A Dictionary based Compression Scheme for Natural Language Text with Reduced Bit Encoding

Abstract

Data compression, also called compaction, the process of reducing the amount of data needed for the storage or transmission of a given piece of information, typically by the use of encoding techniques. Character encoding is genuinely related to data compression which represents characters with a type of encoding technique. Encoding characterizes the way toward putting a movement of characters into a specific arrangement for incredible transmission or point of confinement. Compression of data covers a goliath space of employments including data correspondence, data securing and database improvement. For the most part two surely understood compression procedures named Huffman and LZW are really utilized for text compression. In this paper, we propose an effective and straightforward compression techniques for huge common text by a 5 bit encoding scheme which can convert 8 bit characters to 5 bit named 5 Bit Encoding Scheme (5BE). It can most likely beat Huffman and LZW regarding compression proportion. This plan gives an encoding calculation changing over any 8 bit characters in English and Bangla by 5 bit by using a look up table. The look up table is created by utilizing Zipf dissemination which is a discrete circulation of generally utilized characters in various dialects. In the wake of changing over the characters into 5 bit, we consistently ascertain a k-Series scheme to build a database dictionary. With the penalty of storage for the dictionary, we compress a natural text by 87%. This dictionary will be used by the compression and decompression algorithms and to be employed in the client side. Therefore, constructed only once. Hence the facilities provided by the compression technique will be found without interruption. The reverse algorithm to recuperate the genuine data is additionally illustrated. We compare our algorithm to both the outstanding Huffman and LZW strategy. Promising execution is exhibited by our trial result.

Full text

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A Dictionary based Compression Scheme for
Natural Language Text with Reduced Bit
Encoding
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Abstract— Data compression, also called compaction, the
process of reducing the amount of data needed for the storage or
transmission of a given piece of information, typically by the use
of encoding techniques. Character encoding is genuinely related
to data compression which represents characters with a type of
encoding technique. Encoding characterizes the way toward
putting a movement of characters into a specific arrangement for
incredible transmission or point of confinement. Compression of
data covers a goliath space of employments including data
correspondence, data securing and database improvement. For
the most part tw o surely understood compression procedures
named Huffman and LZW are really utilized for text
compression. In this paper, we propose an effective and
straightforward compression techniques for huge common text
by a 5 bit encoding scheme which can convert 8 bit characters to
5 bit named 5 Bit Encoding Scheme (5BE). It can most likely
beat Huffman and LZW regarding compression proportion.
This plan gives an encoding calculation changing over any 8 bit
characters in English and Bangla by 5 bit by using a look up
table. The look up table is created by utilizing Zipf dissemination
which is a discrete circulation of generally utilized characters in
various dialects. In the wake of changing over the characters into
5 bit, we consistently ascertain a k-Series scheme to build a
database dictionary. With the penalty of storage for the
dictionary, we compress a natural text by 87%. This dictionary
will be used by the compression and decompression algorithms
and to be employed in the client side. Therefore, constructed only
once. Hence the facilities provided by the compression technique
will be found without interruption. The reverse algorithm to
recuperate the genuine data is additionally illustrated. We
compare our algorithm to both the known Huffman and LZW
technique. Promising efficiency is exhibited by our experimental
result.
Keywords—
encoding; compression; decompression; 5-bit
compression; compression ratio.
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   6HW
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Authorized licensed use limited to: Macquarie University. Downloaded on June 23,2020 at 06:21:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

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    6HW
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   6HW
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   6HW
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   6HW
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A. Database Dictionary creation using k-Series:
6XEVHTXHQWWRFKDQJLQJRYHUWKHELWFKDUDFWHUVLQWRELWV
ZHKDYHDELWVWUHDPRIELWVRIHDFKFKDUDFWHU)RUDQ\LQIR
FRQWHQW7 ZHPDNHDELWVWUHDPELWVIRU HDFKFKDUDFWHU
DQGIURPWKLV ELW VWUHDP ZH SDUWLWLRQLWE\ WR WDNH  ELWV
HDFK:HVHWWUDLOLQJWKHODVW VHWQXPEHUWRPDNHLW PRG
HTXLYDOHQWWR]HURLIWKHOHQJWKRIWKHELWVWUHDPLVQWPRG
HTXLYDOHQWWR]HUR)URPWKLVELWVZHKDYHA YDULRXV
EOHQGVRIELWV6LQFHHYHU\RQHRIWKHFKDUDFWHUVLVVSRNHQWR
E\ELWV ZHLQFOXGHDIL[HGSLHFHGHVLJQEHIRUHHYHU\RQH
RIWKHELWV$IWHUDGGLQJIL[HGELWSDWWHUQZHJHW
$6&,, YDOXH UDQJH  7DEOH  VKRZV WKH FKDUDFWHUV
DORQJZLWKLWVGHFLPDODQG$6&,,YDOXHV+HQFHDQ\RIWKH
FKDUDFWHUVVKRZQLQ7DEOH EHFRPHVD FKDUDFWHUVKRZQLQ
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7$%/(,,
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 $  
 %  
 &  
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 )  
 *  
 +  
 ,  
 -  
 .  
 /  
 0  
 1  
 2  
Original Text (Input):
$&RPSUHVVLRQVFKHPH
Set Representation:
6HW$6HWVSDFH6HW&6HWRPSUHVVLRQVSDFHVFKHPH
Decimal Representation:

