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Knowledge Level about HIV/AIDS among the Villagers of Comilla District, Bangladesh
Abstract and Figures
The HIV/AIDS epidemic has grown on an unprecedented scale since it was first recognized, and presently it is considered as a well known global public health crisis. In making the health policy where millions of populations are at risk, it is necessary to understand the knowledge level about HIV/AIDS. So, this study aimed at to investigate the knowledge level about HIV/AIDS among the villagers. Data and necessary information were collected from one hundred villagers of Salmanpur from Comilla district, Bangladesh through a structured questionnaire. The collected data were used for univariate analysis, to carry out the description of the variables; and to justify the total score of knowledge about HIV/AIDS among the respondents, Cronbach's alpha (α) was calculated. The results revealed that almost all the respondents (92.00%) were ever heard about HIV/AIDS and half of them (51.00%) were known it as a communicable disease. Majority of the respondents (62.00%) believed that it is caused by heterosexual relation as well as sex with HIV positive persons. However, a good number of respondents were found unaware about the major causes and preventive ways of AIDS. Less than half of the respondents (45.00%) had medium knowledge (α = 0.34-0.66) and only 36.00% had the enough knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge level is increasing with the increase of education level, and the respondents who involved in agricultural works are found the lowest knowledge level (47.00%) about HIV/AIDS. The villagers were known about HIV/AIDS but they do not have accurate information about the ways in which AIDS virus can or cannot be transmitted. Therefore, effective programs should be taken to increase the knowledge level about HIV/AIDS among the villagers in Bangladesh.
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... There are a number of factors that place MSM groups in Bangladesh at high risk for the expanding epidemic of HIV/AIDS infection. Among of them, unequal and unavailable access to health care is main biomedical factors affecting the risk profile of Bangladeshi MSM worker (16,17). Historically HIV/AIDS-related health care is designed to focus on the heterosexual transmission with little acknowledge the contribution of male homosexual behavior (9). ...
Globally, HIV/AIDS is major killer disease and public health concern and men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher rates of HIV/AIDs and other sexually transmitted infections (STI) than women and heterosexual men. The assessment of vulnerability to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) has long been an interesting topic to population and health researchers. The aim of this study was an effort to assess the determinant factors of preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection among MSM in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. It was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 103 MSM. The data and necessary information were collected through a semi structured questionnaire from a drop-in center in Rajshahi City, Bangladesh. The preventive knowledge on HIV/AIDS was measured by eight different questions. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the data to find the associated risk factors on HIV/AIDS among MSM. The results revealed that around half of the MSM (44.66%) were not aware HIV/AIDS infection. Respondents' education, employment status, marital status, a habit to sex with many women, using condoms, how many time MSM per week, information sources about HIV/AIDS, and having apersonal risk of HIV/AIDS infection were found significantly (p< 0.05) associated with preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection. Finally, binary logistic regression model identified that education, using condoms, information sources about HIV/AIDS, and having personal risk of HIV/AIDS infection were the most prominent predictors. The MSM were not enough aware of HIV/AIDS infection. In this study strongly recommended advocacy, communication for social mobilization programs should be taken to increase the preventive knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection among MSM population.
... Rahman, Khan, & Mondal, 2014). A cross sectional study was conducted among icddr,b staffs to assess the knowledge and attitudes of HIV/AIDS. ...
HIV/AIDS is now considered a global burden and one of the major communicable diseases. Bangladesh is considered low HIV/AIDS prevalence country, but still many people, especially women have not enough knowledge about the transmission and prevention ways. This study uses complied data of BDHS 1996-97 to 2011 aimed at finding out the trends of HIV/AIDS knowledge and the factors influencing the knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Finding from univariate analysis reveals three knowledge related matched questions such as AIDS can be prevented by avoiding blood transmission, using sterilized injections/blades/razor and sex only one partner has increased roughly 10 percent to roughly 70 percent from the year 1996-67 to 2011. Bivariate analysis shows that the strong association between education level of respondent, partner's education, media exposure, wealth index, use of contraceptive method, age at first marriage of respondent, place of residence and division with the knowledge level of HIV/AIDS respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that higher educated respondents are 3.1 and 9.44 times more likely to have moderate and high knowledge compared to illiterate respondent. Place of residence also has a significance impact of HIV/AIDS knowledge level. The findings further suggest that respondents live in rural area are 0.82 and 0.71 times less likely to have moderate and high knowledge compared to respondents live in urban areas. Media exposure, division, contraceptive method use are found to be significant factors in influencing the knowledge level of HIV/AIDS. Promoting higher education and addressing regional variations can be the major factors for increasing knowledge level regarding HIV/AIDS.
