addition, effects of GnIH and AgRP on the regulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone secretion have been shown in some mammals. The objective of the present study...

Introduction: Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is believed to be an inhibitor of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. The role of GnIH in lactational inhibition of gonadotropin secretion is not well known; therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lactation on expression of GnIH in these nuclei of lacta...

Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are orexigenic peptides localized in arcuate nucleus (ARN) of the hypothalamus in ewe. Effects of NPY in stimulation of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion are stated in some mammals. The objective of the present study was to investigate level of AgRP expression in ARN of the hypothalamus in the...

Introduction: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is the main hormone of reproduction control. The aim of the present study was to compare the neurons number that express GnRH in the ewe preoptic area (POA) of hypothalamus during the phases of estrous cycle. Methods: Twelve ewes were assigned in four groups of ovariectomized, proestrus, estrus, a...

Kisspeptins are families of peptides which expressed by KiSS-1 gene and through GnRH stimulate LH release. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression pattern of KiSS-1 mRNA in phases of estrous cycle in rat brain. After determination of estrous phase, diencephalon of 15 female matured rats was exposed and powdered in liquid nitroge...

RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3) has a role in inhibition of gonadotropin secretion in brain of rodents and is a homolog of gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH). Therfore, according to RFRP-3 effect on secretion of gonadotropins, the aim of the present study was to evaluate expression levels of RFRP-3 mRNA in phases of estrous cycle in brain of...

Introduction: Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) has been known as a key inhibitory of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. Moreover, GnRH content of hypothalamus does not alter during the lactation period. To evaluate the inhibitory mechanism of lactating rat reproduction the present study was performed to compare the expression of...

Introduction: The role of estrogen in the stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons is clear. These neurons do not express estrogen alpha receptors, so other mediator neurons should be present to transmit the positive feedback effect of estrogen to the GnRH neurons. Kisspeptin neurons have an important role in the stimulation of...

Kisspeptin (KP) is a prodct of prepro-kisspeptin. KP is a key regulator of GnRH and LH secretion in the ewe. In this study, Effect of different phases of estrous cycle on kisspeptin expression in the arcuate nucleus of the ewe examined. Because of no difference between phases of cycle, we suggested that perhaps KP neurons involved in mediating of b...

Kisspeptin is a potent stimulator of GnRH secretion that has been implicated in the feedback actions of ovarian steroids. In ewes, the majority of hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons are found in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), with a smaller population located in the preoptic area. Most arcuate kisspeptin neurons express estrogen receptor-alpha, as do a se...