5 bit representation     
«
After Dividing by 4:
«
Adding 0100 to every combination:
    
«
Corresponding Ascii Character:
1#..+1%2-&*&'+#&,/-&&)#1.'#$/#
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7$%/(,,DUHFRQVWUXFWHGZKLFKDUHVWRUHGLQDGDWDEDVH6R
ZHFDOOHGLWN6HULHVZKHUHNDFWXDOO\GHILQHVWKHQXPEHURI
FRPELQDWLRQRIWKHFKDUDFWHUV
:H YDULDWH WKH YDOXH RI N IURP  WR  DQG IRXQG WKH
GLFWLRQDU\VL]HZKLFKLVVWRUHGELQWKH'DWDEDVH
7KLVYDULDWLRQLVGHPRQVWUDWHGE\DJUDSKLQ)LJ
)URP)LJLWFDQEHVHHQWKDWE\WKHLQFUHDVLQJYDOXHRIN
WKHGLFWLRQDU\VL]HLQWKHGDWDEDVHLQLQFUHDVLQJJUDGXDOO\
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6HULHVYDOXH
:HVWRUHWKHN6HULHVLQGDWDEDVHE\XVLQJWKHIROORZLQJ
DOJRULWKP
,IN 'DWDEDVHFUHDWHGLQWKLVIRUP
 $$
 $%
 $&
 $'
« «
7KLV DOJRULWKP LV GHYHORSHG E\ VLPSO\ PXOWLSO\ RQH
FKDUDFWHURUDVWHDPRIFKDUDFWHUWRDQRWKHUFKDUDFWHU
/LNHLIZHZDQWWRVWRUH$%
7KHQILUVWO\ZHVWRUH$WKHQPXOWLSO\$ZLWK%ZKLFKPDNHV
LW$%
$IWHUVWRULQJLWLQWRWKHGDWDEDVHZHMXVWTXHU\LW¶VLQGH[E\
D VLPSOH VHOHFWLRQ ZLWK SURMHFWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ RI GDWDEDVH
ZKHUHWKHSURMHFWLRQRSHUDWLRQFRQWDLQVWKHN6HULHVQXPEHU
DQGWKHSDUWLFXODUN6HULHVFRPELQDWLRQ
6RLIZHZDQWWRILQGWKHLQGH[RI$%ZHMXVWTXHU\LQWRWKH
GDWDEDVH ZLWK N6HULHV QXPEHU  VLQFH $% FRQWDLQV D 
FKDUDFWHUFRPELQDWLRQDQGJRWRWKHIROORZLQJWDEOHZKHUHLW
PDWFKHV$%ZLWKWKH$%RIWKHWDEOHDQGILQGWKHLQGH[
7KHGDWDEDVHLVFUHDWHGE\XVLQJWKHN6HULHVVFKHPHVRLWLV
FDOOHGN6HULHV'DWDEDVH'LFWLRQDU\
$IWHUJHWWLQJWKHLQGH[HVXVLQJWKHDERYHGDWDEDVHGLFWLRQDU\
ZHUHSUHVHQWHDFKLQGH[ZLWKE\WHE\XVLQJWKH-DYD
OutputStreamWriter() IXQFWLRQ LQ -DYD SODWIRUP ZKLFK LV
XVHGWRFRQYHUWWKHZULWWHQFKDUDFWHUVWRWKHE\WHVZULWWHQWR
WKH XQGHUO\LQJ OutputStream +HUH ZHFRQYHUW WKH ZULWWHQ
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Authorized licensed use limited to: Macquarie University. Downloaded on June 23,2020 at 06:21:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