... Most of the previous studies of females were related to RH rather than the impact of socioeconomic, demographic, and health factors on RH care. [6][7][8][9][10] It is then an important task of health researchers to identify the needs for RH promotion and to plan and implement the necessary educational programs that might include prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or HIV and unwanted pregnancies. However, accurate and correct knowledge of RH are important because they are vulnerable to a range of RH problems, including tooearly pregnancy and childbearing, unsafe abortion and STIs. ...
Background: Reproductive health (RH) is a critical component of women’s health and overall well-being around the world, especially in developing countries. We examine the factors that determine knowledge of RH care among female university students in Bangladesh.
Methods: Data on 300 female students were collected from Rajshahi University, Bangladesh through a structured questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. The data were used for univariate analysis, to carry out the description of the variables; bivariate analysis was used to examine the associations between the variables; and finally, multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression model) was used to examine and fit the model and interpret the parameter estimates, especially in terms of odds ratios.
Results: The results revealed that more than one-third (34.3%) respondents do not have sufficient knowledge of RH care. The X2 -test identified the significant (p < 0.05) associations between respondents’ knowledge of RH care with respondents’ age, education, family type, watching television; and knowledge about pregnancy, family planning, and contraceptive use. Finally, the binary logistic regression model identified respondents’ age, education, family type; and knowledge about family planning, and contraceptive use as the significant (p < 0.05) predictors of RH care.
Conclusions and Global Health Implications: Knowledge of RH care among female university students was found unsatisfactory. Government and concerned organizations should promote and strengthen various health education programs to focus on RH care especially for the female university students in Bangladesh.
Key words: Reproductive Health Care • Contraceptive Use • Family Planning • Women’s Health • Female University Students • Bangladesh
Copyright © 2015 Mondal et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
... Most of the previous studies of females were related to RH rather than the impact of socioeconomic, demographic, and health factors on RH care. [6][7][8][9][10] It is then an important task of health researchers to identify the needs for RH promotion and to plan and implement the necessary educational programs that might include prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or HIV and unwanted pregnancies. However, accurate and correct knowledge of RH are important because they are vulnerable to a range of RH problems, including tooearly pregnancy and childbearing, unsafe abortion and STIs. ...
Background: Reproductive health (RH) is a critical component of women’s health and overall well-being around the world, especially in developing countries. We examine the factors that determine knowledge of RH care among female university students in Bangladesh.
Methods: Data on 300 female students were collected from Rajshahi University, Bangladesh through a structured questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. The data were used for univariate analysis, to carry out the description of the variables; bivariate analysis was used to examine the associations between the variables; and finally, multivariate analysis (binary logistic regression model) was used to examine and fit the model and interpret the parameter estimates, especially in terms of odds ratios.
Results: The results revealed that more than one-third (34.3%) respondents do not have sufficient knowledge of RH care. The X2 -test identified the significant (p < 0.05) associations between respondents’ knowledge of RH care with respondents’ age, education, family type, watching television; and knowledge about pregnancy, family planning, and contraceptive use. Finally, the binary logistic regression model identified respondents’ age, education, family type; and knowledge about family planning, and contraceptive use as the significant (p < 0.05) predictors of RH care.
Conclusions and Global Health Implications: Knowledge of RH care among female university students was found unsatisfactory. Government and concerned organizations should promote and strengthen various health education programs to focus on RH care especially for the female university students in Bangladesh.
Malnutrition and HIV/AIDS (Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
both are considered most challenging issues for Bangladesh. The purpose of this review was to
describe the pervasiveness of malnutrition and HIV and also categorize the associated
determinants in Bangladesh. An attempt was being made through this review to highlights
various situate of malnutrition problems and HIV/AIDS. For this purpose, data was reviewed
during 1980 to 2011 from different secondary sources. As in Bangladesh the rapidity of under
nutrition is too elevated, although slow, the rate of overweight and obesity in children and
women is also rising and in the mid-1980s Bangladesh initiated an early retort to the HIV
outbreak. Because of lack of acquaintance about reproductive health issues, youngsters are more
in danger than adults and in the midst of the youngsters, girls are more at risk. On the other hand
malnutrition is anticipated to be causes of about 60% of maternal childhood and deaths in
Bangladesh. Information plays a vital role to have exact understanding of people about
HIV/AIDS spread and the strategies for prevention of malnutrition and various informative
drives through media should be more regular because still the knowledge stage seems to be low
and misconceptions apprehended.
Ever married women are more vulnerable group to sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), HIV/AIDS infection, and unplanned pregnancies. The aims of this study are to assess the level of awareness among ever married women on HIV/AIDS and to determine the affecting factors influenced knowledge and awareness about HIV/AIDS regarding its prevention and control. The data on 10,996 ever married women in their reproductive span (15-49 years) was taken from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2007. The statistical tools, Chi square (χ 2) test and binary logistic regression analysis have been performed to analyse the data. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses identified that re-spondent's education, husband's education, husband's occupation, age at marriage, watching TV, electricity in the household, marital status, and residence are found to have statistically significant effects with HIV/AIDS awareness (p<0.01). Marriage in the older age (>18 years), education, and mass media campaigns are strongly suggested for increasing knowledge and awareness to be controlled the spread of HIV/AIDS as well as STDs among ever married women in Bangladesh.
In this qualitative study of brothel-based Female Sex Workers (FSWs), the authors explored factors that influence safe sex practices of FSWs within an integrated HIV intervention. Qualitative methods, including focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews and key informant interviews were applied in four brothels in Bangladesh. Young and elderly FSWs, Sordarnis (Madams who own young FSWs and who may be either active or inactive sex workers themselves), program managers and providers were the participants for this study. Findings showed that condom use was high but not consistent among bonded FSWs (those who are under the control of a Sordarni) who have regular clients. The bonded FSWs reported being maltreated by the Sordarnis for refusing to have sex without a condom, and access to health services was hindered by Sordarnis. Implications of the study are that integrated HIV intervention should provide more encouragement to relevant stakeholders to promote mutual support towards safe sex practices for the FSWs. © 2012: Nafisa Lira Huq, Mahbub Elahi Chowdhury, and Nova Southeastern University.
The inability to get people to test regularly and know their Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status has caused the widespread unavailability of correct and comprehensive data on HIV infection. This study consists of the birth process model for estimating the incidence of HIV infection in three main cities in Bangladesh up to the year 2020. Data and necessary information were obtained from the 9th Round Serological Surveillance, Bangladesh. The probability generating function approach was used to solve the associated birth process model to estimate the HIV incidence. The results reveal that the HIV infected populations of Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet cities as projected by the fitted model are shown increasing trend.
This paper identifies the vulnerable groups which have lower level of specific knowledge about transmission and ways of avoiding human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Majority of respondents, about 92% floating and 99% frequently moving, heard the name HIV/AIDS from various sources of media, but 52% floating and 31% frequently moving respondents do not know the fearfulness of HIV/AIDS. Electronic media is the most dominant source of hearing about HIV/AIDS. In this study, it was also found that uncontrolled and unsafe sexual relation is the main cause of HIV/AIDS (answer given by the respondents). Further, all the variables (respondents' age, marital status, educational level and occupation) of contingency analysis were significantly associated with HIV/AIDS in frequently moving respondents but the same variables were not seen in floating respondents. In multivariate logistic analysis, we found that in case of frequently moving respondents, variables like respondents' age, marital status, education and occupation exert significant effect on the knowledge about the fearfulness of HIV/AIDS; whereas in floating respondents, only education variable exerts significant effect on the knowledge about the fearfulness of HIV/AIDS.
The main purpose of this study is to find the awareness level as well as the determinants of awareness on HIV/AIDS among the garments workers in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. To do so, 200 garments workers were interviewed through a structured questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. As the statistical tools, univariate analysis was completed to figure out frequency distribution and the binary logistic regression model was used to predict the probability occur-rence of the events by fitting data. The results revealed that the majority of the garments workers (63.5%) are very young (18 -27 years), almost all (97.5%) are literate and most of them (57.0%) used contraceptives. Importantly, most of the respondents (64.0%) had not participated in any type of seminar or workshop related to HIV/AIDS, though al-most all the respondents (84.5%) know HIV is a dangerous and life threatening disease. The logistic regression model identified that respondents' education, contraceptive usage, mass media and HIV workshops have statistically signifi-cant positive effects on HIV/AIDS awareness. Various media campaigns are strongly suggested to be increased knowl-edge and awareness to control the spread of HIV as well as STDs among garments workers in Bangladesh.
Background
We attempted to identify the pathways by which demographic changes, socioeconomic inequalities, and availability of health factors influence life expectancy in low- and lower-middle-income countries.
Methods
Data for 91 countries were obtained from United Nations agencies. The response variable was life expectancy, and the determinant factors were demographic events (total fertility rate and adolescent fertility rate), socioeconomic status (mean years of schooling and gross national income per capita), and health factors (physician density and human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] prevalence rate). Path analysis was used to determine the direct, indirect, and total effects of these factors on life expectancy.
Results
All determinant factors were significantly correlated with life expectancy. Mean years of schooling, total fertility rate, and HIV prevalence rate had significant direct and indirect effects on life expectancy. The total effect of higher physician density was to increase life expectancy.
Conclusions
We identified several direct and indirect pathways that predict life expectancy. The findings suggest that policies should concentrate on improving reproductive decisions, increasing education, and reducing HIV transmission. In addition, special attention should be paid to the emerging need to increase life expectancy by increasing physician density.