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B. Compression and Decompression Algorithm
1) Compression Algorithm
Input:1RUPDOVWULQJ6
Output:$QHQFRGHGFRPSUHVVHGVWULQJ6F
Step1: %\DGGLQJVHWFKDQJHUHSUHVHQWLQJWKHVWULQJ6E\
6C
Step2: %\XVLQJWKHORRNXSWDEOH UHSUHVHQWLQJ WKH VWULQJ
6CE\LW¶VFRUUHVSRQGLQJELWVUHSUHVHQWDWLRQ
/HWWKHUHSUHVHQWDWLYHVWULQJ6¶FRQWDLQ.ELWV
Step3: 'LYLGH.LQWKLVEHORZZD\WRILQGWKHQXPEHURI
ELWFRPELQDWLRQVDYDLODEOHLQ.
:KLOH. WKHQMXPSLQWR6WHS
:KLOH. WKHQVXPXSPELWVLQWKHIRUPDWLRQRIWKH
ODVWELWVHWFRGHE\WDNLQJHYHU\ELWRIWKHVHWFRGHRQHE\
RQHDQGLQFUHDVLQJLQWKHVDPHZD\XQWLOO.P 
Step4: 6WRUHHYHU\ELWFRPELQDWLRQVLQ.¶
Step5: $GGWRHYHU\ELWFRPELQDWLRQRI.¶WRPDNH
WKH ELQDU\ FRPELQDWLRQ RQO\ OLPLWHG WR DERYH N
6HULHVGHVFULEHGLQ7DEOH,,
Step6: 'LYLGH .¶ E\  WR ILQG WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ $6&,,
FKDUDFWHUVDQGVWRUHWKHUHVXOWLQ5
Step7: 'LYLGH 5 E\ WKH GLIIHUHQW YDOXH RI WKH N6HULHV
ZKHUHN WR DQGILQGWKHH[DFWORFDWLRQRIWKH
SDUWLFXODUFRPELQDWLRQ RIWKHN6HULHVIURPWKH N
6HULHV'DWDEDVH'LFWLRQDU\E\XVLQJVHOHFWLRQZLWK
SURMHFWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ JLYLQJ WKH N6HULHV QXPEHU
DQG WKH SDUWLFXODU N6HULHV FRPELQDWLRQ DQG VWRUH
WKHFRUUHVSRQGLQJLQGH[HVLQ1
Step8: 5HSUHVHQWLQJ1E\LW¶VFRUUHVSRQGLQJ8QLFRGHWH[W
LQ6FDQGPDNLQJDPDSRIWKHSDUWLFXODULQGH[HVWR
LW¶V FRUUHVSRQGLQJ 8QLFRGH WH[W LQ D GDWDEDVH
QDPHG,QGH[WR8QLFRGH
Step9: 8QLFRGHWH[WLQ6FLVFRPSUHVVHGWH[W
Example 2:
Original Text (Input):
$&RPSUHVVLRQVFKHPH
Set Representation:
6HW$6HWVSDFH6HW&6HWRPSUHVVLRQVSDFHVFKHPH
Decimal Representation:«
5 bit representation     
«
After Dividing by 4:
«
Adding 0100 to every combination:
    
«
Corresponding ASCII representation:
1#..+1%2-&*&'+#&,/-&&)#1.'#$/#12
Corresponding N6HULHV after dividing by k (Where k=8):
1#..+1%2-&*&'+#&,/-&&)#1.'#$/#12
Index: 
Compressed String:
㋒
ᠵـ
ụ

2) Decompression Algorithm
Input:&RPSUHVVHG6WULQJ6F
Output:2ULJLQDO7H[W6
Step1: )URPWKH,QGH[WR8QLFRGHGDWDEDVHUHSUHVHQWLQJ
6FWRLW¶VFRUUHVSRQGLQJLQGH[YDOXH
Step2: )URPWKHORFDWLRQRIWKHLQGH[YDOXHLQWKH6FILQG
WKH H[DFW N6HULHV FRPELQDWLRQ IURP WKH N6HULHV
'DWDEDVH'LFWLRQDU\DQGVWRUHLWLQ.
Step3: )URP . ILQG LW¶V FRUUHVSRQGLQJ  ELW ELQDU\
FRPELQDWLRQIURPWKH$6&,,WDEOHDQGVWRUHWKH
UHVXOWDQWELQDU\ELWVLQ.¶
Step4: 5HPRYH  IURP HYHU\  ELW ELQDU\
FRPELQDWLRQV
Step5: )URPWKHUHPDLQLQJ.¶WKELWVVWUHDPWDNLQJELWV
DQG UHSUHVHQWLQJ LW E\ WKH FKDUDFWHU VHW RI WKH
ORRNXSWDEOH
Step6: $IWHUH[FOXGLQJWKHVHWQXPEHUIURPN¶WKHRULJLQDO
VWULQJ6FDQEHIRXQG
Example 3:
Compressed String:
㋒
ᠵـ
ụ
Index: 
Corresponding N6HULHV:
1#..+1%2-&*&'+#&,/-&&)#1.'#$/#12
Corresponding 8 bit Representation: 
    
«
After removing 0100 from every 8 bit combination:
«
After dividing it by 5
5 bit representation:     
«
Corresponding Decimal Representation: 
«
Corresponding Set Representation: 6HW $ 6HW VSDFH
6HW&6HWRPSUHVVLRQVSDFHVFKHPH
Original Text:$&RPSUHVVLRQVFKHPH
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,9
$1$/< 7,&$/
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$1$/<6,6
$WKHRUHWLFDODQDO\VLVLVGHYHORSHGWRFDOFXODWHWKHHIILFLHQF\
RI%(SUHFLVHO\7KHSDUDPHWHUVZKLFKDUHFRQVLGHUHGIRU
DQDO\WLFDODQDO\VLVDUHVKRZQLQ7$%/(,,,
/HWXVVXSSRVH
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ZHFDQLJQRUHLW@
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Authorized licensed use limited to: Macquarie University. Downloaded on June 23,2020 at 06:21:00 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

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